MKM KNIT CREATION

CHAPTER NO 1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 ABOUT THE STUDY

Internship is a job oriented process which aim to develop special skills related to the
job. Through internship process effort is made to increase practical skill with the theoretical
knowledge which student got in formal educational institute. The objective of such programme is
to strike a balance between theoretical and practical knowledge. Educational institute impart
theoretical knowledge to their students but for practical knowledge they are sent to business
organization. An internship is an agreement between intern and the organization for a fixed
period of time, where interns agree to work for them and they agree to mentor and teach them
many companies go on to hire their successful intern’s for full time employment. An internship
is a pre-professional work experience that provides students, recent graduates, and career
changers with a chance to find out more about a certain career. For students, internships provide
a way to gain work experience, supplement academic classes and, in some cases, and may be
earn college credit points. Internships could be paid or unpaid. Even when it’s paid,
remuneration is modest.

Internships usually go on for six to twelve weeks and are the time that coincides with
the holidays to gain the relevant knowledge and skills required in the field as well as add weight
to the resume. Internships offer various occasion to interns during internship programs to expand
familiarity in their choose area of work , to find out what they have an importance in an exacting
in specific line of business, develop professional network links, build interpersonal skill or get
some credit points if it’s a “sandwich course” they are in.

Interns during their short stint would likely get to know a lot of pros and this knowledge
would help them find new opportunities and make new connections. That is they could use these
contacts for future references or for work related advice. The Internship Programme aims to
provide our students the opportunity to consolidate their theoretical foundation through practical
experience. A major component of this experience is the formation of a professional attitude. The
students are expected to develop their personality and capacity to adapt to, and handle,
challenging situations in the real business world. Through the internship program, the students
should be able to acquire transferable skills such as communications skills, interpersonal skills,
technical skills, teamwork skills, management skills and problem-solving skills.
Last but not least, the students can explore their interest in future career development.
Internship is a process of training by which intern cans develop his future job performance. It is
essential to acquire proficiency in the job. Training which interns got during his internship
improves knowledge and skills which helps their performance turns excellent. Student who gone
for internship have better market value in business world. Better market value means that other
organizations are always willing to appoint that student who has gone for internship at high
remuneration. Internship programmed provide first hand learning experience to intern. It seeks to
bring relatively permanent change in an intern that will improve his ability to perform on the job.
In many internship programmed student get stipend which instill their interest in the
work. Internship programmed is a service functions for the business organization which provide
management with professionals support in meeting the organizational objectives. Through
internship the knowledge and skills of interns for doing particular job is increasing. The main
objective of internship programmed is to achieve a change in the behavior of trained. Internship
is practical education. Through internship programmed intern acquire more knowledge of the job
and learn or sharpen the needed skills, attitudes and values associated with efficient performance
off their job. Internship helps to modified Knowledge and skills i.e. what student know, how they
will work. Thus Internship programmed is an act of imparting or improving or updating
knowledge and skills of a student which they learn in the form or theory.
Through Internship process intern acquire more knowledge of the job and to learn or sharpen the
needed skills, attitudes and values associated with efficient performance of their jobs. Internship
is a process that is as much beneficial to the employees as to the organization. On the other hand,
the organization can realize its dreams of more production at low cost and on other hand
increased efficiency of employees enable them to produce more qualitatively better goods in less
time Internship is virtually a practical training of the theoretical knowledge. During internship
period no salary is given to intern normally stipend is given to the interns. Sometimes internship
is a part of course of study of the student. An intern is placed in a new job and is told how it is to
be performed. Coaching and instruction are given by experienced workers.
CHAPTER NO 2

