01 OEC509001 vHSS9860V500R009 System and Networking Overview ISSUE2.00

vHSS9860 System
and
Networking Overview
www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

References
l  SingleSDBV100R007C10 (Cloud) product documentation
Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 2
Objectives
l  Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
p  Grasp the logical structure of the vHSS9860, functions of each
subsystem, and the relationship between the subsystems
p  Grasp the location of the vHSS9860 in the G/U network and

the SAE network
p  Grasp the basic performance specifications of the vHSS9860
Contents
1.  vHSS9860 product overview
2.  Interfaces and protocols
3.  System structure
4.  Functions and features
5.  Technical Specifications
vHSS9860 product overview
l  The HSS9860 stores and manages identities, authentication
data, subscription information, and location information
about subscribers. In addition, the HSS9860 verifies mobile
terminals when they attempt to connect to networks.
The Location of vHSS9860 in GU
network
The Location of vHSS9860 in SAE
network
Location of vHSS9860 in the VoLTE
Solution
l  Supports the
enhanced Single
Radio Voice Call
Continuity (eSRVCC)
function.
l  Optimizes anchoring
procedures.
l  Supports IP short
message service.
Applicable to the Internet of Things
l  The machine-to-machine (M2M) technology allows intelligent terminals in the
Internet of Things to communicate with each other to facilitate industry users'
production monitoring, scheduling, remote data measurement, and remote
diagnosis.
Distributed Structure of Data and
Services in SingleSDB
Seamless Geographic Redundancy
l  Seamless geographic
redundancy has the following
advantages:
p  Isolates faults immediately,
thereby improving network
security.
p  Reduces infrastructure
construction costs by using
mature IT and IP technologies.
p  Simplifies network structure and

equipment maintenance, thereby
reducing the total cost of
operation (TCO).
Cloud Deployment
l  In the USCDB cloud
networking, subscriber
data is stored in USCDBs
based on number
segments to facilitate
subscriber identification
and management. The
partition is used to identify
USCDBs in the cloud
network. The active and
redundancy USCDBs
have the same partition
ID
Contents
Interfaces of the vHSS9860
Diameter-based Interfaces
S6a
MME
HSS
S6d
SGSN
MAP Interface Protocol Stack
C/D/J C/D/J
Gr/Gc Gr/Gc
HSS HSS
MAP MAP MAP MAP
TCAP TCAP TCAP TCAP
SCCP SCCP
SCCP SCCP
M3UA M3UA
MTP-3 MTP-3
SCTP SCTP
MTP-2 MTP-2
IP IP
MTP-1 MTP-1 MAC MAC
Based on TDM Based on IP
Questions
l  What are the interfaces between the HSS and the MSC,
VLR, SCP, SGSN, MME?
Contents
Contents
3.1 System structure
3.2 Sub-system introduction
3.3 Signaling Procedure
System Architecture
Contents
Internal Structure of vHSS9860
Signaling processing subsystem
l  Functional structure of the
signaling processing
subsystem that processes
MAP and Diameter
services
Signaling processing subsystem(con.)
l  Functional structure of the
signaling processing
subsystem that processes
NP queries
Subscriber Data Management
Subsystem
DPU: Dispatching Unit DTL: Data Tool PGW: Provisioning Gateway
Data Service Subsystem
l  DRU: Data Routing Unit DSU: Data Service Unit FE: Front
End
l  DPU: dispatching unit DSG: Data Service Gateway BE: Back

End© 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Copyright Page 26
Data Storage Subsystem
l  DBG: Database Gateway
l  NDF: Network data function
l  PT: Proton (PT), a relational

hard disk database
enhanced with the High
Availability (HA) function.
Questions
l  How many Sub-systems of HSS9860 ? And what’s the
function of each sub-systems ?
Contents
Procedure for processing IP MAP
signaling
Procedure for processing IP Diameter
signaling
Procedure for processing TCP/UDP
signaling
Procedure for processing NP queries
Procedure for processing
subscription notification messages
Rules for Establishing LDAP Links
Between the FE and BE
FE1 BE1 FE1 BE1

