K2 Systems GMBH: Calculation Basis

Mounting systems for solar technology
K2 SYSTEMS GMBH PROJECT: Liceul Teoretic Vasile Vasilache
AUTHOR: Radu Timbalist
CALCULATION BASIS DATE: 3/2/2022

PROJECT DATA
GENERAL INFORMATION
Name Liceul Teoretic Vasile Vasilache
Mounting System SolidRail
Customer Primaria mun. Chisinau
Contact Radu
Author Radu Timbalist
LOCATION
Address Str. Anatol Corobceanu,
Chișinău
Ground level 86.70 m
Roof type Gable roof
Fastening method Roof construction
Roof covering Corrugated
Building height 7.00 m
Roof pitch 17 °
min. roof edge distance 0.00 m
Purlin Distance 1.00 m
Purlin Material Timber
Purlin Width 0.080 m
Purlin Height 0.200 m Sheet quality Corrugated fibre cement
165 N/mm²
Wave distance 200.000 mm Sheet thickness 0.550 mm
Terrain category IV: Urban areas
LOADS
Design method Eurocode
Failure consequence class CC1 Design working life 25 years
velocity pressure qp,25= 0.024 kN/m²
Snow load on ground sk = 0.500 kN/m²

level
MODULES
Manufacturer Axitec Energy GmbH & Quantity 54
Co. KG
Name AC-375MH/120V Output 20.250 kWp
(AXIpremium XL HC
1755x1038mm)
Dimensions LxWxH 1755 x 1038 x 35.00 mm
Weight 19.5 kg
Radu Timbalist | 3/2/2022 K2 Base 3.1.4.5 2 | 17

Power 375 W

ASSEMBLY PLAN
BASE RAILS
Whole Rails Rail cutting

Type Total Rail Quantity Part of Length Rest
Length Rail
/m 4.40 m /m /m /m
A 1.418 4.400 1.418 2.972
B 1.418 2.972 1.418 1.544
C 1.418 1.544 1.418 0.116
D 1.413 2.972 1.413 1.549
E 1.413 1.549 1.413 0.126
F 1.413 4.400 1.413 2.977
G 1.413 2.977 1.413 1.554
H 1.413 1.554 1.413 0.132
I 1.413 4.400 1.413 2.977
J 1.413 2.977 1.413 1.554
K 1.403 1.554 1.403 0.141
L 1.403 4.400 1.403 2.987
M 1.403 2.987 1.403 1.573
N 1.403 1.573 1.403 0.160
O 1.403 4.400 1.403 2.987
P 1.403 2.987 1.403 1.573
Q 1.403 1.573 1.403 0.160
R 1.325 2.987 1.325 1.651
S 1.325 1.651 1.325 0.316
T 1.325 4.400 1.325 3.065
U 1.325 3.065 1.325 1.729
V 1.285 1.729 1.285 0.434
W 1.285 4.400 1.285 3.105
X 1.285 3.105 1.285 1.810
Y 1.285 1.810 1.285 0.515
Z 1.285 4.400 1.285 3.105
AA 1.285 3.105 1.285 1.810
AB 1.285 1.810 1.285 0.515

UPPER RAIL
Whole Rails Rail cutting

Type Total Rail Quantity Part of Length Rest
Length Rail
/m 4.40 m /m /m /m
A 12.719 2 4.400 3.919 0.471
B 16.923 3 4.400 3.723 0.667
C 5.362 1 4.400 1.000 3.390
D 5.362 1 3.390 1.000 2.380
E 5.362 1 2.380 1.000 1.370
F 5.362 1 1.370 1.000 0.360
LEGEND
4.81 Distance to Roof Edge [m]

Fastener
Base rails
MODULE ARRAYS
Module array Width [ m ] Length [ m ] Width in Length in

modules modules
1 16.80 1.76 16 1
2 16.80 1.76 16 1
3 12.60 1.76 12 1
4 5.24 1.76 5 1
5 5.24 1.76 5 1

ASSEMBLY PLAN - OVERVIEW
0.11 m
0.58 m
5.97 m
3.1 m
5.91 m
2
42.84 m
42.84 m
5
13.23 m
6.06 m
4.42 m
5.97 m
0.13 m
0.82 m
0.14 m

