Empirical Analysis of Leftover Vegetable Extract as an Alternative

Watercolor

A Research Paper

Presented to the Faculty of Senior High Department

University of Cebu – Banilad

Cebu City, Philippines

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for

SH - 3Is and SH – Work Immersion

By:

Leah Joyce G. Bancale

Joy Kemuel C. Estrera
Joshua Daniel C. Lawsin
Joshua Emel V. Torreon
Earl James L. Yuson

5 April 2018
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RESEARCH ABSTRACT

EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF LEFTOVER VEGETABLE EXTRACT

AS AN ALTERNATIVE WATERCOLOR

LEAH JOYCE G. BANCALE

JOY KIMUEL C. ESTRERA
JOSHUA DANIEL C. LAWSIN
JOSHUA EMEL V. TORREON
EARL JAMES L. YUSON

(Researchers)
University of Cebu – Banilad Campus

DIANNE MARITHER G. TABANAO, LPT

Adviser, University of Cebu

Keywords: Empirical Analysis of Leftover Vegetable Extract as an

Alternative Watercolor; Experimental Method

The study determined the viability of seashells, wood ash and candle
wax as roof sealant. Since sealant costs too much for ordinary consumers,
the researchers aimed to produce an alternative sealant, which is affordable,
available in the environment and can be homemade.

The study aimed to determine the drying and soaking time, melting and
solidifying temperature of the sealants, and also if there is a significant
difference in the volume of water collected from every sealant given with
the different ratio.
Therefore, based on the above results, the ratio (1:1:2) of sea shell, wood
ash, and candle wax was viable to be used as an alternative roof sealant for
rainy season.

Department : Senior High School

Program :Science,Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
Research Started : January 5, 2021
Research Completed : Date of your Oral Defense
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UNIVERSITY OF CEBU
PROGRAM RESEARCH OFFICE

APPROVAL SHEET

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT of the requirements for SH-3Is and

SH OJT/STEM, this research paper entitled, “Empirical Analysis of
Leftover Vegetable Extract as an Alternative Watercolor”, submitted by
the following researchers: Leah Joyce G. Bancale, Joy Kemuel C.
Estrera, Joshua Daniel C. Lawsin, Joshua Emel V. Torreon, and Earl
James L. Yuson has been e duly examined and approved for ORAL
DEFENSE EXAMINATION.

DIANNE MARITHER G. TABANAO

Adviser

ACCEPTED AS Partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the SH – Is and

OJT/STEM

AIRIS KIM M. CODIÑERA, MST-ELL MALEEN GRAFILO – ORDIZ, LPT, MAT

Program Research Coordinator Principal, Senior High School

Approved by tribunal at the ORAL DEFENSE EXAMINATION with the

grade of _____________________.

JUNREL A. CAPUNO, LPT, M.Ed.

Chairman

DIANNE MARITHER G. TABANAO, LPT ERLRINO JOSE C. VILLARBA, RN

Member/Censor Member/Censor

SARAH JANE GINOO, LPT

Statistician

Date of Oral Defense: __________________

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to express their sincerest gratitude to the

following people:

Research Adviser (State the name), for..........

Panelists (State the names),

Principal,

Respondents,

Some people who gave inspiration and significant contributions of

the success of the paper,

Family,

God

Closing paragraph
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DEDICATION

For the academe of the Republic of the Philippines,

For my grandfather,..... and auntie......,

For my family,

For our Creator

(You can use any font style here, make this page look mesmerizing and

inviting, but very breaf.. same thing as you can see on novels and books)

Researchers
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARIES

PAGE

Title Page ..................................................................................... i

Research Abstract ........................................................................ ii
Approval Sheet ............................................................................ iii
Acknowledgement ……………………………………………... iv
Dedication .................................................................................... v
List of Tables ............................................................................... ix
List of Graphs .............................................................................. x
List of Figures .............................................................................. xi

CHAPTER

1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Rationale....................................................................................... 2

The Problem ................................................................................. 10

Statement of the Problem …………............................................ 12

Statement of the Null Hypotheses ……………........................... 16

Significance of the Study …………............................................. 18

Scope and Delimitations of the Study ………………................. 20

Definition of Terms ..................................................................... 21

2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Related Literature ....................................................................... 22

Related Studies ............................................................................ 27

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Conceptual Framework ............................................................... 34

3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design .......................................................................... 28

Research Locale .......................................................................... 28

Research Subjects ....................................................................... 29

Research Materials and Equipment ………................................. 31

Research Procedure …................................................................. 35

Statistical Treatments ….............................................................. 40

4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSES AND INTERPRETATION

OF DATA

Difference of the RGB Values Obtained by the

Squash Vegetable in Different Ratios
Composed of Vegetable Extract and
Starch...............................................................................
45

Difference of the RGB Values Obtained by the

Beetroot Vegetable in Different Ratios
Composed of Vegetable Extract and
Starch .............................................................................
56

Difference of the RGB Values Obtained by the

Carrot Vegetable in Different Ratios
Composed of Vegetable Extract and
Starch ..............................................................................
56

Difference of the RGB Values Obtained by the

Spinach Vegetable in Different Ratios
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Composed of Vegetable Extract and

Starch ...............................................................................
56

Difference of the RGB Values Obtained by the

Vegetable Extracts and Commercial
Counterpart ....................................................................... 56

Difference of the Vegetables Extract’s Dry Time

in Different Ratios ………………………………………. 67

Difference of the Vegetables Extract’s Dry Time

and Commercial Counterpart …………………………… 67

Difference among Alternative Watercolor’s

Comparable Percentage at Different
Ratio to Commercialized Counterpart …………………. 56

Relationship between Drying Time and the Comparable

Percentage of the Alternative Watercolor and
Commercialized Counterpart
……………………………. 56

5 SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary............................................................................. 45

Findings.............................................................................. 100

Conclusions........................................................................ 123

Recommendations.............................................................. 145

REFERENCES...................................................................................... 160

APPENDIX ........................................................................................... 124

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A Tabulation of Raw Data.................................................... 134

B Documentation ................................................................. 167

C Profile of the Product ...................................................... 175

D Figure of the Product ...................................................... 178

CURRICULUM VITAE.................................................................... 178

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE PAGE

1 Difference of the R – Value among Squash Vegetable

Extracts at Different Ratio ................................................. 21

2 Variance Analysis of the Difference of R – Value

among Squash Vegetable Extracts at Different Ratio........ 25

(7 spaces) (1 tab)
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LIST OF GRAPHS

GRAPH PAGE

1 Graph of R – Values of the Different Ratios of

Squash Extract to Starch Mixture ...................................... 67

2 Graph of G – Values of the Different Ratios of

Squash Extract to Starch Mixture ...................................... 56
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LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE PAGE

1 Schematic Diagram of Conceptual Framework

of the Study ............................................................. 67

2 Location Map of Mandaue City............................... 67