Pipeline Welding02776E03

eni spa
COMPANY TECHNICAL STANDARD
GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR FIELD WELDING

OF PIPELINES
02776.ENG.MME.STD
Rev.03 - December 2016
Previous identification code

02776.PLI.COR.SDS
Rev.03 – December 2016
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ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di Eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of Eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties nor used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
eni spa 02776.PLI.COR.SDS
Rev. 03 – December 2016
Page 3 of 80
Consulted Distribution List
Date Name Surname/Business Unit Company
December 2016 G. Cognigni /COETA/FATA Eni/PMEC/TA&E

December 2016 S. Gree Babu /MECC/TEIN Eni/PMEC/TA&E
December 2016 A. Khater /FACON/COIMS Eni/PMEC/OE&C
December 2016 R. Poggi /COQC/SMECO Eni/PMEC/OE&C
December 2016 A. Ghielmetti /PIPT/INSU Eni/PMEC/OE&C
December 2016 F. Locati EniProgetti
December 2016 D. Welch EniProgetti UK
Informed Distribution List
Date Name Surname/Business Unit Company
December 2016 M. Barbieri /TA&E Eni/PMEC

December 2016 M. Bacchini /FATA Eni/PMEC/TA&E
December 2016 A. Marceglia /MECC/TEIN Eni/PMEC/TA&E
December 2016 S. Monaco /TEIN Eni/PMEC/TA&E
December 2016 M. Oddone /SMECO Eni/PMEC/OE&C
December 2016 G. Franceschini /COIMS Eni/PMEC/OE&C
December 2016 F. Andena /INSU Eni/PMEC/OE&C
December 2016 S. Grosso EniProgetti
December 2016 I. O. Hashi EniProgetti UK
REVISION TRACKING
Rev 00
Date: 06/1986
Rev. 01
Actual revision is of 58 pages.
Date: 04/1991
Rev. 02
General revision - Written as Addendum to ISO 13847 –Petroleum and natural gas
industries- Pipeline transportation systems Welding of pipelines- risers & spools.
Change code from MEC to COR. Change code from SPC to SDS
Date: 06/2013
Rev. 03
General revision - Reviewed and updated to the latest revision of International Standard
ISO 13847:2013 “Petroleum and natural gas industries – Pipeline transportation
systems – Welding of pipelines”.
Date: 12/2016

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is the property of eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties nor used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
Page 4 of 80
INFORMATION REQUEST
Eni personnel can access company standard repository at:
http://wwweandp.eni.it/TSServices/ITEM/Standards-/Normalizat/Documents-/index.asp
External user shall refer to the Project Engineer Manager.
For information about the content of this standard, please refer to responsible and
accountable person as per above RACIE table or to Technical Authority coordinator
(COETA).
HIERARCHY OF REGULATIONS
1. Local Regulations of the Country where the equipment is installed;

2. Project Specifications and Data Sheets;
3. Company General Specifications;
4. International Codes & Standards

Page 5 of 80
INDEX
PART I – GENERAL DATA............................................................................................................. 7

1. SCOPE....................................................................................................................................... 7
2. GUIDANCE TO USE .............................................................................................................. 7
3. REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................... 8
PART II – AMENDMENTS AND SUPPLEMENT TO ISO 13847:2013 ............................. 9
AR1 SCOPE ........................................................................................................................................ 9
AR2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES ................................................................................................. 9
AP2.1 Company Standards ................................................................................................................... 10
3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................... 11
4 SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATED TERMS .............................................................................. 12
AR 4.1 Symbols......................................................................................................................................... 12
AR 4.2 Abbreviated terms ..................................................................................................................... 12
TR 5 COMPLIANCE ....................................................................................................................... 13
TR 6 INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE COMPANY ............................................ 14
7 WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION AND QUALIFICATION
REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................................ 17
TR 7.1 General .......................................................................................................................................... 17
TR 7.2 Welding procedure specification........................................................................................... 18
7.3 Welding of test piece....................................................................................................................... 20
AR 7.4 Inspection and testing of test pieces ................................................................................. 22
TR 7.5 Re-testing ..................................................................................................................................... 34
7.6 Essential variables and range of approval .............................................................................. 36
TR 7.7 WPS for repair welding ............................................................................................................ 39
TR 7.8 Period of validity ........................................................................................................................ 43
8 APPROVAL AND TESTING OF WELDERS AND WELDING OPERATORS ................. 44
TR 8.1 General .......................................................................................................................................... 44
AR 8.2 Approval for manual and semi-automatic welding ....................................................... 44
TR 8.3 Approval for mechanized welding........................................................................................ 45
TR 8.4 Approval for automatic welding............................................................................................ 45
TR 8.7 Re-testing ..................................................................................................................................... 45
9 PRODUCTION WELDING ........................................................................................................ 45
AR 9.2 Equipment .................................................................................................................................... 45
TR 9.4 Weather conditions ................................................................................................................... 45
TR 9.5 Pipe end preparation ................................................................................................................ 46
TR 9.6 Support .......................................................................................................................................... 46
PM 9.7 Line-up .......................................................................................................................................... 46
TR 9.8 Tack welding ................................................................................................................................ 47
AR 9.10 Electrodes and filler materials ............................................................................................ 47
TR 9.12 Preheating .................................................................................................................................. 48
TR 9.13 Arc strikes .................................................................................................................................. 48
TR 9.14 Backing ........................................................................................................................................ 49
TR 9.15 Internal weld bead .................................................................................................................. 49
TR9.18 Partially completed welds ...................................................................................................... 49
TR 9.19 Post-weld heat treatment .................................................................................................... 50
TR 9.20 Pipe and weld record.............................................................................................................. 51
AP 9.21 Post-weld heating .................................................................................................................... 51
AP 9.22 Welding parameters record ................................................................................................. 51
AP 9.23 Tapering ...................................................................................................................................... 51
AP 9.24 Pre-production and production girth welds ................................................................... 52
AP 9.25 De-magnetism system .......................................................................................................... 52

Page 6 of 80
10 NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING ............................................................................................ 53

TR 10.1 General ........................................................................................................................................ 53
TR 10.2 NDT personnel .......................................................................................................................... 54
TR 10.3 NDT procedure approval ....................................................................................................... 54
TR 10.4 Visual examination (VT) ....................................................................................................... 54
TR 10.5 Radiographic testing (RT) .................................................................................................... 55
TR 10.5.1 Technique ............................................................................................................................... 55
TR 10.5.2 Procedure ............................................................................................................................... 55
TR 10.6 Ultrasonic testing..................................................................................................................... 57
TR 10.7 Magnetic-particle Testing (MT) .......................................................................................... 59
TR 10.8 Liquid Penetrant Testing (LPT) ........................................................................................... 59
TR 10.9 NDT report ................................................................................................................................. 60
11 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING ................................. 61
TR 11.1 General ........................................................................................................................................ 61
TR 11.2 Right of rejection ..................................................................................................................... 61
TR 11.3 Visual testing ............................................................................................................................ 61
11.4 Radiographic testing ..................................................................................................................... 62
TR 11.5 Ultrasonic testing..................................................................................................................... 63
TR 11.8 Acceptance criteria — ECA ................................................................................................... 63
12 REPAIR AND REMOVAL OF DEFECTS .............................................................................. 64
TR 12.1 General ........................................................................................................................................ 64
TR 12.2 Authorization for repair ......................................................................................................... 64
TR 12.3 Multiple Repairs........................................................................................................................ 64
TR 12.4 Defects removal and preparation for repair .................................................................. 64
TR 13 DOCUMENTATION ........................................................................................................... 65
TR ANNEX A SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WELDING OF CRA PIPELINES AND
CRA-CLAD STEEL PIPELINES ................................................................................................... 66
TR ANNEX B HYPERBARIC WELDING ................................................................................... 66
TR ANNEX C PIN BRAZING AND EXOTHERMIC WELDING OF ANODE LEADS ....... 67
TR ANNEX D BRACH AND FILLET WELDING ON IN-SERVICE PIPELINES .............. 68
TR ANNEX E WELDING OF EUROPEAN ONSHORE NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION
PIPELINES ....................................................................................................................................... 68
TR ANNEX F WELDING OF GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS IN EUROPE ................... 68
ANNEX G AUTOMATIC ULTRASONIC TESTING OF GIRTH WELDS ........................... 69
AP ANNEX L - CORROSION TESTS ......................................................................................... 73
AP ANNEX M - QUALITY SYSTEM ........................................................................................... 76
AP ANNEX N – BATCH TESTING OF WELDING CONSUMABLES .................................. 80

Page 7 of 80
PART I – GENERAL DATA
1. SCOPE
This Specification covers the technical requirements for welding and inspection of girth,
branch and fillet welds for onshore pipelines, and is based on International Standard
ISO 13847:2013 Petroleum and natural gas industries – Pipeline transportation systems
– Welding of pipelines.
This specification is applicable for welding of carbon steel line pipes with Specified
Minimum Yield Strength of 485 MPa (grade X70) or less, with diameter of 20 mm and
larger and wall thickness 3 mm or more. It is also applicable to welding into pipelines of
items such as spools, riser, launchers/receivers, fittings (elbows, tees, barred tees,
sweepolets, weldolets, and others), flanges, pup pieces to pipeline and pup pieces to
valve bodies.
The welding processes covered are shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), gas tungsten
arc welding (GTAW), gas metal arc welding (GMAW), gas-shielded flux-cored arc
welding (G-FCAW) and submerged arc welding (SAW). G-FCAW shall not be used for
root pass. The COMPANY shall previously authorize other welding processes.
For sour service, all requirements specified by ISO standard 15156 1-2 (NACE MR 0175)
shall be applied in combination with the additional requirements of this specification.
This specification is applicable for ppH2S ≤ 1MPa.
Additional requirements for sour service with ppH2S > 1MPa, shall be addressed in a
dedicated project specification.
2. GUIDANCE TO USE
This specification consists of two parts (Part I and Part II).
Part I gives information about the general data and approach used for development of
the specification.
Part II gives amendments and supplements to sections and appendixes of International

Standard ISO 13847:2013; all parts not amended are applicable as written.
In Part II of this specification, the sections and paragraph numbering of ISO

13847:2013 have been used.
The clauses in PART II have been marked with the following abbreviations:
- AP: Denotes that an Additional Paragraph has been enclosed in ISO 13847.
- AR: Denotes that Additional Requirements have been addressed in an existing
paragraph of ISO 13847.
- PM: Denotes a Partial Modification to the requirements stated to an existing
paragraph of ISO 13847.
- TR: Denotes a Total Replacement of an existing paragraph of ISO 13847.