ASSEMBLY PLAN - BASE RAIL LAYER
2.99 m 1.46 m
3.5 m
I
U
H
T
H
S
G
R
F
Q
E
P
D
35.84 m
AB
O
AB
N
AA
M
AA
L
Z
K
Z
C
Y
B
X
A
W
A
V
1.14 m
2.99 m

ASSEMBLY PLAN - UPPER RAIL LAYER
D C
B B
A A
F E
B B


RESULTS
COMPONENTS
Fastener HangerBolt Set M10x180
Screw-In Depth 67.00 mm
L2 (Height Adapter plate) 28.00 mm
Base Rails K2 SolidRail UltraLight 32
Upper Rail K2 SingleRail 36
Type rail adapter Adapter plate
Direction adapter plate Up
LOADS ON MODULES
ultimate state [Pa] serviceability [Pa]

A-TrA
Array Pressure Pressure Uplift Uplift Pressure Pressure Uplift Uplift
[m²] Perpendicular Parallel Perpendicular Parallel Perpendicular Parallel Perpendicular Parallel
field area 1.82 583.3 177.0 87.3 36.7 463.1 140.6 94.3 36.7
eaves 1.82 584.0 177.0 79.3 36.7 463.7 140.6 88.1 36.7
corner region (eave) 1.82 584.0 177.0 65.2 36.7 463.7 140.6 77.0 36.7
ridge 1.82 583.3 177.0 81.0 36.7 463.1 140.6 89.4 36.7
UPPER RAIL - UTILIZATION RESULT
load-bearing capacity Usab. Distances maximum values

No. roof areas Pr CL Fst Pr Fst UR CL Fst
Module Array σ [%] σ [%] F [%] f [%] [m] [m] Lmax[m] Fst Dmax[m]
1 field area 51.6 16.4 --- 70.0 1.800 --- 0.547 1.968
1 eaves 51.6 16.4 --- 70.1 1.800 --- 0.546 1.967
2 field area 51.6 13.8 --- 70.0 1.800 --- 0.547 1.968
2 corner region (eave) 51.6 7.5 --- 70.1 1.800 --- 0.546 1.967
2 eaves 51.6 13.9 --- 70.1 1.800 --- 0.546 1.967
3 field area 51.6 3.2 --- 70.0 1.800 --- 0.547 1.968
3 ridge 51.6 3.2 --- 70.0 1.800 --- 0.547 1.968
4 field area 51.6 0.8 --- 70.0 1.800 --- 0.547 1.968
4 ridge 51.6 0.8 --- 70.0 1.800 --- 0.547 1.968
5 field area 51.6 0.7 --- 70.0 1.800 --- 0.547 1.968
5 ridge 51.6 0.7 --- 70.0 1.800 --- 0.547 1.968
BASE RAILS - UTILIZATION RESULT

No. roof areas Pr CL Fst Pr Fst BR CL Fst
1 field area 41.7 0.0 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.424
1 eaves 41.8 11.4 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.423
2 field area 41.7 0.0 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.424
2 corner region (eave) 41.8 27.2 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.423
2 eaves 41.8 27.2 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.423
3 field area 41.7 25.7 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.424
3 ridge 41.7 0.0 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.424
4 field area 41.7 15.6 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.424
4 ridge 41.7 0.0 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.424
5 field area 41.7 27.9 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.424
5 ridge 41.7 0.0 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.424

Pr Profile
Fst Fastener
σ tension
f deflection
F Force
CL/Lmax [m] maximum cantilever length
Fst Dmax [m] maximum fastener spacing
BR base rail
UR Upper rail
Usab. usability
CL Cantilever
NOTES
- The design rules comply with the EURO CODE EN 1990 - Basis of structural design.
- Service life is recognised according to ‘Eurocode EN 1991 – Action on structures, Snow loads’ and
‘Eurocode EN 1991 – Actions on structures, Wind actions’. Subject to the Building Regulations and for
security-relevant reasons the installation has to be dismantled at the end of its service life.
- Failure consequence class is considered according to ‘Eurocode EN 1990 – Basis of structural design’.
- Data and results must be verified with regard to local conditions and checked by a suitably qualified
person. Please see our TCU under https://k2-systems.com/en/base-tcu , in particular § 2 ("technical and
specialist requirements for the customer"), § 7 ("warranty provisions") and § 8 ("limitation of liability").

