Understanding Culture

Society and Politics

Quarter 2 – Module 2:
Functions and Importance
of Education

CO_Q2_UCSP SHS
Module 2
Understanding Culture Society and Politics
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 2: Functions and Importance of Education
First Edition, 2021

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Understanding Culture
Society and Politics
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
Functions and Importance
of Education
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you
will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And
read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the nature of understanding culture society and politics. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow
the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is about the functions and importance of education in the society. (MELC
8)

Examine the functions and importance of education in the society (MELC 8)

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. define the meaning of education and its functions in the society;
2. explain the types of system of education in the Philippine context;
3. determine the similarities and differences of formal and nonformal education;
and
4. value the functions and significance of education in providing productive
citizens based on the existing provisions of law.

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 What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Circle the letter that corresponds your answer.

1. Alvin Toffler, an American writer, and futurist, popularly quoted for having
said “The illiterate of the twenty-first century will not be those who cannot
read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn and relearn”. What is his
point of view in saying those?
a. Illiteracy is being knowledgeable.
b. It is the concept of being a good learner.
c. It is the manner of pursuing your dreams.
d. The long journey that has taken place in the field of education.

2. Social institution is a group of people who have come together for a common
goal. Which a social institution taught basic academic knowledge, learning
skills, and cultural norms?
a. Education
b. Formal education
c. Informal education
d. Nonformal education

3. This type of education is usually based in the classroom and the learners are
provided by trained and professional teaching and nonteaching personnel.
What type of education is this?
a. Homeschooling
b. Formal education
c. Informal education
d. Nonformal education

4. Nonformal education focuses on skills. Which of the following is an example

of a nonformal education?
a. Martheena attends her class every day at school.
b. Grace passed the National Certificate on driving.
c. Maggie stays at home and her lesson is conducted by an online
teacher.
d. Allan attends night classes at the nearby university because he is
working during daytime.

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5. Livie is already 45 years old, but she just completed grade nine level of basic
education. She wanted to go back to school to learn dressmaking. Which type
of education is suited for her?
a. Homeschooling
b. Formal education
c. Informal education
d. Nonformal education

6. Which of the following bests define education?

a. It is a social institution that improve social status
b. It is a social institution that helps people think, feel, and behave in a
way that contributes to their success.
c. It is a social institution through which a society’s children are taught
basic academic knowledge, learning skills, and cultural norms.
d. All the above

7. There are two types of education in the Philippines. Which of these bests
describes a nonformal education?
a. An educational activity about work skills.
b. An educational program for out of school children.
c. An educational movement for social development.
d. All of the above

8. Formal and nonformal education has differences. Which of the following

statements determine the difference between the two?
a. The formal education allows the transmission of culture while the
nonformal education does not.
b. The formal education is a classroom based while nonformal education
is a community based.
c. The nonformal education is progressive while the formal education is
regressive.
d. The nonformal education is hierarchically structure while the formal
education does not require any structure.

9. Which among the following statement is a function of education?

a. Education is for all
b. Education is reinforced by state or religion.
c. Provides new experiences, offers alternatives.
d. Education transmits culture and provides socialization.

10. One way to appreciate education is to look at its goals. Which of the following
are the two most important goals of education for an individual and for the
society?
a. Communication and patriotism
b. Social and cultural innovations
c. Self-actualization and productive citizenry
d. Upgrading social standing and becoming famous

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11. Education has immense and complex social institution which prepares
citizens for various needs of society, what does this statement imply?
a. Education is the primary institution in the society.
b. The main goal of the society is to educate the citizen.
c. Education is a primary need for economic development.
d. Education performs several functions for people and the community
they belong.

12. Education has a formal and nonformal form. Which of the following does not
belong to a formal education?
a. Computer Literacy Program
b. Primary Education
c. Secondary Education
d. Tertiary Education

13. Which of the following is an example of a compulsory formal education?

a. Welding
b. College Education
c. Elementary Education
d. Alternative Learning System

14. Which of the following does not describe the importance of the right to
education?
a. It stimulates independence.
b. It provides productive citizens.
c. It divests work related opportunities.
d. It produces important development benefits.