Page 8 of 80
3. REFERENCES
The reference documents (i.e. COMPANY specifications, standards and codes) listed in
Part II form an integral part of this specification.
The order of precedence of the applicable documents shall be:

- Local laws and regulations (if any);
- Project specification;
- this COMPANY’s standard;
- ISO Standard 13847 (2013 edition);
- Other applicable standards and project specifications.
In case of conflict between the requirements stated in this specification and others
specified in the applicable standards, the most stringent requirements shall be applied.
Additional requirements not covered in this specification may be agreed between the
CONTRACTOR and the COMPANY. Should omissions, ambiguity, or incorrect information
exist, they shall be notified as soon as possible by the CONTRACTOR to the COMPANY,
and the COMPANY shall have the right of final decision.
All written responses to the CONTRACTOR from the COMPANY shall be binding.

Page 9 of 80
PART II – AMENDMENTS AND SUPPLEMENT TO ISO 13847:2013
AR1 SCOPE
Requirements specified in PART I – paragraph 1 of this specification shall apply.
AR2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES
BS EN ISO 15653 Fracture Mechanics Toughness Tests Part 2. Method for Determination of
KIc Critical CTOD and Critical J Values of Welds in Metallic Materials.
BS 7910 Guide on Methods for Assessing the Acceptability of Flaws in Fusion welded
metallic structures.
ISO 636 Welding consumables-Rods, wires and deposits for tungsten inert gas
welding of non-alloy and fine grain steels – Classification.
EN 1011-1 Welding - Recommendations for welding of metallic materials. General
guidance for arc welding.
ISO 2400 Non-destructive testing - Ultrasonic testing - Specification for calibration
block No. 1.
ISO 2560 Welding consumables-Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of
non-alloy and fine grain steels-Classification.
ISO 3452-1 Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Part 1: General principles.
ISO 3452-3 Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Part 3: Reference test blocks.
ISO 4063 Welding and allied processes - Nomenclature of processes and reference
numbers.
ISO 5580 Non-destructive testing - Industrial radiographic illuminators - Minimum
requirements.
ISO 6848 Arc welding and cutting - Non-consumable tungsten electrodes
classification.
ISO 7963 Non-destructive testing - Ultrasonic testing - Specification for calibration
block No. 2.
ISO 9606 – 1 Qualification testing of welder - Fusion welding - Part 1: steels.
ISO 11699-1 Non-destructive testing - Industrial radiographic film - Part 1: Classification
of film systems for industrial radiography.
ISO 16699-2 Non-destructive testing - Industrial radiographic films - Part 2: Control of
film processing by means of reference values.
ISO 14171 Welding consumables-Solid wire electrodes, tubular cored electrodes and
electrode/flux combinations for submerged arc welding of non-alloy and
fine grain steels. Classification.
ISO 14341 Welding consumables. Wire electrodes and deposits for gas shielded metal
arc welding of non-alloy and fine grain steels. Classification.
ISO 14344 Welding consumables - Procurement of filler materials and fluxes.
ISO 14731 Welding coordination - Tasks and responsibilities.
ISO 15607 Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials
- General rules.
ISO 15156 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in H2S-containing -
environments in oil and gas production – (part 1 and part 2).
ISO 16811-2 Non-destructive testing - Ultrasonic examination - Part 2: Sensitivity and
range setting.
ISO/IEC 17025 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration
laboratories.
ISO 17065 Conformity assessment — Requirements for bodies certifying products,
processes and services.

Page 10 of 80
ISO 17632 Welding consumables. Tubular cored electrodes for gas shielded and
non-gas shielded metal arc welding of non-alloy and fine grain steels.
Classification.
ISO 17637 Non-destructive testing of welds - Visual testing of fusion-welded joints.
ISO 17638 Non-destructive testing of welds - Magnetic particle testing.
ISO 17639 Destructive test of weld in metallic materials - Macroscopic and
Microscopic examination of welds.
ISO 17640 Non-destructive testing of welds - Ultrasonic testing - Techniques,
testing levels, and assessment.
ASTM G1 Standard Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corrosion
Test Specimens.
ASME II Part C Specifications for Welding Rods, Electrodes, and Filler Metals.
MSS SP-44 Steel Pipeline Flanges.
MSS SP-75 High-Test, Wrought, Butt-Welding Fittings.
MSS SP-97 Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings – Socket Welding,
Threaded, and Butt Welding Ends.
CEN/TR 14748 Non-destructive testing - Methodology for qualification of non-
destructive tests.
EFC-Publication-n°16 Guidelines on material requirements for carbon and low alloy steels for
H2S containing environments in oil and gas production.
NACE TM-01-77 Laboratory Testing of Metals for Resistance to Sulfide Stress Cracking
and Stress Corrosion Cracking in H2S Environments.
DNV-OS-F101 Submarine Pipeline Systems
DNV-RP-F118 Pipe girth weld AUT system qualification and project specific procedure
validation.
API 1104 Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities.
AP2.1 Company Standards

20385.SLI.SPM.FUN Seamless (SMLS) Carbon Steel Line Pipes For Onshore And Offshore
Pipelines.
20386.SLI.SPM.FUN Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welded (SAWL) Carbon Steel Line Pipes
For Onshore And Offshore Pipelines.
20388.SLI.SPM.FUN Functional Specification. High Frequency Welded (HFW) Carbon Steel
Line Pipe for Onshore and Offshore Pipelines.

Page 11 of 80
3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
PM 3.1 approved welder

welder who has fulfilled the requirements of this specification
PM 3.2 approved welding operator

welding operator who has fulfilled the requirements of this specification
PM 3.3 approved WPS

welding procedure specification which has fulfilled the requirements of this specification
PM 3.7 company
COMPANY is Eni S.p.A. and its direct and indirect subsidiaries, branch or affiliate in Italy
and abroad
PM 3.8 contractor
CONTRACTOR is the organization and all its subcontractors appointed by COMPANY to
perform welding and inspection activities covered by this specification
PM 3.10 girth weld

circumferential butt weld in pipeline
AP 3.28 accredited laboratory

mechanical and corrosion test laboratory certified according to ISO/IEC 17025
AP 3.29 branch
an integrally reinforced fitting welded to a run pipe by a butt-joint with full penetration
or branch connection with full penetration, and connected to a branch pipe by welding,
threaded or flanged joint; includes a branch outlet fitting conforming to MSS SP-97
AP 3.30 by agreement
agreed between the COMPANY and the CONTRACTOR
AP 3.31 certification body (Third Party)

certification body certified according to ISO 17065 or equivalent
AP 3.32 discontinued weld

weld partially completed left to cool down to environmental temperature
AP 3.33 fillet weld

partial penetration weld of approximately triangular cross section joining two surfaces
approximately at right angles to each other in a lap joint, tee joint, or corner joint.
AP 3.34 golden weld

any weld that cannot be submitted to hydrotest
AP 3.34 heat input

energy introduced into the weld region during welding per unit run length (to be
calculated according to TR 7.2 of this specification)
AP 3.35 interpass temperature

temperature in a multi-run weld and adjacent parent metal immediately prior to the
application of the next run. It is expressed as minimum and maximum temperature and
shall not be lower than the preheating temperature

Page 12 of 80
AP 3.36 material designed for the project

material of the same steel grade and delivery conditions selected for the specific project
AP 3.37 preheating temperature

the temperature of the work piece in the weld zone immediately prior to any welding
operation. It is expressed as a minimum and is equal to the minimum interpass
temperature
AP 3.38 preliminary Welding Procedure Specification (pWPS)

document containing the required variables of the welding procedure which has to be
qualified
AP 3.39 subcontractor
SUBCONTRACTOR is the organization appointed by the CONTRACTOR to perform
welding and inspection activities covered by this specification
AP 3.40 thermal efficiency (k)

ratio of heat energy introduced into the weld to the electrical energy consumed by the
arc
AP 3.41 Welding Procedure Qualification Record (WPQR)

record comprising all necessary data needed for qualification of a preliminary Welding
Procedure Specification (WPS)
4 SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATED TERMS
AR 4.1 Symbols
ppH2S partial pressure of H2S
k thermal efficiency factor
AR 4.2 Abbreviated terms

AYS Actual Yield Strength
BM Base Metal
CVN Charpy V-Notch
FPBT Four Points Bend Test
HI Heat Input
IWE International Welding Engineer
IWI International Welding Inspector
IWT International Welding Technologist
pWPS preliminary Welding Procedure Specification
RMS Root Mean Square
SSC Sulphide Stress Cracking
WM Weld Metal
WPQR Welding Procedure Qualification Record
WPQT Welding Procedure Qualification Testing

Page 13 of 80
TR 5 COMPLIANCE
CONTRACTOR shall be certified according to the quality requirements of ISO 3834-2 (or
equivalent, if agreed with COMPANY).
The CONTRACTOR is responsible for complying with all of the applicable requirements of
this specification. It is permissible for the COMPANY to make any investigation
necessary in order to ensure the compliance by the CONTRACTOR and to reject any
material that does not comply.

Page 14 of 80
TR 6 INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE COMPANY
The following table outlines COMPANY’s general requirements and options to be agreed
before the contract’s award as per ISO 13847:2013, sect. 6.
COMPANY’s requirements as per this

ISO 13847:2013
specification
a) Items to be specified by COMPANY:
1) documentation of information on the NDT Prior to start the procedure qualification activities
method for test welds (see 7.2) the NDT procedures for test welds shall be
submitted to COMPANY for approval (par. TR 7.1).
2) requirements for all-weld-metal tensile tests (see Additional requirements in accordance with par. PM
Table 1, foot note d) 7.4.3.8.
3) use of full pipe lengths for welding of test pieces Additional requirements in accordance with par. AR
(see 7.3.5.1) 7.3.5.1.
4) energy values and test temperatures for Charpy Additional requirements in accordance with para
impact testing for wall thicknesses greater than AR 7.4.3.5.
25 mm (see 7.4.3.5)
5) permission to transfer WPS between contractors It is not allowed to transfer WPS between
(see 7.6.2) CONTRACTORS. See also par. AR 7.6.2.
6) additional destructive testing of test welds (see In case of sour service, additional hardness testing
8.6.2) is required for welders and welding operators
qualification to be executed in accordance with par.
PM 7.4.3.7.
7) testing of filler material with lot classification and Additional requirements in accordance with clause
extent of testing (see 9.10) AP 7.3.6 and AR 9.10.
8) frequency, extent and method(s) of NDT if To be executed in accordance with par TR 10.1.
different from ISO 13623:2009 (see 10.1)
9) use of mechanized UT equipment (see 10.6.5) Requirements provided in the Annex G.
10) use of ECA (see 11.8) Acceptance criteria shall not be based on ECA (see
TR 11.8).
11) weld repair from inside of the pipe (see 12.2) Not permitted (see TR 12.2).
12) permission for repair-on-repair welding (see Permitted only if approved by COMPANY in non-
12.3) sour service. Not permitted in case of sour service.
13) tests to demonstrate adequate corrosion ISO 13847:2013 Annex A is not applicable.
resistance of the weld in service (see Clause A.2)
14) additional safety measures for in-service ISO 13847:2013 Annex D is not applicable.
welding based on service fluid (see Clause D.1)
15) deletion of transverse notches for detection of See Annex TR G.4.1.
transverse defects (see G.4.1)
16) additional qualification when applying See Annex TR G.4.2.
workmanship criteria (see G.4.2)
17) other NDT method for comparison of AUT See Annex TR G.4.2.
indications (see G.4.2)
18) applicability of Annex E (see Clause E.1) ISO 13847:2013 Annex E is not applicable.
19) supplementary applicable national standards or ISO 13847:2013 Annex E is not applicable.
codes (see Clause E.1)
20) proportion of different NDE techniques (see ISO 13847:2013 Annex E is not applicable.
Table E.1, footnote a)
21) number of welds to be additionally examined ISO 13847:2013 Annex E is not applicable.
when one weld is rejected (see E.3.1)

Page 15 of 80

ISO 13847:2013
specification
22) applicability of Annex F (see Clause F.1) ISO 13847:2013 Annex F is not applicable.
b) Additional COMPANY requirements:
1) use of ISO 3834 or an alternative standard for A quality system addressing the quality
quality requirements, if applicable (see Clause 5) requirements of ISO 3834-2 shall be applied.
2) use of an alternative standard for WPS approval Not permitted.
(see 7.1)
3) approval of inspector (internal or external) Third Party shall be approved by the COMPANY.
and/or third party for WPS qualification welding
and testing (see 7.1)
4) use of materials for welding of test pieces in Only materials designed for the project shall be
accordance with ISO 15614-1:2004 (see 7.1) used for test welds.
In case of sour service, all materials shall be from
the same manufacturer.
5) extent of inspection and testing of test pieces for See par. TR 7.4.4.
approval of WPS for branch and fillet welds (see
7.4.4)
6) waiving requirements for impact testing for pipe Test not required for pipe with t ≤ 6 mm as per
with t ≤ 6 mm or SMYS < 360 MPa (see Table 1, Table 1, footnote c).
footnote b)
7) if applicable, locations of test specimens made Test specimen location shall be according to par.
by a combination of uphill and downhill welding AR 7.4.
(see 7.4.3.1)
8) degassing of test specimens made using Not applicable.
cellulosic-coated electrodes (see 7.4.3.2)
9) permission for hardness retesting (see 7.4.3.7) Hardness retesting is not permitted in case of Sour
Service.
10) permissible increase in values for CE or CEpcm See par. TR 7.6.3.2.
for sour service (see 7.6.3.2)
11) use of other type of line up clamp as used Not permitted.
during qualification (see 7.6.4.12)
12) requirements for approval of a WPS for repair Each WPS for repair welding shall be qualified
welding (see 7.7) separately according to the same test required for
butt welds. Internal repair is not permitted. Partial
thickness and full thickness repairs shall be
qualified for each welding procedure. See also par.
TR 7.7.
13) period of WPS validity (see 7.8) Period of WPS validity in accordance with par. TR
7.8.
14) use of another recognized standard for welders Additional requirements in accordance with par. TR
and welding operators approval (see 8.1) 8.1.
15) use and properties of flat plate material for joint See par. 8.5.1.3.
simulation (see 8.5.1.3)
16) use of alternative NDT method (see 8.6.1) Not permitted. See also par. 8.6.1.
17) re-test of welder or welding operator after Not permitted. See also par. TR 8.7.
second failure (see 8.7)
18) movement of the weld after completion of the Not permitted until both the root and hot passes
root (see 9.6) have been completed.
19) selection of electrodes and filler materials (see Additional requirements in accordance with par. AR
9.10) 9.10.
20) repair of arc strikes (see 9.13) Repair by welding of pipe material affected by
accidental arc strikes is not permitted. See also
par. TR 9.13.

Page 16 of 80

ISO 13847:2013
specification
21) the minimum number of passes to be completed Welds shall not be left partially completed unless
before interrupting welding (see 9.18) as specified in par. AP 7.3.9 and TR 9.18.
22) numbering system for production welds (see Full traceability shall be guarantee and recorded
9.20) for welds, welders, NDT and all constitutional base
materials of the pipeline. See also par. TR 9.20.
23) use of gamma-ray (see 10.5.1) Not permitted. See also par. TR 10.5.1.
24) use of DC prods (see 10.7) Not permitted.
25) use of permanent magnets or DC-yokes (see Not permitted.
10.7)
26) retention period and location of records (see According to contract requirement (minimum 10
Clause 13) years).
27) additional CEN requirements and/or equivalent ISO 13847:2013 Annex E is not applicable.
ISO standards for ISO standards in Annex E (see
Clause E.1)
28) the method(s) for NDT (see E.3.2) ISO 13847:2013 Annex E is not applicable.
29) applicable image quality class (see E.3.2) ISO 13847:2013 Annex E is not applicable.
30) standard for welder and welding operator ISO 13847:2013 Annex F is not applicable.
approval (see Clause F.3)
31) use of socket joints (see Clause F.4) Use of socket joint is not permitted in sour service.
ISO 13847:2013 Annex F is not applicable.
32) use of alignment aids and similar temporary ISO 13847:2013 Annex F is not applicable.
attachments (see Clause F.4)

Page 17 of 80
7 WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION AND QUALIFICATION

REQUIREMENTS
TR 7.1 General
The WPS shall be specified in accordance with par. TR 7.2, signed and approved by
CONTRACTOR’s Welding Engineer before the issue to COMPANY for approval.
To qualify a WPS the test pieces shall be welded, inspected and tested in accordance
with ISO 15614-1, and with the additional requirement of par. 7.3 and AR 7.4 of this
specification.
The welding and testing for WPS qualification shall be witnessed by an international
recognized Third Party approved by the COMPANY. The same Third Party shall certify all
WPQRs.
All welding procedures shall be qualified using the material designed for the project and
supplied in accordance with the project material specifications.
Previously approved and qualified welding procedures are not acceptable.
PWHT shall be applied only with COMPANY approval. In case the PWHT is approved,
base and filler materials shall be provided with material properties guaranteed in the
“simulated“ PWHT condition.
In case of PWHT is required, each welding procedure shall be qualified in the following
simulated PWHT conditions:
- Minimum simulated PWHT corresponding to the minimum number of PWHT to be

applied in production. At least 1 (one) simulated PWHTs shall be foreseen;
- Maximum simulated PWHT corresponding to the maximum number of PWHT to
be applied in production. At least 2 (two) simulated PWHTs shall be foreseen.
Prior to start with welding of test pieces for qualification, at least 30 days before, the
CONTRACTOR shall submit to COMPANY the following documents for approval:
- Preliminary WPS (pWPS) endorsed and signed by CONTRACTOR’s Welding

Engineer;
- NDT procedures;
- Preheating procedure (see also par. AP 7.3.7);
- WPQT procedure and test specimens’ location (Annex M.2).
Before starting the welding procedure qualification, CONTRACTOR shall have all pWPSs
approved by COMPANY with the statement “Approved for qualification”.
NDT procedures shall be reviewed and endorsed by a Level III NDT as per ISO 9712.
The Level III qualification certificate shall be included in the documentation submitted.
All activities related to welding and testing for qualification shall be coordinated by the
CONTRACTOR’s welding coordinator or other internal inspector or qualified
representative.
CONTRACTOR shall give to the COMPANY, at least 30 days in advance, notice of all
welding procedure qualification testing, welder qualification testing, and laboratory
testing.

Page 18 of 80
COMPANY, or its representative, shall have the right to witness all of the following:
- welding procedure qualifications;

- production welding, testing, and inspection;
- welder qualification testing;
- laboratory testing or examination.
After satisfactory completion of the WPQT, a final WPS shall be produced. This shall be
based on the pWPS, which shall be modified to reflect any changes that were recorded
during the qualification tests and reported in the WPQR.
Prior to the start of production welding, the reference WPSs and supporting WPQRs shall
be submitted to the COMPANY for approval.
Review and approval of the welding procedures by the COMPANY does not relieve the
CONTRACTOR of the responsibility to produce satisfactory welds.
All relevant COMPANY approved WPSs shall be displayed at each work locations and
shall be readily available to each welder in English and in the welders’ working language
if different from English as considered appropriate.
TR 7.2 Welding procedure specification

The WPS shall comply with ISO 15609-1 and shall contain, at least, all the following
technical information:
- manufacturer of each base material, only for sour service;

- steel grade and delivery condition in accordance with ISO 3183;
- maximum CE and CEpcm qualified;
- manufacturer, trade name, classification and heat/batch of welding consumables;
- preheating method and reference procedure;
- minimum and maximum interpass temperature;
- heat input range for each weld pass;
- shielding gas flow rate and composition;
- number of welders for each weld pass;
- type and model of welding equipment, only for mechanized and automatic
welding;
- dimensions and tolerances of angles, root face and root gap for each groove
configuration;
- maximum time lapse between start of root pass and start of second (hot) pass;
- type of line-up clamp;
- extent of welding required before removal of line-up clamp or other line-up
device;
- type of tack welding and method for removal;
- part of weld to be completed before joint is permitted to cool to ambient
temperature;
- method for control of cooling;
- action required for partially completed welds;
- number of passes and welding sequence for each thickness;
- wire speed for specific weld passes, only for mechanized or semi-mechanized
application;
- maximum oscillation amplitude for specific weld passes, also for manual
processes;
- PWHT method and reference to the application specific procedure when required;
- PWHT parameters (holding temperature range, holding time range, heating and
cooling rates), when required.

Page 19 of 80
WPSs for repair welding shall include the following information, in addition to the
requirements applicable for a WPS for production welding:
- type of repair (see par. TR 7.7 of this specification);

- method of removal of the defect, preparation and design of the repair weld
excavation;
- minimum repair depth and length;
- minimum ligament;
- reference to repair procedure (see AP Annex M.10).
The following general information shall be also included in all WPSs:
- contract number and project title;

- revision number;
- CONTRACTOR's Logo;
- CONTRACTOR's welding engineer signature for approval.
A procedure for welding parameters recording and heat input calculation shall be issued
for COMPANY approval and shall be applied during both qualification and production.
A dedicated independent system shall be used to record the following welding

parameters during qualification:
- Welding Voltage;
- Welding Current;
- Welding speed;
- Heat Input.
All the registrations shall be annexed to the WPQR.
During production, such system is required only for mechanized welding and automatic
welding.
The average value per pass of each welding parameter (voltage, current and welding
speed) shall be calculated considering the reference recorded data along the entire
length of the test piece.
In case of pulsed arc, the RMS value shall be the reference value for heat input
calculation. The reference electrical parameter (i.e. peak current, base current, duty
cycle, etc.) shall be recorded in the WPQR and reported in the WPS.
All average values shall be written in the certificate and used to calculate the heat input
per each pass as per the following formula:
V ⋅I
HI = k ⋅ ⋅ 10 −3
6 ⋅ vs
where:
HI is the heat input (KJ/mm);
k is the thermal efficiency factor (according to EN1011-1);
V is the average welding voltage per pass (V);
I is the average welding current per pass (A);
vs is the average welding speed per pass (cm/min).
Welding parameters shall be measured as close as possible to the arc.

