(P) Rotational Motion

EXERCISE # 1
Questions Angular displacement, velocity & So correct option (C).

based on acceleration Q.4 A particle is moving with a constant angular
Q.1 A wheel starts rotating from rest and attains velocity about an exterior axis. Its linear
an angular velocity of 60 rad/sec in 5 velocity will depend upon -
seconds. The total angular displacement in
(A) perpendicular distance of the particle
radians will be-
form the axis
(A) 60 (B) 80 (C) 100 (D) 150
(B) the mass of particle
d
Sol.[D]  = ;  = t (C) angular acceleration of the particle
dt
= 60 rad/ sec. × 5 sec. = 300 rad. (D) the linear acceleration of particle
360 – 300 = 60 rad Sol.[A] v = r
r is perpendicular distance of particle from
Q.2 A body rotates at 300 rotations per minute.
rotational axis so correct Option (A)
The value (in radian) of the angle described in

1 sec is-
(A) 5 (B) 5 (C) 10 (D) 10 v
r
rot 300
Sol.[D] f = 300 ; ratation in 1 sec = =5
min 60
angle decribed in sec = 5 × 2 = 10  Ans (D)
Q.3 Figure shows a small wheel fixed coaxially Q.5 A chain couples and rotates two wheels in a
on a bigger one of double the radius. The bicycle. The radii of bigger and smaller
system rotates about the common axis. The wheels in a bicycle. The radii of bigger and
strings supporting A and B do not slip on the smaller wheels are 0.5m and 0.1m
wheels. If x and y be the distances travelled
respectively. The bigger wheel rotates at the
by A and B in the same time interval, then-
rate of 200 rotations per minute, then the rate
of rotation of smaller wheel will be -
(A) 1000 rpm (B) 50/3 rpm
(C) 200 rmp (D) 40 rpm
A Sol.[A] Key idea :
B
Linear velocity of both bigger & smaller
(A) x = 2y (B) x = y
wheels are remain same so.
(C) y = 2x (D) None of these
For bigger v = 1r1 ; For smaller v = 2r2
Sol.[C] v = r since  is same for both
v1 = r 1r1 = 2r2
v2 =  (2r) 1 r1 200 0.5
2 = =
v1 r 1 r2 0.1
= = ; (here x and y are
v2 (2r ) 2 = 200 × 5 = 1000 r.p.m.;
displacement of particle A & B is same time) so correct option is (A)
ROTATIONAL MOTION 11
Q.6 A body is in pure rotation. The linear speed  of inertia of the arrangement about YY' axis
of a particle, the distance r of the particle will be-
1 Y 2
from the axis and the angular velocity  of
v Q Q
the body are related as  = . Thus- P
r P
1 Q
(A) 
r
(B)  r P
3
(C)  = 0 Y'
(D)  is independent of r. 7 2
(A) PQ2 (B) PQ2
   2 7
Sol.[C] v =  × r ; 2 5
(C) PQ2 (D) PQ2
v d 5 2
from above we get  = but  = is not
r dt Sol.[A]
M. inertia about yy' axis are
depend on distance (r) from axis of rotation I = I1 + I2 + I3
Questions Moment of inertia = 2I1 + I3 ( I1 = I2)
based on
MR 2  MR 2 
+2   MR 2 
2  2 
Q.7 A stone of mass 4 kg is whirled in a  
horizontal circle of radius 1m and makes 2   MR 2 
I    MR 2  applying

rev/sec. The moment of inertia of the stone   2 
about the axis of rotation is- parallel axis theorem = 7/2 MR2 = 7/2
(A) 64 kg × m2 (B) 4 kg × m2 PQ2Q.10 Three thin uniform rods each of
mass M and length L and placed along the
(C) 16 kg × m2 (D) 1 kg × m2
three axis of a Cartesian coordinate system
Sol.[B] M.I. mr2 = 4 × 12 = 4 kg m2
with one end of each rod at the origin. The
M.I. of the system about z-axis is-
Q.8 In an arrangement four particles, each of mass
ML2 2ML2
2 gram are situated at the coordinate points (A) (B)
3 3
(3, 2, 0), (1, –1, 0), (0, 0, 0) and (–1, 1, 0).
ML2
The moment of inertia of this arrangement (C) (D) ML2
6
about the Z-axis will be-
Sol.[B]
(A) 8 units (B) 16 units y M,L
(C) 43 units (D) 34 units
Sol.[D] For particle 1 Iz = Ix + Iy
= mrx2 + mry2 x
M, L
= m(rx2 + ry2)
= 2(32 + 22) = 26 unit z M, L
For particle 2, m [1 + (–1)2] = 2 × (2) = 4
2
I = I1 + I2 + I3
unit
For particle 3, m[12 + 12] = 2 × (2) = 4 unit ML2 ML2 2
= + +0 = ML2
For particle 4,m (0) = 0 3 3 3
Total inertia = 26 + 4 + 4 = 34 unit Q.11 A circular disc A of radius r is made from an
Q.9 Three rings, each of mass P and radius Q are iron plate of thickness t and another circular
arranged as shown in the figure. The moment disc B of radius 4r is made from an iron plate
of thickness t/4. The relation between the (C) 1/2 kg (D) 1/4 kg
moments of inertia IA and IB is- Sol.[D] Given :
(A) A > B [ = 2N.m.,  = 2 rad / sec2 , k = 2 m]
(B) A = B 2
I= = 1 kg . m2
(C) A < B 2
I = MK2
(D) depends on the actual values of t and r.
1
I1 M r2 (r1 2 ) t 1 = m.22 ; m = Kg.
Sol.[C] = 1 12 = 4
I2 m 2 r2 (r2 2 )4t
Q.15 A particle is at a distance r from the axis of
2
I  r  1 rotation. A given torque  produces some
= A =  1   
IB  r2   4  angular acceleration in it. If the mass of the
2
1 1 particle is doubled and its distance from the
=   
4 4 axis is halved, the value of torque to produce
IB the same angular acceleration is -
IA = , so IB > IA. so correct option is (C)
64 (A) /2 (B)  (C) 2 (D) 4
 r
2
mr 2 I 
Questions
Torque and Forces couple Sol.[A]  = I;  I'  ( 2 m )    
based on  2 2 2

Q.12 A force of (2î  4 ĵ  2k̂ ) Newton acts at a ' = I'.
point (3î  2 ĵ  4k̂ ) metre from the origin. ' I'  I' 1 
 = = ; ' = Ans (A)
 I I 2 2
The magnitude of torque is - 
(A) zero (B) 24.4 N-m Q.16 Let F be a force acting on a particle having
 
(C) 0.244 N-m (D) 2.444 N-m position vector r . Let  be the torque of this
   force about the origin, then-
Sol.[B]  = F × r = (2î  4 ĵ  2k̂ ) × (3î  2 ĵ  4k̂ )  
 
 (A) r .  = 0 and F .  = 0
 = 12î  14 ĵ  16k̂    
(B) r .  = 0 and F .   0

|  | = 12 2  14 2  16 2 = 596 = 24.4 N.M    
(C) r .   0 and F .   0
   
Q.13 The angular velocity of a body is (D) r .   0 and F .   0
 
  2î  3 ĵ  4k̂ and a torque   î  2ˆj  3k̂   
Sol.[A]  = r × F
acts on it. The rotational power will be-  
(A) 20 watt (B) 15 watt i.e. torque is at 90º or r and F both.
 
(C) 17 watt (D) 14 watt  r .  = r cos 90º = 0
 
 
Sol.[A] P =  .  = (2î  3 ĵ  4k̂ ).(î  2 ĵ  3k̂ )
F .  = F cos 90º = 0
= 2 + 6 + 12 = 20 watt Questions
based on
Kinetic Energy of rotation
Q.14 A torque of 2 newton-m produces an angular Q.17 The kinetic energy of rotation of a particle is
acceleration of 2 rad/sec2 a body. If its radius 18 Joule. If the angular momentum vector
coincides with the axis of rotation and the
of gyration is 2m, its mass will be -
moment of inertia of the particle about this
(A) 2 kg (B) 4 kg
axis is 0.01 kg-m2, then its angular momentum Due to drop the wax on disc moment of
will be- inertia of its will be increase so will be
(A) 0.06 Joule-sec (B) 0.6 Joule-sec decrease.
(C) 0.006 Joule-sec (D) 0
Q.21 A girl sits near the edge of a rotating circular
Sol.[B] [Given : KE = 18 J, I = 0.01 Kg.m] platform. If the girl moves from
L2 = 2(K.E.) I circumference towards the centre of the
1 36 platform then the angular velocity of the
L2 = 2 × 18 × = ;
100 100 platform will-
6 (A) decrease (B) increase
L= = 0.6 joule-sec. (C) remain same (D) becomes zero
10
Sol.[B] ext = 0, So L = I = constant when girl
Q.18 The velocity of centre of mass of a disc rolling moves from edge towards centre I will
on an inclined plane changes from V to 2V at decrease, and '' will increase.
any instant of time. If M is the mass of disc then
Q.22 Two wheels P and Q are mounted on the
increase in its kinetic energy will be-
same axle. The moment of inertia of P is 6
(A) (9/4) MV2 (B) MV2/2 kg-m2 and it is rotating at 600 rotations per
(C) MV2 (D) 3 MV2 minute and Q is at rest. If the two are joined
3 by means of a clutch then they combined and
Sol.[A] kTotal = kR + kT = mv2cm
4 rotate at 400 rotations per minute. The
After increasing the velocity of centre of moment of inertia of Q will be -
mass v to 2V (A) 3 kg-m2 (B) 4 kg-m2
K 'Total = KR + KT = 3 mvcm2 (C) 5 kg-m2 (D) 8 kg-m2
Sol.[A] ext = 0;
K = K'Total – KTotal
from conservation of angular momentum
3 9
= 3mvcm 2 – mvcm2 = mv2 Ans. (A) L = I = constant
4 4
I11 = (I1 + I2) 2
600  2
Q.19 A uniform thin rod of length l is suspended (1 = = 20,
60
from one of its ends and is rotated at f
400  2 40
rotations per second. The rotational kinetic 2 = 400 = )
60 3
energy of the rod will be -
40
2 4 2 2 IP × 20 = (IP + IQ)
(A) 2 f2 ml2 (B) f ml 3
3 3
40
(C) 4 2 f2 ml2 (D) zero 6 × 20 = (IP + IQ) (Given IP = 6)
3
1 2 1  m 2  2 After solving that we get I2 = 3 kg m2
Sol.[A] KE = I = (2f)2 = 2 f 2 ml2
2 2  3  3 Ans. (A)
Questions  Fill in the blanks type questions
based on
Angular Momentum
Q.23 The moment of inertia of a semicircular disc
Q.20 A uniform heavy disc is rotating at constant
of mass M and radius R about an axis passing
angular velocity () about a vertical axis through its geometrical centre and
through its centre O. Some wax W is dropped perpendicular to its plane is ................
gently on the disc. The angular velocity of the
disc-
(A) does not change (B) increases
(C) decreases (D) becomes zero
Sol.[C] From L = constant
L = I Because ext = 0
(i) CM moves along + ve x–axis.
(ii) friction force along (– ve) x–axis
R
M C
C y
x
O
(iii) CM moves along (– ve) x–axis.
(iv) friction force along (+ ve) axis
Sol. Moment of Inertia of a semi circular disc,
Q.25 Three identical rods are joined together to

form an equilateral triangular frame. Three
R axes AA', BB' and CC' lie in the plane of the
frame as shown in the figure.
A A'
Passing through its Geometrical centre and

perpendicular to plane is MR2/2 B B'
c.m.
Q.24 The fig.(A) and (B) shown two different C C'
arrangements of a spool, being pulled with a
(i) The moment of inertia is least about the
constant force F in each case. Identify the
direction of motion of centre of mass, and the axis .....................
direction of friction force in each case. (ii) The moment of inertia is maximum about
the axis ....................
C Sol.
F
y
x A A'
O
O Rough
(A)
(i) The c.m. moves along ............. x-axis.
(ii) The friction force acts along .............
x-axis. B B'
CM
F
C C'
C 2
y I =  m r where r is  distance from axis
x of rotation.
O (i) So Moment of inertia is least about axis
O Rough
passing through BB'
(B) (ii) MI is maximum about axis AA'
(iii) The c.m. moves along ............ x-axis
(iv) The friction force acts along.......... x-axis.
Sol.
C
y
x
O
EXERCISE # 2
(Only single correct answer type Q.3 A uniform rod of length l is free to rotate in a
Part-A
questions) vertical plane about a fixed horizontal axis
through O. The rod is allowed to rotate from
Q.1 A particle of mass 2 kg is moving with rest from its unstable vertical position. Then
velocity of 2m/s on straight line y = 2x + 1.
the angular velocity of the rod when it has
Its angular momentum about origin is –
(A) 85 units (B) 0.85 units turned through an angle  is –
(C) 4/5 units (D) 0.45 units
Sol.[C] m = 2 kg, v = 2 m/s 
straight line y = 2x + 1
2x – y +1 = 0 
1 1 
r= =
2 2  12 5
O
1
L = mvr = 2 × 2 ×
5 3g 6g
(A) sin (/2) (B) sin (/2)
L = 4/ 5  
3g 6g
Q.2 A uniform circular disc placed on a rough (C) cos /2 (D) cos (/2)
horizontal surface is initially given a velocity  
v0 and angular velocity 0 as shown in figure.

