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A BIG DATA ANALYTICS STUDY: CHALLENGES, ENGINEERING TRANSACTIONS

UNRESOLVED RESEARCH ISSUES, AND e-ISSN: 2583-0414

Article id: MCET0301003
TECHNIQUES Vol-3, Issue-1
Received: 15 Dec 2021
YOGESH V. PATIL*, SAGAR O. MANJARE Revised: 25 Jan 2022
Accepted: 27 Jan 2022

Citation: Patil, Y. V., & Manjare, S. O. (2022). A Big Data Analytics Study: Challenges, Unresolved Research Issues, and
Techniques. Mazedan Computer Engineering Transactions, 3(1), 13-20.

Abstract
Every day, modern information systems and digital technologies such as the Internet of Things and cloud computing
generate massive volumes of data in the terabyte range. In order to get useful information from such vast amounts of
data, it is necessary to expend considerable time and effort at various levels of analysis. There is a lot of interest in big
data analysis at the moment. It is our goal to examine the impact that big data challenges, unsolved research questions,
and related tools may have. As a result, this article serves as a starting point for further exploration of big data.
Researchers now have a fresh starting point from which to build a solution based on the problems and unsolved research
questions.
Keywords: Big data analytics; Hadoop; Massive data; Structured data; Unstructured Data

1. INTRODUCTION In a digital world, there are numerous sources of data, and

the quick change to digital technologies has resulted in the
The fast move from digital technologies has led to the
production of big data. Massive datasets allow for
production of big data. It offers evolutionary gains in a
evolutionary progress in a wide range of fields. “Data
wide number of disciplines using enormous datasets. Data
warehouses” refer to large and complex datasets that can't
warehouses are large, complex datasets that are difficult
be processed using standard database management tools
to manage using standard database administration tools or
or data processing programmes. A significant amount of
data processing software. According to this definition,
quickly increasing and massively enormous data, as well
“big data” refers to a large amount of data that is rapidly
as a volume of data that cannot be processed using
expanding, as well as data whose volume is so large that
standard procedures, are all examples of “big data”
it cannot be handled using normal methods.