Page 20 of 80
A different approach for the Heat Input evaluation during WPQT and relevant qualified
range calculation shall be approved by COMPANY.
7.3 Welding of test piece

AR 7.3.1 Preliminary WPS (pWPS)
For sour service, minimum two passes (root and hot passes) shall be completed before
cooling to below preheat temperature.
Accelerated cooling of the weld shall be performed during qualification welding if

accelerated weld cooling, e.g. for AUT, will be performed in production.
The cooling method and the weld temperature at the start of the cooling shall be
recorded. A macro and hardness test shall be taken at cooling start point. The weld
temperature at the start of the cooling shall be selected in order to avoid any effect on
the microstructure and mechanical properties of joints (WM and HAZ).
AR 7.3.2 Test welding conditions

Test weld conditions and equipment shall be described in the WPQT procedure.
All welding equipment, fit-up, preheating and temperature maintaining shall be the
same or representative of the equipment used in production.
For mechanized and semi-automatic welding, all equipment, welding machine and tools
used during WPQT shall be of the same manufacturers and model to be applied during
production.
AR 7.3.4 Tack Welds

Restriction on applicability of tack welding in production are specified in paragraph TR
9.8 of this specification.
AR 7.3.5.1 Girth welds

The minimum length of each pup piece used during qualification shall be 1.0 m or 1.5
pipe diameters, whichever is the greater.
The minimum length of test rings for the WPQT tests of fittings and flanges shall be
agreed with COMPANY.
When an internal line-up clamp will be used in production welding, the length of the test
piece used in the WPQT shall be sufficient to accommodate the full length of the clamp.
TR 7.3.5.2 Branch Connection and fillet welds

Test pieces for the approval of a WPS for welding branch connections or fillet welds shall
be of the shape and dimensions specified in ISO 15614-1.
Welding procedure for Sweepolets shall be qualified by branch type test piece
representative for the Sweepolet to run pipe joints to be realized in production. An
additional butt-weld test pieces shall be prepared to cover the weld between the
Sweepolet and the run pipe and to cover the weld between the Sweepolet and the
branch pipe.
Welding procedure for Weldolets shall be qualified by branch type test piece
representative for the Weldolet to run pipe joints to be realized in production. An
additional butt-weld test pieces shall be prepared to cover the weld between the

Page 21 of 80
Weldolet and the run pipe and to cover the weld between the Sweepolet and the branch
pipe.
TR 7.3.5.3 Welds between different materials

For the approval of a WPS, the test pieces may be welded using two different materials
(e.g. different supply condition and also different manufacturer for sour service),
provided the test pieces can guarantee sufficient material for all the testing required for
each material.
EXAMPLE: A weld between thermal mechanically controlled pipe and a quenched and
tempered forged flange shall be subject to mechanical testing on both sides of the weld.
AP 7.3.6 Selection and testing of filler metals

Inspection documents for filler materials shall be in accordance with ISO 10474,
inspection certificate 3.1; as minimum chemical analysis of undiluted, all weld metal
shall be tested for each heat/lot. Additional requirements of this specification shall be
met.
Each heat and lot, or so-called batch herein as per classification according to ISO
14344, shall meet the following:
- Covered electrodes: class C4;
- Bare solid electrodes and rods: class S3;
- Flux cored electrodes and metal cored electrodes and rods: class T3;
- Fluxes for submerged arc welding: class F2.
The level of testing shall be as per ISO 14344 - Schedule 3 as a minimum.
Covered electrodes and filler wires shall produce weld metal with a tensile test strength
at least equal to the specified minimum tensile strength of the pipe metal. In case of
joints between dissimilar materials, the tensile strength of the weld metal shall not be
less than the highest specified minimum tensile strength of the two base metals.
In case of Sour Service, the Nickel (Ni) content shall not exceed 1.0% in weight for all
consumables.
The use of C-½ Mo consumables is not permitted.
The use of cellulosic coated electrodes is not permitted.
AP 7.3.7 Preheating and temperature maintaining

Pipe shall be heated in accordance with a written procedure, that shall be preliminary
submitted to COMPANY for approval, consistent with the requirements of ISO 13916 and
this specification (see also AP Annex AP M.6).
Preheating shall be applied by gas or electrical means to achieve and maintain a

satisfactory temperature distribution, to prevent interference with the welding operation
and to avoid damage to coatings.
For sour service, preheating by gas means shall be used only if electrical means
application is not practicable and after COMPANY approval.
The preheating temperature shall be maintained throughout the entire welding

operations.

Page 22 of 80
Special care shall be apply in order to prevent any damage to the coating.
The specified temperature shall extend around the entire circumference of the pipe or
the part being joined over a length of at least 75 mm on each side of the joint.
The preheating temperature shall be reached before starting the first weld pass (root),
and recorded by contact thermocouples to be fixed at 6 o’clock position of the test piece
(one thermocouple for each side).
Preheating technique applied for the welding test (WPQT) shall be the same utilized in
production.
AP 7.3.8 Local post-weld heat treatment

The PWHT parameters (holding time, holding temperature range, heating and cooling
rates) defined in par. TR 9.19.3 of this specification shall be defined according to the
recommendation of the base material manufacturer.
Each test piece for qualification shall be locally heat treated according to the same
PWHT procedure (insulating systems, heating equipment, temperature registration etc.)
applied on production welds.
AP 7.3.9 Qualification of partially completed weld

Partially completed weld, pipe to pipe only, shall be qualified by simulating interruption
and cooling down to environmental temperature during the test piece welding for
procedure qualification.
Before interruption the weld metal deposit shall be within 1/3 and 2/3 of the parent
metal wall thickness. In any case welding shall not be interrupted before the completion
of the root and hot passes.
Welds of pipe to fitting, fillet, branches and repairs shall not be interrupted; the
preheating temperature shall be maintained until completion of the weld.
AP 7.3.10 Additional requirement for welding processes

Automatic and semi-automatic welding systems may be proposed by CONTRACTOR
supported by field proven experience. In any case, COMPANY reserves the right to
require qualification of the proposed welding system by a dedicated welding test
campaign including NDT and mechanical tests.
For manual welding, in case of sour service, root pass shall be performed by GTAW
process only. Other welding process can be used only if approved by COMPANY.
Permanent and temporary backing (eg. copper shoes, ceramic shoes) are not permitted.
For manual welding, basic coated low hydrogen electrodes shall be used.
AR 7.4 Inspection and testing of test pieces

Mechanical tests shall be performed by accredited laboratory according to ISO/IEC
17025; COMPANY can reserve the right to witness the tests.

Page 23 of 80
TR 7.4.1 Scope of inspection and testing

The extent of inspection and testing of test pieces for the approval of a WPS for girth
welding shall be in accordance with the following Table 1.
For full thickness repair, macro-examination and hardness tests on the test piece with
the single root pass can be omitted only in case the same procedure have been already
tested during the butt weld qualification.
Table 1 – Inspection and testing of the test pieces for girth welding
Type of inspection/test Extent of inspection/testing

VT 100 % internal and external
RT + MUT a or AUT b 100 %
Trasverse tensile test 2 specimens
Impact test c For welding two pipes of the same base
material type (A-A);
• 3 sets for t ≤ 20 mm
• 6 sets for t > 20 mm
For welding two different base material

types (pipes A-B or pipe-to-fitting);
• 5 sets for t ≤ 20 mm
• 10 sets for t > 20 mm
Macro-examination and hardness test 3 specimens.
1 specimen on the cross section between
the long seam weld and girth weld
Micro-examination 1 specimen full thickness
Bend test d 4 specimens
All-weld-metal tensile test 1 specimen
SSC test - FPBT as per NACE TM-0177 A 3 sets of specimen, stress transverse to
solution or, if required by COMPANY, at girth weld (refer to AP Annex L and figure
project specific conditions e. 2a for specimen locations)
a) Manual UT (in addition to RT) only for mechanized or automatic welding processes.
b) Automatic UT shall be subject to approval, qualification and validation of the inspection
procedure by COMPANY. AUT inspection shall be in accordance with Annex G of this
specification.
c) Test not required for pipe with t ≤ 6 mm.
d) For t < 12 mm, the total number of bends tests shall be split evenly between root and
face bends. For t ≥ 12 mm, side bend tests are required.
e) SSC test requirements as per AP Annex L of this specification only in case of Sour
Service.
PM 7.4.2 Non-Destructive testing

All test pieces shall be examined visually and non-destructively in accordance with par.
TR 10 following any required PWHT and prior to cutting of the test specimens.
Test welds for the approval of a WPS shall be subjected to NDT no sooner than 24 hours
after completion of welding.
The NDT shall be reported in accordance with par. TR 10 of this specification and the
results shall meet the acceptance criteria in par. TR 11.

Page 24 of 80
AR 7.4.3.1 Cutting of test specimens

CONTRACTOR shall submit a detailed cut plan/map (accounting for cutting and
specimen dimensions) to ensure sufficient welds are produced including availability for
retests.
Test specimens shall be taken from test pieces, which have met the acceptance criteria
for NDT.
Test pieces that fail to meet these criteria shall be disregarded for destructive testing for
WPS approval.
Test specimens may be taken from locations free of acceptable imperfections revealed
by NDT.
To avoid weld imperfections in the test specimen, the location of test specimen may be
rotated by not more than 15 degrees provided the longitudinal seam is avoided (except
in case of specific requirements).
Locations of test specimens shall be in accordance with Figures 1 to 3.
1
6 1
5
3
Location Specimen types

1 1 all weld metal tensile / 1 transverse tensile / 2 bend test
2 Impact test (WM/FL/FL+2)
3 1 transverse tensile / 2 bend test
4 Impact test (WM/FL/FL+2)
5/6 If insufficient material is available in areas 1 and 3, material may be taken
from area 5 and 6
Figure 1 - Location of test specimens for impact, tensile and bend test

Page 25 of 80

1 1 Macro / 1 Hardness test transversal
2 1 Macro / 1 Hardness test transversal
3 1 Macro / 1 Hardness test transversal / 1 Micro
4 1 Macro / 1 Hardness test transversal (cross section seam weld)
Figure 2 - Location of test specimens for macro, micro and hardness tests

1 SSC test - 3 sets of 2 transversal specimens - 1 one for root and 1 for
mid thickness)
Figure 2a - Location of test specimens for SSC tests
Location of test specimens, specified in table 1 of this specification, shall be forwarded

to COMPANY for approval prior to start with welding test together with WPQT procedure
(see AP Annex M.2).

