1.Ano ang kalikasan ng tao (Human Nature)?

ANSWER:
- Human nature is a prominent theme in moral and political discourse, both among ordinary
people and among philosophers, political scientists, and sociologists. This is largely
because it is widely assumed that valid descriptive or explanatory assertions based on the
concept of human nature have, or would have, significant normative relevance. Some
believe that human nature precludes the development of some forms of social
organization, such as a widely equal society. Others argue that a valid normative ethical
theory must be founded on prior understanding of human nature.

2.Magbigay ng tatlong pilosoper na nagsabi hinggil dito at ano ang kanilang pananaw sa
kalikasan ng tao batay sa sariling pag unawa.
ANSWER:

a. Aristotle- Aristotle thought that persons should strive to fulfill their true natures, guiding
their efforts toward the greatest advantageous outcome. Philosophy, according to
Aristotle, fulfills this function by helping the rational mind to direct the irrational psyche's
aspirations toward fulfillment. This feat was referred to by Aristotle as eudaimonia, or
flourishing. Aristotle understood philosophy in this way as a type of bridge between the
logical and irrational minds, two psyches that humans have. The practice of the virtues,
according to Aristotle, was essential to humans achieving their actual nature.

b. Plato- Plato's idea of human nature is based on his notion that our human soul has a
three-part structure that includes reason, appetite, and desire (aka will). He claims that our
human nature is such that we can utilize reason to overcome appetite and desire in order
to make reasonable decisions, and that when the three sections of our soul are out of
sync, we experience mental conflict and irrationality. Plato also emphasized human
nature's social element. We are not self-sufficient; we require others, and we gain from our
social contacts, as well as the talents, aptitudes, and companionship of others.

c. Socrates- Human nature is the way a person thinks, feels, and acts. Socrates stated that
one's wealth or victories had no effect on one's nature. He argued that it all came down to
what we were actually looking for, whether it was the truth, happiness, or our souls. The
Sophists just cared about winning and teaching their students how to fight and win better.
Socrates was unique in that he was unconcerned about winning or whose argument was
superior. He was simply interested in the various points of view that were being
expressed.