Stowage On Chemical Tankers - MyS

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  
Blog SeaQA Companies
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A beginner’s guide of planning stowage on

chemical tankers
Written by Capt Rajeev Jassal on
 July 28, 2016
(https://www.myseatime.com/blogadm/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Chemical-tanker-
operations.jpg)
There is no other way to have expertise in chemical tanker

operations other than by working on board a chemical
tanker. Chemical tanker is a complete different field. With each
new cargo you are on a completely different ship. This is because
the requirements both safety and otherwise changes with each
cargo.
It takes months and years of working(https://www.myseatime.com)
on chemical tanker to get
used to its
uniques operations.  
IHS FairPlay expects chemical cargo demand forecast to surge by

2020
(https://fairplay.ihs.com/commerce/article/4267676/chemical-
cargo-demand-forecast-to-surge-by-2020). Radiant insight INC
has said recently that chemical tanker market size will be worth
$2.23 Trillion (https://globenewswire.com/news-
release/2016/02/04/807562/0/en/Chemical-Tanker-Shipping-
Market-Size-Worth-2-23-Trillion-By-2020-Radiant-Insights-
Inc.html) by 2020.
All these forecasts and trends show that there will be huge
demand for chemical tanker officers on these ships. Many shore
management will be forced to shift officers from other ships to
chemical tankers.
But performing each task on chemical tanker without earlier

experience on these can be difficult. One such task is
the stowage of the cargo on chemical tankers.
This guide aims to help officers with comparatively lesser

experience on chemical tankers. However, this can also be used
by experienced officers to help them refresh their memory.
Let’s begin.
(https://www.myseatime.com)
  
(ttps://www.myseatime.com/blogadm/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Stowage-planning-on-
chemical-tanker.jpeg)
Receiving voyage orders
As is the case with other ships, on chemical tankers some

operators will make the stowage plan and send you for
verification. Others will send the cargo list for loading and would
expect you to stow each cargo and send them the stowage plan.
In both the case we need to check the list, trim and stability
criteria for each leg of the voyage. This is no brainer as we do
same on all type of ships. But there are few things specific to
chemical tankers that we need to check while planning the
stowage.
 Exclusive Bonus: Download 
this simple checklist for stowage 
planning on chemical tanker
There are steps that we need to follow while preparing the

stowage plan on chemical tanker. If you have been sailing on
chemical tanker for some time now, these might come naturally to
you. But for the first timers or first time mates, these need to be
followed religiously.
Can we load this cargo ?
The first thing that we need to clarify is if the ship is designed to

load this cargo. For the sake of understanding, let’s assume that
we have got orders to load these four cargoes
Acetic acid
Palm fatty acid distilates
TDI
Methanol
We need to know if we can load these chemicals. Let us go step

by step to know if we can load these cargoes.
a) Know the proper shipping name of the cargo
One chemical can have many trade names. To know if we can

load a cargo or not, we need to know its proper shipping name
listed in IBC code.
Certificate of fitness lists all the cargoes that a vessel is fit to load.
The name 
of the cargoes in the COF are proper
 shipping names 
(IBC name) and not trade names.
So if the charterer has given you trade names, you first need
proper shipping name of such cargoes. For example in the
cargoes above, methanol is a trade name. Proper shipping name
of Methanol is methyl alcohol.
How can we know if the name is a IBC name or trade name ?
Just go to IBC code chapter 17. See if you can find that cargo. If it
is there, then it is proper shipping name. If it isn’t there in chapter
17, then it is a trade name.
If we just have the trade name of the cargo, how can we know
its IBC name ? There are 3 ways that I can think of.
  
(https://www.myseatime.com/blogadm/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Proper-shipping-
name-of-chemical.jpeg)
First, you can go to chapter 19 of the IBC code and see if you can
find your cargo name there. If you can, then it will give you the
proper shipping name (IBC name) in the next column.
  
