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<p>Jatropha curcus is a drought-resistant perennial, growing well in marginal/poor

soil. It is easy to establish, grows relatively quickly and lives, producing seeds
for 50 years. Jatropha the wonder plant produces seeds with an oil content of
37%. The oil can be combusted as fuel without being refined. It burns with clear
smoke-free flame, tested successfully as fuel for simple diesel engine. The by-
products are press cake a good organic fertilizer, oil contains also insecticide.
It is found to be growing in many parts of the country, rugged in nature and can
survive with minimum inputs and easy to propagate. Medically it is used for
diseases like cancer, piles, snakebite, paralysis, dropsy etc. Jatropha grows wild
in many areas of India and even thrives on infertile soil. A good crop can be
obtained with little effort. Depending on soil quality and rainfall, oil can be
extracted from the jatropha nuts after two to five years. The annual nut yield
ranges from 0.5 to 12 tons. The kernels consist of oil to about 60 percent; this
can be transformed into biodiesel fuel through esterification. Family:
Euphorbiaceae Synonyms: Curcas purgans Medic. Vernacular/common names: English-
physic nut, purging nut; Hindi - Ratanjyot Jangli erandi; Malayalam ? Katamanak;
Tamil ? Kattamanakku; Telugu ? Pepalam; Kannada ? Kadaharalu; Gujarathi ? Jepal;
Sanskrit ? Kanana randa. Distribution and habitat It is still uncertain where the
centre of origin is, but it is believed to be Mexico and Central America. It has
been introduced to Africa and Asia and is now cultivated world-wide. This highly
drought-resistant species is adapted to arid and semi-arid conditions. The current
distribution shows that introduction has been most successful in the drier regions
of the tropics with annual rainfall of 300-1000 mm. It occurs mainly at lower
altitudes (0-500 m) in areas with average annual temperatures well above
20&Atilde;&macr;&Acirc;&iquest;&Acirc;&frac12;C but can grow at higher altitudes
and tolerates slight frost. It grows on well-drained soils with good aeration and
is well adapted to marginal soils with low nutrient content. Botanical Features
It is a small tree or shrub with smooth gray bark, which exudes a whitish colored,
watery, latex when cut. Normally, it grows between three and five meters in height,
but can attain a height of up to eight or ten meters under favourable conditions.
Leaves It has large green to pale-green leaves, alternate to sub-opposite, three-
to five-lobed with a spiral phyllotaxis. Flowers The petiole length ranges between
6-23 mm. The inflorescence is formed in the leaf axil. Flowers are formed
terminally, individually, with female flowers usually slightly larger and occurs in
the hot seasons. In conditions where continuous growth occurs, an unbalance of
pistillate or staminate flower production results in a higher number of female
flowers. Fruits Fruits are produced in winter when the shrub is leafless, or it may
produce several crops during the year if soil moisture is good and temperatures are
sufficiently high. Each inflorescence yields a bunch of approximately 10 or more
ovoid fruits. A three, bi-valved cocci is formed after the seeds mature and the
fleshy exocarp dries. Seeds The seeds become mature when the capsule changes from
green to yellow, after two to four months Flowering and fruiting habit The
trees are deciduous, shedding the leaves in the dry season. Flowering occurs during
the wet season and two flowering peaks are often seen. In permanently hu-mid
regions, flowering occurs throughout the year. The seeds mature about three months
after flowering. Early growth is fast and with good rainfall conditions nursery
plants may bear fruits after the first rainy season, direct sown plants after the
second rainy season. The flowers are pollinated by insects especially honey bees.
Ecological Requirements Jatropha curcas grows almost anywhere , even on gravelly,
sandy and saline soils. It can thrive on the poorest stony soil. It can grow even
in the crevices of rocks. The leaves shed during the winter months form mulch
around the base of the plant. The organic matter from shed leaves enhance earth-
worm activity in the soil around the root-zone of the plants, which improves the
fertility of the soil. Regarding climate, Jatropha curcas is found in the tropics
and subtropics and likes heat, although it does well even in lower temperatures and
can withstand a light frost. Its water requirement is extremely low and it can
stand long periods of drought by shedding most of its leaves to reduce
transpiration loss. Jatropha is also suitable for preventing soil erosion and
shifting of sand dunes. Biophysical limits Altitude: 0-500 m, Mean annual
temperature: 20-28 deg. C, Mean annual rainfall: 300-1000 mm or more. Soil type:
Grows on well-drained soils with good aeration and is well adapted to marginal
soils with low nutrient content. On heavy soils, root formation is reduced.
Jatropha is a highly adaptable species, but its strength as a crop comes from its
ability to grow on very poor and dry sites. A large genus of herbs, shrubs and
trees distributed in the tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world, chiefly in
Africa and America. About 9 species have been recorded in India; some of them are
grown in gardens for their ornamental foliage and flowers. These plants has various
uses, one use is as medicinal plant and another use is for extraction of different
alkaloids. There is another most important part of the plants i.e. seeds oil. The
seed oil can be used as biofuel. The plants are cultivated largely in the South
America, France, and Africa. It is cultivated in the rainy season and fruits or
seed yielded in the winter season. Leaves and plants are used for the extraction of
different alkoloids, which is largely used for the preparation of different
medicinal value products. The Jatropha seed available has 94% oil content. Jatropha
oil has different use of which it can be used as biofuel. After extraction of oil
seed waste can be used for making organic waste. In India it can be largely
produced in the Assam, Orissa and Goa hills. As a whole Jatropha cultivation in
India may open the new way of medicinal plant cultivation and the new way of
starting the sources of bio fuel. Anybody may enter into this field will be
successful.</p>%PDF-1.4
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<div id="pnlBook" style="width: 100%; padding: 0; margin: 0;">