Figure 1 Characteristics of Big Data

Figure 2 The 8Vs of Big Data

Siddhant College of Management Studies, Sudumbre, Maharashtra,

India
*Corresponding author email- manyogesh@gmail.com
MAZEDAN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS REVIEW [e-ISSN: 2583-0929]
The goal of big data analysis is to handle large amounts of
data quickly and accurately utilising traditional and
computationally sophisticated methods, M. Kakhani et al
(2015). Gandomi and Haider discussed several of these
information extraction strategies. Figure 1 shows the
definition of big data. The actual meaning of big data is
unknown, and it is believed to be situation specific.
Innovating and cost-effectively optimising decision-
making, insight discovery, and optimization
The worldwide big data and business analytics market is
expected to reach $198.08 billion in 2020 and $684.12
billion in 2030. (alliedmarketresearch.com, 2022). Big
data is a potent catalyst for the third platform, which
combines big data, cloud computing, internet of things,
and social business. Often used to handle large datasets.
Obtaining precise insight from big data is critical here.
Most data mining methods struggle with large datasets.
The main issue with big data analysis is the lack of
coordination between database systems and analytical
tools like data mining and statistical analysis. These issues
occur when we seek to find and express information for
practical use. A crucial issue is quantifying big data's core
properties. Data revolution needs epistemic implications,
R. Kitchin (2014). The study of big data complexity will
also assist understand the fundamental features and
development of complex patterns, simplify
representation, improve knowledge abstraction, and lead
the design of big data computing models and algorithms.
Many scholars have studied big data and its tendencies,
including V. Lopez et al (2014). However, not all large
data is valuable for analysis or decision making. Big data
results are of interest to both industry and academics. This
article focuses on big data difficulties and solutions.
2. BIG DATA ANALYTICS ISSUES
Massive amounts of data have been generated recently in
fields such as health care and multidisciplinary scientific
study. Social computing, online text and document
storage, and search indexing all use massive data. Using
ISI, IEEE Xplorer, Scopus, and Thomson Reuters. It
opens new study avenues for young scholars. But issues
frequently lead to solutions.
Dealing with huge data presents several issues. Big data
analysis requires knowledge of computational difficulties,
information security, and computational methods. Many
statistical procedures not scale well to massive data sets.
The same is true for various computer techniques. Many
scholars, A. Sethi et al., studied the difficulties facing the
health industry (2013). Most firms deploy data initiatives
without appropriate planning. Projects frequently stagnate
or provide no results. According to a 2017 NewVantage
Partners Big Data Executive study, 95% of Fortune 1000
corporate executives had started a data project. But less
than half of these efforts produced a demonstrable effect.
Big data must be correctly understood and processed to be
successful. Before attempting to harness the power of
data, organisations must have a clear aim in mind.
Frameworks and procedures must also be established.
They must also hire people with appropriate
understanding.
Other Big Data Challenges include dealing with data
growth. According to IDC's Digital Universe research,
14
data held in IT systems doubles every two years. Growing
amounts of unstructured data Organising unstructured
data takes time. It's also hard to store and process. The
latest generation of ETL and analytics technologies helps
speed up report development. We will be able to create
real-time reports eventually, but not yet. Unstructured
data, or data in many formats, can make validation
difficult. Data governance is the process of bringing data
together. It also assures data accuracy and usability.
According to AtScale's 2016 Big Data Maturity Survey,
data governance is an increasing problem. Data security is
an increasing issue. Data is increasingly being targeted by
APTs and hackers. Data security, especially sensitive data
like customer financial information, is a major concern for
businesses. It is grouped into four categories: data storage
and analysis, knowledge discovery and computational
complexity, scalability and data visualisation. These
points are briefly addressed below.
3. DATA STORAGE AND ANALYSIS
Mobile devices, aerial sensing, remote sensing, RFID
readers, etc. have all increased data size in recent years.
Due to a shortage of storage capacity, some data are
ignored or destroyed. Large data analysis requires quicker
storage and input/output. Data accessibility is vital for
knowledge discovery and representation in many cases.
The key reason is to allow future research. However, it
performs worse on random input/output than sequential.
So, SSD and PCM were created. But existing storage
technologies can't handle enormous data.
Big Data analysis is also hampered by data diversity. As
datasets grew, so did data mining tasks. Working with
large datasets necessitates data reduction, filtering, and
feature selection. New challenge for researchers. So that
high-dimensional data may be processed fast. Automation
and new machine learning methods to ensure consistency
have proved tough. Then there is large data clustering.
Recent technologies like Hadoop and MapReduce allow
for quick data collecting. One of the key engineering
difficulties is gaining insight from data. To do so, semi-
structured or unstructured data is transformed into
structured data and then mined. Das and Kumar discussed
a data analysis framework (2013). Das et al. also explored
data analysis for public tweets in their article. The key
challenge is to design storage systems and data analysis
tools that work with data from several sources. Ensuring
scalability and efficiency of data analysis techniques with
machine learning.
Theoretical Complexity and Knowledge Discovery
Discovery and representation of knowledge is a large data
challenge. Information retrieval is one of the most
important subfields in information security. It.Jolliffe
(2002) mentions a few strategies for knowledge
acquisition and representation such as the fuzzy set and
rough set. To solve real-world challenges, several
hybridization strategies are created. These methods are
problem specific. A sequential computer may not be able
to handle some of these strategies. Nevertheless, certain
strategies are scalable to parallel computers. Because big
data is growing rapidly in size, the technologies available
to process it may not be efficient. Data warehouses and
data marts are the most common huge dataset
15 A Big Data Analytics Study: Challenges, Unresolved Research… © Patil, Y. V., & Manjare, S. O. (2022)

