PURBANCHAL UNIVERSITY

KHWOPA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
LIBALI, BHAKTAPUR

REPORT ON AUTOCAD

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:

Nirjala Bhattarai Ar. Indu Duwal
760122 Ar. Sunaina Shakya
Department of Architecture
INTRODUCTION
AutoCAD is a computer aided design and drafting software application, developed
and marketed by Autodesk being the first CAD programs that could be executed on
personal computers. It allows too draw and edit precise 2D and 3D drawings and
models as well as electrical diagrams, construction drawings and many more. The
working in the drawing / drafting becomes easier and faster than with the hand.
AutoCAD has many advantages to the users some of them aea stated below :
1. Draw to scale
2. Easy layout and viewing
3. Draw accurately
4. Make changes easily and reduce risk of error
5. Identify design problems
6. Calculate material quantities for production
7. Store and transfer data safely
8. Save time and money

OJECTIVES
The main objectives to learn AutoCAD are stated below:
1. To be familiar with AutoCAD.
2. To understand the use of tools and commands.
3. To make the drawing process easier and faster.
LECTURE – 1
To start up with the learning the AutoCAD, it is to be installed and ready to use.
Here this report consists of the learning and findings for the AutoCAD.
I. Changing the visual style

This step is used to change the 3d wireframe to the 2D wireframe.

Steps:
1. Click on the visual styles on the left side of the screen.
2. Choose 2D wireframe.
3. Again click on the visual styles and go to 3D Views then choose top view.

II. Change the screen color

The color of the workspace screen can be changed according to the user preference
by the following steps:
1. Type command Op and press Enter.
2. A option box appears then go to Display.
3. In the display go to the Colors and select the colors for the screen as
preference, click ok and selected color gets applied in the workspace.
 III. Change the units
To change the units for the drawing.
Steps:
1. Type the command Units and press Enter.
2. A drawing units box appears.
3. Go to the Length Type and select the units as preferred.
4. The Precision of the units is also be selected as required by the user then
click Ok.
 IV. Dimension style
The unit of the dimension can be changed as the user preference and be same as
the units of the length.
Steps:
1. Type command d and press Enter.
2. Dimension style manager box comes out then select Modify option.
3. Go to Primary Units on the top bar options.
4. Select the unit format in the linear dimension along with the Precision.
5. Click ok.
6. Click Set Current and then apply.
 V. Automatic save
To save the ongoing file automatically in certain period of time can be done in the
CAD file.
Steps:
1. Type command Op and press Enter.
2. Option box appears click on the open and save button.
3. On the box below Automatic save, type the minutes between saves.
4. Click Apply and OK.
 VI. Ortho
The ortho option at the bottom bar means to create straight line. If not then Shift
can be pressed while drawing lines. If ortho on then lines drawn are straight.

VII. Zoom IN / Zoom OUT

It is used to adjust the screen as required.
1. Scroll the cursor to zoom in/ out.
2. At a certain point, the screen couldn’t be zoomed out further, command Re
then Enter.
 VIII. Move the drawing position
Pan is a hand like symbol used to move the objects in the workspace.
Steps:
1. Click on the hand symbol in the right side of the screen OR type command
P and press Enter.

IX. Exit Command

To exit any command press esc on the keyboard or click enter or right click on the
mouse.

X. Line command
To draw line
Steps:
1. Click Line option on the draw bar OR type command L and press Enter.
2. Specify the first point of line.
3. Specify the second point of line.
4. Press enter or esc to exit the command.
5. To draw straight line Ortho on the bottom of the screen should be On or
Shift can be pressed while drawing the line.
 XI. Osnap
To know the different points while drawing through different symbols.
Steps:
1. Left click on Osnap at the bottom bar of the screen.
2. Go to settings.
3. Select the points desired to be visible while drawing and click ok.
 XII. Circle
To draw circle
Steps:
1. Type command C and press Enter OR click Circle on the draw bar.
2. If used command, after command specify the center of circle then type r and
enter the radius for the circle.
3. Press Enter.
To enter diameter for the circle:
1. Type command C.
2. Type d and enter the diameter for the circle.
3. Press Enter.
 XIII. Copy
To copy objects/ drawing
Steps:
1. Type command Co.
2. Select the object.
3. Press enter.
4. Specify the base point of the object.
5. Specify second point where the object is to be copied.
6. Press enter or right click on the mouse.
7. Press esc or enter to exit the command.
 XIV. Move
To move object in any direction.
Steps:
1. Type command M.
2. Select the object to me moved.
3. Press Enter.
4. Specify the base point.
5. Move the cursor to the point where the object is to be moved.
6. When the ortho is on only vertical and horizontal movement is possible.
 XV. Erase
To erase any object.
Steps:
1. Type command e.
2. Select the object.
3. Press Enter.