15. To which function of education does this statement implies: “Education

prepares us for the later station of our lives, and, to buy the necessities of life.”
a. Socialization
b. Social Integration
c. Social Needs
d. Social Placement

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 Lesson
Functions and Importance
2 of Education

What’s In

Education may have a different connotation depending on how individuals look at it.
For example, a teacher and a student may have a different view on education. In the
flower chart below, write your own ideas or concepts about education.

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 What’s New

What’s the Difference?

Write down the distinction between the formal and nonformal education.

Process Question:

1. How are the formal and the nonformal education differ? How are they
similar?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

2. Which type of education are you in, the formal or the nonformal? Why?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

3. Give example/s of formal and nonformal education.

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

4. Why do you think they are important in the society?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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 What is It

In this part of your journey, we provide something for you to read to deepen your
understanding about the topic.

Please do it with comprehension to discover knowledge that will help you out in
dealing with the next phase of your quest.

The Meaning of Education, Types, Functions

and its Importance

The Meaning of Education

Education {ej-oo-key-shuhn], the act or process of imparting or acquiring

general knowledge, developing the powers of reasoning and judgment, and generally
of preparing oneself or others intellectually for mature life
(https://www.dictionary.com/browse/education). However, education, as a social
institution has a different meaning. Dr. William Little (2014) held that education is
a social institution through which a society’s children are taught basic academic
knowledge, learning skills, and cultural norms.

Furthermore, the word education is derived from the Latin word “educare”
which means “to train”, “to rear or bring-up (a child)”. Hence, it plays a significant
role in transferring culture and social norms among members of society, in the
process of training and various modalities of educating. It enables individual to
flourish their personality to withstand the culture and social systems. It will always
remain as an essential support pillar in our society.

Hence, Alvin Toffler, an American writer and futurist, is popularly quoted for
having said “The illiterate of the twenty-first century will not be those who cannot
read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn and relearn.” This marks the
highlights of the extensive journey that occurs in the field of education.

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The System of Education in the Philippines

There are two types of education in the Philippines: the formal and the
nonformal. Formal education refers to the standardized method of hierarchically
structured and progressive schooling that corresponds to the general notion of
elementary and secondary and tertiary level of education. Yet only the primary and
secondary level is compulsory to the students.

In the educational system of the Philippines, the elementary and secondary

level is administered and supervised by the Department of Education. Elementary
level is composed of kindergarten and six (6) years of primary education. Whereas
the secondary contains four (4) years of junior high school and two (2) years of senior
high school. Furthermore, the tertiary level is administered and supervised by the
Commission on Higher Education. The actual years spent in this level depends on
the curriculum of each course.

Nonetheless, the nonformal education refers to an educational activity carried

outside the structure of a formal education. According to UNESCO, non-formal
education can cover programs contributing to adult and youth literacy and education
for out-of-school children, as well as programs on life skills, work skills, and social
or cultural development. Thus, this type of education is basically flexible, learner-
centered, contextualized and requires learners to participate in every activity. Also,
the age of learners in this category is not a necessity. One example is the Alternative
Learning System or ALS overseen by the Department of Education. ALS Non-formal
Education happens outside the classroom, community-based, usually conducted at
community learning centers, barangay multi-purpose hall, libraries or at home,
managed by ALS learning facilitators, such as mobile teachers, district ALS
Coordinators, instructional managers at an agreed schedule and venue between the
learners and facilitators. (https://www.deped.gov.ph/k-to-12/inclusive-education/about-
alternative-learning-system/)

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The Functions of Education and its Importance

Whether formal or nonformal, education addresses various needs of this

society. Education also provides a “productive citizenry” and makes the “self-
actualization” possible. Productive citizens are necessary for the improvement of the
community. However, self-actualization refers to the desire for self-fulfillment or the
tendency of human to become actualized in what he is potentially. Again, education
takes a vital part to achieve the self-actualization.

Education has different functions. This consists of socialization, transmission

of culture, social integration social placement, and social and cultural innovation
and/or preservation.

a) Socialization. Socialization is an essential ingredient in creating a society.