management tools. A data warehouse stores data from Although significant study has been done on large data
operational systems, whereas a data mart stores data from security, it still needs improvement. Determining a multi-
a data warehouse and allows for analysis. level data model for huge data is difficult.
Large datasets require more compute. The key difficulty 4. KEY RESEARCH QUESTIONS IN BIG DATA
is uncertainty and contradictions in data. Computing ANALYTICS
complexity is usually modelled methodically. Big Data
Increasingly, businesses and colleges are using big data
may be difficult to mathematically model. However,
analytics. Data science is the study of big data. Big data
recognising a domain's complexity enables for
applications include machine learning, statistical learning,
straightforward data analytics. A large data analytics
pattern recognition, data warehousing, and signal
breakthrough might impact various sectors. Many studies
processing. Predicting future events with technology and
and surveys have been conducted utilising machine
analysis. This section addresses big data research
learning approaches with low memory requirements.
questions. IoT, cloud computing, bio-inspired computing,
These studies aim to reduce computing costs and
and quantum computing are key research areas in big data
difficulties. Sing (2014).
analysis. But it's not only these. Husing Kuo et al. (2013)
But existing large data analysis methods struggle with discusses further study topics linked to health care big
computational complexity, ambiguity, and inconsistency. data.
It is difficult to build strategies and systems that
IoT for Big Data
effectively cope with computational complexity,
ambiguity, and inconsistency. Among other things, the internet has recreated global links
and corporate practises. Machines are now helping to
Scalability and Data Visualization
build the Internet of Things (IoT). So, like people,
These include scalability and security. Following Moore's appliances with web browsers are internet users. Recent
Law, scholars have concentrated on speeding up data research focused on the Internet of Things' most
analysis and processing. On-line and multiresolution promising and challenging prospects. In the future,
sampling methods are necessary for the former. information, network, and communication technologies
Incremental techniques are scalable in big data analysis. must evolve. In the future, everything will be connected
Because data capacity is expanding faster than CPU and managed. Mobile devices, embedded and ubiquitous
performance, additional cores are being added to communication technologies, cloud computing, and data
processors. Jakob (2009). Parallel computing stems from analytics have made the IoT concept more feasible. It also
this processor shift. Real-time applications like navigation brings volume, pace, and diversity. It enables devices to
demand parallel processing. be located anywhere and may be used for applications
ranging from basic to crucial. Definitions, content, and
The goal of data visualisation is to show them better
differences from other similar notions are difficult to
utilising graph theory approaches. Graphical visualisation
understand. Big data and computational intelligence can
connects data to correct understanding. On the other hand,
help automate data management and knowledge
online marketplaces like Flipkart and Amazon have
discovery. Mishra, Lin, and Chang have studied this
millions of users and sell billions of products every month.
extensively. (N. Mishra, et. al., 2015).
This creates data. A corporation utilises Tableau for
massive data visualisation. It can visualise vast amounts Big data professionals' main difficulty is gaining
of data. These enable staff see search relevancy, track knowledge from IoT data. So, building IoT data analysis
customer feedback, and analyse sentiment. However, infrastructure is critical. Researchers can use machine
existing large data visualisation technologies lack learning to extract relevant information from IoT data
functionality, scalability, and responsiveness. streams. Understanding IoT data streams and processing
them to gain relevant information is a difficult task that
Big data has posed a number of challenges for hardware
leads to big data analytics. From an IoT perspective,
and software developers, resulting in parallel computing,
machine learning algorithms and artificial intelligence
cloud computing, distributed computing, visualisation,
approaches are the only option. Many research articles
and scalability. Additional mathematical models in
highlight key IoT technology (Z. G.Jin, et. al., 2012). 3
computer science are required to overcome this challenge.
shows the IoT big data and knowledge discovery method.
Cybersecurity
Massive amounts of data are correlated, examined, and
mined for patterns. Every company has distinct rules to
protect sensitive data. Data security is a fundamental
concern in big data analysis. Big data poses a tremendous
security concern, according to H. Zhu et al (2015). The
issue of data security is significant. AES-256 encryption
and authentication can protect huge data sets. The
network's scale, device diversity, and lack of an intrusion
detection mechanism H. Perez-sanchez et. al., (2014). Big
data's security issue has garnered IT security's attention.
This necessitates a multi-level security policy approach
and preventative method.
MAZEDAN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS REVIEW [e-ISSN: 2583-0929]
Figure 3 IoT Big Data Knowledge Discovery