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS REPORT
GENERAL INFORMATION
Name Liceul Teoretic Vasile Vasilache
Mounting System SolidRail
Customer Primaria mun. Chisinau
Contact Radu
Author Radu Timbalist
LOCATION
Address Str. Anatol Corobceanu,
Chișinău
Ground level 86.70 m
Roof type Gable roof
Fastening method Roof construction
Roof covering Corrugated
Building height 7.00 m
Roof pitch 17 °
min. roof edge distance 0.00 m
Purlin Distance 1.00 m
Purlin Material Timber
Purlin Width 0.080 m
Purlin Height 0.200 m Sheet quality Corrugated fibre cement
165 N/mm²
Wave distance 200.000 mm Sheet thickness 0.550 mm
Terrain category IV: Urban areas
LOADS
Design method Eurocode
Failure consequence class CC1 Design working life 25 years
WIND LOAD
Wind speed vb = 6.0 m/s
Adjustment factor for fw = 0.921
service life

ROOF AREAS
Array load impact area [m²] maxCpe minCpe wind pressure [kN/m²] wind uplift [kN/m²]
field area 10.00 0.227 -0.627 0.006 -0.015
eaves 10.00 0.267 -0.760 0.006 -0.019
corner region (eave) 10.00 0.267 -1.273 0.006 -0.031
ridge 10.00 0.227 -0.933 0.006 -0.023
SNOW LOAD
Environment Normal area
Snow load on ground sk = 0.500 kN/m²
level
Snow guard No
Shape Coefficient for mi = 0.800
Snow
Factor for roof pitch di = 0.956
Snow load on roof si,50 = 0.383 kN/m²
Adjustment factor for fs = 0.929
service life
Snow load on roof si,25 = 0.355 kN/m²
DEAD LOAD
Weight module GM = 19.5 kg Dead weight module = 10.70 kg/m²
Weight mounting system = 3.8 kg Dead weight mounting = 2.09 kg/m²
system
Module area AM = 1.82 m² Total Dead Weight = 0.13 kN/m²
(excl. ballast)

LOAD COMBINATIONS
LOAD-BEARING CAPACITY
Partial safety factor unfavorable permanent load gG,sup 1.35

Partial safety factor favorable permanent load gG,inf 1.00
Partial safety factor destabilising permanent load gG,dst 1.10
Partial safety factor stabilising permanent load gG,stb 0.90
Partial safety factor first variable load gQ 1.50
Partial safety factor variable loads gQ 1.50
Combination coefficient with regards to wind y 0,W 0.60
(additional varying influences)
Combination coefficient with regards to Snow y 0,S 0.50
Importance factor variable kFl,Q 0.85
Characteristic dead weight Gk
Characteristic snow load on the roof Si,n
Characteristic wind load Wk
Load case combination 00: Ed = gG,sup * kFl,G * Gk + gQ * kFl,Q * Si,n

Load case combination 02: Ed = gG,sup * kFl,G * Gk + gQ * kFl,Q * Wk,Pressure
Load case combination 03: Ed = gG,sup * kFl,G * Gk + gQ * kFl,Q * (Wk,Pressure + y 0,S * Si,n)
Load case combination 04: Ed = gG,sup * kFl,G * Gk + gQ * kFl,Q * (Si,n + y 0,W * Wk,Pressure)
Load case combination 05: Ed = kFl,G * Gk + gA * kFl,A * Sad,n + kFl,Q * y 1,W * Wk,Pressure
Load case combination 06: Ed = gG,inf * Gk + gQ * kFl,Q * Wk,Uplift
USABILITY

Combination coefficient with regards to Snow y 0,S 0.50
Load case combination 00:

Load case combination 01: Ed = Gk + Si,n
Load case combination 02: Ed = Gk + Wk,Pressure
Load case combination 03: Ed = Gk + Wk,Pressure + y 0,S * Si,n
Load case combination 04: Ed = Gk + Si,n + y 0,W * Wk,Pressure
Load case combination 06: Ed = Gk + Wk,Uplift