ABOUT THE INDUSTRY

2.1 INDUSTRY PROFILE
The Indian garments industry is one of the largest and oldest sectors in the country and
among the most important in the economy in terms of output, investment and employment. It has
a significant role in India as it fulfills the essential and basic need of people. Garments Industry
in India stands at unique place and has maintained a sustainable growth over the years. This is a
self-reliant and independent industry and has great diversification and versatility.
A strong raw material production base, a vast pool of skilled and unskilled personnel,
cheap labour, good export potential and low import content are some of the salient features of the
Indian garments industry. This is a traditional, robust, well-established industry, enjoying
considerable demand in the domestic as well as global markets. Currently India has the second
highest spindleage in the world after China. The Garments sector is the second largest provider
of employment after agriculture.
The garments industry can be broadly classified into two categories, the organized mill
sector and the unorganized or decentralized sector. The organized sector of the garments industry
represents the mills. It could be a spinning mill or a composite mill. Composite mill is one where
the spinning, weaving and processing facilities are carried out under one roof. This decentralized
sector is comprised of the three major segments viz., powerloom, handloom and hosiery. In
addition to the above, there are readymade garments, khadi as well as carpet manufacturing units
in the decentralized sector.
Organization is the structural framework of duties and responsibilities required of
personnel in performing various functions with a view to achieve business goals. An
organization is a social group which distributes tasks for a collective goal. It is a planned,
coordinated and purposeful action of human beings to achieve certain specific goals through
division of labor and hierarchy of authority.
According to Louis A. Allen, "Organization is the process of identifying and grouping the
work to be performed, defining and delegating responsibility and authority, and establishing
relationship for the purpose of enabling people to work most effectively together in
accomplishing objectives."
 An organizational study is the systematic study about how people - as individuals and as
groups - act within organizations. It involves the study of the structure and functions of different
departments. Almost all the organizations are different but they have certain common features.
All are collection of people, linked together by formal and informal relationships. They have
hierarchical orders that are engaged in co-operative activities and they all have identical
boundaries. So the study of people in organization is important for future managers. Structure of
an organization is very important for its functioning and growth. It provides the basic frame work
for its progress and expansion. The scope of the study is restricted to a subsidiary of SRG power
control.
Indian economy is largely dependent on the textile manufacturing and trade in addition to
other major industries about 27 per cent of the exchange earning are on account of export of
textiles and clothing alone. In India organized textile mill sector has increased from 1787 in
2003-04 to 1789 in 2004-05. During the year 2003-04 the production of yarn was 3051.07
million kg and it had increased to 3220.59 million kg in 2004-05. The number of workers
worked in textiles mills during the year 2003-04 was 9,28,000 and it have decreased during the
year 2004-05 was 9,18,000. India has the second-largest yarn-spinning capacity in the world
(after China), accounting for roughly 20 percent of the world’s spindle capacity. India’s spinning
segment is fairly modernized; approximately 35 to 40 percent of India’s spindles are less than 10
years old. During 1989-98, India was the leading buyer of spinning machinery, accounting
for 28 per cent of world shipments. India’s production of spun yarn is accounted for almost
entirely by the ―organized mill sector,‖ which includes 285 large.
Man-made fibers, wool and silk segment grew by modest 4.5 per cent per annum during
the 5-year period 2000-01 to 2005-06.During the first year of quota-free global trade, production
increased leaps and bounds. Textiles production increased 10 per cent over 2004. The growth
was fuelled by a 22 per cent rise in production of other textiles (including apparels). Cotton
textile also posted an increase of nine percent.
Evaluation of the Textile Mill Industry
Whilst farmers were developing new and better methods of agriculture, life in other areas
of work had changed little for hundreds of years. Early in the 18 th century most of the population
lived in small rural settlements and only a few people lived in town. Many people worked as
producers of woolen and cotton cloth. They cleaned, combed, spun, dyed and wove the raw
materials into cloth and this work was done in their own houses. This type of production has
become known by the general term of domestic (cottage) industry. Work within the cottage
industry was usually divided up between the members of one family.
The women and girls were responsible for cleaning the sheep fleeces, carding the wool
and spinning it. The process of weaving was physically hard work and traditionally it was the
men who were responsible for it. Generally at regular intervals a cloth merchant visited each
handloom weaver’s cottage. He would bring the raw materials and take away the finished cloth
to sell at the cloth hall. As soon as the new wool arrived, it was washed to clean out all the dirt
and natural oil. After this it was dyed with colour and carded. This was the process of combing
the wool between two parallel pads of nails, until all the fibres lay the same way. Next the carded
wool was taken by the spinner and using a spinning wheel the thread was wound onto a bobbin.
The spun yarn was taken to the loom to be woven. In the weavers cottage the loom was often to
be found on an upper floor. There are large windows in the room to let in plenty of daylight.
Working of the loom was quite strenuous work, which is why it was traditionally the work of the
men of the household. However, with the advent of the industrial revolution all the processes of
yarn and the subsequent production of cloth underwent a dramatic change. The industrial
revolution brought about the wide spread replaSpinning products of manual labour by machines.
Goods that were traditionally been made in the homes or in the small workshops began to be
manufactured in factories. Productivity and technical efficiency, improved in part through the
systematic and practical knowledge of the manufacturing process.
THE TEXTILE MILL INDUSTRY
Cotton/man-made fibre textile industry is the single largest organized industry in the
country employing nearly 10 Lakh workers. Besides this, there are large numbers of ancillary
industries dependant on this sector such as those manufacturing various machinery, accessories,
stores ancillary and chemicals. Even on a modest assumption that a workers family comprises of
five persons, the direct dependents on the organized mill industry itself works out to about 50
Lakhs. Out of the 1837 cotton/man-made fibre textile mills, 192 mills are in the public sector,
154 mills in the co-operative sector and 1491 mills are in the private sector.
Evaluation of the Textile Mill Industry
Whilst farmers were developing new and better methods of agriculture, life in other areas
of work had changed little for hundreds of years. Early in the 18 th century most of the population
lived in small rural settlements and only a few people lived in town. Many people worked as
producers of woolen and cotton cloth. They cleaned, combed, spun, dyed and wove the raw
materials into cloth and this work was done in their own houses.
This type of production has become known by the general term of domestic (cottage)
industry. Work within the cottage industry was usually divided up between the members of one
family. The women and girls were responsible for cleaning the sheep fleeces, carding the wool
and spinning it. The process of weaving was physically hard work and traditionally it was the
men who were responsible for it. Generally at regular intervals a cloth merchant visited each
handloom weaver’s cottage. He would bring the raw materials and take away the finished cloth
to sell at the cloth hall. As soon as the new wool arrived, it was washed to clean out all the dirt
and natural oil. After this it was dyed with colour and carded. This was the process of combing
the wool between two parallel pads of nails, until all the fibres lay the same way. Next the carded
wool was taken by the spinner and using a spinning wheel the thread was wound onto a bobbin.
The spun yarn was taken to the loom to be woven. In the weavers cottage the loom was often to
be found on an upper floor. There are large windows in the room to let in plenty of daylight.
Working of the loom was quite strenuous work, which is why it was traditionally the work of the
men of the household.
However, with the advent of the industrial revolution all the processes of yarn and the
subsequent production of cloth underwent a dramatic change. The industrial revolution brought
about the wide spread replaSpinning products of manual labour by machines. Goods that were
traditionally been made in the homes or in the small workshops began to be manufactured in
factories. Productivity and technical efficiency, improved in part through the systematic and
practical knowledge of the manufacturing process. Spinning is the process of creating yarn (or
thread, rope, cable etc.) from various rows of fibre materials. Several fibres are twisted together
to bind them into strong, long yarn. Characteristics of the yarn vary based on the materials used,
fibre length and alignment, quantity of fibre used and degree of twist. The earliest spinning
probably involved simply twisting the fibres with the hand. Later the use of stick to help twist the
fibre was invented.
ROLE OF INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN THE ECONOMY
Textile industry plays a significant role in the economy. The Indian textile industry is one
of the largest and most important sectors in the economy in terms of output, foreign exchange
earnings and employment in India. It contributes 20 per cent of industrial production, 9 per cent
of excise collections, 18 per cent of employment in industrial sector, nearly 20 per cent to the
country’s total export earnings and 4 per cent ton the GDP.
The sector employs nearly 35 million people and is the second highest employer in the
country. The textile sector also has a direct link with the rural economy and performance of
major fiber crops and crafts such as cotton, wool, silk, handicrafts and handlooms, which employ
millions of farmers and crafts persons in rural and semi-urban areas. It has been estimated that
one out of every six households in the country depends directly or indirectly on this sector. India
has several advantages in the textile sector, including abundant availability of raw material and
labor. It is the second largest player in the world cotton trade. It has the largest cotton acreage, of
about nine million hectares and is the third largest producer of cotton fiber in the world.
Growth of Textile Industry
India has already completed more than 50 years of its independence. The analysis of the
growth pattern of different segment of the industry during the last five decades of post
independence era reveals that the growth of the industry during the first two decades after the
independence had been gradual, though lower and growth had been considerably slower during
the third decade. The growth thereafter picked up significantly during the fourth decade in each
and every segment of the industry. The peak level of its growth has however been reached during
the fifth decade i.e., the last ten years and more particularly in the 90s. The Textile Policy of
1985 and Economic Policy of 1991 focusing in the direction of liberalization of economy and
trade had in fact accelerated the growth in 1990s. The spinning spearheaded the growth during
this period and man-made fiber industry in the organized sector and decentralized weaving
sector.