The Kidney Structure

Three main areas in kidney include the outer cortex, a medulla in the
middle, and the renal pelvis. The kidneys also include the capillaries,
the arteriole, the venule, the renal vein, renal artery, renal fascia and
cortex, and renal pyramid.

Kidney Diseases/Symptoms/Treatments
Cystinosis is a rare genetic, metabolic disease caused by mutations in

chromosome which results in an abnormal accumulation of the amino

acid cystine in various organs and tissues of the body such as the

kidneys.

Symptoms: Vomiting, Excessive urination, Sensitivity to light, Soft

bones, Kidney failure .

Treatment: Cysteamine Bitartrate; Cysteamine is a cystine-depleting

agent that can greatly lower cystine levels within cells.

Kidney stones are hard accumulation made of minerals and salts

that form inside your kidneys.

Symptoms: Pain in the back, belly, or side, pain or burning during

urination ,Blood in the urine, Fever and Chills.

Treatment: Drinking water, Pain relievers, and Medical therapy.

Chronic kidney disease is when your kidneys are damaged and

can't filter blood the way they should. It's commonly caused by high

blood pressure.

Symptoms: Vomiting, Sleep problems, Muscle cramps, and Loss of

appetite.

Treatments: Dialysis treatment to replicate some of the kidney's

functions.
Facts about kidneys:
• For children born with Renal Agenesis (i.e. one kidney), the lone

kidney grows till it has the combined weight of two.

• The average kidney is as big as a cellphone. Even though the

kidney only accounts for 0.5% of the body’s weight on average, it

receives more blood than all other organs except the liver.

• Kidneys are capable of generating Vitamin D in the body.

• An adult’s kidney weighs about 5 ounces (142 grams).

• A baby’s kidney is huge compared to its body weight.

• You excrete between one to two liters of urine every day.

 How to maintain healthy kidneys?

• Make healthy food choices

• Make physical activity part of your routine

• Maintain a healthy weight

• Get enough sleep

• Stop smoking

• Limit alcohol intake

• Explore stress-reducing activities

• Manage diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease

Where is the kidney located?
The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist.

They are located just below the rib cage, one on each side of your spine.

Function of the kidney:

Healthy kidneys filter about a half cup of blood every minute, removing

wastes and extra water to make urine. The urine flows from the kidneys

to the bladder through two thin tubes of muscle called ureters, one on

each side of your bladder. Your bladder stores urine.

You have two kidneys that filter your blood, removing wastes and extra

water to make urine.

kidneys' job is to filter your blood. They remove wastes, control the

body's fluid balance, and keep the right levels of electrolytes.