Page 26 of 80
If more than one test piece is required for qualification, each test piece shall be welded
according to the same pWPS to be qualified and using the same base material and the
same welder/s.
Welding parameters shall be recorded for each test pieces.
TR 7.4.3.2 Degassing of test specimens

Degassing is not permitted.
PM 7.4.3.3 Test temperature

Destructive testing shall be performed at ambient temperature except for impact testing
(see TR 7.4.3.5). For design temperatures greater than 75°C, consideration shall be
given to performing elevated-temperature tensile tests (transversal and all weld metal
tests).
TR 7.4.3.4 Transversal tensile testing

Transverse tensile specimens shall be prepared and tested in accordance with ISO
4136.
For pipes with outside diameter greater than 50 mm, the weld reinforcement shall be
removed on both faces of the specimen. Removal of the reinforcement is not required
for specimens from pipe with an outside diameter of 50 mm or less.
If testing full-section small-diameter pipes, the weld reinforcement may be left

undressed on the inside surface of the pipe if removal of the reinforcement is not
possible.
Specimens shall fail in the pipe material, outside the weld metal or FL/HAZ, at the
specified minimum tensile strength of pipe material (base metal) or higher.
When different material grades are joined, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint shall
be at least equal to the specified minimum tensile strength for the lower grade.
Failure of specimens outside the weld or fusion zone at less than 100% of the specified
minimum tensile strength may be an indication of a base material deficiency, and 2
(two) additional specimens shall be cut from the same test joint for tensile testing.
If any of the additional specimens break outside the weld metal or FL/HAZ, below the
tensile strength stated, the pipe shall be considered suspect, and its physical properties
investigated and confirmed to meet specified values before continuing with test welding
for WPS approval.
Failure of specimens at less than 100% of the specified minimum tensile strength shall
be reported to the COMPANY.

Page 27 of 80
TR 7.4.3.5 Impact testing

Charpy V-notch specimens shall be sampled from 1 mm to 2 mm below the surface of
the parent metal and transverse to the weld direction, as indicated in Figure 3a) and
3b), plus the additional FL+2 mm position.
Full-size Charpy specimens shall be utilized where pipe wall thickness permits.
A single impact test set shall comprise three test specimens.
For weld metal tests, the specimen notch shall be at the weld centreline.
For HAZ tests the notch shall be placed at a location that results in a test containing 1/3
weld metal and 2/3 base material.
For fusion line +2 mm test, the specimen shall be placed at the same location of the
HAZ test specimen shifted 2 mm to the side of the base material.
Specimen dimensions and test procedure shall be in accordance with ISO 148-1.
The test temperature shall not exceed the test temperature specified for the base
materials.
In case of test piece welded between different base materials, CVN specimens shall be
taken on both sides.
Retesting shall be in compliance with ISO 15614-1 requirements.
The test temperature shall not be higher than the impact test temperature specified for
pipe material.
For welds in pipe with a wall thickness of 25 mm or less, the average and single Charpy
V-notch toughness at each position shall not be less than that specified for the base
material in the transverse direction (KVT values) and ISO 13847, whichever is more
stringent.
The above impact energy value requirements may be reduced pro rata for sub-size
specimens in accordance with the following formula:
Where:
E is the Charpy V-notch energy defined in this code;

En is the measured sub-size Charpy V-notch energy;
An is the specimen cross-sectional area (mm2) at the specimen notch.
Charpy-V energy values and test temperatures for wall thicknesses greater than 25 mm
shall be agreed between COMPANY and CONTRACTOR.

Page 28 of 80
Notch location: FL + 2 mm
Fig 3a) – Positions of Charpy-V-notch specimens for wall thickness ≤ 20 mm

Page 29 of 80

Page 30 of 80
Fig 3b) – Positions of Charpy-V-notch specimens for wall thickness > 20 mm
TR 7.4.3.6 Macro and micro-examination

Specimens and method of macro and micro-examination for the approval of a WPS shall
be in accordance with EN ISO 17639.
The specimens shall be free from cracks and lack of fusion. Any other imperfections
shall be within the limits specified in par. 11.
Macro-sections shall be visually examined using a magnification lens of at least X5 to

ensure good weld profile and absence of out-of-tolerances imperfections.
Photographic documentation showing the entire sample with the hardness survey indent
locations shall be included in the WPQR.

Page 31 of 80
Micro-examination (at 200x and 500x) shall be performed and documented in the root
area of the test piece, and shall include a detailed micro-structural examination of weld
metal, fusion line and heat affected zones (for information only).
PM 7.4.3.7 Hardness testing

Hardness testing shall be in accordance with ISO 6507-1 using the Vickers method with
a test force of 98.07 N.
Hardness testing shall be performed on each macro examination specimens required in

Table 1 of this specification.
Photographic documentation showing the indentation locations shall be included in the

WPQR.
Hardness shall be measured and recorded in rows across the weld metal, the HAZ and
the parent metal as indicated:
- In ISO 15156-2 for sour service;

- In ISO 9015-1 for non-sour service.
For the HAZ, the first indentation shall be made as close as possible to the fusion line.
The results from all hardness testing required in the specification shall meet the
requirements specify in the following Table 2:
Table 2 – Permissible maximum hardness values
Weld metal Heat Affected Zone

Hardness location
HV10 HV10
Root Mid Cover Root Mid Cover
Sour service, all welding t≤9 mm 250 250 250 250 250 250
processes t>9 mm 250 250 275 250 250 275
Non-sour service, all welding 275 N/A 275 325 N/A 325
processes, all thickness
Average hardness value shall be calculated considering only the readings performed on
the same row within the same weld region (WM, HAZ left side and HAZ right side).
Hardness test on parent metal is for information only.
In case of non sour service, if there are single hardness values in the different test
zones (weld metal, HAZ) that do not meet the requirements of Table 2, re-testing shall
be carried out on the reverse side of the tested specimen or after grinding and re-
preparation of the tested surface. None of these additional hardness values shall exceed
the maximum value of Table 2.
In case of sour service, hardness re-testing is not permitted.

Page 32 of 80
PM 7.4.3.8 All-weld metal tensile testing

Test specimens for AWT shall be prepared and tested in accordance with ISO 5178.
Full strain curves shall be provided.
The measured yield strength shall be greater than or equal to the SMYS of the parent
pipe metal and shall not exceed the SMYS of the parent pipe metal plus 100 MPa.
The measured ultimate tensile strength shall be recorded for information only.
AP 7.4.3.9 Bend testing

Specimens and testing for bend testing for girth joints shall be in accordance with ISO
5173. For thicknesses < 12 mm two root and two face bend test specimens shall be
tested.
For thicknesses ≥ 12mm four side bend specimens are required instead of root and face
bend tests.
Bend test specimens shall be full wall thickness.
The diameter of the former shall be 4ts and the bending angle shall be 180° for parent
metal with elongation A ≥ 20%. For parent metal with elongation A < 20% the following
formula shall be applied:
(100 × ts )
d= − ts
A
where:
d is the diameter of the former;
ts is the thickness of the bend test specimen;
A is the minimum tensile elongation required by the material specification.
The bend test shall be considered acceptable if no crack or other imperfection exceeding
3 mm, in any direction, is present in the weld or between the weld and the fusion zone
after bending.
Cracks that originate on the outer radius of the bend along the edges of the specimen
during testing and that are less than 6 mm, measured in any direction, shall not be
considered unless welding imperfections are observed.
Each specimen subjected to the bend test shall meet the above requirements.
AP 7.4.3.10 Sulfide Stress Corrosion - SSC

In case of sour service, SSC test shall be carried out for each WPQT.
Details, test description, specimens’ location and preparation, testing requirements,

testing conditions and results evaluation are specified in AP Annex L.

Page 33 of 80
TR 7.4.4 Destructive testing – Branch and fillet welds

The extent of inspection and testing of test pieces for the approval of a WPS for branch
connections shall be in accordance with Table A.1 for branch type test pieces and with
Table A.2 for the additional butt-weld test pieces.
Table A.1 - Inspection and testing of the test pieces for branch type test pieces

VT 100%
MUT 100%
RT 100% only for butt-welds (e.g. Sweepolet
connection)
MT 100 %
Macro-examination and hardness test 4 equi-spaced specimens
Table A.2 - Inspection and testing of the test pieces for additional butt-weld
test pieces

VT 100 %
RT 100 %
MUT 100 %
Transverse tensile test 2 specimens
Impact test a 5 sets for t ≤ 20 mm (WM, FL, FL + 2
mm)
10 sets for t > 20 mm (WM, FL, FL + 2
mm)
Macro-examination and hardness test 2 specimens
Bend test b 4 specimens
SSC test - FPBT as per NACE TM-0177 1 sets of specimens transverse to butt
A solution or, if required by COMPANY, weld (2 transversal specimens, 1 one for
at project specific conditions c. root and 1 for mid) only in case of Sour
Service
a) Test not required for pipe with t < 6 mm. See also para TR 7.4.3.5.
b) For t < 12 mm, the total number of bends shall be split evenly between root and face
bends. For t ≥ 12 mm, side bend tests are required.
c) SSC test requirements as per Annex L of this specification. Specimens to be taken from
weld location corresponding to the minimum heat input. SSC test not required for welding
procedure qualification of fillet welds.
The extent of inspection and testing of test pieces for the approval of a WPS for fillet
welding shall be in accordance with the following Table B.1 for fillet weld test pieces and
with the previous Table A.2 for the additional butt-weld test pieces.

Page 34 of 80
Table B.1 - Inspection and testing of the test pieces for fillet weld

VT 100 %
MT 100 %
Macro-examination and hardness 4 equi-spaced specimens
test a
Fracture testing see below
a) Location of hardness indentations in fillet welds shall comply with ISO 9015-1. Hardness values
of the test specimens shall not exceed those given in Table 2 of this specification for cover position.
If impact tests cannot be taken from the additional butt-weld test piece, fracture tests
are required from the actual fillet weld.
For pipe with a diameter of 168.3 mm or less, two fracture test specimens shall be
taken from the test piece. Four specimens shall be taken for pipe with a diameter above
168.3 mm.
The specimens shall be taken from diametrically opposed positions around the
circumference.
Fracture tests shall be performed by breaking specimens with the root of the weld in
tension, using one of the following methods:
- supporting both ends and striking the center of the specimen; or
- gripping one end and striking the other.
The exposed surface of each broken specimen shall be free from cracks, lack of fusion
and lack of penetration. The presence of other imperfections in the weld metal shall be
within the following limits.
a) Gas pores: The greatest dimension of any single pore shall not exceed 20% of the
wall thickness or 3 mm, whichever is smaller. The combined area of all pores shall not
exceed 5% of the affected area.
b) Inclusions: Individual inclusions shall not be greater than 1 mm in depth and 3 mm

or 50% of the wall thickness in length, whichever is less. There shall be at least 12 mm
of sound metal between adjacent inclusions.
TR 7.5 Re-testing
PM 7.5.1 General
A new preliminary WPS shall be prepared for approval testing in case a test piece
fails to comply with the requirements of this specification.
AR 7.5.2 Re-testing for approval of WPS

In case of failure to meet the requirements for destructive testing in par. TR 7.4.3
and par. TR 7.4.4, CONTRACTOR shall immediately notify the test result to the
COMPANY.
The reason for the failure shall be investigated and reported by the CONTRACTOR
before any re-testing is performed.