The disc comes to rest after moving some
distance in the direction of motion. Then Sol.[B] 
 h
v0
is-
r0 O
0
1 2
I = mgh.
2
v0 
h = (1 – cos )
2
1 1  2 
(A) (B) 2 (C) (D) 3 =  2 sin 
2 3 2 2
0

=  sin 2
2
V0 m 2
I
3
Sol.[A]
Let r = radius of disc.  1 2 
 I   mg sin 2
r0 = 2V0 2 2
Q 2mg 2 2mg 2 
2 = sin  2 = sin
V0 I m 2 2
3
6g 
 P = sin
 2
V0 V0 1
 = = .
r0 2V0 2
Q.4 The rope shown in figure is wound around a Q.6 The minimum value of F for which the
cylinder of mass 4 kg and I = 0.02 kg m2, cube(a) begins to topple about an edge is–
about the cylinder axis. If the cylinder rolls F
without slipping, then the linear acceleration a
of its centre of mass is –
2a/3
20 N
O
mg
2 3
(A) mg (B) mg
3 4
(A) 6.7 m/s2 (B) 10.0 m/s2 1
(C) 9.0 m/s2 (D) none of these (C) mg (D) mg
2
20N
F
0.1 m
Sol.[A] a
a/2 2a/3
O
P
= r × F = rF = 0.1 × 20 = 2 N-m mg
Sol.[B]
Cylinder rotating about point P, R' = 2R Cube will topple if
IP = ICM + MR2 2a  a
F× mg
= 0.02 + 4 × (0.1)2 = 0.06 kgm2 3 2
2 3 3
 = I    = F  mg  Fmin. = mg
0.06 4 4
2 0 .4 Q.7 A square of side 'a' is cut from a square of
a = R' = 0.2 × =
0.06 0.06 side '2a' as shown in the figure. Mass of this
a = 6.7 m/s2 square with hole is M. Then its moment of
inertia about an axis passing through its CM
Q.5 A disc of moment of inertia I is rotating about and perpendicular to its plane will be –
its axis, which is initially along the vertical
direction, making ‘n’ revolution per minute. a
The axis gradually tilts becomes horizontal a 2a
and the disc rotates about the horizontal axis
with the same revolution per minute. The
total time, taken in doing so is t seconds then 2a
the torque acting on the body is– Ma 2 2Ma 2
2nI (A) (B)
(A) zero (B) 6 6
60 t 2
4Ma 5Ma 2
2 2 nI (C) (D)
(C) (D) None of these 6 6
60 t Sol.[D] Let  = mass per unit area.
L2 M M
 = 2 2 = 2
Sol.[C] 4a – a 3a
 4a  4a 
2 2  2 2 
L1    4a 2   – a 2  a  a 
12   12 
     
L1 = L2 8a 2 a 2  2a 2 15 4
= 4a 2   – = a
12 12 6
L = 2 I. 15 4 M 5
I=  a  2 = Ma 2 .
L 2n 6 3a 6
  = = 2I = 2 2 n I
t 60 t 60 t
Q.8 Uniform cylinder rolls from rest down the 
parabolic surface whose equation is given by
y = kx2. The cylinder does not slip from A to
m m
B but the surface is frictionless from B to C.
Then height of ascent of cylinder towards C
is– Sol.[B]
A y C From conservation of angular momentum
y1 I = I' '
MR  = (M + 2m) R2'
2
M
 ' =
B x M  2m
y1 2 y1 Q.10 A circular wooden hoop of mass m and radius

(A) (B)
3 3 R rest on a horizontal frictionless surface. A
3y1 bullet, also of mass m and moving with a
(C) (D) y1
2 velocity V, strikes the hoop and get
1 1 embedded in it. The thickness of the loop is
Sol.[B] mg y1 = mv2 + I 2
2 2 much smaller than R. The angular velocity

with which the system rotates after bullet
1 k2 
mg y1 = mv2 1  2  strikes the hoop is –
2  R 
R
1  1
mg y1 = mv2 1  
2  2 V
m
4
 v2 = g y1 for motion along AB. V V V 2V
3 (A) (B) (C) (D)
3R 2R R R
For motion along BC 0 = v2 – 2g y2
Sol.[B] As there is no external torque, angular
4 2
or g y1 = 2g y2  y2 = y1. momentum is conserved.
3 3
m
Q.9 A thin circular ring of mass M and radius r is R
rotating about the axis with angular speed . m,v
Two particles having mass m each are now mvR = I
attached at diametrically opposite points. the mvR =  (mR2 + mR2)
angular speed of the ring wire become – mvR = 2 mR2
M M v = 2R
(A) (B)
Mm M  2m
v
(M  2m) (M  2m) =
(C) (D) 2R
M  2m M
Q.11 A uniform meter stick of mass M is hinged at
one end and supported in a horizontal
position by a string attached to the other end Sol.[B]
as shown in figure. If the string is cut, then 

the initial angular acceleration of the stick is- time taken in unwinding the flexible tape
k2
2L(1  )
String
t= R2
g sin 
P
Meter Stick 3
2L( )
(A) g rad/s2 (B) 3g rad/s2 k2 1 2
for tape roll =  t=
R2 2 g sin 
(C) 3g/2 rad/s2 (D) 6g rad/s2
3L
t=
g sin 
O
Q.13 A rigid body is made of three identical thin
Sol.[C] L=1m
rods fastened together in the form of a letter
When string is Cut
H. The body is free to rotate about a
Torque acting about O horizontal axis that passes through one of the
2
L L ML legs of H. The body is allowed to fall from
Mg = I. Mg = .
2 2 3 rest from a position in which the plane of the
3g 3 H is horizontal. Then the angular speed of the
= but L = 1 m.  = g.
2L 2 body when the plane of the H is vertical is -
Q.12 A length L of flexible tape is tightly wound. It L

is then allowed to unwind as it rolls down a L
steep incline that makes an angle  with the
horizontal, the upper end of the tape being L
tacked down. Then, the tape unwinds (A) 9g / 4 L (B) 3g / 4L
completely in time equal to –
(C) 3g / L (D) None of these
A
L

(A) 2L / g sin  (B) 3L / g sin  B

Sol.[A] L
(C) L / g sin  (D) None of these L

MI about given axis.
mL
I = IA + IB + IC = 0 + + mL2
3
4 L
I= mL2 a=
3 3
Gain in KE in rotation from horizontal to M
vertical. m' =
3
1 2 1 4 2
KE(Rot.) = I =  mL2 2 = mL22 M.E. of ROD, BC about O
2 2 3 3
2
L m' a 2  a  m' a 2
Loss in PE = 0 + mg + mgL = + m'   =
2 12 2 3 6
3
= mgL 
m' a  2 
2 for all three parts MI about O = 3  
from energy conservation  6 
2 3
mL2 2 = mgL m' a 2 1  M L2 
3 2 I= =   
2 2  3 9 
9 g
2 = .
4 L ML2
I=
9g 54
 =
4L
Q.15 A ball rolls down an inclined plane and
Q.14 A rod of mass M kg and length L metre is acquires a velocity vr when it reaches the
bent in the form of an equilateral triangle as bottom of the plane. If the same ball slides
shown in the figure. The moment of inertia without friction rather than rolling from the
of triangle about a vertical axis to same height down an equally inclined smooth
perpendicular to the plane of triangle and plane and acquires a velocity vs, which of the
passing through the centre (in units of kg-m2) following statements is/are correct ?
is–
(A) vr < vs, because a work is done by the
rolling ball against the frictional force
(B) vr > vs, because the angular velocity
O makes the rolling ball to travel faster

(C) vr = vs, because kinetic energy of two
balls is same at bottom of planes
(D) vr < vs, because the rolling ball acquires
ML2 ML2
(A) (B) rotational as well translational KE
12 54
Sol.[D] vr < vs
ML2 ML2
(C) (D) Rolling ball acquires rotational as well as
162 108
A translational KE.
1 2 1
mgh = I + mvr2
2 2
a a
where as in sliding
O
1
x mgh = mv s2
B C 2
Sol.[B] a
Q.16 A horizontal plane supports a fixed vertical
Length = L, Mass = M cylinder of radius R and a particle is attached
10
to the cylinder by a horizontal thread AB as in the figure. Choose the incorrect
shown in figure. A horizontal velocity v0 is alternatives–
imparted to the particle, normal to the thread,
during subsequent motion–
F
CM
O v0
R rough surface
A (A) the acceleration of the centre of mass is F/M.
B
(A) angular momentum of particle about O (B) the acceleration of the centre of mass is
remains constant 2F/3M.
(B) angular momentum about B remains
constant (C) the frictional force on the sphere acts
(C) momentum and kinetic energy both forward
remain constant (D) the magnitude of the frictional force is F/3
(D) kinetic energy alone remains constant
Sol.[A, B, C, D]
v0 M
O
C.M.
R R F
Sol.[D] B A
f
As direction of motion of the particle is Rough
continuously changing
So only KE remains constant. 2
For sphere I = MR2
5
One or more than one correct
Part-B For translatory motion
answer type questions
 F – f = Ma …..(1)
Q.17 Which of the following statement(s) is/are for rotational motion
correct for a spherical body rolling without
f R = I
slipping on a rough horizontal surface at rest -
(A) the acceleration of the point of contact 2 a
fR= MR2 × .
with the ground is zero 5 R
(B) the speed of some of the point (s) is/are 2
zero f= Ma .
5
(C) frictional force may or may not be zero
(D) work done by friction may or may not be 2
 F = f + Ma = Ma + Ma.
Zero 5
Sol.[ B, C]
7 5F
A spherical body rolling without slipping on    F= Ma  a = .
rough horizontal surface at rest. 5 7M
 Speed of point of contact with surface is 2 5F 2F
and f = M× =
always zero. 5 7M 7
 friction static, frictional force may or may not Therefore all options are wrong.
be zero.
Q.18 A solid sphere of mass M and radius R is Q.19 A constant force F is applied at the top of
pulled horizontally on rough surface as shown ring as shown in figure. Mass and the radius
of the ring are M and R respectively. Angular
11
momentum about the point of contact at time
‘t’ - P

F V
O 
M R
For V to be vertical at Point P.
(A) is constant
(B) increases linearly with time
(C) is 2FRt R O
(D) is 2FRt  
V
Sol.[B ,D]
F
R cos  = V
V V
R cos  = ,  = cos–1
R R
 Required angle  =  – 
V V
   =  – cos– 1 and =  + cos–1
Angular Impulse = change in angular R R
momentum
t=L Q.21 A uniform rod kept on the ground falls from
Lp = F (2 R) t its vertical position. Its foot does not slip on
 Lp = 2 F R t the ground –
 Lt (A) No part of the rod can have acceleration
increases linearly with times. greater than g in any position
(B) At any one position of rod, different
Q.20 A disc of radius R rolls on a horizontal points on it have different acceleration
surface with linear velocity V and angular
(C) Any one particular point on the rod has
velocity . There is a point P on
different acceleration at different
circumference of disc at angle , which has a
positions of the rod
vertical velocity. Here  is equal to –
(D) The maximum acceleration of any point
on the rod, at any position is 1.5 g.
P
 Sol.[B, C, D]
R V
O B

C Since foot does
 not slip
V  V
(A)  + sin–1 (B) – sin –1 mg
R 2 R
A
V V
(C)  – cos–1 (D)  + cos–1 Taking torque about A
R R 
Sol.[C, D]
 = mg 2 sin  = I 
m 3
  Here I = 
3
12
mg sin  m 2
= 
2 3 5
3
3g sin 
 = 37°
2
for any point of Rod at distance r from A. 4
Linear acceleration a = r  component of relative velocity
3gr sin 
a= . perpendicular to AB
2 
AB
Thus a  r and a  sin 
and if  = 90° & r =  v A cos   v B sin 
=

3g sin 90 3
a= = g (max.) 4v 0 4 3
2 2   v0 
= 3 5 5
Q.22 The end B of the rod AB which makes angle 
5v 0
 with the floor is being pulled with a = .
3
constant velocity v0 as shown. The length of
the rod is . At the instant when  = 37º Q.23 A thin uniform rod of mass m and length  is
y free to rotate about its upper end. When it is at
A rest, it receives an impulse J at its lowest point,
normal to its length. Immediately, after
impact-

O B x (A) the angular momentum of rod is J
4 3J
(A) velocity of end A is v 0 downwards (B) the angular velocity of rod is
3 m
5 v0 3J 2
(B) angular velocity of rod is (C) the kinetic energy of rod is
3  2m
(C) angular velocity of rod is constant 3J
(D) the linear velocity of mid point of rod is
(D) velocity of end A is constant 2m
Sol.[A,B] Sol.[A, B, C D]
y
A
 = 37°
 v0 
x
O B
vA sin  = vB cos 
vA = vB cot 
J
4
  vA = v 0 m 3
3 I=
3
Angular momentum
13
= Linear momentum × dist from axis of Sol.[A] Both Assertion and Reason true and reason
rotation correct explanation.
L = J Q.25 Assertion : If bodies slide down an inclined

plane without rolling then all bodies reach the
 L
L = I  = . bottom simultaneously.
I
Reason : Acceleration of all bodies are equal
3J 3J
= = . and independent of the shape.
m 2 m
Sol.[A] Both Assertion and Reason true and reason
L2
3J  2 2
correct explaination.
KE = =
2I 2m 2
Q.26 Assertion : A wheel moving down a perfectly
3J 2
KE = frictionless inclined plane shall undergo
2m
slipping (not rolling)

 V = r =  Reason : For rolling, torque is required,
2
which is provided by tangential frictional
3J  3J
 V = × = . force.
m 2 2m
Sol.[A] Both Assertion and Reason true and reason
correct explaination.
Part-C Assertion-Reason type questions
The following questions consists of two Q.27 Assertion : In pure rolling motion on rough
statements each, printed as Assertion and fixed horizontal surface, net work done by
Reason. While answering these questions friction is zero.
you are to choose any one of the following Reason : In pure rolling, the acceleration of
four responses. centre of mass of rolling body may be zero.
(A) If both Assertion and Reason are true Sol.[B] Both Assertion and Reason are true but
and the Reason is correct explanation Reason is not correct explanation of the
of the Assertion. Assertion
(B) If both Assertion and Reason are true

but Reason is not correct explanation Part-D Column matching type questions
of the Assertion. Q.28 A solid sphere is rotating about an axis as
shown in figure. An insect follows the dotted
(C) If Assertion is true but the Reason is
path on the circumference of sphere as
false.
shown. Match the following :
(D) If Assertion is false but Reason is true.
Insect
Q.24 Assertion : When ice on polar caps of earth

melts, duration of the day increases.
2
Reason : L = I = I . = constant
T
Table-1 Table-2
(A) Moment of inertia (P) will remain constant
14
(B) Angular velocity (Q) will first increase
then decrease
(C) Angular momentum (R) will first decrease
then increase Q.30 A semi-circular ring has mass m and radius R
(D) Rotational kinetic (S) will continuously as shown figure. Let I1, I2, I3 and I4 be the
energy decrease moments of inertias of the four axes as
Sol. ext = 0 [f From angular momentum conservce shown. Axis 1 passes through centre and is
is L = I. perpendicular to plane of ring. Then, match
the following :
(A) When insect move from top edge to outer
edge first M inertia increase the first then
decreases 4
(Q).
1 3
(B) Angular velocity from conser of L (R)
(C) Angular manentum, there is no any external
2
force and there force no any torque is act hre
Table-1 Table-2
so L = constant (P)
mR 2
(D) Rotational kinetic energy  (R) (A) I1 (P)
2
3
Q.29 A disc rolls on ground without slipping. (B) I2 (Q) mR2
Velocity of centre of mass is v. There is a 2
point P on circumference of disc at angle . (C) I3 (R) mR2
(D)I4 (S) Data is
Suppose vp is the speed of this point. Then,
match the following table : Insufficient
Sol. (A  R, B  P, C  P, D  Q)
C
v
M M
P 
1
Table-1 Table-2 3
(A) If  = 60º (P) vp = 2 v
(B) If  = 90º (Q) vp = v 2
(C) If  = 120º (R) vp = 2v
I 0 ( 2M ) R 2
(D) If  = 180º (S) vp = 3 v (A) I1 = = = MR2  (R)
2 2
Sol. A  Q, B  P, C  S, D  R,
1  2MR 2  ( 2M ) R 2 MR 2
in general VP = 2V sin (/2) (B) I2 = – = = 
2  2  4 2
(A) 2v sin  /2 = 2v sin 30º = v (Q)
(P)
(B) 2v sin 45º = 2 2 2V (P)
MR 2
(C) 2v sin 60º = 2 3 (S) (C) I3 = I2 =  (P)
2
(D) 2v sin 90º = 2v (R) 1  ( 2M ) 2  3MR 2
(D) I4 = 3R =  (Q)
2  2 
 2
15
EXERCISE # 3
Part-A Subjective type questions I1n1
n2 = .
I2
Q.1 A particle of mass m is projected with a speed 1.33  1.9
n2 = = 6 rps.
0.42
u at an angle  with the horizontal. Find the
or 60 × 6 = 360 revolutions/min.
torque of the weight of the particle about the Ans. 360 revolutions/min.
point of projection when the particle is at the
highest point. Q.3 A ball tied to a string takes us to complete
Sol. revolution along a horizontal circle. If, by
y pulling the cord, the radius of the circle is
reduced to half of the previous value, then
v mg how much time the ball will take in one
revolution.
Sol.