(https://www.myseatime.com/blogadm/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Chapter-19-IBC-
code.jpg)
Second, you can go to tank cleaning guide software such as

Miracle (https://miracle.chemserve.eu) and Milbros
(https://www.milbros.com/Home.aspx). This software has more or
less become a necessity to have on all chemical tankers. More
often than not you will find one of these software on chemical
tanker. So for example, if you open milbros, go to commodities.
In the search option, you can type in the name of the cargo and
then choose from the list.
  
(https://www.myseatime.com/blogadm/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Search-commodity-in-
Milbros.jpg)
This will give you the product name (IBC name) of the cargo you
entered.
(https://www.myseatime.com/blogadm/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Product-name-in-
Milbros.jpg)
  
In fact, if you go to the synonyms section it will give all the names
this cargo is known as.
(https://www.myseatime.com/blogadm/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Synonyms-in-Milbros-
software.jpg)
Third way to know the IBC name of cargo is by just asking your
operator or
charterers. Knowing the proper
shipping name of 
cargo being loaded is very important.
b) Check in the cargo list of the COF
Now that we know the proper shipping name of the cargo, go to

cargo list of the COF and check if your cargo appears in the list.
The cargoes in the COF are listed in alphabatical orders. Let’s

check if these cargoes appear in the COF of a real ship.
Acetic acid does not appear in the COF of this ship. So this ship
cannot load this cargo.
(https://www.myseatime.com/blogadm/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/No-acetic-acid-in-
COF.jpg)
Methyl Alcohol appears in the list and we can load this cargo too.
  
(https://www.myseatime.com/blogadm/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Methanol-in-COF-
list.jpg)
In the same way we can check for Toluene Diisocyanate and Palm
fatty acid distillate.
c) Check coating manual
The certificate of fitness does not take into account the coating of
the tank. Even if we are allowed to load a particular cargo, we
need to check if the coating of the tank is suitable for the cargo to
avoid the damage to the cargo coating.
There are number of coating that the cargo tanks of a chemical

tanker can have.
Stainless steel
Epoxy
Zinc silicate (https://www.myseatime.com)

Marine Line  
Rubber
These are the few of the most popular coatings of cargo tanks on
chemical tanker.
If the tanks are stainless steel coated then you do not need to
worry about the coating.
The coating manual will have the resistant list of all the chemical
cargoes. Each cargo will have either of these atleast these three
options
cargo is acceptable
cargo is not acceptable
Cargo is acceptable with some restrictions
Now lets see the coating manual of this ship. Let us look for
cargo “TDI” and “Palm fatty acid Distillates” to see if the coating is
resistant to this cargo.
(https://www.myseatime.com/blogadm/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/TDI-in-coating-list.jpg)
  
As we can see TDI can be loaded without any restrictions.
(https://www.myseatime.com/blogadm/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/PFAD-coating.jpg)
For Palm Fatty acid Distillate, you can see above that we can load
this but it has a notation no 2. We need to look at the coating
manual for the explanation note of this.
For example for this cargo, it meant (https://www.myseatime.com)
that fatty acid content of the
cargo should
 not be more than 10%. In this
case we need to 
inform charterers about this. Charterers will get this confirmed
from the shipper. Before their written confirmation of the fatty acid
content is received, you should not load this cargo.
d) Check Heating requirements
Some cargoes require heating during the voyage. Charterers

instruction may include maintaining a minimum temperature
during the voyage and having a minimum temperature during
discharge.
On chemical tankers sometimes we are required to maintain

cargo temperature as high as 80 C with ambient temperature as
low as -15 C.
While planning a stowage chief officer must check if the ship has
the capability to heat the cargo to that extent.
If the vessel is not capable of heating to that extent, this cargo

should not be loaded.
Fulfilling the requirements for carriage of a cargo
Even when the ship is designed to load a particular chemical,

each chemical can have its own requirement.
These requirements can be checked from four sources.
Footnotes mentioned against the cargo in COF
Chpater 17 of the IBC code

