FI Nanci Alstatementanalysi S Chapter:Equi Tyanalysi S

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FI

NANCI
ALSTATEMENTANALYSI
S

CHAPTER:EQUI
TYANALYSI
S

1.I
fthecur
rentmar
ketpr
iceoft
hest
ockofHor
izonLt
d.i
sRs.
800andt
hecompany
’s
ear
ningspershar
ear
eRs.
80.
 cal
cul
ateP/
Erat
io.

Sol
uti
on

Pr
ice-
to-
ear
ningsRat
ioofHor
izonLt
d.wi
l
lbecal
cul
atedasf
oll
ows:

P/
E=800/
80=10

Fr
om t
heabov
ecal
cul
ati
on,
iti
sest
imat
edt
hatt
heP/
Erat
iooft
hehor
izonLt
d.i
sten
t
imes,whi
chmeanst
hati
nvest
orsar
ewi
l
li
ng t
o payRs.
10 f
orev
eryr
upeeof
ear
nings.

2.Whatdoest
hePEr
ati
oindi
cat
e?

Hi
ghP/
E

Youmayconsi
derpi
cki
ngst
ocksofcompani
eswi
thhi
ghpr
ice-
to-
ear
ningsr
ati
os.I
t
meanst
hati
nvest
orshav
ehi
gherexpect
ati
onsf
orf
utur
eear
ningsgr
owt
handar
e
wi
l
li
ngt
opaymor
efort
hem asi
tindi
cat
esaposi
ti
vef
utur
eper
for
mance.Howev
er,
t
hedi
sadv
ant
ageofhi
ghP/
Eist
hatgr
owt
hst
ocksar
eof
tenunpr
edi
ctabl
e,andt
his
put
sal
otofpr
essur
eoncompani
est
odomor
etoj
ust
if
ythei
rhi
gherv
aluat
ion.
Ther
efor
e,i
nvest
ingi
ngr
owt
hst
ockswi
l
lmor
eli
kel
ybear
iskyi
nvest
ment

 

LowP/
E

St
ocksofcompani
eshav
ingal
owpr
ice-
to-
ear
ningsr
ati
oar
eof
tenconsi
der
edt
obe
under
val
ued.Acompanywi
thal
owP/
Erat
ioi
susual
l
yani
ndi
cat
ionofweakcur
rent
aswel
lasf
utur
eper
for
mance.Thi
scoul
dpr
ovet
obeapoori
nvest
ment
.Howev
er,
y
oumustbuyt
heshar
esoft
hecompanyonl
yift
hef
undament
alsar
est
rong.You
mustbuyst
ocksofunder
val
uedcompani
eswi
thst
rongf
undament
alsi
fyouseekt
o
makepr
ofi
tsov
ersomet
ime.
 

Just
if
iedP/
E
Thej
ust
if
iedP/
Erat
ioi
scal
cul
atedi
ndependent
lyoft
hest
andar
dP/
E.I
not
her
wor
ds,t
het
wor
ati
osshoul
dpr
oducet
wodi
ff
erentr
esul
ts.I
ftheP/
Eisl
owert
han
t
he j
ust
if
ied P/
Erat
io,t
hen i
tmeans t
hatt
he company i
s under
val
ued and
pur
chasi
ngt
hatst
ockmayr
esul
tinpr
ofi
tsov
ersomet
ime.

Negat
iveP/
E

Youmayf
indacompanyt
hati
slosi
ngmoneyorwi
thnegat
iveear
ningshav
inga
negat
iveP/
Erat
io.Fori
nst
ance,est
abl
i
shedcompani
esmayexper
ienceper
iodsof
negat
ivecashf
lowduet
ofact
orsbey
ondt
hei
rcont
rol

Howev
er,
youmustnoti
nvest
i
ncompani
eswi
thconsi
stentnegat
iveP/
Erat
iosast
heymaygobankr
upt
.Youhav
e
compani
esnotr
epor
ti
ngEPSf
orsomequar
ter
s.I
nthi
sway
,theymayav
oidshowi
ng
anegat
iveP/
E. 

3.Howt
oCompar
eCompani
esWi
thP/
ERat
ios

Notonl
ycany
ouuset
heP/
Erat
iot
ohel
pyouknowwhi
chsect
orsar
eov
erpr
icedor
under
pri
ced,
youcanal
socompar
ethepr
icesofcompani
esi
nthesamesect
ors.For
i
nst
ance,i
ftwocompani
es,ABCandXYZ,ar
ebot
hsel
l
ingf
or$50pershar
e,one
mi
ghtbef
armor
eexpensi
vet
hant
heot
her
.Thi
sdependsont
hepr
ofi
tsand 
growt
h
r
ates 
ofeachst
ock.

SupposeABCr
epor
tedear
ningsof$10pershar
e,andXYZr
epor
tedear
ningsof$20
pershar
e.ABChasaP/
Erat
ioof5,
whi
l
eXYZhasaP/
Erat
ioof2.
5.

XYZi
sabet
terpur
chaseatt
hatt
ime,becauseoft
hel
owershar
epr
iceal
ongwi
th
si
mil
arear
nings.Foreachshar
epur
chased,
you'
reget
ti
ng$20ofear
ningsf
rom XYZ
r
athert
han$10i
near
ningsf
rom ABC.

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