x
O R/2
Torque of particle about point of
projection O = Force × perpendicular r m
distance from line of action of force.
R 2u 2 sin  cos 
 = mg × . ( R = )
2 g
Force on the particle is radial & as string
 u 2 sin  cos 
 = mg × reduced to half , so torque about centre of
g rotation is zero.
  = mu2 sin  cos . Hence Angular momentum is conserved.
perpendicular to the plane of motion. I11 = I22
 = mv2 sin  cos . 2
2 r 2
Perpendicular to the plane of motion. mr2 = m 
T1 2 T2
Q.2 An ice skater spins with arms outstretched at r2 r2

=
T1 4T2
1.9 rps. Her moment of inertia at this instant
T1
is 1.33 kg m2. She pulls in her arms to T2 =
4
increase her rate of spin. If the moment of T1 1
Ans. T2 = or of initial time.
inertia is 0.48 kg m2 after she pulls in her 4 4
arms, what is her new rate of rotation.
Sol. No external torque, hence angular momentum Q.4 A hollow sphere is released from the top of
conserved. an inclined plane of inclination . (a) What
Given n1 = 1.9 rps, I1 = 1.33 kg m2 , I2 = 0.42 kg
should be the minimum coefficient of friction
m2
I11 = I22 between the sphere and the plane to prevent
I1 (2n1) = I2(2 n2) sliding ? (b) Find the kinetic energy of the
16
ball as it moves down a length  on the from energy conservation.
incline if the friction coefficient is half the value Mgh = KE + work done against friction.
calculated in part (a). KE = Mgh –  Mg cos 
Sol.(a)
R (h =  sin )
1 sin 
= Mg  sin  – × Mg cos  ×.
5 cos 
f = smg cos
mg sin 1 4
= Mg sin  (1 – ) = Mg  sin .
5 5
mg mg cos

2 4
Ans. (a)  = tan (b) Mgh.
5 5
g sin 
Since a =
1  k2 / R2 Q.5 A light thread with a body of mass m tied to
its end is wound on a uniform solid cylinder
K2 2
for hollow sphere = of mass M and radius R (Fig.). At the
R2 3
moment t = 0 the system is set in motion.
 a = g sin  = 3 g sin  . Calculate the angular velocity of the cylinder
1 2/3 5
at time t and the kinetic energy of the whole
Torque acting on hollow sphere is only due to system at that time.
frictional force acting upward.
a  a
=f×R=I= I . =
R R
M R
2
& I= mR2
3
a 2 a
f=I 2
= mR2 × 2
R 3 R
m
2 2 3
f = ma = m × g sin . Sol.
3 3 5
but f = s mg cos  Solid cylinder
 s = 2 mg sin  = 2 tan  .
5 mg cos  5 M
R
2
s = tan 
5
Minimum coefficient of friction to prevent

m
sliding.
at t = 0 system set in motion
1 For motion of block
(b) When  = tan  . (half the values)
5
17
T Q.6 The pulleys in figure are identical, each
having a radius R and moment of inertia .
Find the acceleration of the block M.
m a
mg
mg – T = ma
…..(1) m
For Rotational motion of cylinder M
Sol.
R
Pulleys Identical
T2 Radius = R, MI = I.
T T3
T1
a m
TR = I = I
R M
a MR 2 a mg
T=I 2
=  2 Mg
R 2 R
Ma T1
 T=
2
Ma
 Therefore mg = + ma.
2 M
m a
2 mg
 a =
M  2m
After time t angular velocity mg
a
  = t = t , 0 = 0,
R Mg – T1 = Ma …….(1)
t 2 mg 2 mgt
 =  =
R ( M  2m) R ( M  2m) T2
1 ' 2
KE of system = I ( )
2
1  MR 2  T1
=  mR 2  2 .

2 2 
 a
(T1 – T2) R = I = I
2 R
(M  2m) 2  2mgt 
= R   
a
4  R ( M  2m)  T1 – T 2 = I …….(2)
R2
2 2 2
m g t
= .
M  2m T2
2 mgt
Ans. =
R ( M  2m)
m 2g 2 t 2
and KE of system = . T3
( M  2m )
18
a
T2 – T 3 = I …….(3)
R2
v
T3 – mg = ma …….(4)
 = v/R R
T3
A
On taking moment at A, external torque is
m
zero.
Angular momentum is conserved.
kg Initial Angular = Angular momentum
Add (2) and (3) Momentum after rotation stops.
2Ia 2
T1 – T 3 = mvR – I  = Mv0R
R2 5
Add (1) and (4) 2 v
mvR – mR2 = mv0R
Mg – mg + T3 – T1 = (M + m) a. 5 R
(M – m) g = (M + m) a + T1 – T3 2 3
v– v = v0  v0 = v
2Ia 5 5
(M – m) g = (M + m) a +
R2 (b) After some time pure rolling starts.
 a= (M – m) 2 v'
2I mv0R = mR 2 + mv'R
Mm 2 5 R
R
2 ' 7
(M – m) g v0 = v + v'  v' = v0
Ans. a= 5 5
2I
Mm 2 7 3 3
R  v' = v  v= v
5 5 7
3 3
Q.7 A solid sphere is set into motion on a rough Ans. (a) v and (b) v
5 7
horizontal surface with a linear speed v in the
forward direction and an angular speed v / R
Q.8 A uniform cylinder of radius R is spinned
in the anticlockwise direction as shown in
about its axis to the angular velocity 0 and
figure. Find the linear speed of the sphere (a)
then placed into a corner (Fig.). The
when it stops rotating and (b) when slipping
coefficient of friction between the corner
finally ceases and pure rolling starts.
walls and the cylinder is equal to k. How
many turns will the cylinder accomplish
v before it stops.
 = v/R R
Sol. (a)
Sol.
19
KN1 Various forces The angular momentum of the rod about the
acting centre of mass after the force has stopped to
N2 act. Assume that t is so small that the rod does
not appreciably change its direction while the
force acts.
N1 Sol.
0 R
KN2 mass = m
length = 
F for time t.
Mg
MR 2
For a cylinder I = F
2
Impulse = change in momentum
1
KE of cylinder = I02 Ft
2 (a) Ft = mVCM =  VCM =
m
MR 202
KE =  F m 2
4 (b)  = F × = I  = 
For vertical equilibrium and horizontal 2 2 12
equilibrium. 6F
=
KN1 + N2 = mg, N1 = KN2. m
6Ft
 mg   = 0 + t =
K2N2 + N2 = mg  N2 =  2 m
1 K 
1 2 1 F2 t 2
 K mg  (c) KE = m VCM = m 2
 N1 =  2 2 2 m
1 K 
F2 t 2
 Work done by frictional forces _____. KE =
2m
W = (KN1 + KN2) 2Rn.

 K 2 Mg K Mg  (d) L = m VCM
=  2
  2Rn
2
2
 1  K 1  K  Ft  Ft
=m × =
K Mg (2Rn ) (1  K ) m 2 2
W=
(1  K 2 ) Ft 6 Ft 2 2
F t Ft
Ans. (a) (b) (c) (d)
W = KE m m 2m 2
 K (1  K ) 2Rg M  MR 202
 2 n = .
 1 K  4 Q.10 A uniform disc of radius R is spinned to the
R02 (1 K ) 2
angular velocity  and then carefully placed
n
8gK (1  K ) on a horizontal surface. How long will the
(1  K 2 ) 02 R disc be rotating on the surface if the friction
Ans.  n=
8 K (1  K ) g
coefficient is equal to k? The pressure exerted
by the disc on the surface can be regarded as
Q.9 A uniform rod of mass m and length  is uniform.
struck at an end by a force F perpendicular to Sol.
the rod for a short time interval t. Calculate
(a) The speed of the centre of mass, (b) The
angular speed of the rod about the centre of
mass, (c) The kinetic energy of the rod and (d)
20
N Sol.
N
f
r dr mgsin 
k = coefficient
of friction  mg cos 

Consider an element of disc of dr thickness
at distance r from centre. mg
Mass M g sin  k2 2
= a= for sphere =
area R 2 1  k

2 
 R 2
5
M  R2 
and mass of element dm = 2r dr ×
R 2 g sin  5
a= = g sin 
 2r dr M  2 7
weight of element =  g 1
2 5
 R 
mg sin  – f = ma.  f =  mg cos 
 2r dr M 
Hence frictional force = k  g . 5 
 R
2
 mg sin  –  mg cos  = m  g sin  
7 
Torque due to friction –
5
 2r dr  mg sin  – mg cos  =  mg cos .
d = M kg  2 
×r 7
 R 
2
Then total torque of various elements mg sin  =  mg cos 
7
R 2Mkg 2
= 0 R2
r2 dr.   = tan 
7
5
2Mkg  r 3 
R
v = a t = gt sin 
=   7
R 2  3  2
0 1 7 7 5 
KE = mv 2   = m  gt sin  
2M kg R3 1 4 kg 2 5
  10  7 
=  = MR2 × .
R2 3 2 3R 5
= m g2 t2sin2 
But  = I  14
4 kg 2 5
 = Ans.  = tan  , KE = m g 2 t 2 sin 2 
3R 7 14
when rotation stops.
0 = 0 – t Q.12 A uniform solid cylinder of radius R = 15 cm
 30 R rolls over a horizontal plane passing into an
t= 0 =
 4 kg
inclined plane forming an angle  = 30º with
3 0 R
Ans. t= the horizontal (Fig.). Find the maximum
4 kg
value of the velocity v0 which still permits the
cylinder to roll onto the inclined plane section
Q.11 A uniform sphere of mass m and radius R
without a jump. The sliding is assumed to be
rolls without slipping down an inclined plane
absent.'
set at an angle  to the horizontal. Find :
(a) The magnitude of the friction coefficient
at which slipping is absent ;
(b) The kinetic energy of the sphere t seconds
after the beginning of motion.
21
m v2
mg cos  – N =
v0 R
R
for cylinder to Roll N > O

m v2
 mg cos – >O
R
Sol.
v2
< g cos 
R
v0
R from eqn (1)
 = 30o 1 2 4
[ v 0  gR (1 – cos )] < g cos .
R 3
v02 4
< g cos  – g (1 – cos )
1 1 R 3
KE = mv 02 + I2
2 2
v02 4 4
1 1 mR 2
v02 < (g cos  + g cos ) – g
= mv 02 + (  ) R 3 3
2
2 2 2 R
v02 7 4
3 < g cos  – g
KE = mv 02 (KE of Rolling) R 3 3
4
gR
 When cylinder passes incline plane, Let v0 < [7 cos  – 4]
3
v = velocity of CG, but CG descends
10  0.15
by v0 < (7  0.866 – 4)
3
h = R (1 – cos ), so its PE decreases.
v0 < 1.01 m/s .
From conservation of energy – Ans. v0 < 1.01 m/s
3 3
mv 02 = mv 2 – mgR (1 – cos )
4 4 Q.13 Two small balls A and B, each of mass m, are
4 joined rigidly to the ends of a light rod of
v02 = v2 – gR (1 – cos ), ..(1)
3 length L (fig.). The system translates on a
frictionless horizontal surface with a velocity
N
v0 in a direction perpendicular to the rod. A
particle P of mass m kept at rest on the
surface sticks to the ball A as the ball collides
with it. Find

(a) The linear speeds of the balls A and B
after the collision, (b) The velocity of the
mg
centre of mass C of the system A + B + P and
22
(c) the angular speed of the system about C v0
Ans. (a) , v0,
after the collision. 2
B v0 2v0
(b) along initial motion of Rod
3
L v
(c) 0
A v0 2L
Sol. (a)
B v0 Q.14 A hollow sphere of radius R lies on a smooth
horizontal surface. It is pulled by a horizontal
L
force acting tangentially from the highest
A v0
point. Find the distance travelled by the
As particle P of mass m at rest collides with
sphere during the time it makes one full
A and sticks to it. Rod will exert force on B
along its length, So collision will not effect rotation.
velocity of B, Sol. Torque about the centre of hollow sphere –
 Velocity of B = V0. 2
F×R= MR2
From conservation of linear momentum about 3
A, 3F
 velocity of (A + P) =
2 MR
v0 Angular displacement for one full rotation
mv0 = 2mv  v = .
2 1 2
(b) Three bodies (A + B + P) forming a system, 2 = 0 + t
2
Net external force = O
4
v0 4  2MR
mv 0  2m
VCM = 2 = 2v0 .  t2 =  =
m  2m 3 3F
(c)  velocity of (A + P) wrt. CM. Linear acceleration.
2v0 v v F
= – 0 = 0. a=
3 2 6 M
1 2
2v0 v x=0+ at
 vel. of B wrt. CM. = v0 – = 0 2
3 3
1 F 4  2MR
L x= × ×
 Distance of (A + P) from CM = 2 M 3F
3
2L 4R
 Distance of B from CM = . x=
3 3
v0 L v 2L 4R
 I = 2m × × +m× 0 × Ans. Distance =
6 3 3 3 3
  L 2  2L  
2
mv 0 L 2
  2m    m       mv 0 L Q.15 A solid sphere rolling on a rough horizontal
  3   3   9 9
surface with a linear speed v collides
  2mL2 4mL2   mv L
     

0 elastically with a fixed, smooth, vertical wall.
  9 9   3
Find the speed of the sphere after it has
6 mv0 L started pure rolling in the backward direction.
mL2 =
9 3
Sol. When solid sphere collides with wall, it
v rebound with velocity v, towards left but it
 = 0
2L continues to rotate in clock wise direction –
23
2 v v0 1– 2 
So angular momentum = mvR – mR 2 vy = vosin 45 – gt = – v0 = v0  
5 R 
2  2 
3 1 2
= mvR y = vosin 45 × t –
gt
5 2
 After rebounding when pure rolling v v 1 v2 v2 v2
= 0 × 0 – g × 02 = 0 – 0
starts, let the velocity be v' and ' = v'/R 2 g 2 g 2g 2g
y=
v 02
2g
 2 –1 
    
L = r × p = m ( r  v) .
'/R

V' L = m ( x î  y ĵ) × ( v x î  v y ĵ) .