There are several theories of human information
processing that have inspired the development of
knowledge exploration systems, including frames, rules,
tags, and semantic networks. Knowledge acquisition,
knowledge base, knowledge distribution, and knowledge
application are just four of the four main categories of
knowledge. Various classical and computational
intelligence approaches are employed in the phase of
knowledge acquisition to uncover new information.
Expert systems are often built using the newly acquired
information, which is kept in knowledge bases.
Information from a knowledge base can only be accessed
if the relevant information is shared. This technique
extracts knowledge from papers, as well as from
knowledge databases. The third step is to put the new
information into practise in a variety of ways. It is the
pinnacle of all of our endeavours in the pursuit of new
information. Knowledge discovery is an iterative process,
and so is the application of that knowledge. Many
concerns, debates, and investigations are taking place in
this field of knowledge discovery. This survey report does
not have the resources to address such a topic. Figure 4
depicts the knowledge exploration mechanism for
enhanced comprehension.
Figure 4 IoT Knowledge Exploration System
Big Data Analytics on the Cloud
Virtualization made supercomputing more affordable.
These software-based computing infrastructures work like
actual computers, but with greater processor, memory,
and operating system options. Cloud computing, a robust
big data technique, employs virtual computers. Massive
data and cloud computing technologies are designed to
16
give scalability. In the cloud, users may access virtualized
computer resources on-demand. With Cloud computing,
you only pay for the resources you use. It improves
availability while saving money. Many scholars look at
data management, data storage, data processing, and
resource management. (M. D. Assuno, et. al., 2015). So,
Cloud computing assists in establishing a business plan
for all apps using tools.
Cloud-based big data analytics should help data
development. For additional processing and extraction,
data scientists and business analysts should work together
in the cloud. This can help several industries. Spark, R,
and other large data processing platforms could benefit
from cloud computing.
A discussion on cloud computing uses big data. The
marketplace allows users to buy infrastructure services
from Google, Amazon, IBM, and a variety of software as
a service provider such as NetSuite, Cloud9 and
Jobscience. Another benefit of cloud computing is cloud
storage, which can accommodate large data sets. The
obvious one is the time and cost of uploading and
downloading big data in the cloud. Otherwise, controlling
computation and hardware becomes tough. The main
challenges are privacy concerns with public data servers
and storage of human study data. These concerns will
propel big data and cloud computing forward.
Bio-inspired Big Data Analytics
Bio-inspired computing uses natural processes to solve
complicated real-world challenges. Biological systems
self-organize. Finding the ideal data service solution using
a bio-inspired cost reduction technique. Biological
molecules like DNA and proteins use these strategies to
store, retrieve, and process data. It uses biologically
produced materials to do computations and obtain
intelligent performance. These systems are better for huge
data.
Since digitalization, huge amounts of data are created
from various web resources. Data scientists and big data
specialists will need to analyse this data and categorise
them into text, picture, and video. Big data, IoT, cloud
computing, bio-inspired computing, and other
technologies are proliferating, but only the correct
platform can analyse enormous data efficiently and
affordably.
Data analysis and large data use bio-inspired computing
approaches. Due to their optimization capabilities, these
algorithms aid in large-scale data mining. Simplistic
approach and speedy convergence to best solution for
tackling service supply difficulties. Cheng et al. detailed
several bio-inspired computer applications for this
purpose. et (2013). It appears from the conversations that
bio-inspired computer models assist handle ambiguity and
deliver wiser interactions. Thus, bio-inspired computing
may assist handle massive data in the future.
Quantum Data Analysis
The memory of a quantum computer is exponentially
larger than its physical size (M. A. Nielsen and I.
L.Chuang, 2000). These computer system upgrades could
be feasible. If a genuine quantum computer existed now,
17 A Big Data Analytics Study: Challenges, Unresolved Research…
today's big data problems may be solved. Developing a
quantum computer may be achievable soon. Quantum
computing blends physics and data processing. In a
computer, information is presented as long strings of bits
encoding 0s or 1. Quantum bits power a quantum
computer (qubits). A qubit is a quantum system that
encodes the 0 and 1 into two states. So, it benefits from
superposition and entanglement. Quantum bits are qubits.
Traditional computers store 100 qubits as 2100 complex
values. Larger quantum computers can solve massive data
difficulties much faster than conventional computers. To
create a quantum computer and use quantum computing
to solve large data problems is this generation's task.
5. BIG DATA PROCESSING TOOLS
There are several big data processing tools available. This
section examines modern techniques to huge data
analysis, with an emphasis on MapReduce, Apache Spark,
