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Information Systems - Management Practices in Acti
Information Systems - Management Practices in Acti
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A. H. Nor Aziati
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
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All content following this page was uploaded by Yaser Hasan Salem Al-Mamary on 18 April 2015.
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Abstract:
For the last twenty years, different kinds of information systems are developed for different
purposes, depending on the need of the business . In today’s business world, there are
varieties of information systems such as transaction processing systems (TPS), office
automation systems (OAS), management information systems (MIS), decision support
system (DSS), and executive information systems (EIS), Expert System (ES) etc . Each plays a
different role in organizational hierarchy and management operations. This study attempts
to explain the role of each type of information systems in business organizations.
Keywords:
Information systems,Types of Information Systems, Business Organization.
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Introduction
According to O’Brien, & Marakas, [1] significant people, places, and things within
information system (IS) can be any the organization or in the environment
organized combination of people, surrounding it. By information we mean
hardware, software, communications data that have been shaped into a form that
networks, data resources, and policies and is meaningful and useful to human beings.
procedures that stores, retrieves, Data, in contrast, are streams of raw facts
transforms, and disseminates information representing events occurring in
in an organization. People rely on modern organizations or the physical environment
information systems to communicate with before they have been organized and
one another using a variety of physical arranged into a form that people can
devices (hardware) , information processing understand and use [5]. According to Shim
instructions and procedures (software) , [6] an information system is a computerized
communications channels (networks) , and system that processes data (facts) and
stored data (data resources) . According to produces information. This process is
Patterson [2] an information system is a defined as an information processing cycle
group of interrelated components that (IPC). The information processing cycle
work to carry out input, processing, storage, consists of four operations. They are input,
output and control actions in order to process, output, and storage.
convert data into information that can be
used to support forecasting, planning, Types of Information Systems
control, coordination, decision making and
operational activities in an organization. According to O’Brien & Marakas [1] the
Every business organization in this era applications of information systems that are
needs an information system (IS) to keep implemented in today’s business world can
track of all business activities, right from be classified in several different ways. For
business planning, till the product delivery example, several types of information
via manufacturing and quality cycles [3]. An systems can be classified as either
information system can be defined operations (Support of business operation)
technically as a set of interrelated or (Support of managerial decision making).
components that collect (or retrieve), Support of business operation such as
process, store, and distribute information to transaction processing systems, process
support decision making, coordination and control systems and Enterprise
control in an organization. In addition to collaboration systems (office automation
supporting decision making, coordination, system). Support of managerial decision
and control, information systems may also making such as management information
help managers and workers analyze system, decision support system and
problems, visualize complex subjects, and executive information systems. According
create new products [4]. Information to Patterson[2] there are several categories
systems contain information about of information system such as Data
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improve the process and the efficiency of a operations of human resources Khanore, et
manufacturing system, thus raising quality al.,[5].The human resources function is
of products and lowering the manufacturing responsible for attracting, developing, and
costs. In other words, a manufacturing maintaining the firm's work force. Human
system is a system that takes material, resources information systems support
equipment, data, management, and activities such as identifying potential
information systems technology as the employees, maintaining complete records
input and uses manufacturing and on existing employees, and creating
information process to generate better final programs to develop employees' talents
products as output . and skills [4].
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Management information systems -10th ed., by 11] Asemi , A., & Safari , A., & Zavareh, A.A.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin, a business unit of The McGraw- (2011). The Role of Management Information
2] Patterson ,A. (2005) Information Systems - Using for Manager’s Decision Making Process.
Information, Learning and Teaching Scotland. International Journal of Business and Management,
Management Information Systems and Its Support to 12] Salisbury ,M.W. (2003). Putting theory into
Sustainable Small and Medium Enterprises practice to build knowledge management systems.
4] Laudon, K. & Laudon, J. (2006) Management 13] Hernandez ,W. , & Rivera, J. M. (1997). A
Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm, 9th Production Information System, an Application in the
5] Khanore ,S.,& Patil ,R.,& Dand ,H. (2011) 33, No. 1-2, pp. 15-18.
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About Authors
Yaser Hasan Al-Mamary is a PhD student at The University of Tune Hussein Onn Malaysia .He is from
Yemen. He will receive his PhD degree from Faculty of Technology Management and Business . His
research and publications focus on topics such as Management Information Systems (MIS), IS Success
,Managerial Decision Making, Information Systems , and Technology Adoption.
Associate. Prof. Dr Alina Binti Shamsuddin is Head of the Department of Academic Programs (JPPA)
Centre for Development and Academic Training UTHM. Her research and publications focus on
technology management - supply chain management, ,Performance Measurement System, and
Innovation Management.
Dr. Nor Aziati BT Abdul Hamid is Senior Lecturer at Faculty of Technology Management and Business
UTHM. Her research and publications focus on IT Outsourcing , Knowledge Management , and
Knowledge Transfer.
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