Cheat Sheets –Averages

The result obtained by adding several quantities together and then dividing this total by the
number of quantities is called Average.

Average = Sum of quantities / Number of Quantities

An average is the mean value of a set of numbers or values. It is given by: -

Average = (x1+x2+x3+. ........ +xn)/n

Relationship Between Numbers and Averages
Numbers Average

Increased by ‘a’ Increased by ‘a’.

Decreased by ‘a’ Decreased by ‘a’.

Multiplied by ‘a’ Multiplied by ‘a’.

Divided by ‘a’ Divided by ‘a’.

Important Formula
Average of : Formulae
1. odd numbers from 1 to n, (Last odd number +1)/2
2. even numbers from 2 to n, (Last even number +2)/2
3. first ‘n’ natural numbers (n+1)/2
4. of first ‘n’ consecutive even numbers (n+1)
5. first ‘n’ consecutive odd numbers n
6. consecutive numbers (First Number + Last
Number)/2
7. 1 to ‘n’ odd numbers (Last Odd Number+1)/2
8. 1 to ‘n’ even numbers (Last Even Number+2)/2
9. square of natural numbers till n [(n+1) (2n+1)]/6
10. cubes of natural numbers till n [n(n+1)2]/4
11. of the squares of 1st n consecutive [2(n+1) (2n+1)]/3
evenno’s
12. of the squares of consecutive [(n+1) (n+2)]/3
even no’sfrom 1 to n
13. the squares of consecutive odd no’s [n (n+2)]/3
from1 to n =

1
© 2013 - 2021 Great Lakes E-Learning Services Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved
Cheat Sheets –Averages

SHORT-TRICKS
1. Combined Average of the two sets A and B = N1X1+N2X2 / N1 + N2
Here, N1 = number of observations in set A
N2 = number of observation in set BX1 = average
of set A
X2 = average of set B

2. Replacement of a person with another person

A. If the average is increased, then
Age of new person = age of the person who left + (increase in average x totalnumber of person)
B. If the average is decreased, then
Age of new person = age of person who left – (decrease in average x total number ofperson)
3. When a person joins
A. If the average is increased, then
Age of new person = previous average + (increase in average x total number ofperson including
new members)
B. If the average is decreased, then
Age of new person = previous average + (decrease in average x total number ofperson
including new members)
PRACTICE EXERCISE
1. The average of five consecutive numbers is 55. What is the product of first and third
number?
A. 2815
B. 2915
C. 2515
D. 2060
2. Every year on Republic day society associations distributes meal boxes amongst 168
members. But on the particular day,70 members were not present. Thus, the remaining
members got extra 5 boxes. How many meal box did each member originally supposed to
get?
A. 7
B. 12
C. 14
D. 70
3. The average age of 30 candidates of a batch is 15 years. When 10 new candidates take
admissions in the same batch the average age of the batch is increased by 6 months. What
is average age of the new candidates?
A. 17 Years 6 months
B. 17 years
C. 18 Years
2
© 2013 - 2021 Great Lakes E-Learning Services Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved
Cheat Sheets –Averages
D. 20 years 2 months
4. The average age of 24 cousins and their grandfather is 18 years. The average is decreased
by 2 when grandfather’s age is excluded. What is the age of grandfather?
A. 48
B. 50
C. 52
D. 54
5. The average of ticket number of 11 passengers travelling in a train is 40; that of the first five
is 33 and that of the last five is 30. What is the ticket number for 6th passenger?
A. A.124
B. B.125
C. C.126
D. D.127
SOLUTIONS
1. Option-- B
Let x be the first number
Five consecutive numbers are: x, (x+1), (x+2), (x+3), (x+4)
It’s given average of 5 numbers is 55, thus
(x)+(x+1) +(x+2) +(x+3) +(x+4) /5 = 55
(x)+(x+1) +(x+2) +(x+3) +(x+4) = 55* 5
(x)+(x+1) +(x+2) +(x+3) +(x+4) =275
5x+10=275
x = 265/5
x= 53
Thus the numbers are: 53,54,55,56,57
Product of first and third number = 53* 55 = 2915

2. Option-- A
Let the number of meal box be x
168x = (168-70) * (x+5)
168x = 98 *(x+5)
168x = 98x + 98*5
168x-98x = 490
70x=490
x =490/70
x=7

3. Option -- B
Average age of 30 students = 15
Average age of 40 students = 15.5

3
© 2013 - 2021 Great Lakes E-Learning Services Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved
Cheat Sheets –Averages

Average age of 10 new students = (15.5*40-15*30)/10 = 17 years

4. Option-- A
Total age of cousins and grandfather = (24 x 18) = 432
Total age of cousins (excluding grandfather) = (24 x 16) = 384
Therefore, age of grandfather = (432- 384) = 48 years

5. Option- B
Average of 11 tickets = 40
Therefore, total of 11 ticket numbers = 11 x 40 = 440
Total of the first five ticket number = 5 x 33 =165
Total of the last five ticket number = 5 x 30 =150
Thus, the ticket number for the sixth passenger = 440- (165+150)
= 125

4
© 2013 - 2021 Great Lakes E-Learning Services Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved