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100 Questions About FUNCTIONAL GRAMMAR
100 Questions About FUNCTIONAL GRAMMAR
(Page 20-)
5. Fill in 5.1, 5.2, 5.3; 5.4 in the table with metafunction/ rank/ realization/ textual:
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(Page 53-)
SUBJECT, ACTOR , THEME
6. Put Grammatical subject/Psychological subject/Logical subject at the end of
the following definitions that can be used to summarized the notion
SUBJECT in general:
6.1. that which is the concern of the message:…………………………..
6.2. that of which something is being predicated:……………………….
6.3. the doer of the action:………………………………………………..
7. Put Grammatical subject/Psychological subject/Logical subject in the right
position of the following table:
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logical Constructing - iterative
logical relations
14.1.” The ……………….. is the element which serves as the point of departure
of the message; it is that which locates and orients the clause within the
context.” [ page 64. Halliday, 2004].
14.2. “ The remainder of the message, the part in which the Theme is
developed, is called …………………….”. [ page 64. Halliday, 2004].
15. The best name for the following table is: ……………………structure.
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[ English Text, Martin, page 3, 1992]
17. Identify the Simple Theme (ST) and the Thematic Equatives (TE) from the
following texts and write ST (Simple Theme) or TE ( Thematic Equatives )
at the end of each clause:
17.1. The Walrus and the Carpenter were walking close at hand. …………….
17.2. From house to house I wend my way. ……………………
17.3. One hundred and fifty years ago, on 15 September 1830, the world ‘s
first passenger railway- the liverpool to Manchester- was opened, an
event which was to change the face of civilization. …………………
17.4. What the duke gave my aunt was that teapot. ……………………..
17.5. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro
people a bad check. …………………
17.6. How my aunt came by that teapot was she was given it by the
duke…………….
18. Identify the Rheme and underline the part of the clause which serves as
Rheme:
18.1. Language – human speech – is an inexhaustible abundance of manifold
treasures.
18.2. What happened was that the duke gave my aunt that teapot.
18.3. Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we
stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation.
18.4. But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free.
18.5. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God’s children
18.6. Those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will be
content will have a rude awakening if the Nation returns to business as
usual.
19. Identify unmarked theme (uT) and marked theme (mT) by write uT for
unmarked theme and mT for marked theme:
19.1. She went to the baker’s. …………..
19.2. What I want is a proper cup of coffee. …………
19.3. On Saturday night I lost my wife. …………..
19.4. Merrily we roll along. …………
19.5. This we should refuse. …………
19.6. A bag-pudding the king did make. …………….
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19.7. What we could not eat that night the Queen next morning fried.
……………. [p.74]
20.Identify theme in WH- interrogative by putting T immediately after the
word/phrase or even the clause or somewhere in the table:
[p.76]
21. Put Theme (1), Theme (2) and RHEME in the proper positions of the
table:
Continuative: well,…
Conjunction: but….
26.1.……………………
Conjunctive: then,….
27. The following table contains a multiple theme which consists of both
TEXTUAL and INTERPERSONAL FEATURES: TOPICAL, FINITE,
MODAL, VOCATIVE, CONJUNCTIVE, STRUCTUAL, and
CONTINUATIVE. Identify and put these features in the right column:
[p.81]
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28.1 28.2
……………………………. …………………………….
2 But you + can’t store protein But protein + you can’t store
3 However you + can’t store protein However protein + you can’t store
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Commodity exchange
33. Fill in the blank in the sentence with Subject/ Finite: “ Mood consists of
two parts: 33.1 ……………, which is a nominal group, and 33.2. the…..
operator, which is part of veral group. Thus in he might, he is 33.3……..
and might is 33.4……….”.
34.Fill in the blank in the sentence with modality/tense/finite: “ The Finite
element is one of a small number of verbal operators expressing 34.1.
………. or 34.2………….”
35.Fill in the blank with Mood or Residue : “ Subject and Finite are closely
linked together, and combine to form one constituent which we call the
………….. [p.113].
