ELT-01-EP-TS-0007 - Specification For Insulation - R0

Title SPECIFICATION FOR INSULATION
Document No. ELT-01-EP-TS-0007

Revision No. 0
Page No. 1 of 52
SPECIFIATION FOR INSULATION
Project Title : Andres LNG Terminal Expansion Project

Location : Punta Caucedo, Boca Chica, Dominican Republic
Owner : ENERGÍA NATURAL DOMINICANA ENADOM, S. R. L.
Contractor : POSCO Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd.
Discipline : Piping
FOR FINAL
0 01 Jul 2021 Issue for Final M.H Yang Y.B Park H.S Yoo J.M Oh
B 09 Jun 2021 Issue for Review M.H Yang Y.B Park H.S Yoo J.M Oh
A 15 Feb 2021 Issue for Review M.H Yang Y.B Park H.S Yoo J.M Oh
Rev. No. Issue Date Revision Text Prepared Checked Reviewed Approved
The contents of this document are the sole property of POSCO E&C. Any rights not expressly granted
herein are reserved. Reproduction, transfer or distribution of part or all of the contents in any form without
the prior written permission of POSCO E&C is prohibited.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. GENERAL ....................................................................................................................................... 3
2. DEFINITION .................................................................................................................................... 3
3. CODES AND STANDARDS ............................................................................................................ 3
4. UNITS .............................................................................................................................................. 6
5. DEFINITION OF INSULATION CLASSES ...................................................................................... 6
6. THICKNESS OF INSULATION ....................................................................................................... 9
7. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................................... 11
8. CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................... 12
9. APPLICATION - PIPEWORK ........................................................................................................ 16
10. APPLICATION - EQUIPMENT ...................................................................................................... 21
11. INSULATION VENDOR’S DESIGN DELIVERIES ........................................................................ 25
12. QUALITY CONTROL..................................................................................................................... 25
13. MATERIALS .................................................................................................................................. 26
APPENDIX 1. INSULATION THICKNESS TABLE ................................................................................ 33
APPENDIX 2. INSULATION TYPICAL DRAWINGS ............................................................................. 44

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1. GENERAL
1.1. The specification covers the insulation design applicable to piping and equipment for Andres
LNG Terminal Expansion Project in Cabo Caucedo, Dominican Republic.
1.2. This specification covers the requirements for :
 Low temperature thermal insulation for piping is required to reduce the transfer of heat to
piping and equipment and to avoid condensation and icing on the exterior surfaces.
 Thermal and acoustinc insulation for piping downstream compressors is required to limit
the noise downstream the Compressor.
 Personal protection for piping is required to protect personal from contact with hot or low
temperature surfaces.
 Under some operation conditions the internal temperature may rise up to ambient.
1.3. Insulation(Not covered by this specification) for piping included in vendor packages is required
to apply according to vendor’s recommendation or his standard.
1.4. This specification does not cover the insulation or coatings for underground piping.
2. DEFINITION
Entities related to the project are as below.
PROJECT : Andres LNG Terminal Expansion Project
OWNER : ENERGÍA NATURAL DOMINICANA ENADOM, S. R. L.
EPC Contractor : POSCO E&C. Co. Ltd (PEC)
VENDOR : Employer for the performance of the insulation work and Supplier of the
material and equipment for insulation.
3. CODES AND STANDARDS

All The following documents of project specification, codes and standards which shall be
adhered to:
It shall be the Supplier’s responsibility to be or to become, knowledgeable of the requirements
of the referenced codes and standards. The Supplier shall notify EPC Contractor of any
apparent conflict between this specification, product data sheets, the codes and standards, and
any other specification or document noted herein. Resolution and/or interpretation precedence
shall be obtained from EPC Contractor in writing before proceeding with application of any
insulation material. Where conflict exists between this specification and the below codes and
standards, it shall be brought to the attention of the Owner/EPC Contractor immediately for
decision and disposition of the discrepancy or conflict.
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3.1. Project specifications and related documents

ELT-01-EP-TS-0001 Design Criteria for Piping
ELT-01-EP-TS-0003 Specification for Piping Material
ELT-01-EP-TS-0004 Specification for Piping Standard
ELT-01-EP-TS-0006 Specification for Inspection and Test of Piping Material
ELT-01-EP-TS-0008 Specification for Piping Support
3.2. Codes and standards

ASME II Boiler and Pressure vessel code - Materials
ASME V Non Destructive Examination
ASME IX Welding and Brazing
ASME B1.1 Screw threads
ASME B 31.3 Process piping
Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualification and
ASNT-TC-1A
Certification in NDE
ASTM A36 Standard specification for Carbon Structural Steel
Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel
ASTM A240 Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels
and for General Applications
ASTM A276 Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon
ASTM A516
Steel, for Moderate- and Lower-Temperature Service
Standard Test Method for Measuring Compressive
ASTM C165
Properties of Thermal Insulations
Standard Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux
ASTM C177 Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by
Means of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
Standard Test Methods of Testing Cellular Glass Insulation
ASTM C240
Block
Standard Test Method for Dimensions and Density of
ASTM C303
Preformed Block and Board–Type Thermal Insulation
Standard Test Method for Steady-State Thermal
ASTM C518 Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter
Apparatus
ASTM C552 Standard Specification for Cellular Glass Thermal Insulation
Standard Specification for Unfaced Preformed Rigid
ASTM C591
Cellular Polyisocyanurate Thermal Insulation
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Standard Practice for Estimate of the Heat Gain or Loss

ASTM C680 and the Surface Temperatures of Insulated Flat, Cylindrical,
and Spherical Systems by Use of Computer Programs
Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Thermal
ASTM C871 Insulation Materials for Leachable Chloride, Fluoride,
Silicate, and Sodium Ions
Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid
ASTM D1621
Cellular Plastics
Standard Test Method for Open Cell Content of Rigid
ASTM D6226
Cellular Plastics
Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics
ASTM E84
of Building Materials
Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of
ASTM E96
Materials
Standard Test Method for Water Vapor transmission Rate of
ASTM E398 Sheet Materials Using Dynamic Relative Humidity
Measurement
Fire tests on building materials and structures. Method of
BS 476 test to determine the classification of the surface spread of
flame of products
Thermal insulating materials. Bonded preformed man-made
BS 3958-4
mineral fibre pipe sections
Thermal insulating materials. Specification for bonded
BS 3958-5
manmade mineral fibre slabs
Thermal insulating products for building applications -
EN 826
Determination of compression behaviour
Cellular plastics and rubbers - Determination of apparent
EN 845
density (ISO 845)
Installation and equipment for liquefied natural gas. Design
EN 1473
of onshore installations
Thermal insulating products for building applications.
EN 1602
Determination of the apparent density
EN 10204 Metallic Product - Type of inspection documents
Thermal performance of building materials and products.
Determination of thermal resistance by means of guarded
EN 12667
hot plate and heat flow meter methods. Products of high and
medium thermal resistance
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Thermal insulating products for building equipment and

industrial installations. Determination of trace quantities of
EN 13468
water-soluble chloride, fluoride, silicate, sodium ions and
Ph
Thermal insulation products for building equipment and
EN 14305 industrial installations. Factory made cellular glass (CG)
products. Specification
Thermal insulation products for building equipment and
industrial installations - Factory made rigid polyurethane
EN 14308
foam (PUR) and polyisocyanurate foam (PIR) products -
Specification
ISO 10474 Steel and Steel Product - Inspection documents
Conformity assessment - Requirements for the operation of
ISO 17020
various types of bodies performing inspection
NFPA 59A Standard for the Production, Storage and Handling of LNG
4. UNITS
The SI metric system is used for all documents, drawings, operating and maintenance manuals,
for charts and scale on instruments, except for some units like: °C, bar. h(hour), min(minutes),
kg/h and m3/h.
5. DEFINITION OF INSULATION CLASSES

Insulation classes are shown on process and instrument diagrams with limit of insulation where
applicable.
5.1. Low temperature thermal insulation and acoustic insulation

The entire system shall be fully insulated.
Class Application
C1 Low temperature thermal insulation in a fire hazard zone
C2 Low temperature thermal insulation
Low temperature thermal insulation and acoustic insulation for Compressor outlet
C3
piping
C4 Low temperature thermal insulation, which are not in a fire hazard zone
Alternative material for low temperature thermal insulation for complex and
C5
narrow areas such as loading arm area or interference area
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5.1.1. Class C1
Operation Insulation
Layer Application
Temperature Thickness
Medium density preformed
Polyisocyanurate provided with factory
Inner
applied secondary vapour barrier of Mylar
foil (or approved equivalent)
Below 130mm
Cellular glass (50mm) provided with
factory applied primary vapor barrier as
Outer
external coating and anti-abrasive coating
as internal coating
-170°C to -40°C Inner
Polyisocyanurate
Middle
applied secondary vapour barrier of Mylar
130mm and above
foil (or approved equivalent)
Cellular glass (50mm) provided with
factory applied primary vapor barrier as
Outer
external coating and anti-abrasive coating
as internal coating
5.1.2. Class C2
Layer Application
Inner Cellular glass
Below 175mm
Outer Cellular glass
-170°C to -40°C Inner Cellular glass
175mm and above Middle Cellular glass
Outer Cellular glass
A cellular glass slabs shall be provided with factory applied anti-abrasive coat as internal
coating and outer layer with a vapor barrier as external coating.
An inner vapor barrier slip layer aluminum-polyester flim shall be applied between inner and
outer insulation layers in case of two layers application.
An inner vapor barrier slip layer aluminum-polyester film shall be applied between middle layer
and outer layer in three layers application.
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5.1.3. Class C3
Layer Application
High density mineral wool (50mm)
Inner
(130/150 Kg/m3)
Cellular glass layers sealed with a
Below 130mm Outer reinforced double or triple layer of
specified vapour barrier mastic
Flexible acoustin mat ( type “idikell-M”
Top
3mm or approver equivalent)
-170°C to -40°C
High density mineral wool (50mm)
Inner
(130/150 Kg/m3)
Middle Cellular glass layers sealed with a
130mm and above & reinforced double or triple layer of
Outer specified vapour barrier mastic
Flexible acoustic mat (type “idikell-M” 3mm