<table>
<tr>
<td class="auto-style3">
<img
src="http://www.entrepreneurindia.co/images/niir_logo.png" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr color="Red">
<td class="auto-style3">
<p>
106-E, Kamla Nagar, New Delhi-110007, India.
<br />
Tel: 91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886,
+918800733955,<br />
Mobile: +91-9811043595.
<br />
Email: <a
href="mailto:npcs.ei@gmail.com">npcs.ei@gmail.com </a>,<a
href="mailto:info@entrepreneurindia.co">info@entrepreneurindia.co</a><br />
<br />
Website: <a
href="www.entrepreneurIndia.co">www.entrepreneurIndia.co</a>
<br />

</p>

</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
<h2>
<span id="lblName">Jatropha Plantation and Oil
Extraction (Used As Bio Fuel)</span><br />
</h2>
</td>

</tr>

<tr>
<td>

<table border="1">
<tr>
<td><b>Capacity:</b></td>
<td>
<span id="lblCapacity">24000.00
Kgs/Annum</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><b>Plant and machinery cost:</b></td>
<td>
<span
id="lblPlantandmachinerycost">30.00</span> Lakh</td>
</tr>
<tr>

<td><b>Working Capital:</b></td>
<td>
<span id="lblWorkingCapital">8.00</span>
Lakh</td>
</tr>
<tr>

<td><b>Rate of return(ROR):</b></td>
<td>
<span id="lblRateofreturn">16.00</span> %</td>
</tr>
<tr>

