GIAN GEORGETTE H.

SALCEDO
BSAIS-2B

PAPER #10
ADVANCED STATISTICS

I. Decide on what statistical analysis to be used then answer the following using the 5-
steps solution.
1. Past records showed that the average final examination grade in Business Mathematics is
80. A random sample of 30 students was taken and found to have the following scores. Is this an
indication that the sample is better than the rest of the students?
Scores: 77, 90, 88, 86, 90, 91, 76, 78, 80, 82, 86, 88, 83, 78, 87, 90, 95, 77,76, 87, 82, 80, 80,
77, 93, 98, 77, 79, 87, 85. Test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance.

a. H0: μ1 = μ2
There is no significant differences between the scores of students

Ha: μ1 < μ2
This indicates that sample is better to the rest of the students.

b. The level of significance is 0.05 using the one-tailed test or one-directional test. Separating
the rejection and acceptance regions, the critical value/ tabular= 1.65 from the z-table.

c. Reject when the computed test statistic (z) > critical value which means reject Ho when >
1.65.

N MEAN STD. STD. T-CAL P- DECISION

DEVIATIO ERROR VALUE
N
Sample 30 84.1 6.16 1.12 48.1 0.00001 Reject HO
Students

d. From the table, the mean of the thirty sample students is 84.1 with the standard deviation
of 6.16. The standard error is 1.12 and t-computed value is 48.1 with the corresponding p-
value of 0.00001. Since the computed test statistic is 48.1 and the critical value is 1.65, then
48.1 > 1.65. Thus, we reject the HO (Type I Error). There is significant difference between
the scores of the students with the score of population.

e. Therefore, there is evidence to show that the sample perform better than the population.
2. At the beginning of every school year, pre-test is given to all the students who will
take Algebra to find out how much they know regarding the subject. Then, at the
end of the school year, posttest is administered to some students to find out how
much they have learned of the subject. A random of 20 students was taken from last
year’s batch and it was found that they have the following scores.

Pretest: 65, 55, 78, 53, 69, 55, 70, 69, 67, 52, 51, 58, 60, 61, 59, 68, 75, 80, 71, 63
Posttest: 80, 70, 95, 68, 65, 71, 75, 84, 89, 66, 90, 75, 60, 88, 79, 89, 90, 95, 88, 93
Test the hypothesis between the pretest and posttest scores of the students at 0.05 level
of significance two-tailed.

a. H0: μ1 = μ2
There is no significant difference between the scores of the student’s pretest and posttest
within the school year.

Ha: μ1 ≠ μ2
There is a significant difference between the scores of the student’s pretest and posttest
within the school year.

b. The level of significance is 0.05 using the two-tailed test or two-directional test. Separating
the rejection and acceptance regions, the critical value/ tabular= ±1.96 from the z-table.

c. Reject when the computed test statistic (z) > critical value which means reject Ho when >
±1.96.

N MEAN STD. T- DF P- DECISION

DIFFERENCE DEVIATION CAL VALUE
Pretest 20 16.55 2.12 7.81 19 0.00001 Reject HO
Posttest

d. From the table, the mean difference between pretest and posttest is 16.55 with the standard
deviation 2.12. The calculated t-value is 7.81 with the corresponding p-value of 0.00001.
Since the computed test statistic is 7.81 and the critical value is ±1.96, then 7.81 > ±1.96.
Thus, we reject the HO (Type I Error). There is significant difference between the scores
pretest and posttest within the school year.

e. Therefore, there is evidence to show that pretest and posttest within the school year is
significant to the students.
3. The following data represent the operating time in hours of the 3 types of scientific
pocket calculators before a recharge is required. Determine whether there is a
significant difference among the three calculators. Test at 0.05 level of significance.
Brand A Brand B Brand C
4.9 6.4 4.8
5.3 6.8 5.4
4.6 5.6 6.7
6.1 6.5 7.9
4.3 6.3 6.2
6.9 6.7 5.3

a. H0: μ1 = μ2 = μ3
There is no significant difference among the sales of the three brand of scientific pocket
calculators.

Ha: μ1 ≠ μ2≠ μ3
There is significant difference among the sales of the three brand of scientific pocket
calculators.

b. The level of significance is 0.05 using the two-tailed test or two-directional test. Separating the
rejection and acceptance regions, we will compute for the degrees of freedom.
Df= (c) (r-1) by (c-1)
Df= (3) (6-1) by (3-1)
Df= 15 by 2
F TABULAR = 3.6923

c. Reject when the computed test statistic (z) > critical value which means reject Ho when >
3.6923

d. From the table the sums of the squares of between the treatments and within treatments are 3.34 and
12.16, respectively with the degrees of freedom of 2 and 15. The mean squares are 1.67 and 0.81.
Since the computed test statistic is 2.05894 and the critical value is 3.6923, then 2.05894 <3.6923.
Thus, we accept the HO (Type II Error). There is no significant difference among the sales of the
three brand of scientific pocket calculators.

e. Therefore, the sales of the three brand of scientific pocket calculators were not statistically
significant.
4. The following are the scores in a Math Quiz Bee of 5 students in two different schools.
DLL: 45 56 34 40 22
SLSU: 33 63 45 28 16
Test the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference between the performance
of DLL students to SLSU students in Math Quiz Bee. Use 0.05 level of significance.

a. H0: μ1 = μ2
There is no significant difference between the performance of DLL and SLSU in Math Quiz
Bee.

Ha: μ1 ≠ μ2
There is significant difference between the performance of DLL and SLSU in Math Quiz
Bee.

b. The level of significance is 0.05 using the two-tailed test or two-directional test. Separating
the rejection and acceptance regions, the critical value/ tabular= ±1.96 from the z-table.

c. Reject when the computed test statistic (z) > critical value which means reject Ho when >
±1.96.

SCHOO N MEAN STD. STD. T-CAL P- DECISION

L DEVIATION ERROR VALUE
DLL 5 39.4 6.16 1.12 48.1 0.00001 Reject HO
SLSU 5 37

d.