Numerical control

Introduction to Numerical control

Numerical control (also computer numerical control, and commonly called CNC) is the
automated control of machining tools (such as drills, lathes, mills and 3D printers) by means
of a computer. A CNC machine processes a piece of material (metal, plastic, wood, ceramic,
or composite) to meet specifications by following coded programmed instructions and
without a manual operator directly controlling the machining operation.
A CNC machine is a motorized maneuverable tool and often a motorized maneuverable
platform, which are both controlled by a computer, according to specific input instructions.
Instructions are delivered to a CNC machine in the form of a sequential program of machine
control instructions such as G-code and M-code, and then executed. The program can be
written by a person or, far more often, generated by graphical computer-aided design (CAD)
or computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) software. In the case of 3D printers, the part to be
printed is "sliced" before the instructions (or the program) are generated. 3D printers also
use G-Code.
CNC is a vast improvement over non-computerized machining that must be manually
controlled (e.g. using devices such as hand wheels or levers) or mechanically controlled by
pre-fabricated pattern guides (see pantograph mill). In modern CNC systems, the design of a
mechanical part and its manufacturing program are highly automated.

Ministry of Industry and Technology (Turkey)

Quiz 1 Ministry of Industry and Technology (Turkey)

The Ministry of Industry and Technology (Turkish: Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanlığ ı) is a

government ministry office of the Republic of Turkey, responsible for industrial and
commercial affairs in Turkey. The ministry is headed by Mustafa Varank.

Illinois Appellate Court

NoteIllinois Appellate Court

The Illinois Appellate Court is the court of first appeal for civil and criminal cases rising in
the Illinois Circuit Courts. Three Illinois Appellate Court judges hear each case and the
concurrence of two is necessary to render a decision. The Illinois Appellate Court will
render its opinion in writing, in the form of a published opinion or an unpublished order.
As of 1935, decisions of the Illinois Appellate Court became binding authority upon lower
courts in Illinois.The Illinois Appellate Court has 52 judges serving five districts. The
majority of the judges (18 in the First District, and between seven and nine in each of the
Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Districts) are elected, with the remaining judges having
been appointed by the Supreme Court of Illinois.Civil cases appealed from the Illinois
Appellate Court are heard by the Supreme Court of Illinois upon the grant of a Petition for
Leave to Appeal under Illinois Supreme Court Rule 315, a Certificate of Importance under
Illinois Supreme Court Rule 316, or a Petition for Appeal as a Matter of Right under Illinois
Supreme Court Rule 317. The same rules apply to criminal cases.

== First District ==
The First District is based in Chicago and hears cases arising in Cook County. It is divided
into six divisions, each with four different judges. The First District clerk's office, and the
principal seat of the court are located in the Michael Bilandic Building, at 160 North LaSalle
Street, Chicago, IL 60601.

== Second District ==
The Second District is based in Elgin and hears cases arising in 13 counties in northern
Illinois (Boone, Carroll, DeKalb, DuPage, Jo Daviess, Kane, Kendall, Lake, Lee, McHenry, Ogle,
Stephenson, and Winnebago).

Pseudobersama

NotePseudobersama

Pseudobersama is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Meliaceae.

The only species is Pseudobersama mossambicensis.Its native range is Kenya to KwaZulu-
Natal. It is dioecious.

Pseudobersama

NotePseudobersama

Pseudobersama is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Meliaceae.

The only species is Pseudobersama mossambicensis.Its native range is Kenya to KwaZulu-
Natal. It is dioecious.