MAXIMUM LOAD ON MODULES
ultimate state [kN/m²] serviceability [kN/m²]

A-TrA
field area 10.00 0.583 0.177 0.100 0.037 0.463 0.141 0.105 0.037
eaves 10.00 0.584 0.177 0.096 0.037 0.464 0.141 0.101 0.037
ridge 10.00 0.583 0.177 0.091 0.037 0.463 0.141 0.097 0.037
MAX. LOAD ON FASTENER
ultimate state [kN] serviceability [kN]

A-TrA
field area 10.00 1.102 0.335 0.190 0.069 0.875 0.266 0.198 0.069
eaves 10.00 1.104 0.335 0.182 0.069 0.876 0.266 0.192 0.069
ridge 10.00 1.102 0.335 0.172 0.069 0.875 0.266 0.184 0.069
RESISTANCE VALUES OF COMPONENTS
BASE RAILS
No. Base Rails A Iy Iz Wy Wz

Module Array [cm²] [cm^4] [cm^4] [cm³] [cm³]
1-5 K2 SolidRail UltraLight 32 2.590 2.57 5.40 1.55 2.82
UPPER RAIL
No. Upper Rail A Iy Iz Wy Wz
Module Array [cm²] [cm^4] [cm^4] [cm³] [cm³]
1-5 K2 SingleRail 36 2.850 4.02 6.37 2.14 3.09
FASTENER
No. Fastener RD,Uplift,Perpendicular RD,Pressure,Perpendicular RD,Pressure,Parallel
Module Array [kN] [kN] [kN]
1-5 HangerBolt Set M10x180 -3.89 3.02 0.55
UPPER RAIL - UTILIZATION RESULT

No. roof areas Pr CL Fst Pr Fst UR CL Fst
1 field area 51.6 16.4 --- 70.0 1.800 --- 0.547 1.968
1 eaves 51.6 16.4 --- 70.1 1.800 --- 0.546 1.967
2 field area 51.6 13.8 --- 70.0 1.800 --- 0.547 1.968
2 corner region (eave) 51.6 7.5 --- 70.1 1.800 --- 0.546 1.967
2 eaves 51.6 13.9 --- 70.1 1.800 --- 0.546 1.967
3 field area 51.6 3.2 --- 70.0 1.800 --- 0.547 1.968
3 ridge 51.6 3.2 --- 70.0 1.800 --- 0.547 1.968
4 field area 51.6 0.8 --- 70.0 1.800 --- 0.547 1.968
4 ridge 51.6 0.8 --- 70.0 1.800 --- 0.547 1.968
5 field area 51.6 0.7 --- 70.0 1.800 --- 0.547 1.968
5 ridge 51.6 0.7 --- 70.0 1.800 --- 0.547 1.968

BASE RAILS - UTILIZATION RESULT

load-bearing capacity Usab. Distances
Module Array roof areas Pr CL Fst Pr Fst BR CL Fst
σ [%] σ [%] F [%] f [%] [m] [m] Lmax[m] Fst Dmax[m]
1 field area 41.7 0.0 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.424
1 eaves 41.8 11.4 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.423
2 field area 41.7 0.0 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.424
2 corner region (eave) 41.8 27.2 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.423
2 eaves 41.8 27.2 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.423
3 field area 41.7 25.7 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.424
3 ridge 41.7 0.0 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.424
4 field area 41.7 15.6 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.424
4 ridge 41.7 0.0 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.424
5 field area 41.7 27.9 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.424
5 ridge 41.7 0.0 46.9 34.7 1.000 1.800 0.436 1.424
Pr Profile
Fst Fastener
σ tension
f deflection
F Force
CL/Lmax [m] maximum cantilever length
Fst Dmax [m] maximum fastener spacing
BR base rail
UR Upper rail
Usab. usability
CL Cantilever
THE SYSTEM HAS BEEN SUCCESSFULLY CALCULATED.