XVI. Offset
To create same object at at certain distance.
Steps:
1. Type command O.
2. Specify the offset distance.
3. Select the object.
4. Press Enter.
 XVII. Crosshair size change
The cursor in the AutoCAD is called as crosshair.
Steps :
1. Type command Op.
2. Click on Display.
3. Go to Crosshair size.
For pick box size
1. Go to Selection in the option box after op command.
2. Go to Pick box size.
3. Click Apply.
4. Click Okay.
Crosshair Pick box
 XVIII. Trim
To cut out the unimportant lines or drawing.
Steps:
1. Type the command Tr and press Enter twice.
2. Select the portion to be trimmed.
3. Press Enter.
To trim all the lines at once from one main line :
1. Type command Tr and press Enter once.
2. Select the main line from where the unwanted lines are to be removed.
3. The select the unwanted lines.
4. Press Enter.
 For second process

XIX. Rectangle
To make rectangle.
Steps :
1. Type command Rec OR Click Rectangle on the draw tool bar.
2. Specify the first point for the rectangle.
3. Press d and then press Enter.
4. Enter the length then give comma (,) then enter the breadth for the
rectangle.
5. Press Enter.
 XX. Mirror
To mirror any object
Steps :
1. Type command Mi OR Click mirror in the modify toolbar.
2. Select the object to be mirrored.
3. Specify the first point of mirror line.
4. Specify the second point of mirror line.
5. Press Enter.

Mirror

XXI. Rotate
To rotate the object on any direction.
Steps:
1. Type the command Ro OR Click rotate in the modify toolbar.
2. Select the object.
3. Specify the base point of the object.
4. Specify the rotation angle : If the rotation is clockwise the angle is to be
given in negative, if anticlockwise the angle is to be given in positive.
5. To copy the object along with rotation type C.
6. Press Enter.

XXII. Chamfer
To connect two lines at certain distances or angle. It does not work for parallel
lines.
Steps:
1. Type the command Cha then press Enter.
2. Select the line or if dimension is to be given type D.
3. Specify the first chamfer distance.
4. Specify the second chamfer distance.
5. Select the first line.
6. Select the second line.
7. Press Enter.
If the lines are to be connected by an certain angle:
1. Type a after the chamfer command.
2. Specify chamfer length for first line.
3. Specify chamfer angle.
4. Select the first line then the second line.
5. Press Enter.

Chamfer by given distances

Chamfer by given angle and distance Chamfer symbol in modify toolbar

XXIII. Join
To join two or more lines into one line.
Steps:
1. Type the command J and then press Enter.
2. Select the lines to be joined.
3. Press Enter.

XXIV. Join the overlapped line

To make the overlapped line into the single line.
Steps:
1. Type the command Overkill and press Enter.
2. Select the overlapping lines.
3. Press Enter.
4. A overkill box appears then select or deselect the object setting as required.
5. Press Okay and Enter.

XXV. Break
To break the single line into multiple line.
Steps :
1. Type the command Br and press Enter.
2. Select the object.
3. Specify the break point in the line.
4. Press Enter.

XXVI. Divide line

To divide a single line into multiple divisions.
Steps:
1. Type the command div and press Enter.
2. Select the line to be divided and press Enter.
3. Type the number of divisions.
4. Press Enter.
5. If the point of divisions is no visible type ddptype in the command box and
press enter.
6. Point style box appears where the division symbols and its size are selected.
LECTURE – 5

XXVII. Line construction in Angle

To construct line in certain given angle.
Steps:
1. Type command L and press Enter. OR Select line option in the draw
toolbar.
2. Specify the first point for the line.
3. Enter @ and press the required length first then give the required angle with
the sign < in the front on the angle.
4. Press Enter.

XXVIII. Polyline
To draw number of lines at a time.
Steps:
1. Type command Pl and press Enter.
2. Specify the start point.
3. Specify the next point or (arc/half width/length/undo width)
4. Press enter.
 XXIX. Arc
Arc is the curved formed by joining three points. To draw arc with three points :
start point, midpoint and the end point.
Steps:
1. Select Arc on the Draw toolbar OR Type command Arc and press Enter.
2. Draws an arc using three specified points on the arc's circumference.
3. Select the first point is the start point and the second point is a point on the
circumference usually the midpoint of the arc and the End point is final point
on the arc.
4. Press Enter.
 XXX. Extend Line
To extend line to the nearby line or plane.
Steps:
1. Type command Ex.
2. Press Enter twice.
3. Select the lines to be extended.
OR
1. Type command Ex and press Enter once.
2. Select lines may be one or multiple to extend.
3. Press Enter.

Second Process:
 XXXI. Mirror
To mirror objects when there is no reference line.
Steps:
1. Type command mi or select mirror in modify toolbar.
2. Type command mtp and press Enter.
3. Select the point to be taken for reference.
4. Select the Second point for reference.
5. The reference is shown and mirror in required position can be done.
6. Press Enter.
7. For this process the osnap should be on for the reference point to be visible.
 XXXII. Block Formation
To make single block of different lines.
Steps:
1. Select all the lines to be converted into a block.
2. Type command B and press Enter.
3. Block Definition box appears write the name for the block at the top most
box.
4. Select the pick point for the block.
5. Click ok.

XXXIII. Explode
To explode / break the block
Steps:
1. Type command X and press Enter OR Click explode on modify bar.
2. Select the block to be exploded.
3. Press Enter.
 XXXIV. These above are the AutoCAD features, tools and commands
learnt in the four lecture of the AutoCAD class. Fillet
To join any lines at certain distance.
Steps :
1. Type command F and press Enter OR Click fillet at the modify toolbar.
2. Select the first object.
3. Select the second object.
4. Click Enter.
For joining the lines through arc the steps are:
1. Type command F and press Enter.
2. Enter R.
3. Type the radius and press Enter.
4. Select the first object.
5. Select the second object.
6. Press Enter.
7. To remove the circle fillet, type the radius 0.