Learning Area SCIENCE 4

LEARNING Module No. 4.5

MODULE School Year and Quarter 4TH QUARTER 2020-21
Teacher ROSSELE D.MISSION
OBJECTIVES

iii. Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC)

Identify safety precautions during different weather conditions

Topic
Safety precautions during different weather conditions

Reference

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Common Types of Weather Elements

The weather has a lot of different factors. When someone asks how the weather is today, you need to think about
temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind, cloudiness, and atmospheric pressure. All these different parts work
together to create the weather you see when you walk out the door.

1. Temperature

It’s getting hot out there. When you talk about the heat of the air outside on a summer day, this is
the temperature. Measured with a thermometer in Fahrenheit, Celsius, or Kelvin, the temperature tells you how fast the air
molecules and atoms are moving. Fast-moving molecules and atoms mean the temperature is high, while slow-moving
molecules in the air create a low temperature.

2. Humidity

Is the air dry? The moisture or dryness of the air is humidity. It’s an important weather aspect. Without it, humans
wouldn’t be able to survive. However, the amount of water vapor, or humidity, in the air needs to have balance. Too little
or too much water vapor in the air causes health issues and can be dangerous.

3. Precipitation

Precipitation is just a big word to describe how water falls to the ground. It can be rain, snow, sleet, ice, hail, or drizzle.
The form these water or solid particles take depends on other weather factors. For example, if the temperature is cold,
below 32 degrees, precipitation comes to the surface in the form of snow. If the weather is nice and warm, water comes
down in the form of rain.

4. Wind

Air moves. All you must do is walk out your door to feel that. The movement of air is created by how the sun heats the
Earth, and then convection tells you how air moves in predictable patterns. Therefore, meteorologists have some idea of
how a storm will move or the type of weather you’ll have in a week.
5. Cloudiness

Watching the different shapes of clouds roll by is one of the fun things about summer. Ever wonder what they are?
Clouds are collections of water droplets in the air due to the cycle of water. Billions of water droplets are necessary to
make a cloud. The four main types of clouds include cumulus, stratus, cirrus, and cumulonimbus.

6. Atmospheric Pressure

Air has weight! All those molecules and atoms add to the weight and push down. The weight of the air pushing down on
the Earth’s surface is the atmospheric pressure.

Types of Severe Weather Conditions

The six common types of weather create all weather conditions. With the right humidity, wind, atmospheric pressure,
temperature, clouds, and precipitation, a rainstorm happens. However, the most impactful weather conditions are
severe weather. Learn about the different types of severe weather examples.

1. Thunderstorms

Produced by cumulonimbus clouds, thunderstorms include rain, hail, thunder, lightning, and gusty winds.
Thunderstorms can be mild or severe.

The best defense against thunderstorms is to stay inside a sturdy building or shelter that can protect you from deadly
lightning, large hail, damaging winds, flooding rain and tornadoes. Fortunately, thunderstorms typically do not last very
long and will most often pass by your location in less than one hour.

2. Tornados

When a warm air front collides with a cold air front, it creates a narrow rotating column of air from a thunderstorm.
Tornadoes come in different severities, measured on the Fujita scale, from the minor F0 to the major F6.

Flying debris is the number one killer when a tornado strikes. This is why the first safety precaution is to get inside a
sturdy building, away from windows. A storm shelter is always preferable, but if one is not available, a person should go
into an interior room on the lowest level of the building.

3. Hurricanes & Typhoons

Like tornadoes, hurricanes and typhoons are spiraling storms. These huge long-lasting storms form over water and can
have winds of greater than 200 mph and can be 600 miles wide. Whether it is a typhoon or hurricane depends on location.
Western northern Pacific storms are typhoons, while northern Atlantic ocean storms are hurricanes.

4. Winter Storm

In colder temperatures, when two air masses collide, a winter storm is created. These storms can include freezing
rain accumulations, large snow accumulations, and whiteouts.

If you must go outside, protect yourself from winter storm hazards: Wear layered clothing, mittens or gloves, and a hat.
Outer garments should be tightly woven and water repellent. Mittens or gloves and a hat will prevent the loss of body
heat.

5. Blizzards

A type of severe snowstorm, blizzards are long-lasting. In addition to high snow accumulations, strong winds create
whiteout conditions and dangerously low temperatures.

There is a danger at home and on the road. Being prepared is always the safest precaution. A Weather Radio or local
news station can provide information on any watches, warnings, or advisories within the area.
Everyone should stay indoors during a blizzard.
6. Droughts

Droughts happen all over the world and are devastating to the area. A drought is a prolonged period without rain or
precipitation, leading to famines and forest fires. This weather phenomenon lasts for months to years.

Precautions to be taken during droughts are: Never pour down used water in drain. Use it to water the plants. Replace
dripping faucets by replacing washers.

Weather Can Be Dangerous

They say a little rain never hurt anyone, but sadly that isn't true. Although most of the weather we experience in our
daily lives is not particularly dangerous, even light weather has its risks. Rain can cause a car to hydroplane and crash,
and spending too much time in the sun can cause sunburn. But the biggest risks come from the most extreme weather,
such as hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, and lightning.
In fact, hundreds of people die every year in the United States from extreme weather - and that doesn't include the
thousands who are injured. The best way to avoid being a statistic is to stay informed and be prepared.
And no, this isn't just for Boy and Girl Scouts.

General Precautions
The single most important thing you can do is simply check the weather forecast. Many injuries happen because people
are not aware of extreme weather until they're right in the middle of it. Watching TV, checking online, or listening to the
radio can help you stay informed.
Unfortunately, sometimes just being informed isn't enough. What things can you do to keep you and your family safe?
A lot depends on the exact type of weather, but there are also a few safety precautions that are always a good idea.
First, you should have a disaster plan ready for you and your family, no matter your location - school, work, and at
home. Another idea is to create a disaster supplies kit containing flashlights, a hand-cranked radio, water and dried
food, a first-aid kit, and various other useful items. You can also have the local evacuation route mapped out, with a
copy of the map in your kit.
Name: Grade 4 Science 4.5

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Read the statement below. Write the word True for every correct statement and False for the wrong statement.

1. Droughts happen all over the world and are devastating to the area.

2. Hurricanes and typhoons are spiraling storms

3. Air has weight.

4. Thunderstorms typically do not last very long and will most often pass by your location in less than
one hour.

5. Precipitation is how water falls to the ground.

6. Weather has less of different factors.

7. Flying birds are the number one killer when a tornado strikes

8. Tornadoes come in different severities, measured on the Fujita scale, from the minor F0 to the
major F6.

9. In colder temperatures, when two air masses collide, a winter storm is created.

10. Being prepared is always the safest precaution.

Identify the following group of words below. Write your answer on a space provided.

1. It has a lot of different factors

2. It tells you how fast the air molecules and atoms are moving.

3. It is the moisture or dryness of the air.

4. It can be rain, snow, sleet, ice, hail, or drizzle.

5. They have some idea of how a storm will move or the type of weather you’ll have in a week.

6. It is the number one killer when a tornado strikes.

7. They are spiraling storms.

8. A type of severe snowstorm.

9. Billions of water droplets are necessary to make a ?

10. Western northern Pacific storms are typhoons, while northern Atlantic ocean storms are?

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