TOTAL BILL OF MATERIALS (КРЫША 1)
Position Item no. Item description Quantity Weight
1 2000120 HangerBolt Set M10x180 72 13.8 kg

2 1000041 T-Bolt 28/15 M10x30 72 2.1 kg
3 1000042 Hexagon flange nut M10 72 0.8 kg
4 1004767 SingleRail 36 End Cap 20 0.1 kg
5 2002870 K2 Solar Cable Manager 54 0.2 kg
6 2003229 SolidRail UltraLight; 4.40 m 12 37.0 kg
7 2003145 SingleRail Climber Set 36/50 72 4.8 kg
8 1003586 MiddleClamp XS Set 34-38 98 6.9 kg
9 1005169 EndClamp Set 34-36 20 1.5 kg
10 2003222 SingleRail 36; 4.40 m 27 91.5 kg
11 2001976 SingleRail 36 RailConnector Set 20 7.5 kg
Total 166.2 kg

K2 Systems GMBH: Calculation Basis

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Mounting systems for solar technology

K2 SYSTEMS GMBH PROJECT: Liceul Teoretic Vasile Vasilache

AUTHOR: Radu Timbalist

CALCULATION BASIS DATE: 3/2/2022

velocity pressure qp,25= 0.024 kN/m²

Snow load on ground sk = 0.500 kN/m²

Radu Timbalist | 3/2/2022 K2 Base 3.1.4.5 2 | 17

Radu Timbalist | 3/2/2022 K2 Base 3.1.4.5 3 | 17

Whole Rails Rail cutting

B 1.418 2.972 1.418 1.544

C 1.418 1.544 1.418 0.116

D 1.413 2.972 1.413 1.549

E 1.413 1.549 1.413 0.126

F 1.413 4.400 1.413 2.977

G 1.413 2.977 1.413 1.554

H 1.413 1.554 1.413 0.132

I 1.413 4.400 1.413 2.977

J 1.413 2.977 1.413 1.554

K 1.403 1.554 1.403 0.141

L 1.403 4.400 1.403 2.987

M 1.403 2.987 1.403 1.573

N 1.403 1.573 1.403 0.160

O 1.403 4.400 1.403 2.987

P 1.403 2.987 1.403 1.573

Q 1.403 1.573 1.403 0.160

R 1.325 2.987 1.325 1.651

S 1.325 1.651 1.325 0.316

T 1.325 4.400 1.325 3.065

U 1.325 3.065 1.325 1.729

V 1.285 1.729 1.285 0.434

W 1.285 4.400 1.285 3.105

X 1.285 3.105 1.285 1.810

Y 1.285 1.810 1.285 0.515

Z 1.285 4.400 1.285 3.105

AA 1.285 3.105 1.285 1.810

AB 1.285 1.810 1.285 0.515

Radu Timbalist | 3/2/2022 K2 Base 3.1.4.5 4 | 17

Whole Rails Rail cutting

B 16.923 3 4.400 3.723 0.667

C 5.362 1 4.400 1.000 3.390

D 5.362 1 3.390 1.000 2.380

E 5.362 1 2.380 1.000 1.370

F 5.362 1 1.370 1.000 0.360

4.81 Distance to Roof Edge [m]

Module array Width [ m ] Length [ m ] Width in Length in

Radu Timbalist | 3/2/2022 K2 Base 3.1.4.5 5 | 17

Radu Timbalist | 3/2/2022 K2 Base 3.1.4.5 6 | 17

Radu Timbalist | 3/2/2022 K2 Base 3.1.4.5 7 | 17

Radu Timbalist | 3/2/2022 K2 Base 3.1.4.5 8 | 17

Radu Timbalist | 3/2/2022 K2 Base 3.1.4.5 9 | 17

ultimate state [Pa] serviceability [Pa]

UPPER RAIL - UTILIZATION RESULT

load-bearing capacity Usab. Distances maximum values

BASE RAILS - UTILIZATION RESULT

load-bearing capacity Usab. Distances maximum values

Radu Timbalist | 3/2/2022 K2 Base 3.1.4.5 10 | 17

Radu Timbalist | 3/2/2022 K2 Base 3.1.4.5 11 | 17

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS REPORT

Radu Timbalist | 3/2/2022 K2 Base 3.1.4.5 12 | 17

field area 10.00 0.227 -0.627 0.006 -0.015

eaves 10.00 0.267 -0.760 0.006 -0.019

corner region (eave) 10.00 0.267 -1.273 0.006 -0.031