Top
or approver equivalent)
5.1.4. Class C4
Layer Application
Inner
Polyisocyanurate
Below 130mm Medium density preformed

Outer
applied vapour barrier of Mylar foil (or
approved equivalent)
-170°C to -40°C Inner
Polyisocyanurate
Middle
Polyisocyanurate
130mm and above
Outer
applied vapour barrier of Mylar foil (or
approved equivalent)
5.1.5. Class C5
Layer Application
-170°C to -40°C All Thickness - Aerogel (Cryogel® Z)

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5.2. Personnel Protection

Personnel protection insulation designated for pipe and equipment shall be limited within the
confines of a normal working area bound by distances of not more than 2.1 meters vertically or
0.8 meters horizontally beyond access ways, ladders, platforms or work areas at ground level
or elevations used by operating and maintenance personnel.
Class Appication
On location where condensation is subject to cause slippery walking surface
P1
(from ice or algae growth)
P2 Others location except for P1
5.2.1. Class P1
It applies equally to Thermal insulation of paragraph 5.1.4.
5.2.2. Class P2
For piping and equipment specified as personnel protection class P2 the protection shall be
executed by perforated Stainless Steel sheet (grade 304) and protective strips placed at a
distance from the pipe. As alternative should be used stainless wleded wire mesh with
minimum wire spacing maximum 25 mm (garade 304).
6. THICKNESS OF INSULATION
6.1. The insulation has various functions:
(i.) Keeping the condensation under control in order to prevent a rapid degradation of coatings,
jacketing and the insulation material itself;
(ii.) Selecting the most economic thickness in favor of the process by limiting the boil off rate
and temperature variations.
Insulation thickness means the total of the thickness of insulation material without taking into
account gaps, vapor barriers, mechanical protection (metal sheets).
The Supplyer shall confirm the insulation thickness based on the design criteria and shall
provide calculation note to prove that its proposed system meets the specified values for heat
input, condensation prevention and acoustic/vibration reduction.
6.2. Insulation thickness shall be determined according last revision of ISO 12241.
The site data selected for calculation are :
(i.) Ambient temperature : +35 ℃ (Design dry temperature for pipe insulation)
(ii.) Wind speed : Mean wind speed 3.35 m/s (Basic wind speed, three second gust : 92.5 m/s)
(iii.) Relative humidity : Avergae maximum relative humidity 82.1 % (Min. 67 %, Max 89.3 %)
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Heat gain less than 30 W/m² of outer insulation area. A safety factor of 20% needs to be
applied on this value in order to compensate losses on value protruding parts, valve stems,
piping supports, etc.
0.15 for emissivity for a lightly oxidized stainless steel jacket.
For Sun radiation (Heating the upper part of the insulation surface) the value to be considered
is fixed to 700 W/m²
The thermal conductivity shall be established in accordance with the polynomials specified in
C.I.N.I. 6.1.01.
Sun radiation has not to be considered for class C3 because this piping is located inside a
compressor building
For personnel protection, the governing criterion to be considered is to keep the outside surface
of the insulation jacket above 3°C.
6.3. The thickness of insulation for piping and equipment requiring insulation for low temperature
thermal insulation and acoustic insulation in a fire hazard zone (Class C1) shall be in
accordance with Table 1, with the thickness of individual layers Table 7.
thermal insulation (Class C2) shall be in accordance with Table 2, with the thickness of
individual layers Table 8.
6.5. The thickness of insulation for piping requiring insulation for low temperature thermal insulation
and acoustic insulation for BOG compressor outlet piping (Class C3) shall be in accordance
with Table 3, with the thickness of individual layers Table 9.
thermal insulation and acoustic insulation, which are not in af fire hazard zone (Class C4) shall
be in accordance with Table 4, with the thickness of individual layers Table 10.
6.7. The thickness of insulation for loading arm requiring insulation for low temperature thermal
insulation (Class C5) shall be in accordance with Table 5
6.8. The thickness of insulation for piping requiring personnel protection on location where
condensation is subject to cause slippery walking surface (Class P1) shall be in accordance
with Table 6.
6.9. The thickness of the basic insulation on equipment heads, manholes, spare nozzles, etc. shall
be the same as the thickness of the cylindrical section of the vessel.
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6.10. The thickness of the basic insulation on pipe fittings, valves, blinded nozzles and similar shall
be the same as the thickness of the adjoining pipe. On reducers, insulation thickness shall
nowhere be smaller than applicable to the largest diameter.
7. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
7.1. Piping and equipment shall be insulated according to the insulation class, operating
temperature and insulation thickness stated in this specification and P&ID, line lists, piping
isometrics.
7.2. The outer protection shall be designed to shed water and remain watertight.
7.3. When cold insulation is required, the entire system shall be fully insulated, including all piping
components, drains, equipment nozzles and supports to the extent specificed.
7.4. Insulation or cladding which can be removed without being damaged (removable) shall be
provided on valve and flange connection, piping, vessels and equipment when specified on
drawing or standard.
7.5. In case of nameplate is insulated, duplicate nameplate shall be installed by the insulation
VENDOR on the outside surface of the insulated installation. A duplicate nameplate shall be
provided by the vessel or equipment VENDOR. The method of attachment used shall not
puncture the vapour seal. No welding onto equipment/vessels will be permitted by the
insulation VENDOR. If nameplates are inside insulation, VENDOR can propose a relocation of
nameplate, in writing for approval by the OWNER/CONTRACTOR.
7.6. Insulation on pipe and equipment adjacent to flanges shall be left long enough to allow removal
of bolts without damage to insulation. If specified, removable sheet metal weather shields shall
be equipped with snap locks and drain holes.
7.7. Pumps and compressors shall not be insulated, except for can mounted vertical pumps. Can
mounted vertical pumps shall be insulated, regardless of operating temperature. Densified
wood block or PTFE shims shall provide to isolate the pump support from supporting steel or
concrete. Interstage pulsation dampers and associated piping of compressors shall be
considered for insulation.
7.8. When specified, insulation shall be provided to reduce the noise from exhusts and similar
piping.
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7.9. Each line shall be insulated as a single unit with a vapour stop at each interruption. If no
thermal displacements are to be considered and not specified otherwise, a minimum clearance
of 100 mm shall be provided between the outer surface of insulation and any obstruction such
as structural steel, electrical conduit, piping, or other insulated lines.
8. CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
8.1. General
8.1.1. In case of prefabrication, all hydrostatic tests on pipework shall be carried out before
insulation is applied on the spool.
8.1.2. All hydrostatic tests on pipework shall be carried out before insulation is applied. The
insulation VENDOR shall therefore only insulate those sections of the plant that have been
released for insulation. If insulation work must be applied before testing
(OWNER/CONSTRACTOR) approval to be obtained), welds and joints shall be left none
insulated to allow inspection during test procedure. The insulation edges shall be protected in
order to prevent water/moister ingress.
8.1.3. Surfaces to be insulated shall be clean, dry and free from loose debris or contaminants. It
shall be the insulation VENDOR’s responsibility to secure an intact surface protective film
before insulation is applied.
8.1.4. Insulation shall be applied as required for the purpose of cold conservation, fire protection,
personnel protection and for acoustic purpose as set out in the various classes and listed in
this specification.
8.1.5. All insulated valves and flanges shall have dismountable insulation sections suitable for quick
disconnection/installation. If valves and flanges are insulated before the cool down a leak
snuffing system shall be installed.
8.1.6. Insulation shall be finished, beveled and weather proofed at all points where it is required to
remove bolts, etc. without damage to the insulation. Insulation on valves shall leave the
packing gland accessible.
8.1.7. Insulation materials shall be stored in dedicated storage area such that they are protected
from the deteriorative effects of weather, dampness, heat, light where required, etc. The
VENDOR shall replace any material which becomes ineffective or damaged when applied
during the course of this work.
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8.1.8. Where specified, valves, flanges, nozzles, man way covers shall be insulated with removable
prefabricated covers and quick release toggle clips. The design of covers and clips shall be
appllied No.8 of APPENDIX 2. INSULATION TYPICAL DRAWINGS. The covers and clips for
valves, nozzles, man way refer to typical drawing of flanges.
8.1.9. All metal parts, which protrude through the insulation, shall be insulated. There shall be a
minimum of 300 mm of bare metal from termination of insulation till the end of the non-
insulated item. Protruding metal parts include, but are not limited to equipment skirts, lugs,
legs, saddles, clips and space frames, platform trunion supports, pipe hangers and
uninsulated connections in piping, such as vents, sample connections and uninsulated
instrumentation.
8.2. Type of application