Page 35 of 80
If the investigation reveals that the test results are influenced by improper sampling,
machining, preparation, treatment or testing, the test sample and specimen (as
relevant) shall be replaced by two further test specimens correctly prepared
(obtained for each test specimen that failed) and retested.
A destructive test failing to meet the specified requirements shall be rejected if the
reason for failure cannot be related to improper sampling, machining, preparation,
and treatment or testing of specimens.
Re-testing of a test failing to meet the specified requirements shall only be performed
subject to agreement.
Re-testing for tensile and Charpy V-notch tests shall be in accordance with ISO
15614-1 requirements.
Hardness re-testing shall be as per par. TR 7.4.3.7. In sour service hardness re-
testing is not permitted.
SSC re-testing is addressed in AP Annex L.

Page 36 of 80
7.6 Essential variables and range of approval

TR 7.6.1 General
An approved WPS shall be applied during production welding within the ranges for the
essential variables specified in this specification.
A change in one or more of the essential variables beyond the specified range requires
the approval of another WPS in accordance with this specification.
TR 7.6.2 Related to the contractor

An approved WPS shall be valid in accordance with this specification.
Transfer of an approved WPS between CONTRACTORS is not allowed.
TR 7.6.3 Related to the material

The approved WPS for girth, branch and fillet welds covers only joints with base
materials (pipes, fittings and forgings) having:
- the same steel grade;

- the same delivery condition;
- the same manufacturer (only for sour service);
- CE not exceeding the respective CE qualified in the supporting WPQR + 0.030;
- CEpcm not exceeding the respective CEpcm qualified in the supporting WPQR +
0.020;
- the thickness as per par. TR 7.6.3.4;
- the pipe diameter as per TR 7.6.3.5.
TR 7.6.3.1 Steel grade

Any change in steel grade requires a requalification.
PM 7.6.3.2 Chemical composition

Replace second paragraph by:
Based on product analysis, the CE value may be increased by a maximum of 0.030 or

the CEpcm value by a maximum of 0.020.
TR 7.6.3.4 thickness
For girth welding, the approved pipe thickness range shall be as follow:
For non-sour service:

- t ≤ 25 mm: a change outside 0.75 t to 1.5 t;
- t > 25 mm: a change outside 0.75 t to 1.25 t.
For sour service:

- a change outside the thickness interval 0.75 t to 1.25 t.
For branch and fillet welding, the approved thickness range shall be as specified in ISO
15614-1.

Page 37 of 80
AR 7.6.3.5 Pipe diameter
Only the welding test diameters are qualified for mechanized or automatic girth welds.
For branch and fillet welds, the diameter range shall be as specified in ISO 15614-1.
PM 7.6.4.1 Welding process

NOTE For multi-process procedures, the welding procedure qualification shall not be
carried out with separate procedure tests for each welding process.
PM 7.6.4.2 Welding positions

Modify sentences in this clause by:
The welding positions in Figure 4 of ISO 13847 shall apply.
For girth, branch and fillet welding, an approved WPS shall be used for the welding
positions as specified in Table 4.
A variation in the pipe angle up to ± 15° is admitted for each welding position.
AR 7.6.4.4 Type of joint

The approved WPS is valid only for the type of joint qualified in the supporting WPQR.
AR 7.6.4.5 Filler metal

Any change in type of filler metals (manufacturer, trade name, classification) shall
require re-qualification of the applicable WPS according to TR 7.4 of this specification.
In addition, in case of sour service, batch is an essential variable for all filler metals.
Any change in batch of filler metals shall require Batch Testing or WPS re-qualification.
Batch Testing shall be performed in accordance with Annex N of this specification.
TR 7.6.4.6 Type of current

Only the type of current applied for each specific WPQR is qualified.
TR 7.6.4.7 Arc Energy

For non-sour service, the arc energy average value for each pass shall range within
15% below the average value qualified and 15% above the average value qualified in
the corresponding pass in the supporting WPQR.
For sour service, the arc energy average value for each pass shall range within 10%
below the average value qualified, and 10% above the average value qualified in the
corresponding pass in the supporting WPQR.
Any weld produced with arc energy exceeding the above listed restriction shall be
rejected and completely removed from the pipeline.
If multiple test pieces are necessary for qualifying a pWPS (i.e. where the size of the
test piece will not allow extraction of test specimens in the correct locations), based on
recorded parameters for all test pieces, the lowest and highest average arc energy
values shall be defined for each pass.

Page 38 of 80
The maximum arc energy variation between the lowest and highest for the different test
pieces shall not exceed 20% for each pass.
The tolerance above specified, for non-sour (i.e. ±15%) and sour service (i.e. ±10%),
shall be applied on the lowest and highest arc energy values provided that:
- Hardness test specimens are taken from the test piece welded with the lowest
arc energy;
- Impact test specimens are taken from the test piece welded with the highest arc
energy.
AR 7.6.4.10 Post-weld heating for hydrogen removal

For post-weld heating, the applied temperature, as well as the time and duration of
post-weld heating for hydrogen removal, are essential variables.
TR 7.6.4.12 Type of line-up clamp

The type of line-up clamp shall be limited to the clamp used for welding of the test
piece. Use of other clamps is not permitted.
TR. 7.6.4.14 Tack welding

Tack welding is admitted only if qualified during WPQT. For supplementary requirements
for tack welds refer to par. T.R.9.8.
AR. 7.6.4.15 Back-gouging, grinding and back-welding

Back-gouging, grinding and back-welding are permitted only if approved by COMPANY.
TR. 7.6.4.16 Time interval

The time lapse between the end of the root pass and the start of the second pass shall
not exceed the time lapse recorded during welding of the test piece.
TR 7.6.4.17 Root pass welders

The number of root and hot pass welders shall be at least as many as during welding of
the test piece.
AP 7.6.4.18 Welding equipment

Any considerable change in equipment and model for mechanized welding equipment
that potentially affects the mechanical and metallurgical properties shall require the re-
qualification of the welding procedure.
AP 7.6.4.19 Number of passes

Change from multi-pass to single-pass or vice versa requires the re-qualification of the
welding procedure.

Page 39 of 80
7.6.5 Related to specific welding processes

TR 7.6.5.1 Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW)
SMAW process is not permitted for root pass execution.
Any change in electrode diameter respect to the approved WPS is not be permitted.
Sequence of passes shall be as per the approved WPS.
The last cap pass shall not be deposited on the base material side.
Maximum weald bead width shall not exceed 3 times the electrode core diameter.
PM 7.6.5.2 Submerged arc welding (SAW)

Replace second sentence of this clause by:
The approved flux shall be limited to the flux of the same type, classification and brand
qualified during welding of the test piece.
Add the following sentences:
In any case Arc Energy restrictions as specified in TR 7.6.4.7 shall be met.
Flux recycling is not be permitted.
For mechanized welding, no changes are permitted in the number and sequence of
passes that shall be exactly as per the qualified welding test.
AR 7.6.5.3 Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and gas-shielded flux-cored arc
welding (GSFCAW)
For mechanized and automatic welding of girth welds, the following additional essential
variables shall apply:
- any change of control software;
- any change of pre-set parameters (parameters that cannot be adjusted by the
welder) for automatic welding;
- any change in programmed parameters and their variation, except that
necessary variation in oscillation width for welding of thinner/ heavier wall than
used during qualification shall be allowed for mechanized GMAW;
- any change in limits for parameters that can be adjusted by the welder (“hot-key
limits”).
AR 7.6.5.4 Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW)

Automatic GTAW shall be subjected to COMPANY review and approval.
Any change in diameter and codification of tungsten electrode respect to the approved
WPS is not admitted.
TR 7.7 WPS for repair welding

The extent of inspection and testing of test pieces for the approval of a WPS for repair
welding shall be in accordance with the following requirements.

Page 40 of 80
Each WPS used for the original weld shall have a separated repair approval test.
Only manual welding processes (GTAW and/or SMAW) are admitted for repair welding.
Inspection and testing of the test piece shall be as per TR 7.4 of this specification.
Each repair procedure shall have “ad hoc” test pieces for qualification, separated from
the test pieces used for the qualification of the original weld.
Each repair procedure qualification test shall include at least the follows:
- Full thickness repair centered on the initial weld axis (through thickness repair);
- Mid-thickness or partial penetration repair with groove centered on the initial
weld fusion line. Max excavation depth shall be qualified and shall be deeper
than 50% of base material wall thickness, but shall not involve removal of hot
and root pass weld metal;
- Single pass cap repair.
Back weld repairs are not permitted.
Re-repairs (repeated repairs) are permitted only after COMPANY approval. Any re-repair
procedure shall be qualified and approved by COMPANY.
Re-repairs are not permitted in case of sour service.
If PWHT is required for the original weld, all repair welds shall be submitted to PWHT
after completion. Each repair procedure qualification test (full thickness repair, mid-
thickness repair and single pass cap repair) shall be representative of the repairs to be
performed in production including the relevant number and sequence of PWHTs.
Table A.3- Inspection and testing of the test pieces for repair girth welds and
additional butt-weld test pieces for repair branch and fillet welds

VT 100 % internal and external
RT + MUT a or AUT b 100 %
Trasverse tensile test 2 specimen
Impact test c See para TR 7.7.1
Macro-examination and hardness test 2 specimens
Bend test d 4 specimens
SSC test - FPBT as per NACE TM-0177 A 3 sets of specimen, stress transverse to
solution or, if required by COMPANY, at girth weld (refer to Annex L and figure
project specific conditions e. 2a for specimen locations).
a) Manual UT (in addition to RT) only for mechanized or automatic welding processes
b) Automatic UT shall be subject to approval, qualification and validation of the inspection
procedure. Indications to be confirmed by MUT.
c) Test not required for pipe with t < 6 mm.
d) For t < 12 mm, the total number of bends shall be split evenly between root and face bends. For t
≥ 12 mm, side bend tests are required.
e) SSC test requirements as per Annex L of this specification only in case of Sour Service.