36. Fill in the blank of the table with SUBJECT , FINITE in the right column
[p.113]
37. Fill in the blank in the table with Subject/Finite/Mood in the right column:
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RESIDUE
37.3 …………………………
38.Fill in the blank of the table with Residue/Subject/Finite/Mood in the right
column
38.1……………….. 38.2………………………
38.3…………… Residue
39. Read and answer:
40.“The finite element, as its name implies, has the function of making the
proposition finite.That is to say, it CIRCUMSCRIBES it; it brings the
PREPOSITION down to earth, so that it is something that can be argued
about.A good way to make something arguable is to give it a point of
reference in the here and now; and this is what the FINITE does. It relates
the PROPOSITION to its CONTEXT in the speech event.” [115]. From this
explanation about finite, answer these questions:
40.1. In the sentence “This student always studies well”, What does the
FINITE function? Answer by cross Yes or NO: A. Simple present tense
showing the action of studying is clear, and happeing at the present time
of speaking. YES/NO; Answer by cross Yes or NO: B. The listener
understands that this utterance has the context in which there is a
concrete student, he/she is doing the action of studying well at the present
time. Yes or NO
40.2. The Finite can make the function of making the proposition finite, down
to earth, and contextual by doing one of the two ways: (1) One is by
reference to the time speaking; the other is by reference to the judgement
of the speaker. Answer by cross YES or NO
41. Cross the term(s) that does / do NOT relate to the functional expessions of
FINITE: Primary tense ( temporal), modality ( modal), need , polarity
( positive and negative), arguability (arguable), attribute.
42. [p.166] Read this passage and answer the questions: “ What ‘primary tense’
and ‘modality’ have in common is interpersonal deixis: that is, they locate
the exchange within the semantic space that is opened up between speaker
and listener. With primary tense, the demension is that of time: primary
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tense construes time interpersonally, as defined by what is ‘present’ to you
and me at the time of saying. With modality, the demension is that of
assessment: modality construes a region of uncertainty where I can express,
or ask you to express, an assessment of the validity of what is being said.”
42.1. Answer the question by crossing the underlined term(s) that is/are NOT
right: (a) this above passage expresses what is about: Finite and its
Functions, Subject and its Functions, textual meaning.
42.2. Which following examples can be selected for illustrating the above
passage; Cross (a), (b) or/and (c) in the example(s) that is/are right.
(a) Dr. Long always goes to work on time. ( finite in the verb goes shows us
present time of his action ( temporality) , and it also shows us that the
speaker’s assessment about Dr. Long’ action is certain, sure ( modality).
(b) Miss Lan may come to the dinner party tonight. ( finite in the modal
verb may shows us NOT the certainty but the possibility of Lan’s action,
coming.
(c) They have been good friends for ages. ( Finite in have been shows us the
duration of time).
[p.117] “The Subject supplies the rest of what it takes to form a proposition:
namely, something by reference to which the proposition can be affirmed or
denied. For example, in the duke has given away that teapot, hasn’t he?, the Finite
has specific reference to positive polarity and present time, while the Subject the
duke specifies the entity in respect of which the assertion is claimed to have
validity.
It is the duke, in other words, in whom is vested the success or failure of the
proposition. He is the one that is, so to speak, being held responsible- responsible
for the functioning of the clause as an interactive event. The speaker rests his case
on the duke + has , and this is what the listener is called on to acknowledge.
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you over there ( command) it is for you to desist or otherwise. Hence the typical
Subject of an offer is the speaker, and that of a command is the person being
addressed.”
43.1. Give the tick V to the right idea of the passage: The topic of the above
passages is about: (a) Finite and Operator, (b) Subject , (c) offer and command.
43.2.Give the tick V to the right idea of the passage: (a) Subject specifies the entity
in respect of which the assertion is claimed to have validity V. (b) The typical
Subject of an offer is the speaker V. (c) The typical of a command is the person
being addressed V.
44. ( p.121,122). Read the table under, then answer the questions: Fill in the blanks
of 44.1. and 44.2. in the table.
45. Read what Halliday explains about PREDICATOR, and answer the questions:
(P.121)“ The predicator is present in all major clauses, except those where it is
displaced through ellipsis. It is realized by a verbal group minus the temporal or
modal operator, which as we have seen functions as Finite in the Mood element;
for example, in the verb groups, was shining, have been shining, may be going to
be replaced the parts functioning as Predicator are shining, been shining,be going
to be replaced. The Predicator itself is thus non-finite; and there are non-finite
clauses containing a Predicator but no Finite element, for example, eating her
curds and whey.
(i) It specifies TIME reference other than reference to the time of the
speech event, that is, ‘ secondary’ tense: past, present, or future relative
to the primary tense.
(ii) It specifies various other ASPECTS and PHASES such as seeming,
trying, hoping.
(iii) It specifies the voice: active or passive.
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(iv) It specifies the process ( action, event, metal process, relation) that is
predicated of the Subject.
These can be exemplified from the verbal group has been trying to be heard, where
the Predicator, been trying to be heard (i) a complex secondary tense, been + ing,
(ii) a conative phase, try + to; (iii) passive voice, be + -d; (iv) the mental process
hear.”
- All the people in the affected areas are panicking. [ declarative mood]
- Can you tell us a little about your early life? [interrogative mood directive]
- The Indians had originally planned to present the document to present Fernado
Henrique Caroso. [ declarative mood]
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