and Storm. The majority of available tools concentrate on
batch, stream, and interactive analysis. Apache Hadoop is
used by the majority of batch processing tools, including
Mahout and Dryad. They are commonly used for real-time
analytics. Two large-scale streaming platforms are Strom
and Splunk. Users can quickly participate in real-time
analysis for their own purposes.
Big data platforms like Dremel and Apache Drill offer
interactive analysis. These technologies aid us with large
data tasks. Many researchers, Huang et. al. (2015). Figure
5 depicts the usual work flow of large data project.
Figure 5 Workflow of Big Data Project
Apache Hadoop and MapReduce
The most widely used big data analysis software is
Apache Hadoop and Mapreduce. It includes Hadoop
kernel, MapReduce, HDFS, and Apache Hive. Map
reduction is a programming paradigm for processing huge
datasets. The divide and conquer strategy have two steps:
map and reduce. Hadoop has two types of nodes: master
and worker. In map step, the master node splits the input
into smaller sub-problems. The master node then reduces
the outputs from all subproblems. A sophisticated
software framework for big data challenges, Hadoop and
MapReduce. It also aids with fault-tolerant storage and
high-speed data processing.
Apache Mahout
There are several big data tools. It focuses on MapReduce,
Apache Spark, and Storm for big data analysis. Most
available tools include batch, stream, and interactive.
Most batch processing tools use Apache Hadoop,
including Mahout and Dryad. They are used for real-time
© Patil, Y. V., & Manjare, S. O. (2022)
analytics. Large-scale streaming platforms like Strom and
Splunk Users may instantly start their own analysis in real
time (Ingersoll, 2012).
Apache Spark is a big data processing platform designed
for speed and analytics. It was developed in 2009 at UC
Berkeley's AMPLab. It joined Apache in 2010. Java,
Scala, and Python are supported by Spark. In addition to
that, it can handle SQL queries and graph data. Spark
extends Hadoop's distributed file system (HDFS). Worker
nodes and driver software are included in Spark. The
driver software starts an app on the spark cluster. Assign
tasks and resources to worker nodes and resources. Each
application has a set of executor processes. The key
benefit is that Spark programmes may run in existing
Hadoop clusters. Figure 6: Spark architecture. Following
is a list of Apache Spark's features:
When it comes to Spark, the primary focus is on RDD,
which store data in-memory and provides failure tolerance
without replication. As a result, it is faster and more
efficient, as well as more efficient.
Figure 6 Architecture of Apache Spark
Streaming data, machine learning, and graph algorithms
are all supported in addition to MapReduce.
Additionally, the application may be executed in a variety
of languages, such as Java, R or Python. Higher-level
libraries for sophisticated analytics make this feasible.
With the help of these pre-built libraries, programmers
may design complicated work-flows with simplicity.
Spark speeds up a Hadoop cluster application by up to 100
times in memory and 10 times on storage. Because to the
decrease in the number of discs reads and writes, this is
now feasible.
For the Java virtual machine (JVM) environment, it is
developed in the Scala programming language. For
creating Spark-based apps, you can use Java, Python, or
R.
Dryad
Additionally, it is a widely used programming model to
create parallel and distributed applications that deal with
huge dataflow graphs with context. There are nodes in a
cluster, and the user can use the resources of a computer
cluster to operate a distributed application. Each of the
thousands of devices that a dryad user uses has many
processors or cores, as a result. Concurrent programming
does not need any knowledge of concurrent programming.
Computational vertices and communication channels
make up a dryad application's computational directed
graph. Because of this wide range of capabilities, dryad
can generate a job graph, schedule machines for the
available processes and handle transition failures in a
cluster, collect performance metrics, and visualise the job.
MAZEDAN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS REVIEW [e-ISSN: 2583-0929]
It can also dynamically update the job graph in response
to user-defined policies and dynamically update the job
graph in response to these policy decisions. G. Fox and
others (2012).
Storm
Storm is a distributed computing system designed to
manage massive data streams in real time. Unlike Hadoop,
which is designed for batch processing. Convenience,
scalability and fault tolerance contribute to its competitive
performance. The storm cluster and Hadoop cluster have
many similarities. To handle the various storm demands,
the hadoop architecture employs map reduce tasks. Map
reduction workloads and topologies vary widely. While a
map-reduce operation will eventually complete, the
topology will continue to process messages until the user
stops it. A storm cluster's two major components are
worker and master nodes. The master and worker nodes
are responsible for nimbus and supervisor functions. The
map reduction structure compares the two jobs. Worker
nodes are allocated tasks using the Nimbus scheduling
system, which also monitors the system. The supervisor
accomplished responsibilities given by Nimbus. nimbus
also commands it to start and stop the process. Because
the computing technology is partitioned among them,
each worker process implements a distinct component of
the topology.
Apache Drill