Page 41 of 80
Table B.3- Inspection and testing of the test pieces for branch and fillet type
test pieces

VT 100 %
MUT 100 % only for branch type test pieces
RT 100 % only for butt-welds (e.g. Sweepolet connection)
MT 100 %
Macro-examination and hardness test 4 equi-spaced specimens
In case of test piece made of two different base materials (having different supply
condition and different manufacturer for sour service), repairs shall be qualified on both
sides.
Location of mechanical test specimens in the repair test piece shall be in the lower part
of the pipe as per Figure 5 (between 4 and 6 o’clock position).
a) Partial penetration repair

Key
1 location of top
2 location of impact and bend test specimens.
3 location of tensile test specimens
4 location of macro/micro/hardness test specimens
5 original weld
6 original weld fusion line
7 original weld heat-affected zone
Figure 5 - Location of repair excavations and destructive test specimens

Page 42 of 80
AP 7.7.1 Impact testing

The requirements shall be as specified in par. TR 7.4.3.5 except for the supplemental
requirements specified below.
Full Penetration Repairs

The method for testing of full penetration repairs shall be in accordance with par.TR
7.4.3.5 with the following additional requirements for Charpy-V impact test:
- Repair weld centerline;
- Repair fusion line on the pipe/base material side;
- Repair fusion line on original weld side;
- Repair fusion line +2 mm on the pipe/base material side;
- Repair fusion line +2 mm on original weld side.
The number of sets for Charpy-V impact test shall be 5 (five) for base material
thickness ≤ 20 mm and 10 (ten) for base material thickness > 20 mm.
Partial Penetration Repairs
The method for testing partial penetration repair shall be in accordance with par. TR
7.4.3.5 taking into account the following additional requirements for Charpy-V impact
test.
- Repair weld centerline;
- Repair fusion line on the pipe/base material side;
- Repair fusion line on original weld side;
- Repair fusion line +2 mm on the pipe/base material side;
- Repair fusion line +2 mm on original weld side.
For base material thickness ≤ 20 mm the location of the Charpy-V impact test
specimens shall be as per Figure 5.A.a) Charpy-V impact test shall be 5 (five).
For base material thickness > 20 mm, the Charpy-V impact test specimens specified in
Figure 5.A.b) shall be tested in addition to the Charpy-V impact test specimens specified
above for base material thickness ≤ 20. The total number of sets for Charpy-V impact
test shall be 10 (ten).
a) Base material thickness ≤ 20mm

Page 43 of 80
b) Additional sets for base material thickness > 20mm

Key
1 Position of Charpy V-notch specimen
2 Repair weld
3 Charpy specimen thickness
4 Original weld
Figure 5.A - Positioning of Charpy V-notch impact specimens for procedural

approval of partial penetration repair welds
AP 7.7.2 Hardness testing
Hardness shall be measured and recorded in rows across the repair weld metal, the
relevant HAZs (base metal and original weld metal sides) and the parent metal
according to par. PM 7.4.3.7.
Locations of hardness indentations shall be approved by COMPANY. The permissible
maximum hardness values shall be as per Table 2 of this specification.
TR 7.8 Period of validity

The period of validity ad an approved WPS is limited to the specific project.
WPS qualified for previous jobs are not permitted.

Page 44 of 80
8 APPROVAL AND TESTING OF WELDERS AND WELDING OPERATORS
TR 8.1 General
All welders and welding operators employed by the CONTRACTOR for the project shall
be qualified before starting of production welding as per requirements of:
- ISO 9606-1 for manual and semi-automatic welding processes;

- ISO 14732 for mechanized and automatic welding processes.
and the requirements of this specification.
In case of multi-process procedures, the qualification shall be done on a representative

single test piece.
All welder qualifications shall be carried out in the presence of the Third Party Inspector
and COMPANY representative.
For girth welds, full size test welds shall be done for welders and welder operators
qualification.
All welders shall be qualified either by the satisfactory qualification of Welding Procedure
Qualification Testing (WPQT) in which he was involved with welding, or the separate
qualification testing by both destructive and non-destructive methods
Production welds shall not be used for the purposes of qualifying welders.
Each welder/operator shall be given a unique identification number, which shall be

permanently marked on all welds produced by the welder/operator.
A list of qualified personnel (with photographs and identification documents) shall be

kept up to date by CONTRACTOR’s welding coordinator and made available to COMPANY
for review.
A welder traceability procedure shall be issued for COMPANY’s approval.
Welder identification numbers shall not be re-allocated during the contract.
CONTRACTOR is responsible for welders and welding operators training in order to

ensure a good understanding and application of WPSs.
Any welder found responsible for a high level of defects/repairs in production and/or for
arbitrary deviation from the applicable WPS shall be removed from production. At the
discretion of Inspector, the welder in question may be retested after an agreed period of
retraining.
AR 8.2 Approval for manual and semi-automatic welding
Welders who have completed the test piece for the successful approval of the WPS in
accordance with the requirements of par. 7.4 can be approved for production welding.
Pre-qualified manual or semi-automatic welders are not permitted.
In case of sour service the pipe for test welds shall be of those to be used during
construction of the pipeline.

Page 45 of 80
The welder shall make a test weld under simulated field conditions.
When testing manual or semi-automatic welders for execution of a weld without back
pass, the test pipe ends shall be closed so that internal check of the weld root cannot be
made by welders during performance of welding.
TR 8.3 Approval for mechanized welding

Welders for mechanized welding shall be approved for all passes of the girth weld.
The CONTRACTOR shall use same welding consumables and the same or equivalent
welding equipment to those to be used during construction of the pipeline.
The pipe for test welds shall be of those to be used during construction of the pipeline.
The welder shall make a test weld under simulated field conditions.
TR 8.4 Approval for automatic welding

Each welding operator shall be approved by a pre-production welding test in accordance
with ISO 14732 and the requirements of this specification.
TR 8.7 Re-testing
A welder or welding operator may produce additional test pieces if it is agreed that
failure of the test piece weld is due to metallurgical or other extraneous causes outside
the control of the welder.
In case of failure resulting from lack of skill, a welder or welding operator shall receive
further training before further test welding for approval is permitted. Further re-testing
after a second failure is not permitted.
9 PRODUCTION WELDING
AR 9.2 Equipment
All welding equipment shall be validated on site before using in construction; equipment
that does not meet these requirements shall be either repaired or replaced.
All measurement instrument calibration shall be verified on site before using in

construction.
All equipment and measuring instruments to be used during construction shall be

guaranteed by the manufacturer data sheet for working at the environmental
temperature at which they will be exposed.
TR 9.4 Weather conditions

Proper protection from weather critical conditions shall be provided.
Welding shall be suspended during weather conditions, which, in the opinion of

COMPANY’s inspector, can adversely affect the weld quality.
Weld habitat shall be dry, free of moisture and isolated from atmospheric agents.

Page 46 of 80
TR 9.5 Pipe end preparation

Pipe ends shall be beveled to the dimensions specified in the WPS.
Bevels shall be prepared by machining. Beveling by thermal cutting shall be performed

only when beveling by machining is not feasible e.g. for tie-in and similar situations.
Only mechanized thermal cutting is allowed.
Bevels prepared by thermal cutting shall be dressed to obtain the final configuration by
grinding or machining removing at least 2 mm of material from the surface in the as
thermal cut condition.
The beveling operator shall check the bevel configuration for compliance with suitable
tools or gauges at regular intervals. The bevel surfaces, before welding, shall be smooth
and uniform.
All traces of grease, oil, paint, cutting fluids, marking crayons, inks, process sing
chemicals, machine lubricants and temperature indicating crayons shall be removed
from the welding groove and an area extending back 50 mm from the bevel. The
cleaned area shall include the edges of the joint, as well as the interior of the pipe and
any area that shall be subject to heating by preheat, welding or post weld heat
treatment.
After cutting and beveling, the new end preparation shall be subjected to the following
testing:
- Visual Testing (VT);
- Ultrasonic Testing (UT) for de-lamination;
- Magnetoscopic (MT) or Liquid Penetrant Testing (LPT).
Burns, small score marks, indentations, de-lamination imperfections, linear indications

shall be unacceptable and the pipe end shall be re-prepared.
De-lamination check may be avoided if pipe cut-back leaves at least 50 mm of the end
zone length already ultrasonically inspected in the pipe mill. Otherwise, a lamination
check of the new pipe end shall be performed up to a minimum length of 50 mm from
the same new pipe end.
VT, UT for de-lamination and MT/LPT shall be performed for all bevelled pipe ends,
including bevels for branch connections.
TR 9.6 Support
Components to be welded shall not be moved during welding until both the root and hot
passes have been completed.
PM 9.7 Line-up
Modify second paragraph:
Internal misalignment shall be checked on all joints after coupling in at least 4 (four)
positions, before root pass start. Internal misalignment shall be uniformly distributed
around the pipe and shall not exceed 2 mm. Larger misalignments shall be corrected by
tapering the pipe ends by grinding or machining, with a slope not exceeding 1:4,
provided the specified minimum wall thickness of the pipe is maintained.

Page 47 of 80
Add to this clause:
If necessary, tack welding shall be in accordance with par. TR 9.8.
The line-up clamp shall be designed to prevent damage to the pipe and coatings.
TR 9.8 Tack welding

Tack welding shall be used only if necessary and in any case shall be subjected to
COMPANY approval.
Tack welding in the root pass is not permitted.

Permanent tack welds to be fused into to the weld are not permitted.
Only temporary tack welds using bullets or bridging are admitted. Temporary tack weld
shall be completely included inside the weld bevel without any involvement of root and
outside surfaces.
Temporary tack welds using bridging or bullets (round solid pieces manufactured
through project pipe base material) shall only be performed according to the qualified
applicable WPS.
Bullets shall be spaced equally around the joint circumference.
All temporary tack welds shall be completely removed by grinding before to proceed
with welding of the joint.
Where temporary tack welds are removed, the bevel configuration and root gaps
specified in the WPS shall be maintained for the subsequent pass and the groove
visually inspected prior to resuming welding of the root pass.
AR 9.10 Electrodes and filler materials

Only consumables selected according to par. AP 7.3.6 of this specification shall be used.
A detailed storage, baking and handling procedure for all consumables shall be prepared
by the CONTRACTOR for COMPANY approval (see AP Annex M.7).
Only vacuum packaging is allowed for covered electrodes; after the pack is open the
electrodes shall be used only according to the manufacturer recommendation. At the
opening date, each “vacuum” pack shall be signed by the CONTRACTOR inspector with
registration of date and opening time.
Baking and re-use of electrodes shall be in accordance with the recommendations of the
manufacturer of the electrode.
Each tin or packet of electrodes or reel of filler wire shall be clearly marked with the
respective batch number. In the event of consumables being unmarked or showing
signs of deterioration or other damage, they shall be discarded. Different grades,
different brands and different batches (when requested as essential variable, see TR
7.6.4.5) of electrodes and filler materials than those qualified and approved shall not be
used and completely segregated.
Fluxes shall be baked according to manufacturer recommendation before use. After

baking, fluxes shall be maintained in oven at the storage temperature recommended by
the manufacturer until use.