Link1 DSG1
DSG1
IP1 IP5 DSG1 IP1 IP5
DSG1
Link2 Link6
DSG2 DSG2
IP2 Link3 IP6 DSG2
IP2 IP6
DSG2
FE2 BE2
FE2 BE2
IP3 IP7
DSG3
DSG3 IP3 Link5 IP7 DSG3
DSG3 Link4
Link8
DSG4
IP4 IP8
DSG4 DSG4
DSG4
IP4 Link7 IP8
Contents
Contents
4.1 Service functions on GU network
4.2 Service functions on SAE network
Functions in the GU Network
l  Features (GSM/UMTS Networks)
p  Basic Services of HLR
p  Encryption and Authentication Services of HLR
p  Supplementary Services of HLR

p  CAMEL Services
p  Protocol-Specific Enhanced Services of HLR
p  Other Protocol-Specific Services of HLR
p  Feature Services of HLR
p  Network Maintenance Services of HLR
Contents
4.1 Service functions on GU network
4.2 Service functions on SAE network
LTE Mobility Management
l  The EPS has the following features:
p  It adopts the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
(OFDM) and multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO)
technologies. This helps to improve spectrum utilization.
p  The network architecture is flat, and the signaling and user

planes are separated. This ensures an end-to-end quality of
service (QoS) as the QoS can be controlled on each bearer.
p  Subscribers can roam or move between different access

networks while keeping service connectivity.
PLMN-Specific Roaming Restriction
Service
l  The PLMN-Specific Roaming Restriction service enables
carriers to allow subscriber roaming only in the public land
mobile networks (PLMNs) that have signed roaming
agreements with the local PLMN.
Diameter Node-Specific Roaming
Restriction Service
l  The Diameter Node-Specific Roaming Restriction service allows carriers
to restrict subscriber roaming to service areas covered by specific
Diameter nodes. A Diameter node is a network entity running the
Diameter protocol. A Diameter node can be a mobile management entity
(MME), a 3GPP authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA)
server, or an S4-serving GPRS support node (S4-SGSN). An area served
by a Diameter node can be a city or a region.
Regional Roaming Restriction Service
l  The HSS9860 provides static and dynamic regional roaming
restriction services.
l  Static regional roaming restriction service
Regional Roaming Restriction Service
l  Dynamic regional roaming restriction service

Local Breakout for Roaming
l  The Local Breakout for Roaming service allows roaming subscribers to
connect to networks through a packet data network gateway (PDN GW)
in a visited PLMN without roundabout routing to the home network.
Wildcard APN function
l  When registering the access point name (APN) for a
subscriber, the HSS9860 uses the wildcard * to represent a
wildcard APN. The Wildcard APN function allows
subscribers to choose a proper APN to access the network
based on the actual situation..
Typical Packet Service
1 MME
ICP/ISP
internet
2 S-GW P-GW
eNodeB
Signaling
Data
Typical Voice Service
IMS domain
MGCF
SAE Signaling
IMS Signaling 3
SS7 Signaling
CSCF IMS-MGW SS7
Data (VOIP)
MME 4
1
2
MSC
4 PLMN
S-GW P-GW
eNodeB
SAE
EPS-AKA Authentication
l  Authentication is a process of checking the validity of
subscribers. As a part of security management of the mobile
network, authentication helps carriers to ensure the network
security and data integrity. The Evolved Packet System-
Authentication and Key Agreement (EPS-AKA)
authentication is used on the LTE network.
EPS-AKA authentication flow
Attach Procedure
l  Function of attach procedure:
p  The UE register to the EPS network.
p  The always-on IP connectivity for UE/users of the EPS is

enabled by establishing a default EPS bearer during Network
Attachment.
p  The MM context and EPS bearer context will be created in the

MME and UE. The EPS bearer context will be created in S-GW
and P-GW.
Attach Procedure
eNodeB New MME Old MME HSS S-GW P-GW

1. Attach request
2. Identification req/rsp
3. Identity req/rsp
4. Security function
5. Update location request
6. Cancel location /Ack
7. Update location Ack
8. Create session req
9. Create session req
10. Create session rsp
Attach Procedure
eNodeB New MME Old MME HSS S-GW P-GW

