GUIDE TO STUDY

SIMPLE PRESENT
N.S:

STRUCTURE

Subject + Verb (base form) + complement

S,es,ies

EXAMPLE:

1. We plays basquetball.
2. She plays videogames.
3. We study in Atenea.

STRUCTURE NEGATIVE

Subject + Don´t/ doesn´t + verb +complement

EXAMPLE

1.We don´t play basquetball.

2. she doesn´t play videogames.

3. we don´t study in Atenea.

CLOSED QUESTIONS Y/N

AUX.
STRUCTURE
DO: I, we, you and they.
Aux. (DO/DOES) + Subject + Verb + Complement?
DOES: She, he and It.
EXAMPLE:

1. Do we play basquetball?
R:
yes, we do.
No, we don´t.

2. Does she play video games?

R:
Yes, she does.
No, she doesn´t.

3. Do we study in Atenea?
R: Yes, we do.
 No ,we don´t.

Yes, +subject + aux (positive).

No, subject + aux (negative).

OPEN QUESTIONS (W).

STRUCTURE

W + aux (do /does) + subject + verb +complement?

EXAMPLE:

1. When do you swim in the pool?

W+ Verb to be + subject + verb (base form) + complement?

EXAMPLE:

1. Why are we study english?

COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

1. COMPARATIVES

AJECTIVE SHORTS (1 AND 2 SYLABLES) LONG ( 3 SYLABLES ONWARD)

Adj+ ER + THAN 1. MORE +adj+ THAN (+)
 TALL 2. LESS + adj+ THAN (-)
 SMART  Taller than
 FUNNY  Smarter than  MORE beautiful than.
 BEAUTIFUL  Funnier than  LESS beautiful than.

(cuando el adjetivo es largo se

conjuga con MORE o LESS).

EXAMPLE:

Structure
Subject+ is + adj (short / long) + than+ complement
Adj: pretty.

1. She is prettier than me.

 2.SUPERLATIVE

ADJECTIVE SHORT LONG

(1 y 2 SYLLABLES) ( 3 SYLLABLES ONWARD)

Tall (Corto) The adj + EST. THE MOST +adj (+)

Smart (corto) The LEAST + adj (-)
Funny (corto) EXAMPLES:
Beautiful (largo)  The tallest. EXAMPLE
 The smartest
 The funniest  The most beautiful.
 The least beautiful.

RECOMMENDATIONS
N.S

STRUCTURE

Subject +
 IMPERATIVE
Tipo de imperativo Estructura Ejemplo

Imperativo Infinitivo del verbo (sin el to) Come  here right now, I have to talk to you.
afirmativo
(Ven aquí ahora mismo, tengo que hablar contigo.)

Imperativo Don’t / Do not + verbo en Don’t quit  now, you are so close to the finish line, you have
negativo infinitivo my support.

(sin el to) (No te rindas ahora, estás muy cerca de la meta, tienes mi
apoyo.)

N.S

CONDITIONALS
4 FUTURE – PRESENT
4 PRESENT –PAST
4 PAST- PAST PERFECT
THERE IT WILL LAST

STRUCTURE:

N.S
4 Future – Present : If + subject+ (verb in present simple) + subject+ will + (sentence
with the verb in infinitive).
EXAMPLE:

1. If you buy a car, you will be very happy.

4 Present –Past: If+ subject + verb in past + compl+ subject + verb in
present + compl.
EXAMPLE:

2. If you bought a car, you are very happy.

4 Past- Past perfect: If + subject +had / hadn´t + verb (past. Participle)
+compl+ subject+ verb in past + compl.
EXAMPLE:
3. If you had bought a car, you was very happy.
There it will last: If + subject +had /hadn´t + verb (past participle) + subject+
aux+ have+ verb (past. Participle)+ compl.
EXAMPLE:

4. If you had bought a car, you would have been very happy

CLOSED QUESTIONS
OPEN QUESTIONS
FIRST CONDITIONAL
STRUCTURE
question word + will + sujeCT + verb + if + sujeto + verbo

EXAMPLE:
What will he do if she leaves him?
 

SECOND CONDITIONAL
STRUCTURE:
question word + would + subject + infinitive (without to ) + if + subject + simple
past
EXAMPLE:
What would you do if you won the lottery?
ACTIVE VOICE/ PASSIVE VOICE
 ACTIVE VOICE
N.S
STRUCTURE

SUBJECT + VERB + SUBJECT+ COMPLEMENT.

EXAMPLE:

 PEOPLE REMEMBER EINSTEIN FOR HIS INTELLIGENCE.

 PASSIVE VOICE
STRUCTURE:

SUBJECT + VERB TO BE + VERB PAST PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT.

EXAMPLE:

 EINSTEN IS REMEMBERED FOR HIS INTELLIGENCE.

QUESTIONS ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE
(CLOSED AND OPEN)
SIMPLE PRESENT:
EXAMPLE:
 PARA REALIZAR LAS PREGUNTAS EN VOZ ACTIVA SE SIGUE LA

ACTIVE: ¿DOES JAZMINE PAY HER EMPLOYEES? ESTRUCTURA DE LA ORACIÓN NORMAL RESPETANDO LOS
TIEMPOS.

 PARA REALIZAR LAS PREGUNTAS EN VOZ PASSIVA SE SIGUE EL

PASSIVE: ¿ARE THE EMPLOYEES PAID BY JAZMINE? ORDEN DE ACUERDO A LA IMAGEN ANTES MOSTRADA.

PRESENT CONTINOUS:
ACTIVE: ¿IS JAZMINE PAYING HER EMPLOYEES?
PASSIVE: ¿ARE THE EMPLOYEES BEING PAID BY JAZMINE?

PRESENT PERFECT:
ACTIVE: ¿HAS JAZMINE PAID HER EMPLOYEES?
PASSIVE: ¿HAVE THE EMPLOYEES BEEN PAID BY JAZMINE?

SIMPLE PAST:
ACTIVE: ¿DID JAZMINE PAY HER EMPLOYEES?
PASSIVE: ¿WERE THE EMPLOYEES PAID BY JAZMINE?

PAST CONTINOUS:
ACTIVE: ¿WAS JAZMINE PAYING HER EMPLOYEES?
PASSIVE: ¿WAS THE EMPLOYEES BEING PAID BY JAZMINE?

FUTURE:
ACTIVE: ¿WILL JAZMINE PAY HER EMPLOYEES?
PASSIVE: ¿WILL THE EMPLOYEES BE PAID BY JAZMINE?

W. QUESTIONS  PARA LAS PREGUNTAS ABIERTAS EN VOZ ACTIVA, SE COLOCA

AL INICIO LA W.Q, POSTERIORMENTE SE SIGUE EL ORDEN DE
LAS PREGUNTAS REPETANDO EL TIEMPO.
ACTIVE: ¿WHERE DOES JAZMINE PAY HER EMPLOYEES?
 PARA LA VOZ PASSIVA DE IGUAL MANERA SE COLOCA AL INICIO
PSSIVE: ¿WHERE ARE THE EMPLOYEES PAID BY JAZMINE? LA W.Q Y POSTERIORMENTE SE SIGUE EL ORDEN DE LA
IMAGEN ANTES MOSTRADA.