Since school is an agent of socialization, thus, education helps transform human in
becoming literate and recognize its function in the society. Through education as a
means of socialization, we also learn social norms, values and culture that are
fortified by our teachers, our textbooks, and our classmates as well.

b) Transmission of Culture. Through socialization in school (teachers to

learners, and learner to learner), the transmission of culture is at the highest
possible. Through education, human learn the values, beliefs, and social norms of
their culture.

c) Social Integration. As the saying goes “nations are built because of

education”, this is because education portrays an important role to unify individuals
by teaching the common values and social norms.

d) Social Placement. It could be a cliché that “all other professions rooted

from teachers” though, it is indeed the reality. Education provides a social placement
for everyone. It prepares us for the later station of our lives, and, to buy the
necessities of life. Now, this makes sense to “productive citizenry” and “self-
actualization”

Nonetheless, it is not a secret that education can change one’s life. “Having
education in an area helps people think, feel, and behave in a way that contributes
to their success, and improves not only their personal satisfaction but also their
community” (cited from Al-Shuaibi, Abdulghani, The Importance of Education, 2014).

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Legal Provisions of Education: Education as a Human Right
It is stated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of the UN website:

Article 26:

(1) Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the
elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be
compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally
available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of
merit.

(2) Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality
and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms.
It shall promote understanding, tolerance, and friendship among all nations,
racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations
for the maintenance of peace.

(3) Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given
to their children.

In the 1987 Philippine Constitution, Article 14:

Section 1: The State shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality
education at all levels and shall take appropriate steps to make such education
accessible to all.

Section 2, Paragraph 2: The state shall establish and maintain a system of

free public education in the elementary and high school levels. Without limiting
the natural right of parents to rear their children, elementary education is
compulsory for all children of school age;

The right to education is fundamental. It is non-discriminatory. Everyone has

the right to education regardless of race, ethnicity, social origin, gender, political
preferences, or disability. It is also a vital human right in exercising all the other
human rights.

Furthermore, it stimulates independence and concession to produce

significant development benefits for the country. It is a powerful instrument for
economically and socially marginalized individuals away from poverty to become
productive citizen of the country. Since education is a human right, every individual
has an equal opportunity to participate in an education system.

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 What’s More

Activity 1: Concept Mapping

Through concept mapping, give the functions of education. Create your concept map
on the space provided.

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Activity 2: Word Journal

On your journal below, write a single word which express the importance of
education in the society. Then, use a paragraph to explain your word choice.

12 CO_Q2_UCSP SHS
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 What I Have Learned

Harvesting

Try to reflect on “what” you have learned, “so what” (why is it important and what
are the implications), and “now what” (how to apply it or do things differently). Write
your answers on the space provided.

_______________ _______________ _______________

WHAT

NOW WHAT
SO WHAT

_______________ _______________ _______________

_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________

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Venn Diagram

Study the Venn diagram below. Indicate the similarities and differences of formal and
nonformal education. Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.

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 What I Can Do

Direction: Write your pledge of commitment on how you can become a productive
citizen.

PLEDGE OF COMMITMENT

I, ________________________ (your name), commit myself to __________

___________________________________________________________, so that,
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
________________.

15 CO_Q2_UCSP SHS
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 Assessment

Read the following items carefully. Circle the letter that corresponds to the letter of
your answer.

1. Education is a social institution that has its own definition. Which of the
following bests define education?
a. It is a social institution that improve social status
b. It is a social institution that helps people think, feel, and behave in a
way that contributes to their success.
c. It is a social institution through which a society’s children are taught
basic academic knowledge, learning skills, and cultural norms.
d. All the above

2. The educational system in the Philippines has two forms: the formal and the
nonformal. Which of the following belongs to a nonformal education?
a. An educational activity about work skills.
b. An educational program for out of school children.
c. An educational movement for social development.
d. All of the above

3. Both formal and nonformal education has its own distinct characteristics.
Which of the following statements determine the distinctions of the two?
a. The formal education allows the transmission of culture while the
nonformal education does not.
b. The formal education is a classroom based while nonformal education
is a community based.
c. The nonformal education is progressive while the formal education is
regressive.
d. The nonformal education is hierarchically structure while the formal
education does not require any structure.