11. Create session rsp
12. Attach accept
13. Radio bearer establish
14. Attach complete
15. Modify bearer request
16. Modify bearer response
17. Uplink and downlink data
Inter TAU with SGW change
eNodeB New MME Old MME HSS New S-GW

Old S-GW P-GW
1. TAU request
2. Context request
3. Context response
4. Security function
5. Context Ack
6. Create Session request
7. Modify bearer request
8. Modify bearer response
9. Create Session response
Inter TAU with SGW change
eNodeB New MME Old MME HSS New S-GW

Old S-GW P-GW
10. Update location request
11. Cancel location
12. Cancel location Ack
13. Update location Ack
16. TAU accept 14. Delete bearer request
17. TAU complete 15. Delete bearer response
Interworking Between HSS and HLR
(FNR Mode)
l  The Flexible Number Routing (FNR) feature enables the
newly-deployed HLR/SAE-HSS to forward CS-domain
messages to the existing HLR, allowing carriers to provide
LTE services for GSM and UMTS subscribers without
changing the subscribers' USIM cards or MSISDNs or
upgrading the existing HLR. With the FNR feature, carriers
address the following issues when deploying an HLR/SAE-
HSS to interwork with the existing HLR to provide LTE
services for GSM and UMTS subscribers:
(FNR Mode)(Con.)
l  FNR scheme 1: The HLR/
SAE-HSS processes all
CS, PS, and EPC service
requests for the GSM and
UMTS subscribers who are
upgraded to LTE
subscribers.
(FNR Mode)(Con.)
SAE-HSS processes PS-
and EPC-domain service
requests and forwards CS-
domain service requests to
the existing HLR.
(FNR Mode)(Con.)
SAE-HSS processes EPC-
domain service requests
and forwards CS- and PS-
domain service requests to
the existing HLR.
(Gr’ Mode)
l  The HSS and HLR Interworking feature enables GSM and
UMTS subscribers to use LTE services without changing
their USIM cards and MSISDNs. During the HSS and HLR
Interworking feature, the HSS on the LTE network can
synchronize subscriber data from the HLR on the GSM and
UMTS networks through the Gr' interface to continue with
LTE service processing.
(Gr’ Mode) (Con.)
Contents
vHSS9860 Traffic Model
Huawei Format
Traffic Model
2G 3G EPS
Average voice traffic per subscriber@BH(Erlang) 0.025 0.018 　
Average Call Duration(Second) 60 60 　
Average voice traffic per prepaid subscriber@BH(Erlang) 0.025 0.018 　
Voice call
Average call duration of prepaid subscribers(sec.) 60 60 　
MS<->MS call ratio (Intra) 20% 20% 　
Other -> MS call ratio 45% 45% 　
Location update/BH/SUB(To HLR) 0.4 0.2 　
CS
Send authentication to AuC/BH/SUB 0.5 0.8 　
GPRS Location update/BH/SUB(PS) 0.05 0.25 　
PS
Send authentication to AuC/BH/SUB(PS) 0.6 0.6 　
Data
InsertSubscriberData(ODBAOC)/BH/SUB 0.1 0.1 　
management
USSD USSD/BH/SUB 0.05 0.05 　
SMS Number of SMS/BH/SUB(MT) 0.36 0.3 　
MT-LCS(BH/SUB) 0.2 0.2 　
LCS
MO-LCS(BH/SUB) 0.1 0.1 　
EPS Update-Location-Request/BH/SUB 　　 0.4
EPS Authentication-Information-Request/BH/SUB 　　 0.4
EPS Cancel-Location-Request/BH/SUB 　　 0.2
EPS EPS Insert-Subscriber-Data-Request/BH/SUB 　　 0.05
EPS Delete-Subscriber-Data-Request/BH/SUB 　　 0.05
EPS Purge-UE-Request/BH/SUB 　　 0.16
EPS Notify-Request/BH/SUB 　　 0.16
vHSS9860 Performance
Specifications
Item Performance Specifications
Stand-alone solution: 0.1 billion static subscribers and
Maximum number of subscribers in 60 million dynamic subscribers
a GU-HLR Cloud solution: 0.2 billion static subscribers and 0.1
billion dynamic subscribers
Maximum number of subscribers in 70 million static subscribers and 50 million dynamic
a LTE/Convergent HSS subscribers
Maximum number of subscribers in Pure GU-HLR: 15 million static subscribers
a GU-HLR without the disk array Restricted by the disk IO capability
Pure GU-HLR: 12 million dynamic subscribers
Maximum number of subscribers in
Restricted by the uplink bandwidth of data plane for
the LDAP
transmitting inter-MSC signaling
Reliability >=99.9999%
Delay of location updates in the CS
<1000ms
domain
Delay of location updates in the
<10ms
LTE network
Summary
l  This course describes the structure, functions, and
performance specifications of vHSS9860. This helps you to
obtain a general understanding of Huawei HSS.
Thank you
www.huawei.com