Drilling into massive data using Apache Drill is a
distributed system for interactive analysis. In terms of
query languages, formats, and sources, it is more versatile.
Additionally, it's built to make use of nested data. The goal
is to have 10,000 servers or more and to be able to handle
terabytes of data and trillions of records in seconds in a
matter of minutes. In order to execute batch analysis, Drill
uses HDFS for storage and map reduce.
Jaspersoft G.
Open-source software, the Jaspersoft package generates
reports from database columns. Scalable big data analytics
platform with rapid data visualisation on popular storage
platforms as MangoDB, Cassandra, Redis, and others.
Capable of quick data visualisation on these platforms.
Jaspersoft's ability to swiftly examine large datasets
without the need for data extraction, transformation, or
loading is an essential feature (ETL). Another feature is
its ability to produce rich HTML reports and dashboards
straight from a large data store without the need for ETL
processes. Everyone in or outside the user's company has
access to these created reports.
Splunk
Increasing amounts of business industry data are being
created by machines in recent years. Machine-generated
big data may be exploited using Splunk, a real-time and
intelligent platform. Cloud computing and big data are
combined in this system. In turn, it facilitates the web-
based search, monitoring, and analysis of user-generated
data. Graphs, reports, and alerts provide as visual
representations of the data. In comparison to other stream
processing technologies, Splunk is unique. These involve
indexing machine produced data in an organised and
18
unstructured manner as well as real-time searching and
delivering analytical results. For Splunk, providing
metrics for a wide range of applications, diagnosing issues
with systems and information technology infrastructures,
as well as providing business operations with thoughtful
assistance, is of paramount importance.
6. AVENUES FOR FUTURE WORK
Every two years, the amount of data collected by various
apps in various sectors will double. We don't know
anything about the data until we analyse it. As a result,
new approaches for huge data analysis are required.
Thanks to modern computers, automated systems may be
built. Using present and future computer architectures'
parallelism for data mining is not an easy task. Also, this
data may be susceptible to several uncertainties. Fuzzy
sets, rough sets, soft sets, neural networks, their
extensions, and hybrid models built by combining two or
more of these models can all be used to represent data.
These models include a plethora of information.
Condensed big data often only contain attributes relevant
to a certain study or application field. These waste
reduction options are currently accessible. MISSING
VALUES: To analyse the data, these values must be
produced or the tuples with these missing values must be
eliminated. These additional challenges may compromise
or worsen the performance, efficiency, and scalability of
data-intensive computing systems. This procedure can
cause data loss and is not advised. This creates a variety
of research problems in the corporate and academic
communities. Another problem is handling massive
volumes of data fast while maintaining high speed and
throughput. Big data analysis also demands advanced
programming. Parallelism abstractions and data access
abstractions for applications are urgently needed. (S.
Dehuri, et. al., 2015).
Additionally, academics are increasingly using machine
learning principles and technologies in order to get
meaningful outcomes from these ideas. Data processing,
algorithm implementation, and optimization have been the
primary emphasis of machine learning research in the big
data field. In order to make use of many of the new
machine learning techniques for big data, major changes
are required. We believe that while each of these
technologies has strengths and weaknesses, more effective
solutions may be created to address the challenges of big
data. There must be a way to deal with data that is both
noisy and imbalanced, as well as with ambiguity and
inconsistency.
7. CONCLUSION
In the last several years, the amount of data being created
has increased dramatically. For the average person, sifting
through these numbers might be a challenge. To this
purpose, we present an overview of the numerous research
concerns, obstacles, and techniques utilised to study these
large data sets in this work. According to the results of this
study, each big data platform has a distinct focus. Batch
processing and real-time analytic capabilities may be
found in some of these tools. Additionally, each big data
platform has its own set of features. Statistical analysis,
machine learning, intelligent analysis, cloud computing,
quantum computing, and data stream processing are
19 A Big Data Analytics Study: Challenges, Unresolved Research…
utilised for analysis. Big data analytics is a growing
problem for many businesses and organisations. Big data
analytics may provide a company an advantage over its [13]
competitors if used correctly. Businesses may also use it
to improve their goods and operations, decrease expenses,
and keep their customers happy. This field is anticipated
to continue to increase in importance as more money and
[14]
effort is invested in the development of the technology. As
a result of these strategies' effectiveness and efficiency,
we believe researchers will focus more on them in the
future.
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