L = m ( x v y – y v x ) k̂
From angular momentum conservation –
  2   2 
2 v 2 v' L = m  v0  1 – 2  v0 – v0 ( 2 – 1) v0  k̂
mvR – mR2 = mv'R + mR2  2g  2  2g 2 
5 R 5 R  
3 7  mv30
mvR = mv'R L– k̂
5 5
2 2g
3
 v' = v
7 mv30
Ans. – k̂
2 2g
Q.16 A particle is projected from a point P on the
earth with a velocity v0 at an angle of 45º Q.17 A child of mass m is standing on the
with the horizontal at any instant t = 0. Find periphery of a circular platform of radius R,
out the magnitude and direction of the which can rotate about its central axis. The
angular momentum of the particle about the moment of platform is I. child jumps off
point P at the instant t = v0/g. from the platform with a velocity u relative to
Sol. platform. Find the angular speed of platform
after child jumps off.
Y
Sol. Let  be the angular speed as no external
P (x,
torque
v0
v from conservation of angular momentum.
mvR = (I + mR2) 
45o m vR
O X = Ans.
t = v0/g I  mR 2
Let the particle be at P after interval t, for
horizontal motion during O to t. Q.18 Two small balls A and B, each of mass m, are
v0 joined rigidly by a light horizontal rod of
vx = voCos 45 =
2
length L. The rod is clamped at the centre in
v0 v v2
x = vxt = × 0 = 0 . such a way that it can rotate freely about a
2 g 2g
vertical axis through its centre. The system is
For vertical motion
rotated with an angular speed  about the
axis. A particle P of mass m kept at rest sticks
24
to the ball A as the ball collides with it. Find when r = R
the new angular speed of the rod. M0
=
Sol. M  2m
when spider in at centre  = 0. angular
velocity of turn table increases as spider
m L/2 L/2 m moves from rim to centre.
A B
1 MR 202
Initial KE E0 = I002 =
2 4
There is no external torque Hence angular
momentum is conserved.
1
2
 
I 0  mr 2  2
energy when spider is at rim. E = .
  L 2 L 
2   L 2 L 
2
 2  2
m   m    = ' 2m   m   1 MR  M0 
E =   mR 2  
  M  2m 
  2   2     2   2   2 2 
1 M
mL2 3
 = mL2' = MR 202 M  2m  ×
2 4 4 ( M  2m) 2
4 2  M 
' =  =  Ans. E = E0  .
6 3  M  2m 
 E < E0. Therefore energy is lost when
Q.19 A turn table of mass M and radius R is spider falls.
M0
rotating with angular velocity 0 on Ans. = , centre = 0 and energy loss.
M  2m
frictionless bearing. A spider of mass m falls
vertically onto the rim of the turn table and Q.20 A thin spherical shell of mass m and radius R
then walks in slowly towards the centre of the lying on a rough horizontal surface is hit
table. What is the angular velocity of the sharply and horizontally by a cue. Where
system when spider is at a distance r from the should it be hit so that the shell does not slip
centre. Compute also the angular velocity of on the surface ?
the turn table when the spider is at the rim Sol. Let the cue strike at height h above the centre
for pure rolling VCM = R.
and at the centre of the table. Is the energy of
Then M VCM h = I
the system in this problem conserved ? 2 V
M VCM h = MR 2 CM
Sol. Angular momentum of turn table 3 R
MR   2  2R
L0 = I00, I0   .  h= from centre
 3
 2 
2R
Let  be the angular velocity of turn table Ans. h= from centre
when spider is at distance r from rim. Then 3
L = (I0 + mr2) 
since There is no external torque Q.21 A billiard ball is struck by a cue. The line of
 L = L0 action of the applied impulse is horizontal and
 (I0 + mr2)  = I00 passes through the centre of the ball. The initial
1 velocity of the ball is v0. If R is the radius, M is
MR 20
I00 2
 = = the mass of the ball and µ is the coefficient of
I0  mr 2 MR 2
 mr 2
2 friction between the ball and the floor, find how
2
MR 0 0 far the ball moves before it ceases to slip on the
= =
 2
2 mr  2mr 2 floor.
MR 2 1  1
 MR 2  MR 2

25
Sol. Friction with table decreases the linear
velocity of ball, m
friction also exert torque about the centre of
mass of the ball, it will increase angular
velocity. M F
Pure rolling starts when V = R
m
Mg
a= –  a = – g (Retardation)
M
Linear velocity after time t
v = v0 – gt M F
and  = I  = f × R
Sol.
MgR 5g
=  = N
2 2R
M R2
5
and angular velocity after time t
5g
 = 0 + t = t R ac
2R mg
for pure rolling f
V = R.
 5 g 
 V0 – gt = R  t
2 R  f
N1 F
5 7 ap
  V0 = gt +  g t =  g t. M
2 2
2V0
 t=
7 g Mg
 distance travelled F – f = Map …….(1)
1 2 f = Mac …….(2)
S = V 0t – at
mR 2
2 f×R= I=  ……(3)
2 2
 2V  1  2V 
S = V0  0  – g  0  ap = ac + R …….(4)
 7g  2  7g  On putting value of f in equation (1)
2V02 2 V02 12 V02 F – mac =Map
S= – = .
7g 49 g 49 g
F – mac = M (ac + R) ……(5)
12 V02
Ans. S= . From equation (2) and (3)
49 g
mR 2
mac × R = 
Q.22 Find the acceleration of the cylinder of mass 2
m and radius R and that of plank of mass M  R = 2ac
placed on smooth surface if pulled with a F = mac + M(ac + 2ac)
force F shown in figure. Given that sufficient F = (m + 3M)ac
friction is present between cylinder and the F
ac =
plank surface to prevent sliding of cylinder. m  3M
ap = ac + R = ac + 2ac = 3 ac
3F
ap = 3ac =
m  3M
26
 R = 2ac
Y
2a 2F M L
= c =
R (m  3M )R  = kx
F 3F
Ans. ac = , ap =  dx
m  3M m  3M
2F Y'
cylinder =
(m  3M )R dm = dx
L L
 dI =  0
dmx 2 =  0
 dx x 
Part-B Passage based objective questions L L
Passage - I (Q. 23 to 25)

 I=  0
k x dx x 2 = k  0
x 3 dx
L
Moment of inertia is a physical term which  x4 
= k  
oppose the change in rotational motion.  4 0
Moment of inertia depends on distribution of k L4
I=
mass, shape of the body as well as distance 4
from the rotational axis. Moment of linear
Q.24 Four holes of radius R are cut from a thin
momentum is called angular momentum. If
square plate of side 4R and mass M. The
no external torque act on the system then
moment of inertia of the remaining portion
angular momentum of the system remains
about z-axis is–
conserved.
Y
Q.23 Mass M is distribution over the rod of length
L. If linear mass density () linearly
increases with length as  = kx. The M.I. of X
rod about one end perpendicular to rod i.e.
(YY' )
Y  4 
(A) MR 2 (B)    MR 2
M L 12 3 4
 =kx
x 4   8 10 
(C)    MR 2 (D)    MR
2
3 6  3 16 
Y' Sol.[D]
ML2 ML2 Y
(A) (B) R =Radius of hole
3 12
2 KL4
(C) ML2 (D)
3 4 4R X
Sol.[D] Consider a small element dx at distance x M = mass of thin Plate
from axis. square
4R
M
= mass per unit–area
16R 2
Let m = mass of portion of hole.
27
M M I = moment of Inertia of Pully
m= × R2 =
16R 2 16 and string does not slip
I = Moment of Inertia of remaining part R
about
z–axis. T1
I = Isquare – 4 (I of hole) m1 T2
 
 mR 
2
M
I= 16R 2  16R 2 – 4   m( 2 R ) 2 
 
12  2  m1g m2
2
32MR
= – (2mR2 + 8mR2)
12 m2g
8 T1 – m1g = m1a
= MR 2 – 10 mR2
3 ………(1)
8 M 2 m2g – T2 = m2a
= MR 2 – 10 × R
3 16 ………(2)
8 10  2 T2R – T1R = I
= –  MR .
3 16  ………(3)
a = R
………(4)
Q.25 Acceleration of block of mass m1 is (given
a
I
moment of inertia of pulley is I and string 2
(T2 – T1) = R from 3& 4.
does not slip over the pulley) Add (1) and (2)
(m2g – m1g) = (m1 + m2) a + (T2 – T1)
Ia
(m2 – m1)g = (m1 + m2) a + .
R R2
 a= (m 2 – m1 ) g
I
m1 m1  m 2  2
R
m2
Passage - II (Q. 26 to 28)
 m  m2  ( m1  m 2 ) g
(A)  1  g (B) Angular velocity is defined as the rate of
 m1  m 2  
 m1  m 2  2 
I 
change of angular displacement. The angular
 R 
velocity is a measure of the degree of rotation
 I   I 
 m1  m2  2 g  m1  m2  2 g of body. For a rigid body  is constant. All
(D) 
R 
(C) 
R 
angular variable (such as angular
m1  m2  I 
 m1  m 2  2  displacement, angular velocity and angular
 R 
acceleration) are directed along the axis of
Sol.[B]
rotation and perpendicular to plane. Rotating
rigid object has two acceleration, one
centripetal and other tangential both
acceleration being normal to each other.
Q.26 A disc of radius R rolls on a horizontal

ground with linear acceleration “a” and
angular acceleration  as shown in figure.
28
The magnitude of acceleration of point P at T  = 20 rad/s.
an instant, when its linear velocity is V and R = 20 m.
angular velocity is , will be– VCM = 30 m/s

Let OP = r
P L
V, a Velocity of Top Point VT = VCM + R
R O  VT = 30 + 20 × 20 = 430
m/s.
 
Velocity of lowest Point VL = V CM –  R
= 30 – 20 × 20
(A) (a  r) 2  (r2 ) 2 (– ve sign indicate Back word) = – 370 m/s.
ar
(B) Q.28 The topmost and bottom most points have
R
velocities V1 and V2 in the same direction.
(C) r 2 a 2  r 2 4
The radius of sphere is R. Then the correct
(D) r options are–
Sol.[A]
Let OP = r V1
P angular acceleration =  P Q
R/2
V, a
R O  O
Linear acceleration of P. R
V2
Tangential acceleration at P
(A) Angular velocity of sphere about centre
aT = (a + r)
V1  V2
2
of mass   is clockwise
Normal acceleration ac = r 2R
Since aT  aC = (B) The linear velocity at point P is
a T2  a c2 3V1  V2
 aP =
VP 
ap = (a  r ) 2  (r2 ) 2 4
(C) The Linear velocity at point Q is
Q.27 A disc is rotating clockwise at 20 radian/sec. 3  3
V1  V2 1  
Its centre has velocity 30 m/s in the forward 2  2 
direction. It has radius of 20 m. Then–
 V  V2 
(A) velocity of topmost point is 430 m/s in (D) Velocity of centre of mass is  1 
 2 
forward direction
Ans.[A, B, C, D]
(B) velocity of lower most point is 370 m/s in V1
backward direction P Q
(C) velocity of topmost point is 400 m/s R/2
O
(forward) R L
(D) velocity of lower most point is 50 m/s V2
(forward)
Sol.[A, B] V1 = VCM + R
V2 = VCM – R.
29
2R = V1 – V2 = 3.6 J
 V1 – V2  1 2
 =   I = 3.6 J, m = 0.05 9 kg
 2R  2
3 1 7
mv2   = 3.6 J
VP = V2 + 2 R 2 5
3  V1 – V2 
= V2 + R    v2 = 3.6  10
2  2R  7  0.059
3V1  V2 vCM = 87.16 = 9.34 m/s
=
4
and VQ = V2 + 3 R
Q.30 Find the speed of a point at the top of the ball
( LQ  3 R ) in the above question ?
 V – V2  (A) 18.7 m/s (B) 200 m/s
= V2 + 3R  1 
 2R  (C) 24 m/s (D) 12 m/s
3  3  Sol.[A] VTOP = VCM + VCM = 18.68 = 18.7 m/s
= V1  V2 1 –
2  2 

and VCM = V2 + R Q.31 Find the speed of a point at the bottom of the
 V1 – V2  ball in the above question ?
  = V2 + R  
 2R  (A) 10 m/s (B) 18.7 m/s
V1  V2 (C) 200 m/s (D) 0
=
2 Sol.[D] VBottom = VCM – VCM
=0
Passage - III (Q. 29 to 31)
In a spring gun, a spring of force constant 400
N/m is compressed 0.15 m. When fired, 80%
of the elastic potential energy stored in the
spring is eventually converted into kinetic energy
of a 0.0590 kg. uniform ball that is rolling
without slipping at the base of a ramp. The
ball continues to roll without slipping up the
ramp with increase in gravitational potential
energy at the instant it slope.
Q.29 What is the speed(approx.) of ball’s center of

mass at the base of the ramp ?
(A) 8 m/s (B) 8.5 m/s
(C) 9.3 m/s (D) 11 m/s
1 2
Sol.[C] E= kx
2
1
= × 400 × (0.15)2
2
= 4.5 J
 80% Energy = 4.5 × 0.8
30
EXERCISE # 4
 Moment of Inertia Passing through O and
 Old IIT-JEE Objective type questions
Q.1 Two particles each of mass M are connected MR 2
Parallel to XX' = .
2
by a massless rod. The rod is lying on the
smooth horizontal surface. If one of the M I about XX'.
particle is given an impulse MV as shown in MR 2
IXX' = + M R2
the figure then angular velocity of the system 2
would be- [IIT –2000] 3
= MR2
M M 2
2
3  L 
IXX' = L ×  
MV 2  2 
v v v 2v
(A) (B) (C) (D) 3  L3
2 4   IXX' =
8 2
Sol.[C]
M M Q.3 An equilateral triangle ABC formed from a

uniform wire has two small identical beads
initially located at A. The triangle is set
MV
 rotating about the vertical axis AO. Then the
J = Ic
2 beads are released from rest simultaneously
  M 2  and allowed to slide down, one along AB and
  Mv = 2  
2  4  the other along AC as shown. Neglecting
 
v frictional effects, the quantities that are
= .
 conserved as the beads slide down, are-
[IIT –2000]
Q.2 A thin wire of length L and uniform linear
mass density  is bent into a circular loop A
with centre at O as shown. The moment of g
inertia of the loop about the axis XX´ is-
[IIT–2000]
X X' B C
90o O
(A) angular velocity and total energy (kinetic
L 3
L 3
5 L 3
3 L 3 and potential)
(A) (B) (C) (D)
8 2 16 2
16 2
8 2 (B) total angular momentum and total energy
(C) angular velocity and moment of inertia
Sol.[D] Mass of ring M = L
about the axis of rotation
and L = 2 R
(D) total angular momentum and moment of
L inertia about the axis of rotation
 R=
2
Sol.[B]
31
(B) up the incline while ascending as well as
A
descending
g
(C) down the incline while ascending and up
the incline while descending
(D) down the incline while ascending as well
B C
O as descending
Net external torque = 0 Sol.[B] Component mg sin  is always down the
 L Conserved. plane,
Since forces acting are conservative,
Hence total mechanical energy is conserved. whether rolling up or down for no slipping
sense of angular acceleration should also be
Q.4 One quarter sector is cut from a uniform disc same in both cases.
 Friction always act upward.
of radius R. This sector has mass M. It is
made to rotate about a line perpendicular to
Q.6 A circular platform is free to rotate in a
its plane and passing through the center of the
horizontal plane about a vertical axis passing
original disc. Its moment of inertia about the
through its centre. A tortoise is setting at the
axis of rotation is – [IIT –2001]
edge of the platform. Now, the platform is
given an angular velocity 0. When the
tortoise moves along a chord of the platform
with a constant velocity (with respect to the
platform), the angular velocity of the platform
 (t) will vary with time t as – [IIT–2002]
1 1
(A) MR2 (B) MR2  (t)
2 4
(A) 0
1
(C) MR2 (D) 2 MR2
8
t
Sol.[A] Let whole mass of disc = 4 M
Hence Moment of Inertia of the disc about  (t)
1 (B) 0
given axis = (4M)R2 = 2 MR2
2
Therefore Moment of Inertia of quarter t
section
 (t)
1 MR 2
= (2MR2) = . (C) 0
4 2
t
Q.5 A cylinder rolls up an inclined plane, reaches
some height, and then rolls down (without  (t)
(D) 0
slipping throughout these motions). The
directions of the frictional force acting on the
t
cylinder are - [IIT–2002]
Sol.[B]
(A) up the incline while ascending and down
the incline while descending
32
then relation between the magnitudes of the
velocities of the points is – [IIT–2004]
O