Milbros or Miracle software (https://www.myseatime.com)
 voyage instructions
Charterers  
While each of this source can have some overlapping
requirements, it is important to go through each such sources.
Chapter 17 of the IBC code is the best way to start with finding the
special requirements for a cargo.
(https://www.myseatime.com/blogadm/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Methanol-IBC.jpg)
Let us discuss some of the requirements you should check for

each cargo
a. Safety equipments
Chapter 14 of the IBC code lists the safety equipment

requirements with respect to chemicals.
For example, the ships carrying cargoes for which 15.12, 15.12.1 or
15.12.3 is listed
 in column O of chapter 17 should
 have 3 IBC sets 
which contains
Chemical Suits
SCBA sets of 20 minutes air
Another requirement as per chapter 14.3 is to have ELSA for every

person onboard for the cargoes that have “yes” marked in column
n of chapter 17.
For toxic cargoes, it is required to have antidote for that cargoes.
While planning the stowage, Chief officer need to keep in mind if

these equipments are available. If not then he should inform to
the company immediately.
b. Drager tubes
To be safe on chemical tankers, it is important to measure the

presence of toxic gas in the area accessed by the crew. Each
cargo can release a different toxic gas and as such need
equipment to measure it.
Drager and Gastec are two of such equipments that mesures toxic

gas concentration. The Drager and Gastec have pump that uses
tubes to measure toxic gases. Each type of toxic gas has its own
tube.
Before loading the cargo, chief officer must ensure that he has
drager (or Gastec) tubes for the toxic vapours that require
measuring.
But not all cargoes are toxic and not all cargoes have the drager

tubes available. use Milbros or
To check this, again you can 
(https://www.myseatime.com/blog)
Miracle software. (https://www.myseatime.com/knowledgebase)(https://www.myseatime.com/profileco
In the Milbros software, search for the commodity and go to

Safety/MSDS section. You can find the information regarding
Drager and Gastec tubes applicable for that cargo.
(https://www.myseatime.com/blogadm/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Methanol-drager-
tube-information.jpg)
c) PV Valves
There has been a new requirement for the PV valves on chemical

tankers (https://icsclass.org/news/new-requirements-for-pv-
valves-on-chemical-tankers-msc-1circ-1324/). Check if in chapter
17 of IBC code, the column i” shows IIB requirement for the
cargo. If yes, vessel need to have new type of PV valves which
are MSC/Circ.677 IIB compliant.
Stowage
of the cargo  
So you have checked and found that you can load the intended
cargoes. You have also ensured that you have all the required
safety equipments on board. Now the time is to make the
stowage plan. There are number of things that you need to keep
in mind while planning the stowage. Let us see each of it.
a) Cargo compatibility
Some chemicals react with each other. We call these incompatible

chemicals. These chemicals cannot be stowed adjacent to each
other. This be because of the simple reason that if there is a crack
in the common bulkhead, it can lead to disastrous situation.
For example any acid cargo cannot be stored next to bases like

Caustic soda solution.
Most common method of checking if two cargoes are compatible

or not is the compatibility chart from US coast gaurd. USCG has
released full guidelines on compatibility of chemical cargoes
which if you like you can download by clicking here
(https://www.uscg.mil/hq/nsfweb/foscr/ASTFOSCRSeminar/References/CHRISManualIntro.pd
  
(https://www.myseatime.com/blogadm/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Compatibility-
chart.jpg)
Bottom line that you need to keep in mind is not to stow any
incompatible cargoes together.
b) Cargo density
Cargo density of the chemicals loaded on chemical tanker can

vary drastically. Once you may be asked to load a cargo of
density as low as 0.7 and then that which have density as high as
1.9.
Chief officer must know what is the allowed cargo density for the
vessel. You can find this information in vessel’s “Procedure and
arrangement manual”.
For example let us assume that the allowed maximum density is
need to load a cargo that has a
1.025. If we density more than 
1.025, we need to load the(https://www.myseatime.com/knowledgebase)
(https://www.myseatime.com/blog) quantity that does not exceed the load
(https://www.myseatime.com/profileco
density of the cargo tank.
For example, let us say that a cargo tank has total volume of
3000 M3 and maximum allowed load density of 1.025. This tank
can load a total of 3075 MT (3000 x 1.025) of cargo. Now if we
need to load a cargo with density 1.5, we can only load 2050 m3 (
3075 / 1.5) volume in that. The whole idea is not to exceed total
weight of 3075 MT in this case.
Bottom line, keep in mind the allowed load density of your tanks
while planning stowage.
c) Adjacent cargo temperature restrictions
Some cargoes have restriction of maximum adjacent temperature

