5. The Senses and their anomalies Senses are physiclogical capacities of organisms that provide data for perception. The nervous system has a specific sensory system or organ, Gedicated to each sense. Humans have a multitude of senses: sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch are the five traditionally recognized. 5.1 Common eyesight problems Astigmatism: astigmatism Blurred vision: sone Iyer ae at wok fom the moment |pamenis. sma you wake upto the moment you close | Deafness: soit ‘them to goto sleep They take in tons of | Far-sightedness: presbinia : information about the word sround us: Focus ues conceias tearing: cto nts: menomazion shapes, colours, movements, and more ‘Then they send the information tothe ‘brain for processing so the brain knows ‘whats goingon outside ofthe body. ‘The most common vision problems are refractive errors. The most common types of refractive errors are the assorbire - following Sight: sta t + Near-sightedness (also called myopia) is a condition where objects up close appear clearly, while objects far away appear blurry, + Far-sightedness (also called hyperopia) s a common type of refractive error where distant objects may be seen ‘more clearly than objects that are near. ‘Astigmatism is 2 condition that causes blurred vision due either tothe irregular shape ofthe cornea, the clear font cover of the eye, or sometimes the curvature ofthe lens inside the eye, so vision becomes blurred at any distance. ‘+ Presbyopla is an age-related condition in which the ability to focus up close becomes mare difficult ge 5.1A-~ Answer the questions. ‘a. What are the five senses? 4. What does astigmatism cause? », How does the rain know what’ goingon outside thebody? —¢, Why? What are the most common types of refractive errors? Which is the refractive error related to age?