Insulation works can be carried-out in two ways, depending the handling or pressure testing
activities:
8.2.1. Shop insulation : straight pipe on main pipe racks could be insulated in prefabrication shop
after all hydrostatic tests on pipework has been carried out. The welds shall not be insulated if
they are not previously tested. Insulated spools shall be handled with care in order to avoid a
worse quality due to rough handling.
8.2.2. Field insulation : balance of piping shall be insulated on site after piping erection and testing.
Equipment shall be field insulated after erection and testing if is not otherwise stated.
8.3. Application requirements

8.3.1. All material applied in one day should have one coat of the vapour barrier applied the same
day. If physically impracticable to apply the first coat of the vapour barrier, and exceptionally,
exposed insulation shall be temporarily protected with a combination moisture/ultraviolet
barrier, such as an appropriate (black) polyethylene film, and sealed to the pipe or equipment
surfaces. In this case, vapour barrier shall be applied the following day. All exposed ends shall
be protected before work stoppage.
8.3.2. There shall be absolutely no cracks, holes, thin spots, or open joints in the vapour barrier. The
vapour barrier shall be installed in such a manner that no part of the insulation is exposed to
the atmosphere.
8.3.3. Any evidence of discontinuity of the vapour barrier shall be sufficient cause for rejection and
repair.
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8.3.4. Contraction joints shall be installed in the outermost, intermediate and inner layers of
horizontal piping and equipment at the intervals as shown in table hereafter with a minimum of
one contraction joint midway between any two pipe supports or piping protrusion more than
0.8 m apart. Additional contraction joints shall be installed at the four 90° elbows integral to
each expansion contraction loop.
Maximum expation / contraction joint spacing
Maximum Length of expansion / contraction joint “L”

Operating
Spacing (mm)
Temperature
(m) Inner layer Middle layer Outer layer
-196°C to -171°C 5.0 50 50 50
-170°C to -40°C 6.0 100 50 50
8.3.5. Vertical lines and equipment having support rings shall have a contraction joint immediately
below each insulation support ring, except at the bottom.
8.3.6. Contraction joints shall consist of segments cut out from unfaced fiberglass slab, not less than
50mm thick for pipe sizes 16 inches and below. Cutting of segments shall be normal to the
orientation and lay-up of the fibers. Above 16 inches pipe size, straight strips cut from
fiberglass slab and lay-up orientation the same as for segments are permitted.
8.3.7. The cover over the outer layer contraction joint shall be formed from 1.2 mm thick flay butyl
rubber sheet incorporating a single 20 mm wide fold. The butyl sheet shall be adhered with
the fold centrally positioned, with a compatible adhesive in combination with 100 mm wide x 1
mm thick butyl gum tape. With the fold centrally positioned. The sheet shall be secured on
both sides with bands. The butyl cover shall be applied over the vapour barrier before
thorough curing.
8.3.8. Wire shall not be used to secure this system. During construction, glass fiber filament tape
shall be used to secure the inner polyisocyanurate layer(s) of the insulation and stainless
steel bands for the other layers, the inner cellular glass layers, the outer layer and external
jacket. The type and method of securement for insulation and jacketing are summarized in
paragraph 12.6.
8.3.9. All joints between pieces of insulation shall be carefully fitted. The edges of blocks shall,
where necessary, be rubbed or cut to a level so that joints are tight and uniform. Where butted
joints do not fit closely, the voids shall be eliminated by refitting or replacing the insulation.
Filling voids with joint sealer or mastic shall not be accepted. Any damaged corner shall be
tried before application.
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8.3.10. Securement of metal jacketing shall be by means of metal bands and the use of screws shall
be limited to location where banding will not provide adequate support such as for contraction
joint covers, and cryogenic valve covers. On vertical piping and equipment, "S" clips
fabricated from stainless steel banding shall be incorporated in the circumferential joints of the
jacketing when these are located between the contraction joint covers in order to prevent
telescoping. A 25 mm thick cushioning layer of preformed mineral wool shall be used to
prevent puncture of the vapour barrier where screws are used.
8.3.11. Polyisocyanurate materials shall, at all times, be protected from moisture and limited
ultraviolet exposure (12 hours). The following conditions shall be observed:
1) Material shall be stored in an area to provide sufficient protection from moisture,
ultraviolet exposure and abuse.
2) Insulation showing an evidence of moisture shall be rejected.
3) Insulation shall not be applied to any surface where there is any evidence of moisture or
frost.
8.3.12. Vapour stops shall be installed at all pipe support locations and on piping or equipment
locations requiring potential maintenance, such as valves, flanges and instrumentation
connections to main piping or equipment, as follows:
1) A bond shall be applicable between the pipe and the insulation terminal by the application
of three component cryogenic adhesive to a wet/dried film thickness of approx. 2.0 mm.
Application shall be extended over the roughened pipe surface for 50 mm and up the
edge of the insulation. For multi-layers applications, application shall be up the edge of
the first layer only of insulation.
2) For multi-layer applications, cryogenic coating shall be dressed over the cryogenic
adhesive on the edge of the insulation and carried over the stepped layers and beneath
the vapour sealing mastic for 50 mm to effectively complete the seal provided at the
vapour stop. Cryogenic coating shall be applied in three coats to provide a minimum
overall dried film of 0.87 mm, reinforced between the first and second coats with synthetic
fabric.
8.3.13. The inner insulation layer shall be shaped to conform to the metal surface in two or more
segments of the longest possible standard length. The outer layer(s) shall be formed to fit
correctly over the inner layer(s) in either sectional or segmental form of the same standard
length. Insulation for fittings and valves shall be in accordance with paragraph 8.2.
8.3.14. All Polyisocyanurate foam for piping and equipment shall be of the shiplapped type with
shiplapped end joints.
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9. APPLICATION - PIPEWORK
9.1. General
9.1.1. Insulation shall be preformed to fit the diameter of the pipe and fitting (in conformity with the
related pipe classes), or to fit the underneath layer of insulation, and shall be applied in
staggered positions with all joints tightly fitted together. Gaps resulting from poor fit or
damaged material are not permitted to be filled with joint sealer or mastic but shall be refitted.
9.1.2. For PIR pipe sections, a clearance between the pipe surface and the inner layer of insulation
shall be provided in accordance with the hereafter table and the insulation sections must
therefore be fabricated oversized to suit. No clearance is required on the inner layer where
radiused and beveled segments are employed.
Contraction gap between pipe/equipment surface and inner layer sections and segments for
insulation in low temperature service
Operating Pipe / Equipment (diameter)

Temperature < 8” 8”to16” 18” to 24” 26” to 32” 34” to 40” ≥ 40”
-170°C to -40°C 2.0 mm 4.0 mm 6.0 mm 7.0 mm 9.0 mm See note