that you can have. For example we cannot load a polymerising
cargo such as Styrene monomer adjacent to a heated cargo such
as palm oil.
These are the cargoes for which chapter 16.6 of IBC code applies.
If in column o of the chapter 17 IBC code mentions 16.6, these
restriction would apply to that cargo.
Apart from polymerising cargoes, some cargoes can become off-

spec if it is loaded adjacent to a high temperature cargo. IBC
code does not take into account the quality of the cargo. So if any
cargo has any restriction regarding adjacent temperature, the
charterers need to advise in their voyage instructions.
You can also find a fair idea from the(https://www.myseatime.com)
Milbros/Miracle software.
  
If Milbros software mentions
(https://www.myseatime.com/blog) these restrictions but your voyage(https://www.myseatime.com/profileco
(https://www.myseatime.com/knowledgebase)
instructions don’t, then you may need to clarify from the charterer
regarding any of such limitations.
Bottom line, do not stow a heat sensitive cargo adjacent to the

heated cargo.
d) Stability and strength in each leg
While we have to check the stability of every ship we work on but

there is something more with chemical tankers.
For example I have worked on chemical tanker with 39 cargo

tanks carrying 20 grades of cargo at a time. Some people work
on chemical tankers with as many as 50 cargo tanks.
This makes the satisfying of intact stability, strength, damage

stability and drafts and trim requirements a challenge for chief
officer.
And there is no other way than checking each leg on the

loadicator. This off course takes a lot of time. Charterers at times
may want you to send the stowage plan in seconds. But you have
a responsibility that a person sitting on other end may not be able
to fathom.
Bottom line is you should make it quick if the stowage plan is

urgently required but not before checking each leg on the
loadicator.
Conclusion (https://www.myseatime.com)
  
Cargo stowage planning on chemical tanker is not like other
vessels. There are number of factors that need to be checked to
ensure that chemicals can be loaded, carried and discharged
safely.
Specially as a first time mates on chemical tankers, you might find

it difficult to know where you should begin with the planning of
stowage, as it can all seem complex at first.
Hopefully after reading this post, you can have a framework you
can stick to while planning the stowage.
About Capt Rajeev Jassal

Capt. Rajeev Jassal has sailed for over 19 years mainly on crude oil, product
and chemical tankers. He holds MBA in shipping & Logistics degree from
London. He has done extensive research on quantitatively measuring Safety
culture onboard and safety climate ashore which he believes is the most
important element for safer shipping.
59 Comments
Sagar kumar  Reply

Jul 30, 2016
Good guide , I have only oil tanker experience but after reading this article got
good idea of chemical tanker stowage planning. Thanks for writing sir
Rajeev Jassal  Reply

Jul 30, 2016
 Glad you found it useful Sagar..Let
me know if you any question regarding 
chemical tanker operations if you switch to that side..
Sagar Kumar  Reply

Jul 30, 2016
Of course sir, Thanks for helping us.
ken  Reply

Dec 23, 2020
what is sf of methanol pls ?
ercan  Reply

Aug 3, 2016
i have been working on chemical tankers for about 8 years. i found it very
useful and informative writing. Thanks for your sharing .

Aug 3, 2016
Glad you found it useful Ercan..
Nicolas  Reply

Sep 13, 2016
As usual, best lecture for colleagues...appreciate if you elaborate in the future

a lecture on venting systems, primary, secondary means, differences on oil
tankers, parcels and chemical tankers...thanks for share knowledge

Sep 14, 2016
Thank you Nicolas. Yes sure, I will write on venting systems soon..
pardeep deswal  Reply

Dec 29, 2016
I will be joining first time on chemical tanker as chief mate and little bit
nervous too....So can I request to advise or provide some complete handy
notes,lesson by any means...thanks in advance

Dec 29, 2016
 I will write more posts on chemicaltanker operations. Meanwhile if you have 
any doubt while on board, feel free to email me.
HARISH P NAIR  Reply

Jan 31, 2017
EXCELLENT BASICS IN SIMPLE LANGUAGE FOR ANY FIRST

TIMER..APPRECIATING

Feb 5, 2017
Thanks for your words..
Rahul Mohanty  Reply

Feb 5, 2017
hello Sir, could you share something on Framo pumps and its working ( tired
of textbook language). Being a teetotaler with chemical tankers, i will be
useful.

Feb 5, 2017
Yes Sure Rahul, I will write on that shortly..
Ram  Reply

Feb 6, 2017
Dear Rajeev; well written article. Have a query : where can one find tabulated
ch17/18/19 and IBC namve against Trade names .... in a spreadsheet format
e.g.MSExcel. Thanks, Ram

Feb 10, 2017
I have seen such a list from STOLT. But they have covered most of the trade
names of the cargoes carried by their ships. With softwares like "Miracle" and
"Milbros" these lists are no more required as all the information is their in
these including all the trade names.
Mohamed  Reply

Apr 13, 2017
Good and very simple explaining
 Rajeev Jassal    Reply

Apr 30, 2017
Thanks Mohamed..
Captain Ken Tree  Reply

Apr 28, 2017
Hello Rajeev I just came across your site, well done quite refreshing many
thanks

Apr 30, 2017
Thanks Capt Ken for your kind words..
MD.ASRAFUL HASAN  Reply

May 5, 2017
Thanks sir for your excellent and easy interpret note in order to prepare
stowage plan on chemical tankers.

May 15, 2017
Glad you liked it..
Anil kumar  Reply

May 13, 2017
Thank you sir, for such a simple and easy interpretation of stowage planning
in chemical tanker.

May 15, 2017
Thank you Anil..
Amimul Basher  Reply

May 20, 2017
Thanks you sir for your nice Airtcle.........


Nov 18, 2017
Glad you like it Amimul...
  
Capt. Sunil P.Karve  Reply

Jul 13, 2017
very nice and informative article.

Nov 18, 2017
Thanks Capt Sunil...
Maung Myo Naing  Reply

Aug 21, 2017
Thank sir, got pretty knowledge to reading,

hope u to write more and more,
waiting to read further post


Nov 18, 2017
Glad you liked it Maung...
Sharif  Reply

Sep 30, 2017
Thank you! Very helpful interpretation for the beginners.

Nov 18, 2017
Thanks Sharif...
Harpal Cheema  Reply

Mar 1, 2018
Much appreciate the effort you have put in to write a step by step guide for
people who do not have as much experience as you do. Well done.
Knowledge shared is knowledge enhanced. Thank you Rajeev.
Derrikq GOH  Reply

Mar 26, 2018
Hello Rajeev, very much appreciated your mentioning of Interline 9001 and
International Paint's CRG website on(https://www.myseatime.com)
your excellent website. I would
appreciate if you can get in touch with me, as some of the information

 are incorrect, such as Interline 9001 does not have any restriction on
provided

FFA content, even though it is a notation 2. Great stuff you are sharing! Thank
you.
Hemant  Reply

May 1, 2018
Thank you sir!!
Naim Al Zidan  Reply

Jul 12, 2018
Sir, how to mitigate health hazards in chemical takers..

Please inform me sir
Minakshi Kumari  Reply

Jul 13, 2018
It's very nicely explained. I would have loved reading more
ZOHEB  Reply

Sep 23, 2018
THANKS FOR THE POST SIR VERY HELPFULL
Andrey  Reply

Jan 7, 2019
Good day Capt Jassal. One question regarding choise of Drager tubes. Is it
possible to find number of required tubes without software? Many thanks in
advance
Vinod Singh  Reply

Apr 25, 2019
Good day sir

Please advise if cargo is not listed in cof can we load that cargo
or not ?
KTNW  Reply

May 10, 2019
please ,let me know how to download your page. Best Regards
 Reply
Saleh Alshehhi