<td><b>Break Even Point (BEP):</b></td>


<td>
<span id="lblBreakEvenPoint">66.00</span>
%</td>
</tr>
<tr>

<td><b>TCI:</b></td>
<td>
<span id="lblTCI">92.00</span> Lakh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><b>Cost of Project:</b></td>
<td>
<span id="lblCostofProject">92.00</span>
Lakh</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span id="lblDescription"><p>Jatropha curcus is a drought-
resistant perennial, growing well in marginal/poor soil. It is easy to establish,
grows relatively quickly and lives, producing seeds for 50 years. Jatropha the
wonder plant produces seeds with an oil content of 37%. The oil can be combusted as
fuel without being refined. It burns with clear smoke-free flame, tested
successfully as fuel for simple diesel engine. The by-products are press cake a
good organic fertilizer, oil contains also insecticide. It is found to be growing
in many parts of the country, rugged in nature and can survive with minimum inputs
and easy to propagate. Medically it is used for diseases like cancer, piles,
snakebite, paralysis, dropsy etc. Jatropha grows wild in many areas of India and
even thrives on infertile soil. A good crop can be obtained with little effort.
Depending on soil quality and rainfall, oil can be extracted from the jatropha nuts
after two to five years. The annual nut yield ranges from 0.5 to 12 tons. The
kernels consist of oil to about 60 percent; this can be transformed into biodiesel
fuel through esterification. Family: Euphorbiaceae Synonyms: Curcas purgans Medic.
Vernacular/common names: English- physic nut, purging nut; Hindi - Ratanjyot Jangli
erandi; Malayalam ? Katamanak; Tamil ? Kattamanakku; Telugu ? Pepalam; Kannada ?
Kadaharalu; Gujarathi ? Jepal; Sanskrit ? Kanana randa. Distribution and habitat
It is still uncertain where the centre of origin is, but it is believed to be
Mexico and Central America. It has been introduced to Africa and Asia and is now
cultivated world-wide. This highly drought-resistant species is adapted to arid and
semi-arid conditions. The current distribution shows that introduction has been
most successful in the drier regions of the tropics with annual rainfall of 300-
1000 mm. It occurs mainly at lower altitudes (0-500 m) in areas with average annual
temperatures well above 20&Atilde;&macr;&Acirc;&iquest;&Acirc;&frac12;C but can
grow at higher altitudes and tolerates slight frost. It grows on well-drained soils
with good aeration and is well adapted to marginal soils with low nutrient content.
Botanical Features It is a small tree or shrub with smooth gray bark, which exudes
a whitish colored, watery, latex when cut. Normally, it grows between three and
five meters in height, but can attain a height of up to eight or ten meters under
favourable conditions. Leaves It has large green to pale-green leaves, alternate
to sub-opposite, three-to five-lobed with a spiral phyllotaxis. Flowers The petiole
length ranges between 6-23 mm. The inflorescence is formed in the leaf axil.
Flowers are formed terminally, individually, with female flowers usually slightly
larger and occurs in the hot seasons. In conditions where continuous growth occurs,
an unbalance of pistillate or staminate flower production results in a higher
number of female flowers. Fruits Fruits are produced in winter when the shrub is
leafless, or it may produce several crops during the year if soil moisture is good
and temperatures are sufficiently high. Each inflorescence yields a bunch of
approximately 10 or more ovoid fruits. A three, bi-valved cocci is formed after the
seeds mature and the fleshy exocarp dries. Seeds The seeds become mature when the
capsule changes from green to yellow, after two to four months Flowering and
fruiting habit The trees are deciduous, shedding the leaves in the dry season.
Flowering occurs during the wet season and two flowering peaks are often seen. In
permanently hu-mid regions, flowering occurs throughout the year. The seeds mature
about three months after flowering. Early growth is fast and with good rainfall
conditions nursery plants may bear fruits after the first rainy season, direct sown
plants after the second rainy season. The flowers are pollinated by insects
especially honey bees. Ecological Requirements Jatropha curcas grows almost
anywhere , even on gravelly, sandy and saline soils. It can thrive on the poorest
stony soil. It can grow even in the crevices of rocks. The leaves shed during the
winter months form mulch around the base of the plant. The organic matter from shed
leaves enhance earth-worm activity in the soil around the root-zone of the plants,
which improves the fertility of the soil. Regarding climate, Jatropha curcas is
found in the tropics and subtropics and likes heat, although it does well even in
lower temperatures and can withstand a light frost. Its water requirement is
extremely low and it can stand long periods of drought by shedding most of its
leaves to reduce transpiration loss. Jatropha is also suitable for preventing soil
erosion and shifting of sand dunes. Biophysical limits Altitude: 0-500 m, Mean
annual temperature: 20-28 deg. C, Mean annual rainfall: 300-1000 mm or more. Soil
type: Grows on well-drained soils with good aeration and is well adapted to
marginal soils with low nutrient content. On heavy soils, root formation is
reduced. Jatropha is a highly adaptable species, but its strength as a crop comes
from its ability to grow on very poor and dry sites. A large genus of herbs,
shrubs and trees distributed in the tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world,
chiefly in Africa and America. About 9 species have been recorded in India; some of
them are grown in gardens for their ornamental foliage and flowers. These plants
has various uses, one use is as medicinal plant and another use is for extraction
of different alkaloids. There is another most important part of the plants i.e.
seeds oil. The seed oil can be used as biofuel. The plants are cultivated largely
in the South America, France, and Africa. It is cultivated in the rainy season and
fruits or seed yielded in the winter season. Leaves and plants are used for the
extraction of different alkoloids, which is largely used for the preparation of
different medicinal value products. The Jatropha seed available has 94% oil
content. Jatropha oil has different use of which it can be used as biofuel. After
extraction of oil seed waste can be used for making organic waste. In India it
can be largely produced in the Assam, Orissa and Goa hills. As a whole Jatropha
cultivation in India may open the new way of medicinal plant cultivation and the
new way of starting the sources of bio fuel. Anybody may enter into this field will
be successful.</p></span>
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<h6>NIIR Project Consultancy Services (NPCS) is a reliable
name in the industrial world for offering integrated technical consultancy
services. Its various
services are: Pre-feasibility study, New Project
Identification, Project Feasibility and Market Study, Identification of Profitable
Industrial Project
Opportunities, Preparation of Project Profiles and Pre-
Investment and Pre-Feasibility Studies, Market Surveys and Studies, Preparation of
Techno-Economic Feasibility Reports, Identification and
Selection of Plant and Machinery, Manufacturing Process and or Equipment required,
General
Guidance, Technical and Commercial Counseling for
setting up new industrial projects and industry.
NPCS also publishes varies technology books, directory,
databases, detailed project reports, market survey reports on various industries
and profit
making business. Besides being used by manufacturers,
industrialists and entrepreneurs, our publications are also used by Indian and
overseas
professionals including project engineers, information
services bureau, consultants and consultancy firms as one of the input in their
research.</h6>
</td>
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<td>&nbsp;</td>
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<td>
<h><b>NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES</b> <br />
106-E, Kamla Nagar, New Delhi-110007, India. <br />
Tel: 91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, +918800733955 <br
/>
Mobile: +91-9811043595 <br />
Email: <a href="mailto:npcs.ei@gmail.com">npcs.ei@gmail.com
</a>,<a href="mailto:info@entrepreneurindia.co">info@entrepreneurindia.co</a><br />
Website: <a
href="www.entrepreneurIndia.co">www.entrepreneurIndia.co</a></h>
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