-196°C to -171°C N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A
Note : The table is based on the formula S=π.D.Δα.(Top – Tamb)
9.1.3. Longitudinal joints in pipe sections applied in two halves shall be offset by 90° in successive
layers. Longitudinal joints in the application of radiused and beveled lags shall be arranged
with an offset equivalent to half the segment width or with the maximum offset that can be
obtained. The middle of the bottom innermost segment shall be placed on the vertical plane.
9.1.4. Contraction joints in horizontal and vertical piping shall be installed as specified in paragraph
7.3.4 to 7.3.6.
9.1.5. The entire outer surface of insulation shall be sealed with a reinforced double or triple layer of
the specified vapour barrier mastic applied as follows:
Preparation for application
1) Confirm the specified size and color.
2) Apply only on the pipe lines of which surfaces are dry, clean and oil-free.
3) If much of infringing substances lowering adhesion such as dust by reason of material
properties are detected on it, clean them with air-gun.
4) In case of walls of tank which are mostly applied with urethane form, check the surfaces
first and apply the product after removing all of substances and drying out.
5) Confirm if the applying temperature is above 0 degree C.
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Application Method
1) Firstly observe the area to be applied, remove release paper of product and attach to the
object.
2) For the complete contact, apply the membrane in manner of pressing and stretching it
enough not to be folded so as to leave no air inside.
3) For the gas tight, overlap every edge of product at least 50mm.
4) Primary Mastic can be applied on the bent part of 45, 90 degree of Pipe, Elbow, Tee,
Valve, however if deemed necessary, cut the product fitting to shape of them and apply
tightly. Alufilm Tape can be used to reinforce it as a finishing application.
5) As the most walls of tank applied with over 50mm urethane foam as a finishing are
supposed to be grinded to get rid of the irregularities on the surface, before applying the
product it’s important to check the condition, if any abrasives are still left on the surface.
6) First of all, attach the edge of lap to the upper part of tank and fix it tightly with 75mm
Alufilm Tape. While taking the release vinyl off down-ward, apply product pressing it from
the top its surface by using hands or hand tools.
7) But leave the lowest part 100 mm of product un-pressed, without pressing.
8) Put the second lap underneath the lowest part of the first so as to be overlapped at least
100mm and fix it with 75 mm Alufilm Tape.
9) The reason of overlapping 100mm of product underneath the first lap is to prevent
separation of product from the wall by heavy weight, which can be happened by adding
weight of products down side.
10) Note that horizontal overlap requires at least 50 mm while the vertical 100 mm and then
finally fix it with 75mm Alufilm Tape respectively
Suggestions on Application
1) Do not apply under 0 degree C, and store the lap at 4 ~38 degree C.
2) Be aware the workable temperature is -46 ~ 121 degree C.
3) Before application, pre-inspection concerning the stability of adhesive property and
chemical reaction is recommended.
4) Do not exercise physical power on the surface of lap with hand tools to the extent of
damage.
9.1.6. Insulation of cylindrical straight sections of pipework shall be covered with an additional
protective jacket as per requirements of paragraph 12.5. The jacketing shall be applied with
minimum longitudinal laps of 50 mm and minimum circumferential laps of 75 mm.
Circumferential overlaps shall incorporate a 8 mm ball swage in the upper sheet, located as
near to the edge as practicable. Longitudinal overlaps shall be arranged along the lower half
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of the pipe, weather side down at approximately 135° or 225° positions or in the case of
vertical pipes, away from the prevailing weather conditions. Longitudinal overlaps shall also
incorporate an 8 mm ball swage located as near to the edge as practicable.
9.1.7. All jacketing overlaps shall be sealed by the application of a gun extruded bead of flexible
metal sealant as per requirements of paragraph 12.4.2. The bead shall, for convenience, be
located within the ball swage provided at circumferential and longitudinal overlaps and shall
be a minimum of 6 mm diameter or sufficient to provide an effective seal with the overlaps
drawn tight. The jacketing shall be secured with 12 mm wide x 0.4 mm/19 mm x 0.5 mm thick
stainless steel bands positioned adjacent to the ball swage at circumferential overlaps and
intermediately at a maximum of 200 mm centers. Bands shall be machined tensioned and
sealed employing stainless steel seals.
9.1.8. Insulation of vents, sample connections and uninsulated instrument connections shall be
limited at min. 150 mm from on-off valves or instruments. Application of the vapour barrier and
metal jacket shall follow the specified requirements for piping systems.
9.1.9. Following satisfactory installation of contraction joints to the requirements of paragraph 7.3.4
to 7.3.7 inclusive, 0.8 mm thick flat protective outer covers shall be fitted. The covers shall be
screwed and banded to the adjacent straight pipe jacketing from one side only in the case of
horizontal pipes, or from the top side only in the case of vertical pipes. Heavy density mineral
wool cushioning layer 25 mm thick is required under screw location. The opposite side shall
be left free to absorb expansion-contraction by the formation of a folded or labyrinth joint
arranged to accommodate the adjacent straight pipe jacketing in such a way as to absorb
anticipated movement whilst remaining weather tight and functional in service.
9.2. Fittings, valves, flanges

9.2.1. All insulation for fittings, valves and flanges shall be equal in thickness and type to that
applied to adjacent or equivalent sized piping.
9.2.2. Individual layers of insulation for fittings shall to the maximum extent be fitted in two piece
fabricated covers with individual segments cemented together with the specific fabrication
adhesive. Application for the joints between the two halves and the adjacent piping insulation
shall be in the same manner as specified for the respective insulation layers on straight pipes.
9.2.3. Securement of insulation shall be by stainless steel bands to the extent possible. Wire is only
permitted for installations where bands could not secure the system.
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9.2.4. Bends shall be supplied as fully prefabricated two piece covers with all miters adhered
together as specified below:
1) For Polyisocyanurate inner layer, bends up to 600 mm diameter over insulation shall be
milled in two halves with ship lapped joints. Bends having butted, keyed or tongued and
grooved joints shall not be acceptable.
2) For Isocyanurate inner layer, bends in excess of 600 mm diameter over insulation shall be
fabricated in mitered segments adhered with specific fabrication adhesive, and supplied in
two halves with shiplapped joints. Bends having butted, keyed or tongued and grooved
joints shall not be accepted.
3) For lines involving three layers insulation, the two inner layers shall, in the case of all
bends, be combined into an increased single thickness layer of Polyisocyanurate with
ends shiplapped to suit the thickness of the two adjoining pipe inner layers.
4) Where applicable, for cellular glass outer layer, bends up to 219 mm diameter over
insulation shall be milled in two halves with butted joints.
5) Where applicable, for cellular glass outer layer, bends in excess of 219 mm diameter over
insulation shall be fabricated in mitered segments adhered with fabrication adhesive or
with a high melt point grade of bitumen, suitable for use in a hot climate. The covers shall
be supplied in two halves with butted joints and in the case of outer layers coinciding with
an inner Isocyanurate layer in mitered segments (inner layers in excess of 600 mm
insulated diameter), arranged with joints staggered midway between the two layers and
with any high spots on the Isocyanurate milled down to effect a close fit.
6) Multi-layers tees and reducers shall be supplied in two halves of preformed segments for
nominal pipe up to 16" and as preformed pipe sections for field cutting, mitering and
prefabricating in the field for nominal pipe size above 16". Arrangement shall be in multi-
layers with shiplapped joints designed to joint up to the adjacent piping insulation.
Insulation in the case of reducers being fitted to suit the larger pipe size with voids filled
with glass fiber blanket or with polyurethane MD foamed in situ.
7) The metal jacketing for bends shall be two-piece pressed elbow covers. For some larger
pipe sizes where two-piece pressed elbow covers are not available, the metal jacketing
for bends shall be four-piece pressed elbow covers (available for limited pipe sizes and
insulation thicknesses between 10” and 18” NPS). For larger size bends where two or
four piece pressed elbow covers are unavailable, the metal jacketing elbows shall be
gores fabricated to fit closely around insulation.
9.2.5. Flanges
1) Flanges insulation shall be supplied as fully prefabricated single layer two piece covers
with all sections adhered together employing the full insulation thickness used for the
adjacent pipe insulation. Construction shall be of oversized cellular glass pipe
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sections/radiused lags adhered with fabrication adhesive respectively and with shiplapped
joints.
2) The inner vapour barrier/slip layer as per paragraph 12.3.3 shall be substituted by a butyl
rubber based elastomeric coating. The coating shall be applied in two coats to provide a
dried film of 0.5 mm and may be factory applied.
3) The flanges shall be initially wrapped with 50 mm thick glass fiber blanket and aluminium
foil on the top prior to foam application.
4) With the exception of the top cover, the insulation layers shall be built up complete with
inner butyl based elastomeric vapour barrier, an outer vapour barriers and jacketing as
weather barrier prior to foam cavity filling.
5) Polyurethane foam without CFC/HCFC employing the dispersing kit method shall be
installed at a density of 45 kg/m³ to completely fill the void between the flange, the cellular
glass outer cover and the adjoining stepped pipe insulation.
6) On completion of foaming, the foam shall be shaved level with the top of the cellular glass;
the vapour barrier shall then be repaired.
9.2.6. Valves
1) For cryogenic valves, the insulation shall be fabricated and installed as described
hereafter. Valves shall be supplied as fully prefabricated two piece single layer covers with
all sections adhered together and complete with insulation required for valve stem
extension. Thickness of valve covers shall be the same as insulation thickness of
adjoining pipe.
2) The insulation cover shall generally be in the form of a "D" box formed from 50 mm thick
cellular glass and built up from the adjoining pipe insulation to provide the required
insulation thickness including the polyurethane foam as required for the valve size and
the full thickness of insulation above the bonnet flange.
3) Adjacent to cryogenic valves, the insulation layers on adjoining pipe shall be stepped to
provide optimum cavity for foaming.
4) The valve bodies including bonnet flanges shall be initially wrapped with 50 mm thick
glass fiber blanket with an aluminium foil on top prior to foam application.
5) With the exception of the top cover, the insulation layers shall be built up complete with
inner vapour barrier and outer vapour barrier and metal jacketing as weather barrier prior
to foam cavity filling.
6) Polyurethane foam without CFC & HCFC employing the dispersing kit method shall be
installed at a density of 45 kg/m³ to completely fill the void between the valve body, the
cellular glass outer cover and the adjoining stepped pipe insulation.
7) On completion of foaming, the foam shall be shaved level with the top of the cellular glass;
the vapour barrier shall then be repaired.
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8) Length of the valve bonnet extension exposed above the insulated valve box top plate
shall, when the length permits, be insulated after taking into account the mandatory
requirement of leaving the upper 150 mm or such length as recommended by the valves
manufacturer, bare, as a heating path to prevent packing from freezing.
10. APPLICATION - EQUIPMENT