R a C Q
A B P
C
 (t)
(A) VQ > VC > VP
0
(B) VQ < VC <VP
t (C) VP = V0 /2 , VP = VQ
No external torque (D) VP < VC > VQ
 Angular momentum conserved. Sol.[A]
when tortoise at A

MR 2
 IA = mR + 2
C Q
2
2
P
MR
When at C Ic = ma2 + .
2
MI will decrease till tortoise moves from A to O
C and increase as it moves from C to B Velocity at any point on disc v = r
  will increase and decrease. where r is distance from O
(Point of contact)
 rQ > rc > rP
Q.7 A horizontal turntable is rotating with angular
 V Q > V c > VP
velocity '' is about a vertical axis passing
through its center. A boy is sitting at the Q.9 Mass and radius of a circular disc is 9M & R
centre of the table. The moment of inertia of respectively. Moment of inertia of the disc
the system is I and the kinetic energy is K. about an axis passing through point O after
The boy spreads his hand and the moment of removal of a disc of Radius R/3 as shown in
inertia of the system becomes 2I. Then kinetic the figure is - [IIT – 2005]
energy of system becomes– [IIT –2004]
R/3
(A) K (B) 2K (C) K/2 (D) K/4 2R/3
O
2
L R
Sol.[C] K1 = K =
2I
External torque = 0 (A) 37/9 MR2 (B) 9 MR2
 Angular momentum conserved. (C) 40 /9 MR2 (D) 4 MR2
2
L Sol.[D]
K2 =
4I
R/3
K2 L2 2I K 2R/3
 = × 2  K2 = 1 . O
K1 4I L 2
R
K
 K2 = .
2
Mass of disc = 9M
radius = R
Q.8 There are two points P and Q at equal
9M R 2
distances from the centre of the disc C as mass removed  2
× =M
R 9
shown in figure. If the disc is purely rolling, Iremaining = Iwhole – Iremoved
33
 MR 2  y
9MR 2 4R 2
= –  M .

2  29 9  P
A B
= 4 MR2.
a
Q.10 A particle is confined to rotate in a circular Sol.[A] 2a

A' B' x
path decreasing linear speed, then which of
the following is correct ? [IIT – 2005]

(A) L (angular momentum) is conserved
about the centre
Iz = Ix + Iy and Ix = Iy

Iz = 1.6 Ma2
(B) only direction of angular momentum L
Iz 1.6Ma 2
is conserved  Ix = =
2 2
(C) it spirals towards the centre Ix = 0.8 Ma2
(D) its acceleration is towards the centre IAB = Ix + M (2a)2
   = 0.8 Ma2 + 4 Ma2 = 4.8 Ma2.
Sol.[B] L = m ( r  v )
  Q.12 A ball is rolling on the track as shown in the
The direction of r × v is same
 Hence direction of angular momentum is figure. AB is rough surface and BC is
conserved. smooth. Ball reaches to the height C. KA, KB
and KC are the kinetic energies at A, B and C.
Q.11 A symmetric lamina of mass M consists of a
[IIT-2006]
square shape with a semicircular section over
each of the edge of the square as shown in A C
figure. The side of the square is 2a. The
moment of inertia of the lamina about an axis hA hC
through its centre of mass and perpendicular
to the plane is 1.6 Ma2. The moment of B
inertia of the lamina about the tangent AB in (A) hA > hC ; KB > KC (B) hA < hC ; KB > KC
the plane of the lamina is- [IIT – 2006] (C) hA = hC ; KB = KC (D) hA > hC ; KA < KC
A P B Sol.[A,D]
a
2a A C
A' B'
O hA hC
B
(A) 4.8 Ma2 (B) 3.2 M a2 BC smooth AB rough.
(C) 6.4 M a2 (D) 1.6 M a2 On smooth portion BC, due to zero torque,
angular velocity and Rotational KE remains
constant. While moving from B to C
translational KE is converted to gravitational
PE.
34
hA > hC  KB > KC
hA > hC  KA < kC
v
Q.13 Moment of inertia of solid sphere of mass m
and radius R about axis passing through (A) ring (B) solid sphere
center of mass is  as shown in figure 1. The (C) hollow sphere (D) disc
sphere is moulded in the form of disc of Sol.[D] From conservation of energy
radius 'r' and thickness 't'. The moment of 1 1
mgh = mv2 + I 2
2 2
inertia of disc about the axis shown in figure
 3v 2  2
2 is . [IIT – 2006] mg   = 1 mv2 + 1 mk2 v
 2 2 R2
r  4g 
3  k2  k2 1
t = 1  2  
 2
=
2  R  R 2
Fig.1 Hence Disc

Fig.2
The radius of disc is - Q.15 A block of base 10 cm × 10 cm and height
2R 2R 15 cm is kept on an inclined plane. The
(A) (B)
15 5 coefficient of friction between them is 3 .
R R The inclination  of this inclined plane from
(C) (D)
15 5 the horizontal plane is gradually increased
Sol.[A] from 0º. Then- [IIT – 2009]
r (A) At  = 30º, the block will start sliding
Sphere t down the plane
R
(B) The block will remain at rest on the plane
Fig.1 Fig.2
up to certain  and then it will topple
(C) At  = 60º, the block will start sliding
2 mr 2
 mR 2 = + mr2 down the plane and continue to do so at
5 2
higher angles
3 2 2 2
 r = R. (D) At  = 60º, the block will start sliding
2 5
2R
down the plane and on further increasing
r = .
15 , it will topple at certain 
Sol.[B] about centre for toppling
fr
Q.14 A small object of uniform density rolls up a
curved surface with an initial velocity v. It

3v 2
reaches up to a maximum height of with  fr   N max
4g
 
respect to the initial position. The object is mg sin   mg cos 
2 2
[IIT –2007] tan   1  45º
for slipping frmax  mg sin 
 µ mg cos   mg sin 
35
tan  µ vC + vB + R
 60º
vB
Q.16 If the resultant of all the external forces acting
on a system of particles is zero, then from an
R vB
vA
inertial frame, one can surely say that-
vA = vB – R
[IIT – 2009] = vB – vB = 0
(A) linear momentum of the system does not vC = vB + R = 2vB So (B, C)
change in time
(B) kinetic energy of the system does not Q.18 Statement –1
change in time If there is no external torque on a body about
(C) angular momentum of the system does its centre of mass, then the velocity of the
not change in time center of mass remains constant.
(D) potential energy of the system does not Statement –2
change in time The linear momentum of an isolated system
Sol.[C] Let remains constant. [IIT – 2007]
F (A) Statement–1 is True, Statement–2 is
True; Statement–2 is a correct
explanation for Statement–1
F
(B) Statement–1 is True, Statement–2 is
dL
FNet = 0 = L = 0 True; Statement–2 is NOT a correct
dt
explanation
Q.17 A sphere is rolling without slipping on a fixed for Statement–1
horizontal plane surface. In the figure, A is (C) Statement–1 is True, Statement–2 is
the point of contact, B is the centre of the False
sphere and C is its topmost point. Then – (D) Statement–1 is False, Statement–2 is
[IIT – 2009] True.
C Sol.[D] Statement 1 is wrong.
where as statement 2 is true.
B
 Old IIT-JEE passage based questions
A
    Passage-I (Q. 19 to 21)
(A) VC  VA = 2(VB  VC )
    Two discs A and B are mounted coaxially on
(B) VC  VB = VB  VA a vertical axle. The discs have moments of
   
(C) | VC  VA | = 2 | VB  VC | inertia and 2respectively about the
   common axis. Disc A is imparted an initial
(D) | VC  VA | = 4 | VB |
angular velocity 2using the entire potential
v
Sol.[B,C] Let vB then  = B energy of a spring compressed by a distance
R
x1. Disc B is imparted an angular velocity
by a spring having the same spring constant
36
and compressed by a distance x2. Both the 2 I  + 2 I  = 3I '
discs rotate in the clockwise direction.
4
[IIT–2007]  ' = 
3
Q.19 The ratio x1/x2 is –
Loss in kE
1 1
(A) 2 (B) (C) 2 (D) 2
2 2 1 1 1 4 
= I (2 )2 + (2 I) 2 – (3 I)   
Sol.[C] 2 2 2 3 
8 2 I2
A I 2 = 3I2 – I = .
3 3
B 2I 
Passage-II (Q. 22 to 23)
A uniform thin cylindrical disk of mass M
1 2 1 and radius R is attached to two identical
k x1 = I (2) 2  kx 12 = 4 I2
2 2 massless springs of spring constant k which
1 1 are fixed to the wall as shown in the figure.
kx 22 = (2I) 2  k x 22 = 2I2
2 2 The springs are attached to the axle of the
disk symmetrically on either side at a distance
x12 x1 2
 =2  = d from its centre. The axle is massless and
x 22 x2
both the springs and the axle are in a
horizontal plane. The unstretched length of
Q.20 When disc B is brought in contact with disc each spring is L. The disk is initially at its
A, they acquire a common angular velocity in equilibrium position with its centre of mass
time t. The average frictional torque on one (CM) at a distance L from the wall. The disk
disc by the other during this period is  
rolls without slipping with velocity V0  V0 î
2I 9I
(A) (B)
3t 2t The coefficient of friction is .
9I 3I [IIT–2008]
(C) (D)
4t 2t y
d  I2 
Sol.[A] P =  = 
dt  3  2d
d d
2I V0
= frictional torque. R
3t
x
Q.21 The loss of kinetic energy during the above Q.22 The net external force acting on the disk
process is – when its centre of mass is at displacement x
2 2 2 2
I I I I with respect to its equilibrium position -
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 3 4 6 (A) – kx (B) – 2kx
Sol.[B] From conservation of angular momentum
37
2kx 4kx v0 A A
(C) – (D) –
3 3 m
Sol.[B] When centre of mass of disk is at
displacement x, Then restoring force due to VCM
both springs x 
F = – 2kx. M
P
Q.23 The maximum value of V0 for which the B B
disk will roll without slipping is – from conservation of linear momentum
M M m
(A)  g (B)  g v0
k 2k (a) mv0 = MVCM  VCM = M
3M 5M from conservation of angular momentum
(C)  g (D)  g
k 2k
L ML2
2 mv0 = 
a max frR A 2 12
Sol.[C] max =  =
R  MR 2  R
  6 mv 0
 2   =
  ML
2µg 2µg 3µgM from conservation of KE
 = Am = =
 2 4K 2K
3m 1 1 1  ML2 
2
mv 02 = MVCM +  
2 2 2  12 
3µgM 4k 3M
 v0 = Am = = µg
2K 3M K  on putting the values of VCM and 
m 1
Q.24 A rod AB of mass M and length L is lying on  = .
M 4
a horizontal frictionless surface. A particle of
(b) Let point P be at distance x from centre of
mass m travelling along the surface hits the
rod
end ‘A’ of the rod with a velocity v0 in a
direction perpendicular to AB. The collision then
is completely elastic. After the collision the VCM – x = 0.
particle comes to rest. [IIT –2000] VCM mv 0 ML L
x= = × =
(a) Find the ratio m/M.  M 6mv 0 6
(b) A point P on the rod is at rest
L
immediately (c) After time t = angle traversed –
3v 0
after the collision. Find the distance AP.
(c) Find the linear speed of the point P at a 6mv 0 L
 = t = ×
ML 3v 0
time  L/(3v0) after the collision.
Sol. m 1

 M 4
m 1 

= M =2× 4 ×= 2
 = /2 radian
38
Net velocity of P at this instant 3 mv
Ans. =
(3 m  M ) L
2
VP = VCM  (x ) 2
On putting the values of VCM, , & x Q.26 Three particles A, B and C each of mass m,
v0 2 are connected to each other by three massless
VP = 4 rigid rods to form a rigid, equilateral
triangular body of side . This body is placed
1 L v 2
Ans. (a) (b) (c) 0 .
4 6 4 on a horizontal frictionless table (x-y plane)
and is hinged to it at the point A so that it can
Q.25 A wooden stick of mass M and length L is move without friction about the vertical axis
hinged at O. There is no friction at O. A through A (see figure). The body is set into
particle of mass 'm' moving with velocity 'v' rotational motion on the table about A with a
strikes the stick at its lower end and gets constant angular velocity . [IIT –2005]
stuck with it as shown in figure. Find the y
angular velocity of the system about O just
A x
after the collision. [IIT–2005]

O
M
F
L
B  C
v m (a) Find the magnitude of the horizontal

Sol. force exerted by the hinge on the body.
(b) At time T, when the side BC is parallel to
O the x-axis, a force F is applied on B along
No friction BC (as shown). Obtain the x-component
at O and the y-component of the force exerted
M L
by the hinge on the body, immediately
after time T.
v m
Sol.
From conservation of angular momentum about O y m = mass of particles
A, B, C
 ML  2 
mvL =  mL2   A x
 3 
 

 3m  M  
mv = L   
 3 
3 mv F
 = 
(3 m  M ) L B C
39
magnitude of centripetal force on B and C Calculate the acceleration of centre of mass
each of cylinder. [IIT –2005]
Sol.
F1 = m2
N m = mass of cylinder
Resultant force exerted by hinge on the body. R = radius

3 f
F = 2F1 cos 30 = 2 m2 ×
2 mg sin  P
mg cos 

F= 3 m2
mg

Cylinder will roll without slipping if point
Torque about A due to force F P has no linear motion.
F 3 v – R = 0 or v = R.
A =
2 Let a = linear acceleration of centre of mass.
F 3 mg sin  – f = m a
I= [ I = 2 m2]
2 and a = R
F 3 3F  opposing torque on cylinder

 =  =
2  2 m 2 4m  = f × R and  = I 
I I a Ia
 3F  f= =   = 2
And ax =  × = × R R R R
3 4m 3
mg sin  = f + ma
F 
ax = . and ay = 2  mR 2 
4m 3  I   a .
mg sin  =   m  a =  2R 2
 m

 R2   
F
Fx + F = 3 max = 3 m × 2
4m a= g sin .
3
2
3F Ans. a = g sin .
Fx + F = 3
4
F Q.28 'n' balls per second per unit area of mass m

  Fx = – (ie –ve x direction)
4 collide elastically with plate of mass m on the
Fy = 3m ay half shaded region as shown. If the plate
remains in equilibrium. Find the velocity of
2 
=3m× balls. (n = 100, m = 0.01 kg, M = 3kg, b =
3
2m, a = 1m, g = 10 m/s2.) [IIT-2006]
 Fy = 3 m  . 2
b
Ans. (a) 3 m2 (b) Fx = – F/4, Fy = 3 m2
a
Q.27 A cylinder of mass ‘m’ and Radius R rolls

down an inclined plane of inclination .
Sol.
40
b
2N
a P2 P
f1= ×2 = 
10 5
f2
n = 100 mg
m = 0.01 kg
M = 3 kg 2 – f2 = Macm …….(1)
b=2m f2 = 2 – 2 × 0.3 = 1 .4 N
a=2m (f2 – f1) R = Icm
g = 10 m/s2 a
 (f2 – f1) R = MR 2  cm
change in momentum of 1 ball = 2 mv. R
nab f2 – f1 = Macm
no. of balls colliding/sec = .
2 f1 = f2 – macm = 1.4 – 2 × 0.3 = 0.8 N
 Force due to collision of balls P
0 .8   P = 4
nab 5
F= (2mv)
2 Note : It has been assumed that the stick
and torque about hinge = F ×  dist.
nab 3b Mgb applies horizontal force of 2N (only normal
(2mv) × = reaction)
2 4 2
for equilibrium.
2 Mg 2  3  10
v= = Q.30 Four solid spheres each of diameter 5 cm
3 nabm 3  100  2  2  0.01
= 5 m/s. and mass 0.5 kg are placed with their centers
Ans. 5 m/s.
at the corners of a square of side 4 cm. The
momentum of inertia of the system about the
Q.29 A boy is pushing a ring of mass 2 kg and
diagonal of the square is N × 10–4kg-m2, then N
radius 0.5 m with a stick as shown in the
is. [IIT–2011]
figure. The stick applies a force of 2 N on the
Sol.[9]
ring and rolls it without slipping with an
m m
acceleration of 0.3 m/s2. The coefficient of
friction between the ground and the ring is
large enough that rolling always occurs and
the coefficient of friction between the stick
and the ring is (P/10). The value of P is. m m
[IIT–2011]
Stick 
5 5
r= cm = × 10–2 m
2 2
1
m= kg
2
 = 4 × 10–2 m
Ground
Sol. [4] Using parallel axis theorem
41
 2 1 5  about O, as a function of time is best
Itotal = 4     10 4  +
 5 2 4  represented by which plot ?
[IIT–2012]
 1 4 
2  2  8  10  z
  
 10–4 + 8 × 10–4  9 × 10–4 kg m2 v
O
Q.31 A thin ring of mass 2 kg and radius 0.5 m is
rolling without slipping on a horizontal plane 
||
with velocity 1 m/s. A small ball of mass 0.1 (A)
kg, moving with velocity 20 m/s in the
opposite direction, hits the ring at a height of t
T
0.75 m and goes vertically up with velocity
10 m/s. Immediately after the collision- 
||
[IIT–2011] (B)
10m/s t
20m/s T

0.75m 1m/s ||
(C)
(A) the ring has pure rotation about its t

T
stationary CM
(B) the ring comes to a complete stop 
||
(C) friction between the ring and the ground (D)
is to the left
(D) there is no friction between the ring and t
T
the ground Sol.[B] Angular momentum about rotational axis
Sol.[A,C] or [A] 
As no data is given about nature of horizontal
plane.
x v
* The most appropriate answer to this question
is (A,C), but because of ambiguity in x = vt
language, IIT has declared [(A, C), (A)] as L(t) = [I + m(vt)2]
correct answer dL t
 2mv 2 t ;
dt
Q.32 A thin uniform rod, pivoted at O, is rotating
torque  = (2mv2)t
in the horizontal plane with constant angular
speed , as shown in the figure. At time t = 0,
Q.33 A small mass m is attached to a massless
a small insect starts from O and moves with
string whose other end is fixed at P as shown
constant speed v with respect to the rod
in the figure. The mass is undergoing circular
towards the other end, it reaches the end of
motion in the x-y plane with centre at O and
the rod at t = T and stops. The angular speed
constant angular speed . If the angular
of the system remains  throughout. The
momentum of the system, calculated about O
magnitude of the torque (||) on the system
42
 
and P are denoted by L O and LP  
respectively, then
[IIT–2012] P Q
R R
z
P
vr
m
 (A)
  t
(A) L O and L P do not vary with time O T
  vr
(B) L O varies with time while L P remains
constant
 
(C) L O remains constant while L P varies
with time (B)
 
(D) L O and L P both vary with time t
O T
Ans. [C]
   vr
Sol.[C] L 0  r0  p

L 0 is always directed along the axis & its
magnitude is constant.
P (C)
t
O T
 
L 'P LP vr
(D)
Q.34 Two identical discs of same radius R are t

O T
rotating about their axes in opposite
Ans. [A]
directions with the same constant angular
Sol. [A]
speed . The discs are in the same horizontal
plane. At time
t = 0, the points P and Q are facing each other
as shown in the figure. The relative speed
between the two points P and Q is vr. In one
time period (T) of rotation of the discs, vr as a
function of time is best represented by –
[IIT–2012]
43
Sol.[C or D]
 
P Q  = t
 = t
R sin    R sin 
 
R R t Rsint
R cos  R cos 
Rt
So, vr = 2R sin (t)
At t = T/2, vr = 0 According to problem particle is to land on
So two half cycles will take place. disc.
If one consider a time 't' then x component of
displacement is Rt
Q.35 Consider a disc rotating in the horizontal
Rsint < Rt
plane with a constant angular speed  about This particle 'P' land on unshaded region. For
its centre O. The disc has a shaded region on "Q" x-component is very small and y-
one side of the diameter and an unshaded component equal to P it will also land in
region on the other side as shown in the unshaded region.
Now repeat same thing when right part is
figure. When the disc is in the orientation as
shaded then correct answer is "C" or "D"
shown, two pebbles P and Q are
simultaneously projected at an angle towards
R. The velocity of projection is in the y-z
Paragraph for Questions 36 and 37
plane and is same for both pebbles with
The general motion of a rigid body can be
respect to the disc. Assume that (i) they land
considered to be a combination of (i) a
back on the disc before the disc has
motion of its centre of mass about an axis,
1
completed rotation (ii) their range is less and (ii) its motion about an instantaneous axis
8
passing through the centre of mass. These
than half the disc radius and (iii)  remains
axes need not be stationary. Consider, for
constant throughout. Then
example, a thin uniform disc welded (rigidly
[IIT–2012]
fixed) horizontally at its rim to a massless
 stick, as shown in the figure. When the disc-
y
R
stick system is rotated about the origin on a
horizontal frictionless plane with angular
x O Q speed , the motion at any instant can be
taken as a combination of (i) a rotation of the
P centre of mass of the disc about the z-axis,
(A) P lands in the shaded region and Q in the and (ii) a rotation of the disc through an
unshaded region. instantaneous vertical axis passing through its
(B) P lands in the unshaded region and Q in centre of mass (as is seen from the changed
the shaded region. orientation of points P and Q). Both these
(C) Both P and Q land in the unshaded motions have the same angular speed  in
region. this chase.
(D) Both P and Q land in the shaded region.
Ans. [C or D]
44
Z (passing through the centre of mass) is correct
 ?
P P Q [IIT–2012]
Q y
(A) It is 2  for both the cases
x 
(B) It is  for case (a); and for case (b)
Now consider two similar systems as shown 2
in the figure : Case (a) the disc with its face (C) It is  for case (a); and 2  for case (b)
vertical and parallel to x-y plane; Case (b) the (D) It is  for both the cases
disc with its face making an angle of 45º with Ans. [D]
x-y plane and its horizontal diameter parallel Sol. [D] w.r.t. centre of mass only pure rotation of
to x-axis. In both the cases, the disc is welded disc will be seen. So in both the cases,
at point P, and the systems are rotated with angular speed about instantaneous axis will
constant angular speed  about the z-axis. be ‘‘’’
Z
 Q (MCQs.)
Q.38 The figure shows a system consisting of (i) a
y ring of outer radius 3R rolling clockwise
P without slipping on a horizontal surface with
x angular speed  and (ii) an inner disc of
Case (a) radius 2R rotating anti-clockwise with
Z
angular speed /2. The ring and disc are
 Q
separated by frictionless ball bearings. The
45º y system is in the x-z plane. The point P on the
P inner disc is at a distance R from the origin,
x where OP makes an angle of 30º with the
Case (b) horizontal. Then with respect to the
Q.36 Which of the following statements about the horizontal surface,
instantaneous axis (passing through the centre [IIT–2012]
z
of mass) is correct ?
[IIT–2012]
(A) It is vertical for both the cases (a) and (b) 
(B) It is vertical for case (a); and is at 45º to 2
the x-z plane and lies in the plane of the R P
3R 30º x
disc for case (b)
2R
(C) It is horizontal for case (a); and is at 45º
to the x-z plane and is normal to the
plane of the disc for case (b)
(D) It is vertical for case (a); and is at 45º to (A) the point O has a linear velocity 3R î
the x-z plane and is normal to the plane (B) the point P has a linear velocity
of the disc for case (b)
11 3
Ans. [A] Rî + Rk̂
Sol. [A] In both the cases, the instantaneous axis will 4 4
be along z-axis i.e. along vertical direction (C) the point P has a linear velocity
13 3
Q.37 Which of the following statements regarding Rî – Rk̂
4 4
the angular speed about the instantaneous axis
(D) the point P has a linear velocity
45
  mg sin 
 3  3 R î  1 Rk̂ acm =
 4  4  I cm 
  2  m
R 
Ans. [A, B]
As IP > IQ
Sol. [A, B] So aP < aQ
 ˆ So, vcm (Q) > vcm (P)
VP  3Rî  ( j)  (R cos 30î  R sin 30k̂ ) Hence Q > P
2
  11 3
= 3Rî  3 Rk̂  R î = R î  Rk̂
4 4 4 4
Q.39 Two solid cylinders P and Q of same mass Q.40 A lamina is made by removing a small disc of
and same radius start rolling down a flixed diameter 2R from a bigger disc of uniform
inclined plane from the same height at the mass density and radius 2R, as shown in the
same time. Cylinder P has most of its mass figure. The moment of inertia of this lamina
concentrated near its surface, while Q has about axes passing through O and P is I0 and
most of its mass concentrated near the axis. IP, respectively. Both these axes are
Which statement(s) is (are) correct ? perpendicular to the plane of the lamina. The
[IIT–2012] I
ratio P to the nearest integer is -
(A) Both cylinders P and Q reach the ground IO
at the same time. [IIT–2012]
(B) Cylinder P has larger linear acceleration
than cylinder Q. 2R
(C) Both cylinders reach the ground with P
O 2R
same translational kinetic energy
(D) Cylinder Q reaches the ground with
larger angular speed Ans. [3]
Ans. [D] Sol.[3]
Sol.[D]
N R
f
O P
mg 2R
Translation motion : Let mass of original disc = m

mg sin  – f = macm ...........(i)
Rotational motion m m
The mass of disc removed = ×R2 =
fR = Icm  ..........(ii) 2
( 4 R ) 4
Rolling without slipping
R = acm ........(iii) So M.O.I of remaining section about axis
From (ii) & (iii) passing through "O"I0
I a
f = cm 2cm m R2 m 2 
R m( 2R ) 2
= –   R 
Put this in (i) 2  4 ( 2) 4 
I a
mg sin  – cm 2cm = macm
R
46
 mR 2  2mR 2   3
 2mR2 –    2   mR
2
 8   8 
13
 mR2
8
MOI of remaining section about "P"
 m(2R ) 2  m R2 m 2
IP =   m ( 2R ) 2  –   5R 
 2   4 ( 2) 4 
 mR 2 5mR 2 
 [2mR2 + 4mR2] –   
 8 4 
11
 6mR2 – mR2
8
37
 mR2
8
IP 37 8
= × 3
IO 8 13
47
EXERCISE # 5(ARCHIVES)
 Old IIT-JEE Subjective type questions v=
10 gh
Q.1 A small sphere rolls down without slipping 7
from the top of a track in a vertical plane. The here h = 2.4 – 1.0 = 1.4 m.
track has an elevated section and a horizontal 10 g  1.4
v= = 2g
part, The horizontal part is 1.0 metre above 7
the ground level and the top of the track is
v= 2g is horizontal velocity at A, vertical
2.4 metres above the ground. Find the
distance on the ground with respect to the velocity = 0
point B (which is vertically below the end of Therefore time taken in falling on ground –
the track as shown in figure) where the sphere 2  h1 2
t= =
lands. During its flight as a projectile, does g g
the sphere continue to rotate about its centre Horizontal distance covered
of mass ? Explain. [IIT–1987]
2
x= v×r = 2g ×
g
x = 2 m.
2.4 m
during projectile motion, sphere continues to

rotate about its centre of mass, as angular
1.0 m momentum is conserved.
B Ans. 2m , yes
Sol.
Q.2 A smooth uniform rod of length L and mass
M has two identical beads of negligible size,
each of mass m, which can slide freely along
h2 = 2.4 m the rod. initially the two beads are at the
A centre of the rod and the system is rotating
h1 = 1 m 1.0 m
with a an angular velocity 0 about an axis
perpendicular to the rod and passing through
B
the midpoint of the rod . There are no external
Let m = mass and r = radius of sphere. v and forces. When the beads reach the ends of the
 are linear and angular velocities, at A. rod, find the angular velocity of the system.
In rolling from Top to A of incline Loss in PE [IIT–1988]
is converted in to translational and rotational
KE.
1 1
mgh = mv2 + I2
2 2 L/2 L/2
2 0
for sphere I = mr2
5
Sol.
v Axis
and  =
r
1 1 2 v2
Therefore mgh = mv2 + × mr2 × 2
2 2 5 r L/2 L/2
1  2 0
mgh = mv 2 1  
2  5
7 2 M = mass of Rod, L = length
2gh = v
5 m = mass of each bead
48
Initially the beads are at centre Plate form executes SHM due to motion and
ML2 cylinder rotates and cylinder rotates about its

I0 =
12 axis, as there is no slipping.
Initial angular momentum Therefore amax = Rmax
ML2
I00 = 0 for SHM amax = 2A
12
a max
max =
When beads reach the ends moment of inertia R
ML2 mL2 mL2 2A
I= + + max =
12 4 4 R
ML 2
mL 2 1 2A
max = Imax = MR2 × .
I= 12 + 2 2 R
1
(M  6 m) L2 max = max = MRA2
2
I= 12 1
Therefore angular moemtum Ans. MRA2
2
2
( M  6m ) L

