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in

Triangles
CH 6 Maths | Class 10
Notes + 10 Years Integrated PYQ's
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 Triangles

* similar
figures
Two the shape ( and the
figures having same
similar
not
necessarily same

size) are called

figure .

For
lenampk : The
given below
square are similar

*
Congruent figures
The the
equal all
' '

word
congruent aspects
means in on

figure
whose shape and
size
are same

For
lenampk : The
given below
square are
congruent

* similar
Polygons
Two said to be similar each other
polygons are to ,
if :

it Their equal
corresponding their
angles are
,
and
it The
length of corresponding sides are
proportional .
lenampk
Any two
proportional
line
segments are similar since
length are

e .

12

two circle similar

proportional
Any are since radii are

hi h
2

Any two
squares are similar since
corresponding angles
are
equal and
length are
proportional

similar
Any two
triangles
A
are
P
,
if their

B c Q R

t bonus
pouching angles are
equal
LA =
<p
<B =
< Q
L c =L R
it bares proportional
pondering sides
-

are

Apf FIR Begg

-

= -
* Thales Theorem or Basic
Proportionality Theory
Theorem 1 :

State and
prove Thales .
Theorem
Statement
intersect
If a line
other
is drawn
parallel to one side
of the triangle
a

other
to
the two sides
the
in distinct
points ,
two sides
are divided in same ratio .

M N

E
D

B C

Given In
To Prove
: 0 ABC
,
DEH BC
:

FIB ELI
=

foust : Draw EMI AD Ef BNIAE .

Join B to E and C to D

Proof : In o

AtloADE)_
ADE Cy OBDE

I
× AD x Em
lil [ Area ofo=¥xbxh]
ADIB
=
=
-

Ale (DB DE) ↳ em

±

In ( DADE) and ( OCDE)

DN
Th ( DADE) I AE × x

Etc
= =

× EC x DN
Ar ( OLDE) I

HBC [ Given]
:
-

DE

.
:
Dee ( OBDE)
Arlo =
E)
From lil Iii) Liii) , ,

FF. ET
-
-
* Criteria for
Similarity of Triangles
→ AAA Similarity
it equal
theangles
then their
trianglessidesif corresponding
In two are
, ,

corresponding in are
the
same ratio ie .

they
are
similar
proportional and hence two
triangles are

lit
If two
angles ofanothertriangle respectively
one

then
equal are to two

of L because the triangle

anglessimilar the ,
2
triangles
are
3rd
bywill anglebe sum
property of it a

triangle ,
their
angle also
equal) and is
called AAA .

Sss
→
similarity
In two
triangles ifratio
,
sides
of the sides
triangle one are
proportional to
lie .
in
their
the same )
of the other
triangle
then
corresponding anglessimilar are
equal and hence
the two
triangles are .

SAS
→
Similarity
angleandof
the
If one a
triangle is
equal to
angle of
one
other
the two
triangle triangle are similar .

The ratio the

of sides areas
of two
triangles is
equal to the

corresponding
and OPQR
If ABC similar then
o are
,

aaeis.T.it#T--HrrT-tEaT
* Theorem 2

The ratio similar

of the area
of two
trianglessides
is

equal to the ratio

of their
corresponding
( Derivation is deleted from 2021 Syllabus )
Theorem
*
Pythagoras
Theorem 3 :

Theorem
State and Prove
Pythagoras
Prove that in a
night the
triangle ,
the
square of the
hypotenuse is

equal to the sum

of squares of the other two sides

Given : o ABC is a
right triangle right angled
-
at B .

To Prove BE
'
: AB t = AT

foust : Draw BDI AC

Proof : Ino's ABC

Ef
ADB

D
u

A B

LA =
LA - ( common)
LA BC =
LADB - L Lack 900)

( AA
Similarity )
: .
o ABC no ADB -
 Hides proportional)
'

Aff Aat
- -
=
-
are

ABI = AC .
AD
Now in o ABC and a BDC
< c = <c - ( common)
( ABC =L BDC - ( loach ai)

i. o ABC no BDC - ( AA
Similarity )
: .

7¥
=

ABI -
[ Sides are
proportional]
BC
'
=
AC Dc - -
( ii )

lil audliil
on
adding ,
we
get
A- BZ t BE =
ACAD t AC .
DC

ABZ BE t = AC .
( AD TDC)
AB't BE = AC -

AC
.
'

. A BZ t BE = Ah

Theorem
* Converse
of Pythagoras
Theorem 4 :

Theorem
State and Prove converse
of Pythagoras
Prove that equal
trianglethe if square of the
in a
,
one side is
the other sides
of squares of side is
to sum 2

then the
angle opposite the
F
first a
right angle .

A B D E
 Levin
' '
In
'
: 0 ABC AB t BC = AC
,

To Prove :
L ABC = 900

right angled
Const : Draw a ODEF in which DE = AB and EF -

-
BC

Proof : In o ABC
Ad
given
lil [
' '
AB t BC =
-

In ht .
DD EF

theorem)
[
by Pythagoras
' '
DE t EF = DEZ
AB
'
t BE = DFZ [ DE = AB ,
EF -
BD
From lil and Cii )

DFZ
-
AC =

Ac =
Df

Wow ,

DE = AB . . . [
by cont )
EF BC [ cont]
by
=
.
. .

DF = Ac . . .
[ proved ]
above

congruence]
i .
OD EF E D ABC - - -
[Sss
-
'

.
LD EF = L ABC . . . [ CPCT
)
LDEF = 95 [
by const ]
L ABC 900
' -

.
-
-

Derivations to all the theorems are also present word to word in the NCERT.
 IRT ANGLE THEOREMS
ITE OREM
-
-
6.9 :

If a line is drawn
parallel to one side
of a
triangle to intersect the other two sides in distinct
points the
,

other two sides are divided in the same ratio

A
.

Ng '
.
M
- -
- .
- '

D f -
.
-
. .
× -

I E
. .

"
-

t -
-
-

-
- -
-
-

y
-

B
-
-
-

'
y
'

Ioof
-
.
'

*
,

:
.
.
.
.

i.

We are
given
a
triangle ABC in which a line
parallel to side BC intersects other two sides AB and AC at

respectively
D and E .

We need to that
IBI LIFE
-

prove
= .

Let BE then draw DM I AC and EN t AB

join
and CD and
-

us .

Now ,
area
of A ADE
f- Iz base x
height ) -

IAD x EN .

So , ARCADE ) I = A- DX EN

Similarly ,
ar ( BD E) I= DBXEH

ARCADE) -

-
I A- Ex DM and ar ( DEC ) -
-
IEC x DM

Therefore ,
ARCADES =
D×EN = AI
g
ar (BDE) -2 DB × EN DB
 and ,
arCADEI=IAExD = AI

ar ( DEC ) IEC x DM EC

Note that DBDE and DEC the base DE and between the BC
are on same same
parallels and DE .

/
theorem 6.1
o

o .

If line in the then the line

a divides
any
two sides
of a
triangle same ratio ,
is
parallel
to the

third side .
A

'

E
-
- -7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

E
↳P
-
-
-
-

y
-
-
.

B c

This theorem line that and that

can be
proved by taking a DE such
A¥=f¥Ez assuming
DE

is not
parallel
to BC .

line
If DE is not
parallel
to BC , draw
'

DE
a
parallel to BC .

So
Aage AI
=
,
'

E- C

Therefore ,

Aet =Ae

THEOREM
-
6.38
-

If in two
triangles corresponding angles
,
are
equal ,
then their
corresponding sides are in the
D
same ratio

A
( or
proportion) and hence the two
triangle are similar .