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vHSS9860 System

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

p Grasp the location of the vHSS9860 in the G/U network and

p Grasp the basic performance specifications of the vHSS9860

3. System structure

4. Functions and features

5. Technical Specifications

p Simplifies network structure and

3. System structure

4. Functions and features

5. Technical Specifications

MAP MAP MAP MAP

TCAP TCAP TCAP TCAP

MTP-1 MTP-1 MAC MAC

Based on TDM Based on IP

3. System structure

4. Functions and features

5. Technical Specifications

3.2 Sub-system introduction

3.3 Signaling Procedure

3.2 Sub-system introduction

3.3 Signaling Procedure

DPU: Dispatching Unit DTL: Data Tool PGW: Provisioning Gateway

l DPU: dispatching unit DSG: Data Service Gateway BE: Back

l NDF: Network data function

l PT: Proton (PT), a relational

3.2 Sub-system introduction

3.3 Signaling Procedure

FE1 BE1 FE1 BE1

3. System structure

4. Functions and features

5. Technical Specifications

4.2 Service functions on SAE network

p Encryption and Authentication Services of HLR

p Supplementary Services of HLR

p Protocol-Specific Enhanced Services of HLR

p Other Protocol-Specific Services of HLR

p Feature Services of HLR

p Network Maintenance Services of HLR

4.2 Service functions on SAE network

p The network architecture is flat, and the signaling and user

p Subscribers can roam or move between different access

l Static regional roaming restriction service

p The always-on IP connectivity for UE/users of the EPS is

p The MM context and EPS bearer context will be created in the

eNodeB New MME Old MME HSS S-GW P-GW

eNodeB New MME Old MME HSS S-GW P-GW

eNodeB New MME Old MME HSS New S-GW

eNodeB New MME Old MME HSS New S-GW

13. Update location Ack

16. TAU accept 14. Delete bearer request

17. TAU complete 15. Delete bearer response

3. System structure

4. Functions and features

5. Technical Specifications

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p  Grasp the location of the vHSS9860 in the G/U network and

p  Grasp the basic performance specifications of the vHSS9860

3.  System structure

4.  Functions and features

5.  Technical Specifications

p  Simplifies network structure and

3.  System structure

4.  Functions and features

5.  Technical Specifications

3.  System structure

4.  Functions and features

5.  Technical Specifications

l  DPU: dispatching unit DSG: Data Service Gateway BE: Back

l  NDF: Network data function

l  PT: Proton (PT), a relational

3.  System structure

4.  Functions and features

5.  Technical Specifications

p  Encryption and Authentication Services of HLR

p  Supplementary Services of HLR

p  Protocol-Specific Enhanced Services of HLR

p  Other Protocol-Specific Services of HLR

p  Feature Services of HLR

p  Network Maintenance Services of HLR

p  The network architecture is flat, and the signaling and user

p  Subscribers can roam or move between different access

l  Static regional roaming restriction service

p  The always-on IP connectivity for UE/users of the EPS is

p  The MM context and EPS bearer context will be created in the

3.  System structure

4.  Functions and features

5.  Technical Specifications