carapace

chelipeds/claws/pincers
promotes healing
Abdomen
mutation ;
gives stripes ;
(some) stripey insects were not, eaten / killed (by,
predators / other animals) ;
survived ;
to, breed / reproduce / mate ;
pass on the allele(s) for stripes (to next generation) ;
A gene(s)
non-stripey insects, did not survive / became extinct
/ died out ;
(natural) selection ; A ref. to selected for / selected
against
camouflage
adapted
) unsegmented body ;
tentacles ;
mantle / mantle cavity ;
gills ;
sexual / external ;
involves, gametes / fertilisation ;
predator
cytoplasm/ vacuole, decreases in, size/ volume ;
(some) cell membrane/ cytoplasm, pulls away /AW,
from cell wall ;
plasmolysis / cells are plasmolysed ;
cells, are flaccid/ not turgid/ lose turgor ;
cell walls no longer, pushed outward/withstand
pressure ; [ma 3]
A ‘cell shrinks’
ignore implodes / shrivels up
(ii) salt solution has a lower water potential than
the cell ; ora
water moves out of the cells, by osmosis ;
down a water potential gradient/ from a high(er)
water potential
to a low(er) water potential ;
through a partially permeable membrane ;
transports, oxygen/ gases ; [1]
controls activities in the cell/AW
more space for haemoglobin
red blood cells) have shrunk /
osmosis ;
(diffusion/osmosis) of water molecules into cells ;
down a water potential gradient/ from high water
potential (of
solution) to low water potential (in cells) ;
evaporation
development : increase in complexity ;
(named) cell / tissue(s)/ organ(s)/ organ system(s),
become
specialised/ differentiate
animal cell bursts;
plant cell becomes turgid swell
through partially permeable membrane
chlorophyll;
less photosynthesis;
DNA is found in a cell: chromosome
nucleus
adapt to environment / conditions in new places are
different
competition between individuals
struggle for existence
ref to variation
survival of fittest / those that are better adapted
survive
reproduce, pass on their alleles; A genes I traits
mutations / changes in DNA
change in the gene pool / AW
changes to physical / behaviour (of species), e.g.
mating behaviour
large surface area ;
to maximise absorption
thin cell wall ;
short distance for diffusion
cytoplasm
nucleolus ;
mitochondria ;
endoplasmic reticulum / Golgi ;
amyloplasts ; A starch, grains / granules
more than one chromosome / linear
chromosome(s) ;
cytoplasm
mutation
甲壳
螯足/爪/钳子
促进愈合
腹部
突变；
给出条纹；
（一些）条纹昆虫没有被吃掉/杀死（被捕食者/
其他动物）；
幸存下来；
繁殖/繁殖/交配；
传递条纹的等位基因（传给下一代）；一个基因
非条纹昆虫，没有存活/灭绝/灭绝；
（自然选择 ;一个参考。选择/选择反对
伪装
适应
) 未分段的身体；
触手；
地幔/地幔腔；
鳃；
性/外部;
涉及，配子/受精；
捕食者
细胞质/液泡，尺寸/体积减少；
(一些)细胞膜/细胞质，从细胞壁拉开/AW；
质壁分离/细胞被质壁分离；
细胞，松弛/不膨胀/失去膨胀；
细胞壁不再向外推/承受压力； [马 3]
“细胞缩小”
忽略内爆/萎缩
(ii) 盐溶液的水势低于电池；奥拉
水通过渗透作用从细胞中移出；
下降水势梯度/从高（呃）水势
到低（er）水势；
通过部分渗透膜；
运输，氧气/气体； [1]
控制细胞/AW 中的活动
更多的血红蛋白空间
红细胞）已经缩小 /
渗透;
（扩散/渗透）水分子进入细胞；
下降水势梯度/从高水势（
解决方案）到低水势（在细胞中）；
蒸发
发展：复杂性增加；
（命名）细胞/组织/器官/器官系统，成为
专业/差异化
动物细胞破裂；
植物细胞变得肿胀膨胀
通过部分渗透膜
叶绿素；
较少的光合作用；
DNA 存在于细胞中：染色体
核
适应新地方的环境/条件
不同的
个人之间的竞争
生存斗争
参考变异
适者生存/那些更好适应的
存活
繁殖，传递它们的等位基因； A 基因 I 特征
DNA 的突变/变化
基因库的变化 / AW
（物种的）身体/行为的变化，例如
交配行为
表面积大；
最大限度地吸收
薄细胞壁；
短距离扩散
细胞质
核仁;
线粒体；
内质网/高尔基体；
淀粉体； A 淀粉粒/颗粒
多于一条染色体/线性染色体；
细胞质
突变