Jul 25, 2019
very 
good explanation capt. could you please write some article about FOSFA 
band list for previous cargo
Ankur  Reply

Nov 2, 2019
Hello sir The explanation given by you is very useful . My question in the
stowage plan what all remarks can be put before sending it to the company /
chrts . The remarks that can help you safe guard your self in case there is
change in drafts or stowage quantity during loading .Thanks in advance
Sabareesh B S  Reply

Feb 14, 2020
Sir, can you tell me, chemical tanker carrying sulphuric acid comes under in
which IMO type of vessel?
Brij bhatia  Reply

May 10, 2020
Hi Rajiv.. very informative articles.. keep up the good work buddy!
Nawshad  Reply

Sep 10, 2020
As usual. The best articles in simple language covering most of the basics I
ever read in marine sites is yours. Thanks Rajiv sir.
pedrochapman  Reply

Dec 21, 2020
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Akshay Bansal  Reply

Feb 19, 2021
Hello sir.. Is there any way to load cargo not listed in ICOF ?
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
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Mohamed Farag  Reply

Jul 5, 2021
Can't find a word to thank you Capt. Rajeev, anyway I have a question about
the purpose of recirculating Benzene !! is it for pump stack sample only?
appreciate if you put up a guide for loading Benzene and Molasses as well.
  
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
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christy noga  Reply
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Jul 19, 2021
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Sep 17, 2021
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(https://www.myseatime.com/blog)  Reply
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Stowage On Chemical Tankers - MyS

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A beginner’s guide of planning stowage on

There is no other way to have expertise in chemical tanker

IHS FairPlay expects chemical cargo demand forecast to surge by

But performing each task on chemical tanker without earlier

This guide aims to help officers with comparatively lesser

Receiving voyage orders

As is the case with other ships, on chemical tankers some

There are steps that we need to follow while preparing the

Can we load this cargo ?

The first thing that we need to clarify is if the ship is designed to

Palm fatty acid distilates

We need to know if we can load these chemicals. Let us go step

a) Know the proper shipping name of the cargo

One chemical can have many trade names. To know if we can

How can we know if the name is a IBC name or trade name ?

Second, you can go to tank cleaning guide software such as

b) Check in the cargo list of the COF

Now that we know the proper shipping name of the cargo, go to

The cargoes in the COF are listed in alphabatical orders. Let’s

c) Check coating manual

There are number of coating that the cargo tanks of a chemical

cargo is not acceptable

Cargo is acceptable with some restrictions

d) Check Heating requirements

Some cargoes require heating during the voyage. Charterers

On chemical tankers sometimes we are required to maintain

If the vessel is not capable of heating to that extent, this cargo

Fulfilling the requirements for carriage of a cargo

Even when the ship is designed to load a particular chemical,

These requirements can be checked from four sources.

Footnotes mentioned against the cargo in COF

Chpater 17 of the IBC code

Let us discuss some of the requirements you should check for

Chapter 14 of the IBC code lists the safety equipment

SCBA sets of 20 minutes air

Another requirement as per chapter 14.3 is to have ELSA for every

For toxic cargoes, it is required to have antidote for that cargoes.

While planning the stowage, Chief officer need to keep in mind if

To be safe on chemical tankers, it is important to measure the

Drager and Gastec are two of such equipments that mesures toxic

In the Milbros software, search for the commodity and go to

There has been a new requirement for the PV valves on chemical

Some chemicals react with each other. We call these incompatible

For example any acid cargo cannot be stored next to bases like

Most common method of checking if two cargoes are compatible

Cargo density of the chemicals loaded on chemical tanker can

density of the cargo tank.

c) Adjacent cargo temperature restrictions

Some cargoes have restriction of maximum adjacent temperature

Apart from polymerising cargoes, some cargoes can become off-

Bottom line, do not stow a heat sensitive cargo adjacent to the

d) Stability and strength in each leg

While we have to check the stability of every ship we work on but

For example I have worked on chemical tanker with 39 cargo

This makes the satisfying of intact stability, strength, damage

And there is no other way than checking each leg on the