I = 12
Q.4 A thin uniform bar lies on a frictionless on a
from conservation of angular momentum frictionless horizontal surface and is free to
I = I00
move in any way on the surface. Its mass is
(M  6m)L2 ML2
 = 0 0.16 kg and length 3 meters. Two particles,
12 12
M 0 each of mass 0.08 kg, are moving on the same
 = surface and towards the bar in a direction
M  6m
M 0 perpendicular tot the bar, on with a velocity
Ans. = of 10 m/s, and other with 6 m/s as shown
M  6m
figure. The first particle strikes the bar at
Q.3 A cylinder of mass M and radius R is resting point A and the other at point B points A and
on a horizontal platform (which is parallel to B are at a distance 0.5 m from the centre of
the x–y plane) with its axis fixed along the bar. The particles strike the bar at the same
y–axis and free to rotate about its axis. The instant of time and stick to the bar on
platform is given a motion in the x–direction collision. Calculate the loss of the KE of the
given by x = A cos(t). There is no slipping system in the above collision process.
between the cylinder and platform. Find the [IIT–1989]
maximum torque acting on the cylinder 10 m/s
during its motion. [IIT–1988] A
Sol.
z
6 m/s B
y
Sol.
x
x =a cos t
49
m 10 m/s 1 (10 2  6 2 )
A K1 =
2
0.5 m
1
O =  0.08 (102  62 )
2
0.5 m
B = 5.44 J
m 6 m/s
KE of system after collision
Let v1 and v2 are the velocities before
1 1
collision and v is final velocity of bar. From K2 = (M  2m) v 2 + I 2
2 2
conservation of momemtum. 1 1
= (0.16  0.16) 16 + × 0.08 × 4
mv1 + mv2 = (m + m + M) v 2 2
m (M + 2 m) v = 2.56 + 0.16
m ( v1  v 2 ) = 2.72 J
M  2m
v= . Therefore loss in KE = K1– K2
= 5.44 – 2.72 = 2.72 J Ans.
0.08 (10  6)
v = .16  2  0.08 = 4 m/s
0 …(1) Q.5 A carpet of mass M made of inextensible
from conservation of angular momentum material is rolled along its length in the form
of a cylinder of radius R and is kept on a
mv1r – mv2r = I rough floor. The carpet starts unrolling
…(2) without sliding on the floor when a negligible
small push is given to it. Calculate the
M 2 horizontal velocity of the axis of the
where I = + mr2 + mr2
12 cylindrical part of carpet when its radius
0.16 ( 3 ) 2
reduces to R/2. [IIT–1990]
= + 0.08 × (0.5)2 + 0.08 × Sol. Let  = width and  the density of carpet.
12
(0.5)2 M = R2 (when radius = R)
R
= 0.08 kgm2 when radius is
2
from equation (2) R2
Mass M1 =  .
(m v1 r – m v 2 r ) 4
 = M
2 M1 =
4
mr ( v 1 – v 2 ) PE of carpet before Rolling = MgR
=
I
R M R
0.08  0.5 (10 – 6) PE of carpet when radius  = g 
= 2 4 2
0.08
MgR
=
= 2 rad/sec. 8
KE of system before collision Loss in PE = Gain in KE
MgR 1 M 2 1 2
1 MgR – = v + I
K1 = m ( v12  v 22 ) 8 2 4 2
2
50
MR 2 1  M R2  MR 2 Angular momentum
But I = =   =
  ML2 ML2 
2 2 4 4  32  

 12 16 
v2 4 v2 
and 2 = = From conservation of angular momentum
R2 / 4 R2
 ML2 ML2 
7     = MvL
M v2 1 MR2 4 v2  12 16  4
 8 MgR = + × × 
8 2 32 R2 12 v
7  =
2 2 7L
8 MgR = M v [1  1 ] = 3 Mv . (b) After falling the insect in moving towards
8 2 16 B The moment of Inertia of system
14 changes.
 v2 = gR
3 Let the insect is at distance x from centre.
after time t.
14
v= gR Ans.
3
A'
Q.6 A homogeneous rod AB of length L = 1.8 m x

and mass M is pivoted at the centre O in such
a way that it can rotate freely in the vertical A B
plane (figure). The rod is initially in the Mg
horizontal position. An insect S of the same
mass M falls vertically with speed v on the B'
Mg
point C, midway between the points O and B.
Immediately after falling, the insect moves At this moment MI of the system
towards the end B such that the rod rotates
 ML 2 
with a constant angular velocity . =   Mx 2 

(a) Determine the angular velocity  in terms  12 
of v and L. ML  2 
Angular momentum =   Mx 2  

(b) If the insect reaches the end B when the  12 
rod has turned through an angle of 90º,
dL d  ML2 
determine v. [IIT–1992] and  = =  Mx 2  
dt 
dt  12 
Sol. Given L = 1.8 m 
Mass of Rod = M dx
 = 2 M × (  = constant)
 M dt
Torque provided by force Mg acting down word,
v  = Mg x
C
A L/2 O L/4 L/4 B  Mgx = 2M x dx
dt
(a) Initial angular momentum of insect
L  dx = g/2or v = g/2
about O = Mv dt
4
 time taken to rotate through /2
Moment of Inertia of Rod + Insect
2 
ML2 L t=
= + M  2
12 4
51
time taken by insect to move to the other end L
=
of I
L m r  L2 m L2
rod = /v = = ×r
4 I2 (m r 2 ) 2
L 2 L Since m and L are constant
t = × = .
4 g 2g
1
T or T  r–3
Equating both time r3
 L Ans. n=–3
=
2 2g
g
Q.8 A uniform thin rod of mass M and length L is
 2L = g   = standing vertically along the y–axis on a
L
smooth horizontal surface, with its lower end
  = 12 v  12 v = g at the origin (0, 0). A slight disturbance at t =
.
7L 7L L 0 causes the lower end to slip on the smooth
7L g 7 surface along the positive x–axis, and the rod
v= = gL
12 L 12 starts falling. [IIT-1993]
(i) What is the path followed by the centre of
7
3.14  10  1.8 mass of the rod during its fall ?
= 12
(ii) Find the equation to the trajectory of a
= 4.4 m/s. point on the rod located at a distance r from
12 v the lower end. What is the shape of the path
Ans. (a)  = (b) 4.4 m/s
7L of this point ?
Sol.
Q.7 A stone of mass m, tied to the end of a y
string, is whirled around in a horizontal (0,y) B
circle.(Neglect the force due to gravity). The
N C
length of the string is reduced gradually
keeping the angular momentum of the stone
A
about the centre of the circle constant. Then x
O M (x, 0)
the tension in the string is given by T = Arn
where A is a constant, r is the instantaneous Let the ends of rod have coordinates (x, 0)
radius of the circle. Find the value and (0, y) at any instant.
of n. [IIT–1993]  = angle, rod makes with x–axis.
Sol.  = angle, rod makes with x–axis.
 CBN and  ABO are similar
CN AO
=
CB AB
Tension in the string T = mr2 and angular CN x x

=  CN =
L L 2
momentum
2
L = I   ACM and  ABO are similar
52
CM OB
=
CA AB P P
CM y y
=  CM = mA A
L L 2
2
2
The coordinates of centre of mass C are
x y B mB
 ,  B
2 2
mv
from ABO
x2 + y2 = L2 (a) (b)
2 2 2
x y L Sol.
        
2 2 2 P
 The motion of centre of mass is a mA 
A
L
circular path of radius . and centre
2 2
of circle is origin.
 (ii) Consider any point P (x, y) at mB B
distance r from A and  is angle of
mv
inclination of rod.
x
(b)
cos  = – r
L
y given  = 0.6 m, mA = 0.01 kg
and sin  =
r
mB = 0.02 kg , m = 0.05 kg
further cos2 + sin2 = 1
2 2 Torque about Pivot P is zero.
 x   y
    =1  Angular momentum is conserved
L–r  r 
L mv(2) = I
Ans. (i) circular path of radius
2  ( I = MI of system about P.)
mA2
2 2
 x  y 1
(ii)   +   =1 IA = = × 0.01 × (0.6)2
 L – r  r 3 3
= 1.2 × 10–3 kgm2
2
m B 2  3  7
Q.9 Two uniform thin rods A and B of length 0.6 IB = + mB   = mB2
m each and of masses 0.01 kg and 0.02 kg 12  2 3
respectively are rigidly jointed, end to end. 7
The combination is pivoted at the lighter end = × 0.02 × (0.6)2 = 1.68 × 10–2 kgm2
3
P as shown in figure such that it can freely
Ic = m(2)2 = 0.05 × (1.2)2 = 7.2 × 10–2 kgm2
rotate about the point P in a vertical plane. A
small object of mass 0.05 kg, moving I = IA + IB + IC
horizontally hits the lower end of the
= (0.12 × 10–2 + 1.68 × 10–2 + 7.2 × 10–2) kgm2
combination and sticks to it. What should be
I = 9 × 10–2 kgm2
the velocity of the object so that the system
could just be raised to the horizontal position. from equation (1)
[IIT–1994]
53
2 mv 2  0.05  v  0.6 2  = angular retardation of drum Y.
= = = v
I 9  10 – 2 3
a = 0.2  or a = R
The rod moves
Rotational KE = gravitational PE mg sin 30 – T = ma
1 2 …..(1)
I = (mA + mB + m) g YCM
2
m A Y1  m B Y2  mY3 and TR = I
YCM =
mA  mB  m
mg TR
 – T = ma, =
0.01 0.3  0.02  0.9  0.05  1.2 2 I
YCM =
0.01  0.02  0.05
TR 2T
= 2
=
81  = 2v MR MR
YCM =
80 3 2
2 2T
a  a
 1 × 9 × 10–2 ×  2 v  = 0.08  9.8  81  = = .
2 3  80 R R MR
 v = 6.3 m/s 2T
 a=
M
Q.10 A block X of mass 0.5 kg is held by a long
from equation (1)
massless string on a frictionless inclined
plane of inclination 30º to the horizontal. The mg
= T + ma
string is wound on a uniform solid cylindrical 2
drum Y of mass 2 kg and of radius 0.2 m as mg 2m
= T + T
shown in figure. The drum is given an initial 2 M
angular velocity, such that the block X starts mg T ( M  2m) M mg
=  T=
moving up the plane. (i) Find the tension in 2 M 2 ( M  2m )
the string during motion. (ii) At a certain
instant of time, the magnitude of the angular 1 2  0.5  9.8
T = ×
velocity of Y is 10 rad./s. Calculate the 2 (2  2  0.5)
distance travelled by X from that instant of
time until it comes to rest. T = 1.63 N
[IIT–1994]
2T 2  1.63
R and  = = = 8.15 rad/s2
Y MR 2  0 .2
Y T
x and a = R = 8.15 × 0.2 = 1.63 m/s2
mg sin

30° mg mg cos  At the moment when angular velocity of
30°
drum
Sol. x = 0.5 kg = m
0 = 10 rad/s
drum y solid (M) = 2 kg , radius (R) = 0.2 Linear velocity of block V0 = 0R
m. V0 = 10× 0.2 = 2 m/s.
Let a = linear acceleration of block x

54
Hence distance moved by block when comes
to rest
v 02 2 2
S= =
2a 2  1.63
S = 1.224 m
Ans. (i) Tension = 1.63 N
(ii) S = 1.224 m (1)

Q.11 A rectangular rigid fixed block has a long
horizontal edge. A solid homogeneous R
 R cos 
cylinder of radius R is placed horizontally at
rest with its length parallel to the edge such
that the axis of the cylinder and the edge of
the block are in the same vertical plane as
(2)
shown in Figure. There is sufficient friction

present at the edge so that a very small
displacement causes the cylinder to roll off
the edge without slipping. Determine : v'
[IIT–1995] (3)
(PE + KE)1 = (PE + KE)2

1 2 1
mgR+ 0 = mgR cos  + I + mv2
2 2
( No slipping at point of contact
R   = v/R )
mR 2
and I=
2
1  mR 2   v2 
 mgR = mgR cos  +    
2  2   R2 
   
(a) the angle c through which the cylinder
rotates before it leaves contact with the 1
+ mv 2
edge, 2
(b) the speed of the centre of mass of the 3 2
cylinder before leaving contact with the  v = gR (1 – cos )
4
edge, and
At the time of leaving contact normal
(c) the ratio of the translational to rotational
kinetic energies of the cylinder when its reaction N = 0, and  = C
centre of mass is in horizontal line with
m v2
the edge. mg cos C =
R
Sol.
4
g cos C = g(1 – cos C)
3
4 4
cos  + cos C =
3 3
55
7 4 4 centre of the larger sphere when the smaller
cos C =  cosC =
3 3 7 sphere reaches the other extreme position.
 4  [IIT–1996]
 C = cos–1  
7 Sol.
4 Y
(b) v2 = gR (1 – cos C)
3
M
4  4 4 3 6R
v2 = gR 1 –  = gR ×
3  7  3 7 X
4M (L, 0)
4 R
v= gR
7
Y
Therefore speed of CM of cylinder just
before M
4 C2 C1
lossing contact v = gR .
7 X
(x,0)
Rotational KE.
4M C1 = (L + 5R), 0
1 2 1  mR 2  v2
 1
KR = I =   R2
= mv 2
2 2  2  4
C2 = (x – 5R), 0
1 4 mgR
KR = m× gR=
4 7 7 Since all the surfaces are smooth no external
force is acting on the system in horizontal
(c) When cylinder loses contact N = 0 and direction –
frictional force also vanished (responsible for Therefore centre of mass of system in
rotation) horizontal direction is stationary.
 KR = constant, while m1 x 1  m 2 x 2
xcoordinate =
 translational KE increases, from conservation m1  m 2
– 4 M  L  M  ( L  5R )
Decrease in PE = Gain in KR + Translation xi =
4M  M
KE
xi = (L + R)
mgR 6
KTranslational = mgR – = mgR ……(1)
7 7 Let (x , 0) are the coordinate of large sphere
KT 6 7 in final position .
 = mgR × =6
KR 7 mgR Then x–coordinate of CM finally will be
4 M  x  M ( x – 5R )
xf =
Q.12 A small Y 4M  M
xf = x – R
sphere of …….(2)
radius R is M equating xi and xf
6R
held against x–R=L+R
the inner X x=L+2R
4M (L, 0) Therefore coordinates of large sphere when
surface of a R
larger sphere smaller sphere reaches the other extreme
position. [(L + 2 R), 0].
of radius 6R.(shown in figure). The masses
Ans. [(L + 2 R), 0]
of large and small spheres are 4M and M,
respectively. This arrangement is placed on a Q.13 A uniform disc of mass m and radius R is
horizontal table. There is no friction between
projected horizontally with velocity o on a
any surfaces of contact. The small sphere is
rough horizontal floor so that it starts off with
now released. Find the coordinates of the
56
a purely sliding motion at t = 0. After t0 v0 v
v = v0 – mg × = v0 – 0
seconds, it acquires a purely rolling motion as 3 g 3
shown in figure. [IIT–1997] 2
 v= v0
3
V0 work done by friction for t  t0
work done by friction = KE of disc at time t
– KE of disc at t = 0
t=0 t = t0 1 1 1
W= mv2 + I2 – mv02
(i) Calculate the velocity of the centre of 2 2 2
mass of the disc at t0.
(ii) Assuming the coefficient of friction to be 1 1  mR 2   2  g t 2
W= m(v0 – gt )2 +  
  R 
, calculate t0. Also calculate the work 2 2  2 
done by the frictional force as a function 1
– mv02
of time and the total work done by it 2
Sol. W= 
1 3m 2 g 2 t 2 – 2mv 0  gt 
Sliding Pure Rolling 2
 mgt
 3gt – 2v 0 
V0 V W= 2
2v 0  mgt
Ans. (i) v = (ii) w = [3 gt – 2v0]
3 2
fmax =mg f =0
at t = 0 at t = t0
Q.14 Two thin circular discs of mass 2 kg and
radius 10 cm each are joined by a rigid
a 
massless rod of length 20 cm. The axis of the
rod is along the perpendicular to the planes of
f the disc through their centres (see Fig.). This
f =mg object is kept on a truck in such a way that
at t < t0
the axis of the object is
f horizontal and perpendicular to the direction
linear retardation a 
 g .
m of the motion of the truck. Its friction with the
 fR 2f floor of the truck is large enough so that the
and  = = 2
=
I mR / 2 m R object can roll on the truck without slipping.
2 g Take x axis as the direction of motion of the
=
R truck and z axis as the vertically upward
Let v = linear velocity and  = angular direction. If the truck has an acceleration of 9
velocity. m/s2 calculate
at t = t0, Then
(i) The force of friction on each disc.
v = v0 – a t0  v = v0 – gt0
(ii) The magnitude and the direction of the
….(1)
2 gt 0 frictional torque acting on each disc about the
and  =  t0   = centre of mass O of the object. Express the
R
for pure rolling v = R torque in the vector form in terms of unit
v0 – µgt0 = 2 µgt0 vectors î , ĵ and k̂ in the x, y and z
v
v0 = 3 µgt0  t0 = 0 directions. [IIT–1997]
3µg
from equation (1)
v = v0 – gt0
v = v0 – gt0
57
0.2 m  
0.10 ĵ
1 rp = r1 = – – 0.10 k̂
z

