Henan

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For other uses, see Henan (disambiguation) and  河南 (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with the unrelated province of Hunan.

Henan Province
河南省

Province

Name transcription(s)

 • Chinese 河南省 (Hénán Shěng)

 • Abbreviation HA / HEN / 豫 (pinyin: Yù)

Clockwise: Mount Song, Kaifeng, Fawang Temple Pagoda in Dengfeng,
Fawang Temple entrance, Longmen Grottoes

Map showing the location of Henan Province

Coordinates:  33°54′N 113°30′ECoordinates:  33°54′N 113°30′E

Country China
Named for 河 hé – (Yellow) River
南 nán – south
"south of the Yellow River"

Capital Zhengzhou
(and largest city)
Divisions 17 prefectures, 159 counties,
2,455 townships

Government
 • Type Province
 • Body Henan Provincial People's Congress
 • CCP Secretary Lou Yangsheng
 • Congress chairman Lou Yangsheng
 • Governor Wang Kai
 • CPPCC chairman Liu Wei

Area
[1]

 • Total 167,000 km2 (64,000 sq mi)
 • Rank 17th

Highest elevation 2,413.8 m (7,919.3 ft)

  (Laoyachanao)

Population
 (2020)[2]
 • Total 99,365,519
 • Rank 3rd
 • Density 600/km2 (1,500/sq mi)
  • Rank 7th

Demographics
 • Ethnic composition Han – 98.8%
Hui – 1%
 • Languages and dialects Zhongyuan Mandarin, Jin

ISO 3166 code CN-HA

GDP (2020) CNY 5.499 trillion

USD 797 billion (5th)[3]
 - per capita CNY 55,348
USD 8,021 (19th)
 • growth  1.3%

HDI (2019) 0.742[4] (high) (18th)

Website henan.gov.cn

Henan

"Henan" in Chinese characters

Chinese 河南

Postal Honan

Literal meaning "South of the (Yellow) River"

showTranscriptions

Abbreviation

Chinese 豫

showTranscriptions

Henan (UK: /hɜːˈnæn/;[5] or /həˈnæn/;[6] US: /ˈhʌˈnɑːn/[7] Chinese: 河南; lit. 'River
South'; alternatively Honan) is a landlocked province of China, in the central part of the
country. Henan is often referred to as Zhongyuan or Zhongzhou (中州), which literally
means "central plain" or "midland", although the name is also applied to the entirety
of China proper. Henan is a birthplace of Chinese civilization (Han), with over 3,200 years
of recorded history and remained China's cultural, economic and political center until
approximately 1,000 years ago.
Henan Province is home to many heritage sites which have been left behind, including the
ruins of Shang dynasty capital city Yin and the Shaolin Temple. Four of the Eight Great
Ancient Capitals of China, Luoyang, Anyang, Kaifeng and Zhengzhou, are in Henan. The
practice of tai chi also began in Chen Jia Gou Village (Chen style), as did the later Yang
and Wu styles.[8]
Although the name of the province (河南) means "south of the [Yellow] river.",
[9]
 approximately a quarter of the province lies north of the Yellow River, also known as the
Huang He. With an area of 167,000 km2 (64,479 sq mi), Henan covers a large part of the
fertile and densely populated North China Plain. Its neighboring provinces
are Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, and Hubei. Henan is China's third-most
populous province with a population of over 94 million. Henan is also the world's seventh-
most populous subnational entity, and, if it were a country by itself, Henan would be
the 14th-most populous country in the world, ahead of Egypt and Vietnam.
Henan is the 5th-largest provincial economy of China and the largest among inland
provinces. However, per capita GDP is low compared to other eastern and central
provinces.
Henan is one of the less-developed areas in China economically.[10] The economy continues
to grow based on aluminum and coal prices, as well as agriculture, heavy industry, tourism
and retail. High-tech industries and the service sector are underdeveloped and are
concentrated around Zhengzhou and Luoyang.

Contents

 1History
o 1.1Ancient Era
o 1.2Imperial Era
o 1.3Modern Era
 2Geography
o 2.1Climate
 3Administrative divisions
o 3.1Urban areas
 4Demographics
o 4.1Religion
 5Politics
 6Economy
 7Transportation
 8Culture
 9Tourism
 10Colleges and universities
 11Notable individuals
 12Sports teams
 13See also
 14References
o 14.1Citations
o 14.2Works cited
 15External links