Assembly of extracorporeal circulation machine

The extracorporeal circulation machine is also called a cardiopulmonary bypass machine, it

assumes the functions of the heart by taking care of the pumping action and oxygenating the
blood.

SI ¿ Is the patient NO
suitable for
extracorporeal Reprogramar al paciente
circulation? para cirugía

Check that the

Check that the 4 modules turn on
extracorporeal circulation
machine works

Install the tubes and Blood pressure and cardioplegia

solutions
Adapt the machine to the
patient
Once the pressures have
been assembled, the
modules are set to zero to
ensure that they are
correctly assembled.
The oxygenator is placed in
the bracket at the bottom
of the pump
The necessary calculations are made with
the weight and height of the patient.
In the oxygenator, crystalloid solution and
heparin solution are placed in the
hemofilter of the pump.
It is purged several times so that no
microbubbles remain.
Some lines are placed in the heat exchanger
(it has water inlet and outlet) to cool or heat
the patient.
The tubes that are They are chosen according to the size of the
attached to the patient are patient
placed

They pass through the rollers of the pump.

The oxygenator is primed

with the albumin and
colloid solutions.

The calculations
corresponding to the Body surface area, Blood flow, Z-score, AOE,
weight and height of the Heparin, etc.
patient are made and
placed on a blackboard
visible to the surgical team.
The priming is plugged with
Bicarbonate and Calcium
medication.

A heparinized solution is
prepared so that the circuit
does not thrombose.

After putting the heparin in It delivers an arteriovenous line that drains the right
the oxygenator, the atrium.
volume is placed to prime
the circuit when the
surgeons deliver the tubes

Perfuse the arterial line with oxygen.

The arteriovenous line is
connected to the outlet of
the oxygenator

That's where the patient's venous drainage comes from

The venous line is placed at
to recirculate it.
the entrance of the
reservoir

The surgeons deliver the
aspirators, which are 3,
since the intracardiac
blood is going to be
aspirated, where it is
recovered and diverted to
the reservoir for re-
perfusion.
The blood is recovered instead of being discarded and it
is placed in the blood recovery unit where a heparinized
solution is applied to prevent it from coagulating and not
being able to use it.
The heparinized solution is prepared once the blood
recovery tubes have been connected, washing the system
before activating it.

The end
It is a substance used in cardiovascular surgery (extracorporeal surgery) to be able to stop the electrical and mechanical activity of the heart,
during the surgical procedure, causing the least possible ischemic damage to the heart.

Depending on their Depending on the route of According to their

temperature they can be: administration, they can be: composition they can
be:
COLD: Allows you to interrupt coronary flow • It is administered by: CRISTALOIDS: Solution that
contains water, electrolytes
for short periods of time. (T°:22-25°C) • • INDIRECT ANTEGRADE ROUTE:
and/or sugars in different
Aortic root
proportions and with
HOT: Obtains an aerobic metabolism that is a • • DIRECT ANTEGRADE APPROACH:
respect to plasma they can
great source of energy (cardiogenic shock, left Coronary ostium
be hypotonic, isotonic or
ventricular ejection fraction less than 25%, • • RETROGRADE VIA: They can be
hypertonic.
AMI and post-resuscitation) combined

HEMATIC: It is composed of
WARM: Avoids systemic effects of hot blood plus crystalloid
cardioplegia and slight hypothermia, which solution in a different or
does not prevent aerobic metabolism classic proportion called
(Protects the myocardium from ischemia due comprehensive myocardial
to intentional stops. (T°: 29-32°C) protection (Buckberg).
BIBLIOGRAFIA
→ http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-74932002000100008
→ https://www.aep.es/fotos/49c9adb18e44be0711a94e827042f63015256852221.pdf
→ https://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1409-41422002000200005
→ https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/archi/ac-2001/acs011ap.pdf
→ https://diarioenfermero.es/el-desconocido-trabajo-de-los-enfermeros-perfusionistas/

Integrants :
• Valentina García
• Laura Álvarez