P• . - - - - - - - -
•
- Q
C
B
F
E
 Given : Two triangles DABC and DDEF such that A -
-
D , B -
- E and

C = F

to prove : A ABC -
DDEF

Construction : Draw P and Q on DE and DF such that DP -

- AB and DA -
- AC

PO
respectively
and ioin .

Proof :

In DABC and DDPQ -

AB -
-
DP

LA = LD
D
AC =
DQ

DABC I DDPQ A

LB -
- LP
* - -
- - - - - - -
•
- 9

But LB LE -
- ) )
,
C F
B E
Thus ,
LP = LE

For lines PA and EF with transversal PE ,

LP and LE are
corresponding angles ,
and they are
equal .

Hence ,
PQHEF

By Theorem
FEI fff 7¥ FI
6.9 -
-

,
-
-

*
Adding l both the
'
on sides :

P +1=7%+9
QftDQ
PEypD# =

DO

DI = DI
DP DQ
 DI = DI
DE DF

And construction DP
by AB and DQ AC
-
= -

AI = AI
DE DF

Similarly ,
we can
prove
that ;

Are = BI
DE Ef

Therefore ,

¥I=¥÷=B¥
Since all sides in
proportion
:
,
are

o : D ABC ~ DDEF

Hence
proved .

THEOREM
-
-
6.4 (Sss ) -
:

other
If in two
triangles ,
sides
of one
triangle are
proportional to the sides of the
triangle ,
then their
corresponding
angles are
equal and hence

D
the two
triangle are similar .

P - - - •
- -
Q
•-
- - -

B C E F

Given :

A ABC and DDEF that

¥I= Iffy ,f¥
,
such =

To :
- prove
-

LA = LD ,
L B -
-
LE ,
LC -
- LF and D ABC ~ A DEF .

Construction
0
o

Draw P Q that DP PA
and on DE and DF such AB and DO AC
respectively and
join
-
- .
-
-
 Prod :

Given ;
AI = CI
DE DF

And DP -
- AB ,
DO -
- AC

DI = DI
DE DE

DI =
DI
DP DQ

Subtracting 9 on both sides

7¥ a
FI a
-
-
- -

DE -
DP = DF -
DO
- -

DP DQ

PI = QI
DP DO

DP = DO
PI FF

Using Theorem 6.2 = PQHEF .

Now ,

For lines PQ and EF

,
for lines PA and EF ,

with transversal PE with transversal OF

LP = LE -
④ LA -
-
LF -

In DDPQ and D. DEF

LP = LE

L D= LF

DDPQ n DDEF

fed '=I÷
" ' =

,
 Also ,

¥÷=¥f=f¥ } Given

and AB -
-
DP and CA -
-
QD

thus
¥7 Eee Eff
-
-
-
, -
-

From and

PI
7¥ =

EF

: BC = Pcs - ④

In DABC and DDPO ;

AB = DP

AC = DO

BC =
pg

DABCE DDPQ

.° . LB = LP

L C = LO

LA -
- LD

But from ④

LP = LE and LQ= LF

Therefore ,

LB = LP = CE

and LC -
-
Lo -
- L F -
①

Therefore ,

In D ABC and A DEF

LB = LE

LC = LF

i . DABC n D DEF

Hence proved .
THEOREM
-
6.5 ( SAS )
- -
8

If one
angle of a
triangle is equal to one
angle of
the other D and sides
including these
angles are

proportional then the

triangles are similar .

D
✓

A
U

P
. . - - - - - - - - - a
- Q

B C E F

Given :

Two
triangles DABC and DDEF such that LA LD
DAEI Appt
-
-
=
,

To 8 A ABC DDEF
prior
~
.

Construction : Draw P and Q on DE and DF such that DP AB-

-
and DO = Ac
respectively and
join Pa .

Pref :

Given ,

AI = CI
DE DF

And DP = Dd
je DF

7¥ DI
-
-

DB

Subtracting 9 on both the sides

7¥ t.FI - -
i

DE -
DP =Dt
Dpt DQ

PE -
- AI
DQ

DP =
Dose
pet OF
Using Theorem 6.2 = PO HEE .

Now ,

)
For lines PA and EF For lines PO and EF

with transversal PE with transversal OF

LP = LE - ⑨ LO = LE -

Now ,

In DABC and DDPQ

AB =
DP

LA = LD

AC = DO

DABC ± DDPQ

:O LB = LP

(C -

-
LQ

But
from ⑨
LP = LE and LO -
- LF

Therefore ,

LB = LP -
- LE -
⑤
and LC =L 9=2 F - ①

Therefore ,

In DABC and DDEF

LB = LE ( from iv )

(
LC LF
from v )
-
-

o : D ABC E DDEF

Hence
proved .
 THEOREM
-
-
6.6 :

The ratio the similar

triangles
two is the their sides
of areas
of equal to
square of ratio
of corresponding .

P
A !
'
I
.

i. :
i
i
im in
B c Q R
µ, N

Given : D ABC -
D POR

E pree :
aarrff.BA#=fApBaY=fBacj=fAfj
Construction : Draw AM 1. BC and PNIQR -

Ioof :

ar ( ABC) = I × Base x
Height ar (POR) = I x Base x
Height
=L x BC × AM - ⑨ =L × OR x PN -
④

①
Dividing and

I X BC x AM
ar
- = # Bc)
ar ( POR) Iz × QRX PN

arCAB# =BCxA -
AO
ar ( POR) AR X PN

In D ABM and DPAN

LB -
-
LO LM -
-
LN
,

D ABM N D PON

Afif AI BO
o
:
= -

PN

From CA)

arCAB# =
BCx
arcpgpg Pax PN

From (B)

aarrff.fr#-- :# x'
¥.
-
②
 Now ,

Given DABC N D POR

a÷= :# '¥
=

Putting Ccl
'

aaieap.fi#axtEa--fA*
Now
again using Aptos iff 7¥
-
- =
,

adf.is#=faH=EsE=GAaT
Hence toured .

-
THEOREM 6. F
-
o

If a
perpendicular is drawn from the vertex
of the
right angle of a
right D to the
hypotenuse then
right D

sides
perpendicular similar to the whole each other
on both of the are
triangle and to .

: "

÷ C
A D

Given 8 DABC
right angled at B and
perpendicular from B
intersecting AC at D .

to pride 8 DAD B n DA BC

DBDC N D ABC

and D ADB n D BDC

Ioof :

In DADB and D ABC

LA = LA

LA DB = L ABC

D ADB ~ DABC -
④
 Similarly .

In DBDC and D ABC

L C = LC

( BDC = LA BC

D BDC ~ D ABC -

From ① and

DAD B N DA BC and DBDC ~ DABC

the
If one D is similar to another
triangle ,
second
triangle is similar to the third D ,
then first and

similar
third
triangle are .

% DAD B n DBDC

Hence
proved .

theorem 6£ (
Pythagoras Therein ) :

If a
right D. the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of other two sides

Y
l

l
'
7
C
'

A D

Given : A ABC
right angle at B .

to prove 8 ACE AB't Be

Construction 8 Draw BDI AC

Perot :

Since BDI AC
.

DADB ~ D ABC DBDC ~ DABC

Theorem 6.7
Using since ,
the sides of similar since .
the sides of similar D

D are in the same ratio , are in the same ratio

,

AI = Are CD = Be
AB AC BC AC

AD . AC = A.BZ - ⑨ CD . AC = BCZ -
Theo REM 6
-
-
.
9 8

In D if side is the the the other two sides then the

a , square of one
equal to sum
of square of ,
angle
opposite to the
first
side is a
right angle .

B C

Given 8 A
triangle ABC in which ACE ABI BC
'

II prove % LB = 900

Construction 8 Draw D POR

right angled at Q ,
such that PA -
- AB and OR = Bc .

A p

B C R
g

Pref :

In DPQR ,

29=900
Theorem
By Pythagoras ,

PRZ = Pg 't BRZ

Since PO -
- AB and BR -
- BC

P R2 = ABI Ba - ④

Also that
given .

AB't BC
"
AC =
-

From ④ and ④
PRZ = ACZ

PR = AC -
 In A ABC and D PAR

AC = PR

AB -

-
Pg

BC = OR

:
o D ABC E D POR

L Be LQ

Since 20=900

: . LB = 900

Hence
proved .
 Previous Year Questions

1. The perimeters of two similar triangles ∆ABC and ∆PQR are

35cm and 45cm respectively, then the ratio of the areas of the
two triangles is
[1M, 2018]
A1. 49 : 81

2. In ∆DEW, AB || EW. If AD = 4 cm, DE = 12 cm and DW = 24

cm, then find the value of DB.
[1M, 2017]
A2. Let BD = x cm
then BW = (24 – x) cm, AE = 12 – 4 = 8 cm
In ∆DEW, AB || EW
3. If ∆ABC ~ ∆PQR, perimeter of ∆ABC = 32 cm, perimeter of
∆PQR = 48 cm and PR = 6 cm, then find the length of AC.
[1M, 2017]
A3. ∆ABC ~ ∆PQR …[Given

4. ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF. If AB = 4 cm, BC = 3.5 cm, CA = 2.5 cm and

DF = 7.5 cm, find the perimeter of ∆DEF.
[1M, 2017]
A4. ∆ABC – ∆DEF …[Given

5. If ∆ABC ~ ∆RPQ, AB = 3 cm, BC = 5 cm, AC = 6 cm, RP = 6

cm and PQ = 10, then find QR
[1M, 2014]
A5. ∆ABC ~ ∆RPQ …[Given

∴ QR = 12 cm
6. In ∆ABC, DE || BC, find the value of x.

[1M, 2015]
A6. In ∆ABC, DE || BC …[Given

x(x + 5) = (x + 3)(x + 1)
x2 + 5x = x2 + 3x + x + 3
x2 + 5x – x2 – 3x – x = 3
∴ x = 3 cm

7. In the given figure, XY || QR, PQ/XQ=7/3 and PR = 6.3 cm,

find YR.

[1M, 2017]
 A7. Let YR = x
PQ/XQ=PR/YR … [Thales’ theorem

8. The lengths of the diagonals of a rhombus are 24 cm and 32

cm. Calculate the length of the altitude of the rhombus.
[1M, 2013]
A8. Diagonals of a rhombus are ⊥ bisectors of each other.
∴ AC ⊥ BD,
OA = OC = AC2⇒242 = 12 cm
OB = OD = BD2⇒322 = 16 cm
 In rt. ∆BOC,

9. If PQR is an equilateral triangle and PX ⊥ QR, find the value of

PX2.
[1M, 2013]
A9. Altitude of an equilateral ∆,
10. .

[2M, 2020]
A10.

11. In an equilateral triangle, prove that three times the square of

one side is equal to four times the square of one of its
altitudes.
 [2M, 2020]
A11.

12. X and Y are points on the sides AB and AC respectively of a

triangle ABC such that AX/AB=1/4, AY = 2 cm and YC = 6 cm.
Find whether XY || BC or not.
[2M, 2015]
A12. Given AX/AB = ¼
 AX = 1K, AB = 4K
∴ BX = AB – AX
= 4K – 1K = 3K
AX/XB = 1K/3K = 1/3
AY/YC = 2/6 = 1/3 ∴ AX/XB = AY/YC
∴ XY || BC ….. { By converse theorem

13. In the given figure, ∠A = 90°, AD ⊥ BC. If BD = 2 cm and CD =

8 cm, find AD.

[2M, 2017]
A13. ∆ADB ~ ∆CDA …[If a perpendicular is drawn from the
vertex of the right angle of a rt. ∆ to the hypotenuse then As on
both sides of the ⊥ are similar to the whole D and to each other

∴ BD/AD=AD/CD …[∵ Sides are proportional

AD2 = BD . DC
AD2 = (2) (8) = 16 ⇒ AD = 4 cm
14. A 6.5 m long ladder is placed against a wall such that its foot
is at a distance of 2.5 m from the wall. Find the height of the
wall where the top of the ladder touches it.
[2M, 2015]
A14. Let AC be the ladder and AB be the wall.

∴Required height, AB = 6 m

15. In the figure ABC and DBC are two right triangles. Prove that
AP × PC = BP × PD.

[2M, 2013]
A15. .
 In ∆APB and ∆DPC,
∠1 = ∠4 … [Each = 90°
∠2 = ∠3 …[Vertically opp. ∠s
∴ ∆APB ~ ∆DPC …[AA corollary
⇒ BP/PC=AP/PD … [Sides are proportional
∴ AP × PC = BP × PD

16. In the given figure, QA ⊥ AB and PB ⊥ AB. If AO = 20 cm, BO

= 12 cm, PB = 18 cm, find A

[2M, 2017]
A16.
 In ∆OAQ and ∆OBP,
∠OAQ = ∠OBP … [Each 90°
∠AOQ = ∠BOP … [vertically opposite angles

17. If two similar triangles have a scale factor of a: b. Which

statement regarding the two triangles is true?
[2021 Sample Paper]

a) The ratio of their perimeters is 3a : b

b) Their altitudes have a ratio a:b
c) Their medians have a ratio 𝑎/2 : b
d) Their angle bisectors have a ratio a2 : b2
 A17. b) Their altitudes have a ratio a:b

18. If triangle ABC is right angled at C, then the value of sec

(A+B) is
[2020]

a) 0
b) 1
c) 2/√3
d) Not defined

A18. d) not defined

19. In the figure, if ∠BAC = 90° and AD ⊥ BC. Then,

[NCERT Exemplar]

a) BD . CD = BC2
 b) AB . AC = BC2
c) BD . CD = AD2
d) AB . AC = AD2

A19. c) BD . CD = AD2

20. The lengths of the diagonals of a rhombus are 16 cm and 12

cm. Then, the length of the side of the rhombus is
[NCERT Exemplar]

a) 9 cm
b) 10 cm
c) 8 cm
d) 20 cm

A20. b) 10 cm

21. If ∆ABC ~ ∆EDF and ∆ABC is not similar to ∆DEF, then which
of the following is not true?
[NCERT Exemplar]

a) BC . EF = AC . FD
b) AB . EF = AC . DE
 c) BC . DE = AB . EF
d) BC . DE = AB . FD

A21. c) BC . DE = AB . EF

22. In the figure, two line segments AC and BD intersect each

other at the point P such that PA = 6 cm, PB = 3 cm, PC = 2.5
cm, PD = 5 cm, ∠APB = 50° and ∠CDP = 30°. Then, ∠ PBA is
equal to

[NCERT Exemplar]

a) 50°
b) 30°
c) 60°
d) 100°

A22. d) 100°
23. The perimeters of two similar triangles are 25cm and 15cm
respectively. If one side of the first triangle is 9cm, find the
length of the corresponding side of the second triangle.
[3M, 2021]
A23.

24. In an equilateral triangle ABC, D is a point on side BC such

that BD = 1/3 BC. Prove that 9 AD2 = 7 AB2
[3M, 2020]
A24.
25. .

[3M, 2018]
A25.
26. In given figure, EB ⊥ AC, BG ⊥ AE and CF ⊥ AE
Prove that:
(a) ∆ABG ~ ∆DCB
(b) BC/BD = BE/BA

[3M, 2015]
 A26.

Given: EB ⊥ AC, BG ⊥ AE and CF ⊥ AE.

To prove: (a) ∆ABG – ∆DCB,
(b) BC/BD=B/EBA
Proof: (a) In ∆ABG and ∆DCB,
∠2 = ∠5 … [each 90°
∠6 = ∠4 … [corresponding angles
∴ ∆ABG ~ ∆DCB … [By AA similarity
(Hence Proved)
∴ ∠1 = ∠3 …(CPCT … [In ~∆s, corresponding angles are
equal

(b) In ∆ABE and ∆DBC,

∠1 = ∠3 …(proved above
∠ABE = ∠5 … [each is 90°, EB ⊥ AC (Given)
∆ABE ~ ∆DBC … [By AA similarity
BC/BD=BE/BA
… [In ~∆s, corresponding sides are proportional
∴ BC/BD=BE/BA (Hence Proved)

27. In ∆ABC, if AP ⊥ BC and AC2 = BC2 – AB2, then prove that

PA2 = PB × CP
[3M, 2015]
A27.
 AC2 = BC2 – AB2 …Given
AC2 + AB2 = BC2
∴ ∠BAC = 90° … [By converse of Pythagoras’ theorem
∆APB ~ ∆CPA

[If a perpendicular is drawn from the vertex of the right angle

of a triangle to the hypotenuse then As on both sides of the
perpendicular are similar to the whole triangle and to each other.

∴ APCP=PBPA … [In ~∆s, corresponding sides are

proportional
∴ PA2 = PB. CP (Hence Proved)

28. Show that in a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is

equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides.
[4M, 2018]
A28. Given: A right triangle ABC right angled at B.
To prove: AC2 = AB2 + BC2
Construction: Draw BD ⊥ AC
Proof: In ADB and ABC
ADB = ABC (each 90°)
 BAD = CAB (common)

ADB ~ ABC (By AA similarity criterion)

Now, AD/AB = AB/AC (corresponding sides are proportional)
AB2 = AD × AC …….…(i)
Similarly BDC ~ ABC
BC2 = CD × AC ………..…(ii)
Adding (1) and (2)
AB2 + BC2 = AD × AC + CD × AC
AB2 + BC2 = AC × (AD + CD)
AB2 + BC2 = AC2 , Hence Proved

29. Prove that the ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is
equal to the ratio of the squares of their corresponding sides.
[4M, 2018]
A29.
30. In a rectangle ABCD, E is middle point of AD. If AD = 40 m
and AB = 48 m, then find EB.
[4M, 2014]
A30.
 E is the mid-point of AD …[Given
AE = 40/2 = 20 m
∠A = 90° …[Angle of a rectangle
In rt. ∆BAE,
EB2 = AB2 + AE2 …[Pythagoras’ theorem
= (48)2 + (20)2
= 2304 + 400 = 2704
∴ EB = √2704 = 52 m

31. In the given figure, AD = 3 cm, AE = 5 cm, BD = 4 cm, CE = 4

cm, CF = 2 cm, BF = 2.5 cm, then find the pair of parallel lines
and hence their lengths.

[4M, 2015]
A31.
Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion
(A) is followed by a statement of reason (R) . Mark the correct
choice as:
 a. Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are correct and
reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
b. Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are correct but
reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
c. Assertion (A) is correct, reason (R) is incorrect
d. Assertion (A) is incorrect, reason (R) is correct

32. Assertion : If the hypotenuse and an acute angle of one right

triangle is equal to the hypotenuse and corresponding acute angle
of another right triangle, then those two Δs are congruent.

Reason : By RHS property, the two right Δs are congruent.

A32. Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are correct and reason
. is the correct explanation of assertion.

33. Assertion : If the two triangles have the same perimeter, then
they are congruent.

Reason : If under a given correspondence, the three sides of

one triangle are equal to the three of the other triangle, then
the two triangles are congruent.

A32. Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are correct and reason is
. the correct explanation of assertion.