4. Education has several functions to people and society. Which of these

statements tells the function of education?
a. Education is for all
b. Education is reinforced by state or religion.
c. Provides new experiences, offers alternatives.
d. Education transmits culture and provides socialization.

16 CO_Q2_UCSP SHS
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5. Education will be more appreciated through its goals. Which of these are the
two most important goals of education?
a. Communication and patriotism
b. Social and cultural innovations
c. Self-actualization and productive citizenry
d. Upgrading social standing and becoming famous

6. The education has a huge and multifaceted social institution that prepares
citizens for innumerable needs of society. What does this statement infer?
a. Education is the primary institution in the society.
b. The main goal of the society is to educate the citizen.
c. Education is a primary need for economic development.
d. Education performs several functions for people and the community
they belong.

7. The following is a nonformal education except for?

a. Computer Literacy Program
b. Primary Education
c. Secondary Education
d. Tertiary Education

8. Which among the following belongs to a compulsory formal education?

a. Welding
b. College education
c. Elementary education
d. Alternative Learning System

9. Whether formal or nonformal education, both exerts significance in the

society. Hence, everyone is entitled to a free education of at least a primary
education. Which of the following does not show the significance of the right
to education?
a. It stimulates independence.
b. It provides productive citizens.
c. It divests work related opportunities.
d. It produces important development benefits.

10. “Education prepares us for the later station of our lives, and to buy the
necessities of life.” Which statement does it implies?
a. Socialization
b. Social Integration
c. Social Needs
d. Social Placement

17 CO_Q2_UCSP SHS
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11. “The illiterate of the twenty-first century will not be those who cannot read
and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn and relearn”. This statement
was from the American writer and futurist Alvin Toffler. What is does he wants
to high lights in saying this?
a. Illiteracy is being knowledgeable.
b. It is the concept of being a good learner.
c. It is the manner of pursuing your dreams.
d. The long journey that has taken place in the field of education.

12. Which is a social institution that taught basic academic knowledge, learning
skills, and cultural norms?
a. Education
b. Formal education
c. Informal education
d. Nonformal education

13. Which type of education is usually based in the classroom and the learners
are provided by trained and professional teaching and nonteaching
personnel?
a. Homeschooling
b. Formal education
c. Informal education
d. Nonformal education

14. The education that focuses more on skills, more of participatory approach
and is out of a formal structure is nonformal. Which shows scenario of a
nonformal education??
a. Martheena attends her class every day at school.
b. Grace passed the National Certificate on driving.
c. Maggie stays at home and her lesson is conducted by an online teacher.
d. Allan attends night classes at the nearby university because he is
working during daytime.

15. Livie is already 45 years old, but she just completed grade nine level of basic
education. She wanted to go back to school to learn dressmaking. Which
type of education is best for her?
a. Homeschooling
b. Formal education
c. Informal education
d. Nonformal education

18 CO_Q2_UCSP SHS
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 Additional Activities

Today’s Top Story

Study the headline written on the newspaper. Create a news story about it.

19 CO_Q2_UCSP SHS
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 Module 2
CO_Q2_UCSP SHS 20
Assessment What I Know
1. C 1. D
2. D 2. A
3. B 3. B
4. D 4. B
5. C 5. D
6. D 6. C
7. A 7. D
8. C 8. B
9. C 9. D
10. D 10. C
11. D 11. D
12. A 12. A
13. B 13. C
14. B 14. C
15. D 15. D
Answer Key
References

Al-Shuaibi, Abdulghani. (2014). The Importance of Education. Retrieved from

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260075970_The_Importance_of_
Education
Article 14, 1987 Philippine Constitution
Department of Education. Inclusive education. Retrieved from
https://www.deped.gov.ph/k-to-12/inclusive-education/about-alternative-
learning-system/
Education. Retrieved from https://www.dictionary.com/browse/education.
Little, W., & McGivern R. (2014). Introduction to Sociology -1st Canadian Edition.
Canada: BC Campus. Retrieved from
https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology/
Pianfetti E.S., Reese G.C. (2011). Transforming Education. In: Barak M., Hacker M.
(eds) Fostering Human Development Through Engineering and Technology
Education. International Technology Education Studies, vol 6. Sense
Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6091-549-9_15

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph