COMMUNITY PROFILING • Other economic characteristics

3. Physical Characteristics
Community Profile
The community profile is a summary of the history
and present conditions of a community. It provides
a detailed demographic, economic and cultural
information of the community. It gives an overview
or series of snapshots of the area and is used as a
basis for identifying its potentials.
The Community Profile includes:
1. Narrative text that describes community
characteristics, such as population
demographics, economic and social history
of the communities, the importance of
various facilities.
2. Tables or graphics that summarize
important data or conclusions, such as
population demographics or employment
trends.
3. A visual map or maps that depict physical
characteristics, such as neighborhood
boundaries, land uses, public facilities, and
commercial centers.
• Community centers/activity centers
• Infrastructure (e.g., roads, transit, and water
and sewage systems)
• Public services and facilities (e.g., schools,
police, fire, libraries, and hospitals)
• Land-use plans and zoning
• Special areas, historic districts, and
parklands
• Businesses
• Housing
• Planned and approved future development
• Community focal points or informal meeting
places (e.g., places of worship,
playgrounds, hair salons, and laundromats)
4. Health Status
• common and endemic diseases
• disease causes and management
• maternal and child-care practices
• sources of water, waste and disposal
• dietary patterns
5. Access to Service

• groups and agencies that are providing

service, and the type and frequency of the
Community Characteristics service they provide
The following are examples of the types of data to 6. Community Organizations
collect and incorporate into a community profile.
• organizations in the barangay, their
1. Population and Demographic Characteristics projects, activities, and organizational set-
• Trends in population growth and up
demographics
• Ethnicity and race
• Age and gender distributions
• Income levels
• Educational attainment
• Employment status
• Special population subgroups, such as
disable persons
2. Socio-Economic History/Characteristics

• Community historical background and

context
• Population of indigenous groups
• Community values and issues (e.g., security
and solitude)
• Economic base/livelihood
 COMMUNITY PLANNING
◼ Development in the community does not
happen by chance. It is the result of
deliberate and concerned efforts by citizens
who see the need for planned changes.
Unless the community residents are united
in this endeavor, little or no progress can be
seen.
Community Planning
Each and every one of us at some point
plans and implements a project. Whether you are a
student finishing a homework, an engineer
designing a plan, an event coordinator organizing
for a friend’s wedding or a director shooting a
movie- whatever field or profession you might
choose, it can be safely said that it is imperative for
us to be familiar with the steps involved in planning
and preparing for a project.
PLANNING:
ITS MEANING AND NATURE
◼ Planning is a process of determining what is
to be done, when and where it should be
done, who should do it and how it should be
done.
◼ IN SHORT, IT IS DETERMINING THE
OBJECTIVES AND HOW TO
ACCOMPLISH THEM.
◼ As a function of the community worker or
any manager/leader for that matter,
planning is continuous.Even while the plan
is being implemented, the implementer
keeps planning/strategizing as he seeks to
correct/improve certain aspects of the
projects/activity-implementation. In effect, it
is cyclical.
People should undertake planning for three
basic reasons:
1. Planning provides direction.
• If a person has a plan, he knows just where
he is heading and rarely gets lost or
confused in the rough-and-tumble of
everyday life
2. Planning ensures economy of time, effort and
money
• Planning proves to be economical as it
helps save time, effort and financial
resources.
• The more effective people are in planning,
the more economical they become in terms
of the three factors –time, effort and money
3. Planning reduces risks
• If a person has a plan, he knows just where
he is heading and rarely gets lost or
confused in the rough-and-tumble of
everyday life.
ACTION PLANNING
◼ ACTION-ORIENTED
◼ SHORT-RANGE
• Meant to address the immediate
problems of the locality
◼ It highlights very specific activities and
strategies; hence, it is expected that outputs
desired will be accomplished
What is a plan?
“An outline which consists of strategies and specific
actions or steps to be undertaken in order to reach
the goals. “
◼ Developing a plan is said to be the first
critical step in ensuring a project’s success.
Through the process of planning, the
persons involved collaborate and determine
the best possible way of achieving the
established goals within a given time frame
at the least possible cost.
 WHO DEVELOPS A PLAN? Project Boundaries
◼ These key persons may include the Specifies the limit of the project
following:
Ex. This project will only include the
◼ COMMUNITY MEMBERS DIRECTLY demonstration of the steps in making tote bag but
AFFECTED BY THE PROBLEM (e.g. will not provide the participants the materials to be
youth, mothers, workers, etc.) used free of charge.
◼ INFLUENTIAL PERSONS FROM THE
COMMUNITY (community leaders, elected
Project Location
or not)
The place where the project will be
◼ EXPERTS WHO HAVE BEEN WORKING
implemented
WITH THE SAID COMMUNITY (e.g.
community organizers)

Project Beneficiaries
WHAT ARE THE STEPS IN DEVELOPING A Who will benefit from the project
PLAN?
◼ ESTABLISH YOUR GOAL
Project Duration
Be Specific.
The project will start from what date and end in
Be Realistic. what date
❑ IDENTIFY STRATEGIES/ ACTIONS
STEPS/ACTIVITIES TO BE TAKEN
Project Methodologies
❑ PERSONS INVOLVED
Procedure or step by step completion of the
❑ TIME FRAME project from the planning up to the evaluation
❑ RESOURCES NEEDED
❑ EXPECTED OUTPUT Project Cost
The detailed expenses of the project
Proposed Project Plan

• Front Page - Cover Page (Title of the “Chance favors only the prepared minds.” – Louis
Project and Names of the members of the Pasteur
group)
• Second page – up
• Project Title: Write the project title
• Project Objectives
➢ 2 – 3 Objectives (It should follow
SMART)
▪ S – Specific
▪ M – Measurable
▪ A – Attainable
▪ R – Realistic
▪ T – Time bound
 THE PROJECT
Projects, as defined by the Webster’s Dictionaries
are planned undertakings.
• Other authors used design instead of
project, and on this purpose they mean the
same thing.
What is Design?
The word “design” is often used as a
generic term that refers to anything that was
made by a conscious human effort.
Design is also a process that is used to
systematically solve problems.
What is a Design Process?
A design process is a systematic problem-
solving strategy, with criteria and constraints, used
to develop many possible solutions to solve or
satisfy human needs or wants and to narrow down
the possible solutions to one final choice
• Example 1: Design Process
1. Identifying problems and opportunities
2. Framing a design brief
3. Investigation and research
4. Generating alternative solutions
5. Choosing a solution
6. Developmental work
7. Modeling and prototyping
8. Testing and evaluating
9. Redesigning and improving
• Example 2: Design Process
1. Define a Problem
 Receive a problem to solve from the
client.
 Gather information.
 Be inspired through media exposure
of a current problem and take action.
2. Brainstorm
 A group problem-solving process in
which each person in the group
presents ideas in an open forum.
 Generate and record ideas.
 Keep the mind alert through rapidly
paced sessions.
 Develop preliminary ideas
3. Research and Generate Ideas
 Conduct interviews with those
affected by the problem.
 Research solutions that may already
exist; identify shortcomings and
reasons why they aren’t appropriate
to a given situation.
 Compile ideas and report findings to
the team.
4. Identify Criteria and Specify
Constraints
 Identify what the solution should do
and the degree to which the solution
will be pursued.
 Identify constraints (i.e., budget and
time are typical considerations).
 Draft the Design
5. Explore Possibilities
 Consider further development of
brainstorming ideas with constraints
and tradeoffs.
 Explore alternative ideas based on
further knowledge and technologies.
6. Select an Approach
 Review brainstormed information
and answer any lingering questions.
 Narrow ideas down through a voting
process, or by use of a decision
matrix.
 Decide on final idea, usually through
group consensus
7. Develop a Design Proposal
 Explore the idea in greater detail
with annotated sketches.
 Make critical decisions such as
material types and manufacturing
methods.
 Generate through computer models
detailed sketches to further refine
the idea.
 Produce working drawings so the
idea can be built
 8. Make a Model or Prototype
 Make models to help communicate
the idea, and study aspects such as
shape, form, fit, or texture.
 Construct a prototype from the
working drawings, so the solution
can be tested.
9. Test and Evaluate the Design using
Specifications
 Design experiments and test the
prototype in controlled and working
environments.
 Gather performance data; analyze
and check results against
established criteria.
 Conduct a formal critique to flesh out
areas of concerns, identify
shortcomings, and establish any
need for redesign work.
10. Refine the Design
 Make design changes; modify or
rebuild the prototype.
 Make refinements until accuracy and
repeatability of the prototype’s
performance results are consistent.
 Update documentation to reflect
changes.
 Receive user’s critique to provide
outside perspective to help
determine if established criteria have
been met
11. Communicate Processes and Results
These projects usually possess various
elements which can be categorized namely as:
Project Objectives
• This element tries to answer what your
project aims to do and what the project is
for.
Project Boundaries
• This element specifies the scope and
limitations of your project.
Project Location
• Specifies where the project will be
implemented.
Project Target Beneficiaries
• For which group is the project and who
would benefit from its implementation is
addressed by this element.
Project Duration
• Planners must decide upon a particular
schedule when the project will be executed
and up to when it shall be implemented.
Project Methodologies
• What techniques or procedures shall be
used by the group to deliver the project is
clarified in this element.
Project Cost
• This element will be based on the expected
expenses your class shall incur in the event
that the project is implemented.
THE PROJECT DEVELOPMENT CYCLE
• Projects may be differentiated according to
its purpose, objectives, target beneficiaries,
duration and scope. However, all projects
are subject to undergo a similar process.
This process is referred to as: The Project
Development Cycle.
PHASE ONE: PROJECT IDENTIFICATION
During this phase in the project
development cycle, the “planners” undergo the
process of searching for potential projects directed
to achieve their goals.
PHASE TWO: PROJECT PREPARATION
Once a particular project has been agreed
upon, the next step would be to involve the
planners to determine how and when the project
will be implemented.
PHASE THREE: PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
Finally, the plans are executed during this
stage. The project is carried-out by the assigned
persons for the target beneficiaries during the set
schedule.
PHASE FOUR: PROJECT EVALUATION
Sometime after the project has been
implemented, an evaluation is usually conducted to
determine whether the project objectives has been
realized, and if so, to what extent.