10.1. General
10.1.1. Insulation shall be supported on vertical lines and equipment by support rings at 3.0 m
intervals. The width of the support ring shall be such that the inner layers and one-half the
outer layer of insulation shall be supported. Installation of support rings shall be performed by
equipment manufacture or piping VENDOR in equipment and pipe fabrication shops.
10.1.2. All equipment insulation shall have a metal closure plate of width equal to the full thickness of
insulation located at the bottom termination of the insulation. Equipment with straight side
height exceeding 2.4 m shall have a support ring located at the top. The vapour barrier and
jacket shall extend over the edge of the closure plate. Installation of closure plates shall be
performed in equipment fabrication shops.
10.1.3. For skirts less than 1.2 m in diameter, the entire interior cavity of the skirt shall be filled with
mineral wool packed to a density of 120 kg/m³ and the skirt opening sealed by a rigid disc
inserted into the opening and sealed with a 3.2 mm coat of vapour barrier mastic. When skirts
are to be insulated by filling the cavity, the bottom of the skirt cavity, including anchor bolt
openings shall first be vapour sealed with a 3.2 mm coat of vapour barrier mastic.
10.1.4. For skirts 1.2 m and over in diameter, the bottom dome shall be insulated as the rest of the
vessel and the inside of the skirt shall be insulated inside for a distance equal to four times the
insulation thickness but not less than 300 mm.
Vents on skirts filled with mineral wool shall be vapour sealed.
10.2. Equipment, heat exchanger, vessels, drums, pumps

10.2.1. Insulation and jacketing for equipment up to 500 mm outside diameter shall be applied as
described for straight pipework.
10.2.2. Insulation shall be preformed to fit the diameter of the equipment or underneath layer of
insulation, and shall be applied in staggered positions with all joints tightly fitted together.
Gaps resulting from poor fit or damaged material are not permitted to be filled with joint sealer
or mastic but shall be refitted.
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10.2.3. The innermost and intermediate layers of insulation shall be made of specified material
curved segments, applied with all circumferential and longitudinal joints staggered and sealed
with a low temperature adhesive/sealer.
10.2.4. The outer layer of insulation shall be made of specified material curved segments applied with
all horizontal and vertical joints sealed with its specific joint sealer.
10.2.5. Where vessel diameters or underneath layer of insulation can accommodate pipe covering, it
shall be used.
10.2.6. A slip layer shall be introduced between the inner/intermediate layer and the outer layer. This
shall comprise an aluminium foil/polyester laminate as per paragraph 12.3.3 arranged with 50
mm overlaps sealed with a compatible adhesive. In the case of flanges and irregular surfaces
the inner vapour barrier/slip layer shall be substituted by a butyl rubber based elastomeric
coating. The coating shall be applied in two coats to provide a dried film of 0.5 mm.
10.2.7. The inside surface of all cellular glass insulation shall receive a bore coating of anti-abrasive
compound and allowed to dry.
10.2.8. All layers shall be secured with S.S. band. The outer layer shall be applied in the same
manner as the inner layer(s) with joints staggered at least 150 mm from the inner layer(s).
Bands supporting insulation of vessel heads shall radiate from a floating ring made from 6 mm
diameter stainless steel. Diameter of the ring must be calculated to the number of bands to
receive. Spacing and securement bands shall be identical to those for pipework.
10.2.9. Vapour barrier:

1) The entire outer surface of the outer insulation layer shall be sealed with a reinforced
double or triple layer of the specific vapour barrier.
2) Vapour barrier mastic shall be as per paragraph 12.3.1.
10.2.10. In way of areas of double curvature, vessel heads other than top heads, bolted joints, man
ways, etc., the vapour barrier mastic shall be applied and shall be a triple layer as specified
except that reinforcement membrane shall be synthetic fabric instead of glass fabric.
10.2.11. Insulation on cylindrical straight sections of vessel shells shall be covered with an additional
overlap. The jacketing shall be applied with minimum longitudinal and circumferential laps of
75 mm, the laps being arranged to shed water and located away from the prevailing weather
conditions. Where corrugated sheets are used, a minimum of two corrugation overlaps shall
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be employed at vertical joints.
10.2.12. All jacketing overlaps shall be sealed inside the seam by the application of a fire resistive
joint sealer in the form of a gun extruded bead of metal sealant. The jacketing shall be
secured with stainless steel bands at 400 mm centers employing 12 mm wide x 0.4 mm thick
bands for vessels up to 500 mm outside diameter, and 19 mm wide x 0.5 mm thick bands for
vessels in excess of 500 mm outside diameter. Bands shall be machine tensioned and sealed
with stainless steel seals. In the case of vertical vessels, arrangement of bands shall coincide
with all circumferential overlaps. "S" clips shall be installed as required at horizontal overlaps
for additional support to prevent telescoping. "J" clips shall be installed as required at
intermediate horizontal bands for additional support to prevent band sliding downwards. "J"
clips shall be secured in position using rivets.
10.2.13. When equipment is supported on metal saddles, the closure plate shall be constructed in
such a manner to serve as continuous vapour barrier for the insulation. The closure plate shall
be seal welded at all contact points with the saddles, including main support members and all
gusset and stiffener members. The closure plate shall extend horizontally beyond the saddle
a length to support the full thickness of insulation. The vapour barrier and jacket shall extend
over the edge of the closure plate and terminate on the underneath side of the closure plate.
10.2.14. All metal such as insulation support rings or stiffeners, which are an integral part of the
vessel, shall be insulated with two thirds the intermediate and/or outer layer thickness.
Thickness to be rounded up to next 12 mm. Full thickness is required for single layer
application.
10.2.15. Radiused and beveled segments shall be used for shells of cylindrical diameter between 500
mm and 3600 mm. Segments shall fit the diameter of the shell or of the previous insulation
layer. Flat blocks can be used for shell of cylindrical diameter of 3600 mm and larger with
minimizing the voids.
10.2.16. Radiused and beveled segments shall be used for heads of vessel cylindrical diameter
between 900 mm and 3600 mm. Segments shall fit underneath surface of head or insulation
layer. Flat blocks can be used for heads of vessel cylindrical diameter of 900 mm and less or
of 3600 mm and larger with minimizing the voids.
10.2.17. The top heads insulation of vertical vessels shall be protected with 0.8 mm thick sheeting
arranged in segmental pattern screwed at the overlaps with stainless steel self tapping screws
and flashed over corrugated shell jacket. A 25 mm thick layer of heavy density preformed
mineral wool slabs shall be applied as a cushioning layer over the vapour barrier mastic, to
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prevent any type of puncture of the vapour barrier by the self tapping screw during application
of the sheeting.
10.2.18. Insulation segments shall be supplied with circumferential and longitudinal joints either
shiplapped or butted whichever.
10.2.19. All butt joints shall be installed without a gap.
10.2.20. Insulation for equipment having irregular surfaces may be field fabricated to fit the particular
contours on which it is to be used.
10.2.21. Sectional or segmental pipe covering shall be used for the applicable outside diameters of
equipment or inside diameters of inner layers of insulation.
10.2.22. The innermost and intermediate layers of insulation shall be Polyisocyanurate of medium
density in curved segments for class C1 and cellular glass segments for class C2 applied with
all circumferential and longitudinal joints staggered and sealed with a low temperature
adhesive sealer.
10.2.23. A slip layer shall be introduced between the intermediate layer and the outer layer. This shall
comprise an aluminium polyester laminate foil arranged with 50 mm overlaps sealed with the
specific adhesive.
10.2.24. In case of flanges and irregular surfaces, the inner vapour barrier/slip layer shall be
substituted by a butyl rubber based elastomeric coating. The coating shall be applied in two
coats to provide a dried film of 0.5 mm.
10.2.25. With the exception of Personal Protection insulation, the outer layer of insulation shall be
cellular glass curved segments. All horizontal and vertical joints shall be sealed with joint
sealer.
10.2.26. The inside surface of all cellular glass insulation shall receive a bore coating of anti-abrasive
compound and allowed to dry.
10.2.27. The entire outer surface of the cellular glass insulation including the stainless steel bands
shall be sealed with a reinforced double or triple layer of vapour barrier mastic.
10.2.28. Insulation thickness for equipment bigger than 500 mm outside diameter shall be defined on
a case by case calculation.
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11. INSULATION VENDOR’S DESIGN DELIVERIES

The VENDOR to submit:
1) A complete and detailed design, with typical details for all kinds of items to be insulated.
2) Piping arrangement drawings or isometrics to show contraction joints, vapour stop, clips to
be welded on vertical pipes for insulation supports, and etc.
3) Equipment drawings to show parts to be insulated with references to insulation class,
references to typical detail drawings for particular components, location of
contraction/expansion joints. location of insulation support clips and metal closure plates,
location of guard support clips.
4) Design of equipment and devices needed to perform the work as scaffolding, temporary
facilities, and etc..
5) The handling and warehousing procedure of all materials.
6) The work method statement for insulation works
7) The work method statement for repair works.
8) The technical and safety datasheet of used insulation material.
9) As built documentation.
12. QUALITY CONTROL

12.1. The VENDOR shall prepare a Quality Plan before commencing pre-fabrication of insulation
work.
12.2. In the quality plan the delegated responsibilities of the works and all procedures, method
statements and inspection & test plan (ITP) shall be described.
12.3. In the method statements the execution plan, material, trade and quality procedures of all the
applicable insulation systems shall be described.
12.4. In the ITP all the test procedures shall be described, such as the number of samples,
hold/witness points, test frequencies, acceptance/rejection criteria.
12.5. Equipment and materials shall be subject to inspection during the process of supply,
manufacture, shipping, handling, storage and at all stages of installation and during tests as
specified in the quality assurance documentation.
12.6. The Quality Plan, method statement and ITP’s shall be submitted to OWNER/CONTRACTOR
for review and approval.
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12.7. Inspection by OWNER/CONTRACTOR representative shall not relieve the VENDOR, material
manufacturer or any of their subcontractors of any guarantees, responsibilities or obligations to
supply or install materials conform to the approved specification. Thereto the VENDOR shall
appoint a quality inspector in his organization, who is not involved in the daily organization and
execution of the insulation works, but exclusively is occupied with the Quality Assurance and
the Quality Control of the insulation works.
12.8. Based on the Quality Plan the VENDOR shall prepare standard quality control check list.
12.9. The quality control check list shall include the complete process of activities from receipt of the
materials up to the delivery of the complete job and the related documentation, with all
intermediate steps and stages, for each work.
12.10. The quality control shall be performed during the execution for following main steps:
1) Inspection of the materials
2) Inspection prior to execution
3) Inspection during execution
4) Final inspection and release
13. MATERIALS
13.1. General
Materials furnished under this specification shall be standard catalogued products, new and
commercially available, suitable for service requiring high performance and reliability with low
maintenance and free from all defects.
Insulation material shall have following general properties:
1) Completely free from all forms of asbestos.
2) Free from prohibited hazardous substances. Where these substances cannot be
substituted, they shall be named in the bid by the VENDOR.
3) Material shall not cause a known hazard to health during application, while in use, or on
removal, either particulate matter or from toxic fumes.
4) Chemically neutral with a preferable pH between 7 and 8 in wet condition.
5) Water soluble chloride and fluoride not exceed 10 ppm individually or 15 ppm when
combined.
6) Noncombustible.
7) Non-corrosive effects against metal surfaces if applied, regardless if coating system is
applied to metal surface.
8) Physical properties, particular thermal conductivity, shall meet the requirements of the
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applicable standard so that they do not vary significantly from batch to batch.
9) Pot life to be checked in case of multi components product (vapour barriers, sealant and
etc.)
10) Galvanized or “other” materials containing or coated with zinc, shall not be used in
conjunction with austenitic stainless steel.
11) The VENDOR shall be responsible for the compatibility of all accessories, compounds,
finishes and paint systems of piping/equipment with the insulation materials proposed.
13.2. Insulation materials

13.2.1. Cellular glass
Cellular glass used shall be foam glass type “ONE”, manufactured by Pittsburg Corning or
equivalent approved by OWNER.
 Density +/- 10% per ASTM C303 : 120 kg/m³.
 Average compressive strength 600 kPa tested as per ASTM C240.
 Flexural strength, block average 480 kPa as per ASTM C240.
 Water vapour transmission : 0.00 perm-cm.
 Thermal conductivity, no greater than the following per ASTM C177:
Mean Temp °C W/mK

0 0.039
 Fire resistive properties: noncombustible, E84, maximum flame spread rating : 5.
13.2.2. Polyisocyanurate
 Free of CFC & HCFC.
 Minimum/maximum density 42/45 kg/m³ as per ASTM D1622 (EN ISO845).
 Compressive strength not less than 2.5 kg/cm² in any direction at 20°C tested as per (EN
826) ASTM D1621 at 10% deformation.
 Fire resistive properties as per ASTM E84 for 1 inch :
Flame spread : 15
Smoke developed : 295
 Minimum percentage of closed cells 95% per ASTM D6226.
 Thermal conductivity at 10°C mean temperature measured on 25 mm thick foam, cut on
both sides and aged at 21°C for 180 days shall not be greater than 0,026 W/mk per ASTM
C177. All cutting of the test specimens shall be carried out before ageing. A curve of
thermal conductivity versus temperature shall be supplied by the manufacturer covering the
range -180°C to 20°C.
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13.2.3. Polyurethane foam Injection dispersing kit

1) The foam injection process shall be compatible with the atmospheric site conditions and a
minimum temperature of 15°C shall be maintained for foam components. Final product
shall be in compliance with ASTM C591, type II.
2) Density after moulding shall be 45 kg/m³ ± 5% in accordance with ASTM D1622.
13.2.4. Fiber glass blanket

1) Low density virgin glass fiber slabs (unfaced) for expansion/contraction joints.
2) The material shall have the following minimum properties :
 Density : 23.0/24.0 kg/m³.
 Thermal conductivity at 25°C mean temperature 0.034 W/mk.
 Chloride content : < 10 ppm.
 Quality as per ASTM C871.
3) Low density glass fiber blanket for packing voids between piping or equipment.
 Identical to above except density : 18 kg/m³. Thermal conductivity < 0.041 W/mK.
13.2.5. Heavy density mineral wool pipe sections/slab

Used for sound control application, skirt filling (vessel < 1.2 m), cushioning layer where
screws are used over vapour barrier.
 Density 130 to 150 kg/m³.
 Thermal conductivity at 25°C mean temperature 0.035 W/mK.
 Chloride and fluoride content shall be less than 10 ppm each with combined content less
than 15 ppm when tested in accordance with BS 2972.
 Alkalinity : pH value shall be between 7 and 8 in wet conditions when tested to BS 3958
Parts 4 and 5.
 Service temperature : down to -120°C.
13.2.6. Aerogel (Cryogel® Z)
 Density 128.15 kg/m³.

 Max. Use Temperature : 90°C.
 Thermal conductivity at 25°C mean temperature 0.0138 W/mK.
 Moisture protection type.
13.3. Vapour barriers

13.3.1. Primary vapour barrier
The primary vapor barrier shall consist of 1.2 mm thickness foil-faced butyl sheet
on the outermost surface of insulation, with all joints sealed with the joint sealant tape on piping
or equipment operating below -46°C.
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Longitudinal and circumferential join shall overlapped by minimum 25mm.
13.3.2. Vapour barrier cover

The vapour barrier cover for contraction joints in the outer layer of insulation shall be butyl
rubber sheet 1.2 mm minimum thick which shall be supplied complete with compatible
adhesive.
13.3.3. Inner vapour barrier

Lamination of one aluminium foil between two layers of polyester film with the following
minimum properties :
 Thickness polyester film / aluminium foil / polyester film : 12 / 25 / 12 μm.
 Temperature resistance : -60 to 150 °C.
 Water vapour transmission : 0.001 Perms-cm.
13.3.4. Vapour stop

Low molecular butyl rubber based electrometric coating/sealer, used to seal the edges of
insulation termination on piping operating bellow -40°C.
 Products: Foster cryogenic coating 90-66 or equivalent with membrane for embedding
between the coatings. Membrane of high strength resilient synthetic fabric having 20 x 10
threads per 25 mm, a weight of 33 g/m² and leno weave.
 Service temperature limits : -196°C to 120°C.
 Water vapour transmission ASTM E 398: 0.013 metric perms at 0.5 mm dry film thickness.
 Coverage : per coat 2.0 m²/liter, 0.5 mm wet, 0.29 mm dry. For 3 coats 0/66 m²/liter at 0.87
mm dry.
13.4. Joint sealant / adhesive materials

13.4.1. Non hardening sealant
Non hardening sealant used to seal longitudinal/circumferential joints of all cellular glass
layers of insulation on pipework and equipment shall have the following minimum properties:
 Water vapour permeance : ASTM E96: less than 0.02 perms through 3.2 mm.
 Colour/physical form: white/soft paste dry film thickness.
 Drying time: essentially nondrying, skin over 3 to 4 hours.
 Flammability: dry-low flame spread.
 Product : Foster 95-50 or approved equivalent.
13.4.2. Metal sealant

Metal sealant suitable for gun extrusion or strip applied to a minimum diameter of 4 mm at all
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overlaps in the metal weather barrier.

 Drying time : touch ½ hour through 3 days.
 Specific gravity (approx.) : 1.09.
 Colour : light grey.
 Consistency : soft pasta.
 Flammability : burns slowly.
 Manufacture : Foster 95-44 or approved equivalent.
13.4.3. Adhesive for edges of insulation

 Adhesive used to bond the edges of insulation to the piping used at all insulation
terminations.
 Material : low temperature 100% solids, three components cryogenic adhesive.
 Bonding time: air dry 1 hour; through dry 4-6 hours; full cure 7 days.
 Service temperature limits -196°C to 120°C.
 Pot life, mixed: 1.5 hours at 20°C.
 Solid content: 99.9% by volume.
 Manufacture: Foster 82-77 or approved equivalent.
13.4.4. Adhesive for cellular glass insulation

1) Adhesive for bonding together pieces of prefabricated cellular glass insulation for flange
and valve covers and fittings.
2) Pipe sections of large diameters may be cut from stacked blocks and joined with gypsum
cement based material with similar characteristics to the anti-abrasive coating as
described in 12.4.6.
13.4.5. Adhesive for polyisocyanurate insulation

Adhesive for bonding together pieces of prefabricated Polyisocyanurate insulation for fittings,
flange and valve covers shall be a fire resistive two component material with the following
minimum properties :
 Service temperature : -45°C to 150°C.
 Flammability : BS 476 – Part 7 – Class 1.
 Solid content : 79% by weight.
 Drying time : bonding 2 to 10 minutes through 24 to 36 hours.
 Manufacture : Foster type BF 81-33, or BF 81-84 or approved equivalent.
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13.4.6. Anti-abrasive coating

Anti-abrasive coating shall be applied as a bore coating to all cellular glass inner surfaces and
at the interface between cellular glass and Polyisocyanurate insulation layers.
The anti-abrasive coating shall be a gypsum cement based material designed for the
specified purpose with the following properties :
 Service temperature : -196°C to 93°C.
 Setting time : 30 min (approx.).
 Colour : white.
 Manufacture : Pittsburgh Corning HTAA,or Foster BF 30-16 or approved equivalent.
13.5. Metal jacketing

The metal jacketing shall be stainless steel sheeting type 304(or superior grade) in hazardous
area. Aluminum jacketing can be used in non-hazardous area.
The following thicknesses shall be used:
Application thickness
Pipe up to 600 mm 0.5 mm flat sheet
Pipe 600 to 1000 mm 0.6 mm flat sheet
Pipe 1001 mm and over 0.7 mm flat sheet
Vertical vessels 750 mm and over 0.6 mm flat sheet
Horizontal vessel 750 to 1000 mm 0.6 mm flat sheet
Horizontal vessel 1001 mm and over 0.7 mm flat sheet
Removable covers up to 600 mm dia. Over insulation 0.7 mm
Removable covers 601 mm over insulation and above 1.0 mm
Note : The diameters include the insulation thickness.
13.6. Accessory materials

13.6.1. The tape used to secure all inner layers of PIR insulation where applied to pipework in two
halves, shall be a glass reinforced tape 19 mm wide.
13.6.2. Bands used for securing insulation and jacketing shall be of stainless steel ASTM A167 Type
316 material in the hot rolled annealed and descaled condition.
13.6.3. The banding seals shall be 0.8 mm thick stainless steel type AISI 316.
13.6.4. Banding of the following sizes shall be used:

Stainless steel banding 12 mm wide x 0.4 mm thick with stainless steel seals shall be used in
the following locations:
 All inner layers of PIR insulation where applied to pipework in radiused and beveled
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segments.
 All outer layers of cellular glass on pipework up to 500 mm outside diameter over insulation.
 All inner layers on top, bottom and horizontal vessels heads.
 All metal jacketing on pipework up to 500 mm outside diameter over insulation (see section
12.5 for project selected material).
13.6.5. Stainless steel banding 19 mm wide x 0.5 mm thick with stainless steel seals shall be used in
the following locations:
 All outer layers of cellular glass on pipework in excess of 500 mm outside diameter over
insulation.
 All metal jacketing on pipework in excess of 500 mm outside diameter over insulation (see
section 12.5 for project selected material).
13.6.6. The use of screw shall be limited and could be retained only where no other solution can be
implemented. Where screw fasteners are used for erection on site, they shall be stainless
steel AISI 316 self-tapping type with pan head No.8 (4.17 mm) x 12 mm long. Screws shall
have a cross recessed head slot type 1 ‘Pozidriv’ pattern or equal and shall be complete with
tight fitting PVC washers. For prefabrication only, blind rivets can be used. A protection under
cladding (cushion layers) shall be provided by VENDOR to avoid damaging the vapour barrier.
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APPENDIX 1. INSULATION THICKNESS TABLE

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Table 1. The thickness for low temperature thermal insulation in a fire hazard zone (Polyisocyanurate + Cellular Glass)
(Class C1)
OPERATING TEMPERATURE °C
Nominal
Pipe Down -21 -31 -41 -51 -61 -71 -81 -91 -101 -111 -121 -131 -141 -151 -161 -171
Size To To To To To To To To To To 40 To To To To To To
(Inch)
-20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 -130 -140 -150 -160 -170 -180
1/2 40 40 50 50 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 80 80 80
3/4 40 50 50 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 80 80 80 80
1 40 50 50 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 80 80 80 80 90 90
1 1/2 40 50 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 80 80 80 80 90 90 90 90
2 50 50 70 70 70 70 70 70 80 80 80 80 90 90 90 100 100
3 50 70 70 70 70 70 70 80 80 80 90 90 90 100 100 100 110
4 50 70 70 70 70 70 80 80 80 90 90 90 100 100 100 110 110
6 50 70 70 70 70 80 80 80 90 90 100 100 100 110 110 120 120
8 70 70 70 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 100 110 110 110 120 120 130
10 70 70 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 100 100 110 110 120 120 130 130
12 70 70 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 100 110 110 120 120 130 130 130
14 70 70 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 100 110 110 120 120 130 130 140
16 70 70 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 110 110 110 120 120 130 130 140
18 70 70 70 70 80 90 90 100 100 110 110 120 120 130 130 140 140
20 70 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 100 110 110 120 120 130 130 140 140
24 70 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 100 110 110 120 130 130 140 140 150
26 70 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 100 110 120 120 130 130 140 140 150
30 70 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 110 110 120 120 130 130 140 140 150
36 70 70 70 80 80 90 100 100 110 110 120 120 130 140 140 150 150
42 70 70 70 80 80 90 100 100 110 110 120 130 130 140 140 150 150
Flat 70 70 80 80 90 100 100 110 120 120 130 140 150 150 160 170 170
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Table 2. The thickness for low temperature thermal insulation (Cellular Glass)
(Class C2)
Nominal
Pipe Down -21 -31 -41 -51 -61 -71 -81 -91 -101 -111 -121 -131 -141 -151 -161 -171
Size To To To To To To To To To To To To To To To To To
(Inch)
-20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 -130 -140 -150 -160 -170 -180
1/2 50 50 50 50 65 65 65 75 75 90 90 90 90 100 100 100 115

3/4 50 50 50 65 65 65 75 75 75 90 90 90 100 100 115 115 115
1 50 50 50 65 65 65 75 75 90 90 90 100 100 115 115 115 115
1 1/2 50 50 65 65 65 75 75 90 90 100 100 115 115 115 115 125 125
2 50 50 65 65 75 75 90 90 90 100 115 115 115 125 125 140 140
3 50 65 65 75 75 90 90 100 100 115 115 125 125 140 140 140 150
4 50 65 65 75 90 90 100 100 115 115 125 125 140 140 140 150 175
6 50 65 75 75 90 90 100 115 115 125 140 140 140 150 175 175 175
8 65 65 75 90 90 100 115 115 125 125 140 140 150 175 175 175 175
10 65 65 75 90 90 100 115 115 125 140 140 150 175 175 175 175 200
12 65 65 75 90 100 115 115 125 140 140 150 175 175 175 175 200 200
14 65 65 75 90 100 115 115 125 140 140 150 175 175 175 200 200 200
16 65 75 90 90 100 115 115 125 140 140 150 175 175 175 200 200 200
18 65 75 90 90 100 115 115 125 140 150 175 175 175 200 200 200 225
20 65 75 90 90 100 115 125 140 140 150 175 175 175 200 200 200 225
24 65 75 90 90 100 115 125 140 140 150 175 175 175 200 200 225 225
26 65 75 90 90 100 115 125 140 140 150 175 175 200 200 200 225 225
30 65 75 90 100 115 115 125 140 150 175 175 175 200 200 200 225 225
36 65 75 90 100 115 115 125 140 150 175 175 175 200 200 225 225 225
42 65 75 90 100 115 115 140 140 150 175 175 200 200 200 225 225 250
Flat 65 75 90 115 115 140 140 175 175 200 200 225 225 250 250 275 275
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Table 3. The thickness for low temperature thermal insulation and acoustic insulation (Mineral Wool + Cellular Glass)
(Class C3)
Nominal
Pipe Down -21 -31 -41 -51 -61 -71 -81 -91 -101 -111 -121 -131 -141 -151 -161 -171
(Inch)
-20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 -130 -140 -150 -160 -170 -180
1/2 50 50 50 50 50 75 75 75 75 75 75 90 90 90 90 100 100

3/4 50 50 50 50 75 75 75 75 75 75 90 90 90 100 100 100 115
1 50 50 50 50 75 75 75 75 75 90 90 90 100 100 100 115 115
1 1/2 50 50 50 75 75 75 75 75 90 90 90 100 100 115 115 115 125
2 50 50 75 75 75 75 75 90 90 90 100 100 115 115 115 125 125
3 50 50 75 75 75 75 90 90 100 100 115 115 125 125 140 140 140
4 50 50 75 75 75 90 90 100 100 115 115 125 125 140 140 140 150
6 50 75 75 75 90 90 100 100 115 115 125 140 140 140 150 175 175
8 50 75 75 75 90 90 100 115 115 125 140 140 150 150 175 175 175
10 50 75 75 90 90 100 115 115 125 125 140 140 150 175 175 175 200
12 50 75 75 90 90 100 115 115 125 140 140 150 175 175 175 175 200
14 50 75 75 90 90 100 115 115 125 140 140 150 175 175 175 200 200
16 50 75 75 90 90 100 115 125 125 140 150 175 175 175 175 200 200
18 75 75 75 90 100 100 115 125 140 140 150 175 175 175 200 200 200
20 75 75 75 90 100 115 115 125 140 140 150 175 175 175 200 200 200
24 75 75 75 90 100 115 115 125 140 150 175 175 175 200 200 200 225
26 75 75 75 90 100 115 115 125 140 150 175 175 175 200 200 200 225
30 75 75 75 90 100 115 125 140 140 150 175 175 175 200 200 225 225
36 75 75 90 90 100 115 125 140 140 150 175 175 200 200 200 225 225
42 75 75 90 90 100 115 125 140 150 175 175 175 200 200 225 225 225
Flat 75 75 90 100 115 125 140 150 175 175 200 200 225 225 250 275 275
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Table 4. The thickness for low temperature thermal insulation (Polyisocyanurate)

(Class C4)
Nominal
Pipe Down -21 -31 -41 -51 -61 -71 -81 -91 -101 -111 -121 -131 -141 -151 -161 -171
(Inch)
-20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 -130 -140 -150 -160 -170 -180
1/2 30 30 30 30 40 40 40 50 50 50 50 60 60 60 60 70 70
3/4 30 30 30 40 40 40 50 50 50 50 60 60 60 60 70 70 70
1 30 30 30 40 40 40 50 50 50 60 60 60 70 70 70 70 80
1 1/2 30 30 40 40 40 50 50 50 60 60 60 70 70 70 80 80 80
2 30 30 40 40 50 50 50 60 60 60 70 70 70 80 80 80 90
3 30 40 40 40 50 50 60 60 60 70 70 80 80 80 90 90 90
4 30 40 40 50 50 60 60 60 70 70 80 80 80 90 90 90 100
6 30 40 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 80 80 90 90 90 100 100 110
8 30 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 80 80 80 90 90 100 100 110 110
10 40 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 100 110 110 110
12 40 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 100 110 110 120
14 40 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 80 90 90 100 100 110 110 110 120
16 40 40 50 50 60 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 100 110 110 120 120
18 40 40 50 50 60 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 100 110 110 120 120
20 40 40 50 50 60 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 100 110 120 120 130
24 40 40 50 60 60 70 70 80 80 90 100 100 110 110 120 120 130
26 40 40 50 60 60 70 70 80 90 90 100 100 110 110 120 120 130
30 40 40 50 60 60 70 70 80 90 90 100 100 110 110 120 130 130
36 40 40 50 60 60 70 80 80 90 90 100 100 110 120 120 130 130
42 40 40 50 60 60 70 80 80 90 90 100 110 110 120 120 130 140
Flat 40 50 50 60 70 70 80 90 90 100 110 120 120 130 140 140 150
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Table 5. The thickness for low temperature Loading Arm (Aerogel)

(Class C5)
Nominal
Pipe Down -21 -31 -41 -51 -61 -71 -81 -91 -101 -111 -121 -131 -141 -151
Size To To To To To To To To To To To To To To To
(Inch)
-20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 -130 -140 -150 -160
1/2 15 20 20 25 25 30 30 35 35 35 40 40 40 45 45
3/4 20 20 25 25 30 30 30 35 35 40 40 40 45 45 45
1 20 20 25 25 30 30 35 35 40 40 40 45 45 50 50
1 1/2 20 25 25 30 30 35 35 40 40 45 45 50 50 50 55
2 20 25 25 30 35 35 40 40 45 45 50 50 50 55 55
3 20 25 30 30 35 40 40 45 45 50 50 55 55 60 60
4 20 30 30 40 40 40 50 50 50 50 60 60 60 60 70
6 30 30 30 40 40 50 50 50 60 60 60 60 70 70 70
8 30 30 40 40 40 50 50 50 60 60 60 70 70 70 80
10 30 30 40 40 40 50 50 60 60 60 70 70 70 80 80
12 30 30 40 40 50 50 50 60 60 60 70 70 70 80 80
14 30 30 40 40 50 50 50 60 60 70 70 70 80 80 80
16 30 30 40 40 50 50 50 60 60 70 70 70 80 80 80
18 30 30 40 40 50 50 60 60 60 70 70 70 80 80 80
20 30 30 40 40 50 50 60 60 60 70 70 80 80 80 90
24 30 30 40 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 70 80 80 80 90
26 30 30 40 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 70 80 80 80 90
30 30 30 40 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 70 80 80 90 90
36 30 30 40 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 70 80 80 90 90
42 30 30 40 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 80 80 80 90 90
Flat 30 40 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 70 80 80 90 90 100
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Table 6. The thickness for low temperature personnel protection (Polyisocyanurate)

(Class P1)
Nominal
Pipe Down -21 -31 -41 -51 -61 -71 -81 -91 -101 -111 -121 -131 -141 -151 -161 -171
(Inch)
-20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 -130 -140 -150 -160 -170 -180
1/2 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
3/4 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
1 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
1 1/2 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
2 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
3 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
4 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
6 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
8 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
10 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
12 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
14 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
16 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
18 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
24 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
26 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
30 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
36 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
42 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
Flat 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
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Table 7. Layering of insulation for Class C1
Total Insulation Inner Layer Middle Layer Outer Layer

Thickness (mm) Thickness (mm) Thickness (mm) Thickness (mm)
30 - - 30
40 - - 40
50 - - 50
70 20 - 50
80 30 - 50
90 40 - 50
100 50 - 50
110 60 - 50
120 70 - 50
130 30 50 50
140 40 50 50
150 50 50 50
160 50 60 50
170 50 70 50
180 50 remainder 50
190 70 remainder 50
200 70 remainder 50
210 70 remainder 50
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50 - - 50
65 - - 65
75 - - 75
90 40 - 50
100 50 - 50
115 65 - 50
125 75 - 50
140 75 - 65
150 75 - 75
175 75 50 50
200 75 75 50
225 75 75 75
250 75 75 remainder
275 75 75 remainder
300 75 75 remainder
325 75 75 remainder
350 75 75 remainder
375 75 75 remainder
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50 50 - -
75 50 - 25
90 50 - 40
100 50 - 50
115 50 - 65
125 50 - 75
140 50 50 40
150 50 50 50
175 50 75 50
200 50 75 75
225 50 75 remainder
250 50 75 remainder
275 50 75 remainder
300 50 75 remainder
325 50 75 remainder
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30 - - 30
40 - - 40
50 - - 50
60 30 - 30
70 20 - 50
80 30 - 50
90 40 - 50
100 50 - 50
110 60 - 50
120 70 - 50
130 30 50 50
140 40 50 50
150 50 50 50
160 50 60 50
170 50 70 50
180 50 80 50
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APPENDIX 2. INSULATION TYPICAL DRAWINGS

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ELT-01-EP-TS-0007 - Specification For Insulation - R0

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ELT-01-EP-TS-0007 - Specification For Insulation - R0

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Title SPECIFICATION FOR INSULATION

Document No. ELT-01-EP-TS-0007

SPECIFIATION FOR INSULATION

Project Title : Andres LNG Terminal Expansion Project

3. CODES AND STANDARDS ............................................................................................................ 3

5. DEFINITION OF INSULATION CLASSES ...................................................................................... 6

6. THICKNESS OF INSULATION ....................................................................................................... 9

7. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................................... 11

8. CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................... 12

9. APPLICATION - PIPEWORK ........................................................................................................ 16

10. APPLICATION - EQUIPMENT ...................................................................................................... 21

11. INSULATION VENDOR’S DESIGN DELIVERIES ........................................................................ 25

12. QUALITY CONTROL..................................................................................................................... 25

13. MATERIALS .................................................................................................................................. 26

APPENDIX 1. INSULATION THICKNESS TABLE ................................................................................ 33

APPENDIX 2. INSULATION TYPICAL DRAWINGS ............................................................................. 44

3. CODES AND STANDARDS

3.1. Project specifications and related documents

3.2. Codes and standards

Standard Practice for Estimate of the Heat Gain or Loss

Thermal insulating products for building equipment and

5. DEFINITION OF INSULATION CLASSES

5.1. Low temperature thermal insulation and acoustic insulation

Flexible acoustic mat (type “idikell-M” 3mm

Below 130mm Medium density preformed

-170°C to -40°C All Thickness - Aerogel (Cryogel® Z)

5.2. Personnel Protection

8.2. Type of application

8.3. Application requirements

Maximum Length of expansion / contraction joint “L”

Operating Pipe / Equipment (diameter)

-170°C to -40°C 2.0 mm 4.0 mm 6.0 mm 7.0 mm 9.0 mm See note

9.2. Fittings, valves, flanges

10. APPLICATION - EQUIPMENT

10.2. Equipment, heat exchanger, vessels, drums, pumps

10.2.9. Vapour barrier:

be employed at vertical joints.

10.2.19. All butt joints shall be installed without a gap.

11. INSULATION VENDOR’S DESIGN DELIVERIES

12. QUALITY CONTROL

13.2. Insulation materials

Mean Temp °C W/mK

13.2.3. Polyurethane foam Injection dispersing kit

13.2.4. Fiber glass blanket

13.2.5. Heavy density mineral wool pipe sections/slab

13.2.6. Aerogel (Cryogel® Z)

 Density 128.15 kg/m³.

13.3. Vapour barriers

Longitudinal and circumferential join shall overlapped by minimum 25mm.

13.3.2. Vapour barrier cover

13.3.3. Inner vapour barrier

13.3.4. Vapour stop

13.4. Joint sealant / adhesive materials

13.4.2. Metal sealant

overlaps in the metal weather barrier.

13.4.3. Adhesive for edges of insulation

13.4.4. Adhesive for cellular glass insulation

13.4.5. Adhesive for polyisocyanurate insulation

13.4.6. Anti-abrasive coating

13.5. Metal jacketing

13.6. Accessory materials

13.6.4. Banding of the following sizes shall be used:

APPENDIX 1. INSULATION THICKNESS TABLE