O1 45° O y O2 and rQ = r2 = 0.10 ĵ – 0.10 k̂
45° frictional torque on (1) about O
m m
2 x   
P1 P2 (–0.10 ĵ – 0.10 k̂ )
1 = r1 × f = × 6 î
(A)
= 0.6 k̂ – 0.6ˆj = 0.6 (k̂ – ĵ)
Disc

1  0.62  0.62 = 0.85 Nm.
 y
F' = maT aT
x   
Similarly  2 = r2  f
0.1 m
f 
= 0.6 – ĵ – k̂ 
 
(B) 1   2 = 0.85 Nm.
Sol. frictional force of disc should be in forward
direction – Ans.  
6 î N and 0.6 – ˆj – k̂ and 0.6 – ˆj  k̂  
f f
a0 = =
m 2 Q.15 A uniform circular disc has radius R and mass
 fR 2f 2f m. A particle, also of mass m, is fixed at a
and  = = = =
I mR 2 mR 2  0.1 point A on the edge of the disc as shown in
2 the figure. The disc can rotate freely about a
 = 10 f …..(1) fixed horizontal chord PQ that is at a distance
R/4 from the centre C of the disc. The line
Since there is no slipping between disc and
AC is perpendicular to PQ. Initially, the disc
truck
is held vertical with the point A at its highest
z
position. It is then allowed to fall so that it
y starts rotating about PQ. Find the linear speed
O of the particle as it reaches its lowest position.
x [IIT –1998]
P Q A
f f
Therefore acceleration of point P = R

acceleration of point Q.
 a0 + R = a C R/4
f f P Q
 a = + 0.1  = + 10 f × 0.1
2 2
Sol.
3 2a 29
a = f, f = = =6N A
2 3 3 m
This force is acting in (+ ve) x direction

R
f = 6 î N.
   C R/4
(ii)  = r × f
P Q
58
Moment of Inertia of disc about PQ 1 15
3 mgR = × mR22
2 8
16 g
2
  =
mR 2
R 5 5R
= + m  = mR2
4 4 16  Linear speed of particle
moment of Inertia of Particle
 R 5 16 g
2 2 R   R
 R 5 2 4 5R
about PQ = m  R   =m   R v=   = 4 × .
 4 4
5g R
25 v=
mR 2
= 16 5g R
Ans.
 MI of system about PQ
5 25 15 Q.16 A wedge of mass m and triangular cross
= mR 2  mR 2 = mR 2
16 16 8 section (AB = BC = CA = 2R) is moving with
  Loss in PE of particle when reaches at a constant velocity –vi towards sphere of
lowest position radius R fixed on smooth horizontal table as
shown in fig. The wedge makes an elastic
m
collision with the fixed sphere and returns
(R+ R/4) along the same path without any rotation.
Neglect all friction and suppose that the
Q
P wedge remains in contact with the sphere for
(R+ R/4)
a very shot time t, during which the sphere
m exerts a constant force F on the wedge.
Y A
 R R
Loss = mg  R   R  
 4 4
R v
5
= mgR X
2 B C
 Loss in PE of Disc
Z
(a) Find the force F and also normal force N
c exerted by the table on the wedge during
R/2 the time t.
c (b) Let h denote the perpendicular distance
between the centre of mass of the wedge
and the line of action of F. Find the
R R mgR magnitude of the torque due to the normal
= mg    = 
4 4 2 force N about the centre of the wedge
during the interval t. [IIT-1998]
5 mgR
 Total Loss in PE = mgR + Sol.
2 2
= 3 mgR
Loss in PE = Gain in KE
1
3 mgR = × Isystem 2
2
59
Z A   4mvh
 N = –  F = F × h ĵ = ĵ
3 t
v  2mv  1  2mv
Ans. F = î  k̂  , N = mg +
t  3  3 t
X
B C
 4mvh
(b) N = ĵ
3 t
Y
Since collision is elastic wedge will recede
with same speed as sphere is fixed. Q.17 A man pushes a cylinder of mass m1 with the
and change in momentum of wedge help of a plank of mass m2 as shown in
Px = 2mv
figure. There is no slipping at any contact.
Z
N The horizontal component of the force
F applied by the man is F. Find
mg F m2
30º
30º m1
X
(a) the accelerations of the plank and the
F
Component of force along x axis centre of mass of the cylinder, and
= F cos 30º (b) the magnitudes and directions of
Hence F cos 30 × t = 2 mv. frictional forces at contact points. [IIT–1999]
4mv Sol.
 F=
3 t F m2

F = F cos 30 î + F sin 30 (– k̂ ) m1
 4mv 3 4mv 1
F = × î – × k̂
3 t 2 3 t 2
 F m2 b
2mv 2mv plank
F = î – k̂
t 3 t f1
 2mv  1 
F = î  k̂  f1
t  3 
 For vertical direction m1 ac
N = mg + F sin 30 cylinder
f2
4mv 1
N = mg + ×  b = 2ac
3 t 2
 Let b = acceleration of plank.
2mv ac = acceleration of cylinder.
N = mg +
3 t There is no slipping
  for plank F – f1 = m2b = m2 (2 ac).
2mv 
In vector form N = – mg   k̂ for cylinder f1 +f2 = m1 ac
 3 t  …..(1)
Taking moments about centre of wedge and f1R – f2R = I
 m1R 2
  =0 
    R (f1 – f2) = 2
i.e.  F +  N +  mg = 0 ac

  mg =0 R = radius of cylinder and  = R
60
m1a c laminar sheet is zero during the impact.
f1 – f2 = 2 Initially the laminar sheet hits one of the
…..(2) obstacles with an angular velocity 1 rad/s and
from (1) and (2) turns back. If the impulse on the sheet due to
3
each obstacle is 6 N-s,
f1 = 4 m1ac. A
3
 F – 4 m1ac = 2m2ac
3  Q
 m1  2 m 2  a c
4
  F=  
4F
P B
3m1  8m 2
 ac =
8F (a) find the location of the centre of mass of

3m1  8m 2
and  b = 2ac = the laminar sheet from AB.
from (1) f2 = m1ac – f1 (b) At what angular velocity does the laminar
3 m1a c sheet come back after the first impact.
m1a c
= m1ac – 4 = 4 (c) After how many impacts, does the
3  4F  laminar sheet come to rest. [IIT–2001]
m1  
4  3m1  8m 2  Sol. MI of lamina a parallel to AB and passing
Hence f1 =
3m1F through CM is = 1.2 kgm2.
3m1  8m 2
f1 =
given  = 1 rad/s angular velocity of laminar
m  4F 
f2 = 1  
4  3m1  8m 2  sheet before impact
m1 f ' = angular velocity after collision.
f2 =
3m1  8m 2
Since change in angular momentum is equal
8F
Ans. acceleration of plank = .
3m1  8m 2 to
4F moment of impulse –
acceleration of cylinder =
3m1  8m 2
IAB ( + ') = 0.5 × 6 = 3 Nms. .. (1)
3 m1f m1f
f1 = , f2 =
8m 2  3m1 3 m1  8 m 2 IAB = ICM + m2 ..(2)
Q.18 Two heavy metallic plates are joined together As hings do not impart any momentum,
at 90º to each other. A laminar sheet of mass Therefore change in momentum is equal to
30 kg is hinged at the line AB joining the two
heavy metallic plates. The hinges are impulse.
frictionless. The moment of inertia of the Therefore m ( + ') = 6 Ns …(3)
laminar sheet about an axis parallel to AB and
passing through its centre of mass is 1.2 kg– On dividing (1) by (3).
m2. Two rubber obstacles P and Q are fixed,
I AB 1
one on each metallic plate at a distance 0.5 m m = 2  2IAB = m
from the line AB. This distance is chosen so
that the reaction due to the hinges on the
61
 But IAB = ICM + m2
Sol. x1 = v0t – A (1 – cos t)
2(ICM + m2) = m m1 x1  m 2 x 2
m1  m 2
xCM = = v0t
2 (1.2 + 30 2) = 30 
 m2x2 + m1 [v0t – A (1 – cos t)]
 302 – 15+ 1.2 = 0 = m1v0t + m2v0t
 x2 =
  = 0.4 m or  = 0.1 m.
m1 v 0 t  m 2 v 0 t – m1v 0 t  m1A (1 – cos  t )
m2
On putting  = 0.4 m equation.
m1
x2 = v0t + A (1 – cos t)
m ( + ') = 6 m2
d 2 x1
30 × 0.4 ( + ') = 6 And a1 = = – 2A cos t
d t2
1
  + ' = 2 The separation between the blocks will be
But  = 1  ' = – ½ 0 when a1 = 0 or cos t = 0
Hence not possible. m1

 x2 – x1 = v0t + A – v0t + A
 = 0.1 m m2
 cos t = 0
30 × 0.1 (1 + ') = 6
 m1 
' = 1 rad/s. or 0 = A  1
 m2 
This is possible if collision is elastic. Thus
m1
initial and Final angular velocities are same. m2
Ans. x2 = v0t + A(1 – cos t)
Thus no. of collisions are infinite.
 m1 
0 = A  1
Ans (a) 0.1 m , (b) 1 rad/s, (c) Infinite
 m2 
Q.19 Two masses m1 and m2 connected by a light

Q.20 A small disc and a thin uniform rod of length
spring of natural length 0 is compressed
L, whose mass is  times greater than the
completely and tied by a string. This system mass of the disc, lie on a smooth horizontal
while moving with a velocity v0 along +ve plane. The disc is set in motion, in horizontal
x-axis pass through the origin at t = 0. At this direction and perpendicular to the rod, with
position the string snaps. Position of mass m1 velocity v, after which it elastically collides
at time t is given by the equation with end of the rod. Find the velocity of the
x1(t) = v0t – A(1 – cost). Calculate disc and the angular velocity of the rod after
(a) position of the particle m2 as a function of the collision. At what value of  will the
velocity of the disc after the collision be equal
time
to zero ? Reverse the direction ?
(b) 0 in terms of A [IIT–2003]
62
The uniform cylinder of mass m is placed on
the wedge and it begins to roll down without
slipping. Show that the acceleration of
L cylinder on the surface of wedge is given as
2g sin  (m  M)
v
a= .
Sol. m  3M  2 m sin 2 
Let m = mass of Disc m
m = mass of Rod.
v1 = velocity of disc after collision.
v2 = velocity of Rod after collision. M
from conservation of linear momentum

mv = mv1 + mv2
v = v1 + v2 Sol.
v – v1 N+ma'sin 
 v2 =
 m
f
2
L L  mL ma'
mv = mv1   
2 2 12
L 6 ( v – v1 ) mg cos 
v = v1 +   = ma'cos +mgsin  
6 L mg M
from energy conservation
1 1 1  mL2 N
mv 2 = mv12 + × ×
2 2 2 12
2
 6( v – v1 )  1 f a'
  +
 L  2

mv22 Let the cylinder has acceleration
2
3 ( v – v1 ) 2  v – v1  = a, downward
v2 = v12 + +    and wedge has acceleration = a' in horizontal
   
direction.
3 1
v2 – v12 =    v – v1 2 mg sin  + ma' cos  – f = ma
   ….(1)
4 and N + ma' sin  = mg cos .
(v + v1) (v – v1) = (v – v1)2 …..(2)

f×r=I
4
v + v1 = ( v – v1 ) ….(3)
y
(r = radius of
 4 –  cylinder)
 v1 =   v
 4 and a = r
……(4)
 v1 will be zero if  = 4
For wdge
 v1 will be negative if  > 4
 4 –  6 ( v – v1 ) N sin  – f cos  = Ma'
Ans. v1 =   v, =
 4 L …..(5)
v1 = 0 if  = 4, multiply equation (2) by sin 
v1 negative if  > 4. N sin  + ma' sin2 = mg sin cos 
…..(6)
Subtract equation (5) from (6).
Q.21 A rough wedge of mass M is free to move on ma' sin2 + Ma' = mg sin  cos  – f cos 
a smooth horizontal plane as shown in figure.
63
mg sin  cos  – f cos 
 a' = 
(M  m sin 2 )
  from equation (3) and (4)
mr 2 a
f×r = ×
2 r
ma
 f =
2
On putting the values of a' and f in equation
(1)
mg sin  + (m cos ) a' – f = ma
mg sin  + m cos 
 ma 
 mg sin  cos  – 2 cos   ma
 – =
 M  m sin 2   2
 
ma
On solving
2g sin  (M  m)
a=
(m  3M  2m sin 2 )
64

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EXERCISE # 1

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Q.24 Assertion : When ice on polar caps of earth

Q.2 An ice skater spins with arms outstretched at r2 r2

but f = s mg cos  Solid cylinder

Minimum coefficient of friction to prevent

Passage - I (Q. 23 to 25)

Q.26 A disc of radius R rolls on a horizontal

Q.29 What is the speed(approx.) of ball’s center of

M M Q.3 An equilateral triangle ABC formed from a

Q.10 A particle is confined to rotate in a circular Sol.[A] 2a

Fig.1 Hence Disc

v m (a) Find the magnitude of the horizontal

F 3 3F  opposing torque on cylinder

F Q.28 'n' balls per second per unit area of mass m

Q.27 A cylinder of mass ‘m’ and Radius R rolls

(A) the ring has pure rotation about its t

Q.34 Two identical discs of same radius R are t

Translation motion : Let mass of original disc = m

during projectile motion, sphere continues to

ML2 cylinder rotates and cylinder rotates about its

Q.6 A homogeneous rod AB of length L = 1.8 m x

Tension in the string T = mr2 and angular CN x x

m. V0 = 10× 0.2 = 2 m/s.

Let a = linear acceleration of block x

(PE + KE)1 = (PE + KE)2

Therefore acceleration of point P = R

8F (a) find the location of the centre of mass of

But  = 1  ' = – ½ 0 when a1 = 0 or cos t = 0

Hence not possible. m1

Q.19 Two masses m1 and m2 connected by a light

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