Page 48 of 80
Fluxes re-baking and recycling are admitted within the restriction specified by
manufacturer and in any case the ratio of recycled to new flux shall be proper qualified
during WPQT (see TR 7.6.4.5).
Welding consumables (including covered electrodes with “vacuum” pack) shall be stored
at a temperature and humidity recommended by the Manufacturer.
TR 9.12 Preheating
All the requirements defined in par. AP 7.3.7 of this specification shall be met.
Pipe shall be heated before welding as specified in the WPS.
Preheating shall be applied by gas or electrical means to achieve and maintain a

satisfactory temperature distribution, to prevent interference with the welding operation
and to avoid damage to coatings.
The preheating temperature shall be reached before starting with the first (root) weld
pass and maintained until the entire weld has been completed unless demonstrating the
soundness of the process through the qualification of partially completed weld according
to par. AP 7.3.9.
In any case, a temperature drop below the preheating temperature before the end of
the hot pass is not admitted.
The temperature of the joint shall be determined and measured by thermometer based
on contact thermocouples.
Temperature-indicating crayons (which melt when the specified temperature is reached)

may be used only to verify that the minimum specified temperature have been reached.
Crayons or paints which indicate temperature by color change shall not be used.
The temperature shall be measured on the face opposite of that to which the heat is
applied. If this is not practicable, the heat source may be removed and the temperature
determined on the heated face once the temperature has equalized. The time between
removal of the heat source and measurement of temperature shall be approximately 2
min for thicknesses up to and including 25 mm, plus 1 min for each 12 mm thickness
above 25 mm.
Temperatures shall be measured immediately prior to commencement of the welding at

75 mm from the bevel at least at four points on each side of the joint equally spread
around the pipe.
TR 9.13 Arc strikes

Arcs shall be struck only on fusion faces. Contact between electrodes or non-insulated
parts of electrode holders and surfaces of the pipe shall be avoided.
Repair by welding of pipe material affected by accidental arc strikes is not permitted.
For GMAW process, specific “tip” electrical connector shall be ceramic coated for the
root and hot passes deposition in order to avoid any arc strikes inside the narrow bevel.
Arc strikes shall be removed in accordance with a documented procedure (see AP Annex
AP M.11) that shall define the methods for the following:

Page 49 of 80
- mechanical removal of the affected base material;

- blending of the excavation;
- etching and/or hardness testing;
- MT or LPT (acceptance: no indication is admitted);
- wall thickness measurement.
TR 9.14 Backing
Permanent and temporary backing (eg. copper shoes, ceramic shoes) are not be
permitted.
TR 9.15 Internal weld bead

The use of an internal weld bead (with or without addition of filler metal) is not admitted
for welded joints with bevel preparation for single side welding.
PM 9.16.1 Girth welding

Modify the first paragraph by:
The completed weld shall have a uniform width around the entire circumference with a
smooth transition to the base material. Internal and external reinforcements shall not
exceed the values as specified in par. TR 11.3.1.
Add to this clause:
Root and hot passes shall be deposited without interruption.
TR9.18 Partially completed welds

Whenever possible, welds should not be left partially completed.
Production welds (pipe to pipe) can be interrupted only if simulated during the
procedure qualification (according to AP 7.3.9) and only if the weld metal deposit is
within 1/3 and 2/3 of the parent metal wall thickness. In any case, the weld shall not be
interrupted before the completion of the root and hot passes.
Upon discontinuation of welding, the joint shall be wrapped in dry insulating and heat
resisting material with a waterproof backing for cooling in a slow and uniform manner.
Upon restart, partially completed welds shall be as minimum submitted to visual

examination (based on the visual examination results, additional inspection may be
required before welding restarting).
Partially completed weld (discontinued) shall be restarted after reheating within the
interpass temperature range specified in the WPS.
Partially completed weld shall be traced, welding starting date shall be recorded and the
welds shall be completed within 24 hours.
For repairs, pipe to fittings (bends, tees, branches, etc.), fillet and golden welds,
partially completed welding is not admitted.

Page 50 of 80
TR 9.19 Post-weld heat treatment

TR 9.19.1 General
The entire circumference of the joint shall be heated in a uniform manner, without
overheating, in accordance with the procedure qualified in the WPQT and specified in
the relevant WPS.
PWHT procedures shall be submitted to the COMPANY for approval (see AP Annex
M.14).
PWHT procedure shall contain, as minimum, the following information:
- heating method (the number and the layout of electrical pads shall be defined);
- PWHT holding temperature range;
- PWHT holding time;
- heating and cooling rates;
- soak band (SB) width;
- heated band (HB) width;
- insulation band (IB) width;
- axial temperature gradients;
- type and thickness of insulation;
- number, location and type of thermocouples for each band (soak, heated and
insulation bands);
- method for removal of thermocouples.
TR 9.19.2 Methods of heat treatment

PWHT shall be carried out by placing the complete welded assembly in an enclosed
furnace.
If this is not practicable, girth welds shall be heat-treated locally by heating a band
around the entire circumference, centered on the girth weld, using an electrical
resistance mat, gas-fired muffles or other methods by agreement.
The width of the soak band (SB), centered on the girth weld, shall not be less than 6 x
t, where t is the thickness of the thicker component.
The width of the heated band (HB) shall not be less than , where r is the internal
radius of the larger component, and t is the thickness of the thicker component.
Sufficient insulation shall be fitted to ensure that the temperature of the weld and its
heat-affected zone is not less than specified in the WPS, and that the temperature at
the edge of the heated band is not less than half the peak temperature. In addition, the
adjacent portion of the assembly outside the heating zone shall be thermally insulated
so that the temperature gradient is not harmful. To meet this requirement, the total
insulated band (IB) width shall be at least .
Branches shall be locally heat-treated by heating a circumferential band around the

entire assembly. The width of the heated band shall include the branch weld and at
least of the pipe in each direction from the edges of the branch weld.
Assemblies of different wall thicknesses may be placed in the same furnace charge for
PWHT and treated in accordance with the requirements for PWHT of the thickest
assembly in the charge, provided that the minimum thickness of the charge is not less
than 50% of the thickness of the thickest assembly.

Page 51 of 80
AR 9.19.3 Post-weld-heat-treatment procedure
PWHT on production weld shall be performed according to the PWHT procedure applied
for WPS qualification.
A continuous permanent record of the temperatures measured by each thermocouple

shall be provided. The registration of each thermocouple shall be clearly identified.
TR 9.20 Pipe and weld record

Full traceability shall be guarantee and recorded for welds, welders, NDT and all
constitutional base materials of the pipeline.
Traceability’s records shall be available during construction for COMPANY inspection.
An application specific detailed procedure shall be issued by the CONTRACTOR for

COMPANY approval (see AP Annex M).
AP 9.21 Post-weld heating

Post-weld heating on completion of welding can be applied to reduce the hydrogen
content by allowing hydrogen to effuse from the weld area.
The temperature and time shall be as indicated in the qualified WPS; in any case, post-
weld heating shall be applied immediately after completion of the weld, before the weld
area cools to a temperature below the minimum interpass temperature.
AP 9.22 Welding parameters record

Welding parameters shall be registered according to a written inspection procedure to
be submitted to the COMPANY for approval (see AP Annex M).
For all the welds realized by mechanized welding, the average values of the following
welding parameters shall be recorded per each pass:
- Welding Voltage;
- Welding Current;
- Welding Speed (or arc duration).
For at least 25% of the entire production of welds realized by manual welding
procedure, the average values of the following welding parameters shall be recorded per
each pass:
- Welding Voltage;
- Welding Current;
- Welding Speed;
- Preheating and Interpass Temperatures.
For all the welds, preheating, interpass temperatures and heat input shall be
continuously monitored by CONTRACTOR inspector and shall not exceed the acceptance
range as per approved WPS and the requirements of this specification.
AP 9.23 Tapering
In case of pipe wall thickness transition pup pieces shall be preferably used.
In case of tapering to be realized by the CONTRACTOR, a dedicated tapering procedure

shall be submitted for COMPANY approval (see AP Annex M.5).

Page 52 of 80
Tapering shall be realized by machining. Tapering by manual grinding is allowed only if

the difference in pipes wall thickness is less than 3 mm. In case of wall thickness
transition between pipes of the same steel grade, the specified minimum wall thickness
of the pipe shall be maintained.
Transition technique between pipes of different steel grade shall be agreed with the
COMPANY.
Wall thickness transition shall be smooth and gradually reached with a slope not
exceeding 1:4; it shall be realized at proper distance from the bevel edge to ensure that
any NDT on the girth weld is applicable as per the reference procedure.
The tapering area shall be NDT inspected and the wall thickness shall be recorded in at
least n°4 positions equally distributed around the pipe. The tapering area shall be free
of any indication during both manual UT lamination and MT checks.
AP 9.24 Pre-production and production girth welds

Each mechanized welding station shall be demonstrated to be fully operational before it
is employed to weld any joints that will be incorporated into the pipeline.
This operational demonstration shall consist, as a minimum, of two full girth welds
made consecutively, each weld being required to meet the production acceptance
criteria without the need for any repair.
Each of these pre-production welds shall be uniquely identified and reserved for possible
mechanical evaluation by COMPANY.
This operational demonstration may also be requested by COMPANY in case of any

maintenance requiring significant equipment strip down.
This operational demonstration shall not be applied for welding procedures qualified
specifically for tie-in welds, flange welds, Tee-piece welds, etc.
COMPANY reserve the right to ask a production test whereas possible in relation with
the actual operational condition.
The following tests can be required by the COMPANY in case of production test:
- Macro and hardness;
- All weld tensile;
- Charpy V-notch fracture toughness.
AP 9.25 De-magnetism system

Contractor shall have available on site at all times an equipment to both measure
magnetism of the pipes and to de-magnetize them if required.
Residual magnetism shall be measured with a calibrated Hall effect gauss meter or
equivalent equipment.
Four readings shall be taken 90° apart around the circumference of each end of pipe.
The residual magnetism shall not exceed an average value (out of 4 measurements) of
2.0 mT (20 Gauss), with a maximum single value of 2.5 mT (25 Gauss).
An application specific procedure shall be issued for COMPANY approval (AP Annex
M.15).

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10 NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING
TR 10.1 General
All completed girth welds, after PWHT (if required), shall be inspected according to
Table A.4.
Table A.4- Inspection of production girth welds (after PWHT if required)
Type of examination Extent of

examination
1 Visual examination 100%

2 Radiographic Testing b) c) 100%
3 Radiographic Testing c) + Manual UT (MUT) + 100% Golden Welds

Magnetic Particle Testing (MT) and where required
by COMPANY
a) Visual examination shall be performed on all caps according to para TR 10.4 of this
specification.
b) Manual UT, MT and LPT equipment shall be always available on site to supplement the
primary NDT method on any doubtful area nominated by the CONTRACTOR’s Inspector
and/or when required by COMPANY representative.
c) In lieu of Radiographic Testing, only after COMPANY approval, AUT inspection can be
used. AUT inspection shall be in accordance with Annex G of this specification.
All completed branch and fillet welds, after PWHT (if required), shall be inspected
according to Table A.5.
Table A.5- Inspection of production branch and fillet welds (after PWHT
if required)
Type of examination Extent of

examination
1 Visual examination 100%
2 Radiographic Testing 100% of butt-welds (sweep-o-let included)

3 Manual UT (MUT) 100% of all branch welds (including butt-welds)
4 Magnetic Particle Testing (MT) 100%
The COMPANY requires full written procedures for each NDT method for review and
approval for all test welds at least 30 days before starting of test welding. These
procedures shall have been reviewed and endorsed by a Level III NDT as per ISO 9712.
The qualification certificate of the Level III shall be included in the documentation
submission Results of NDT shall meet the acceptance criteria specified in par. 11 for
each NDT method employed.
All slag, spatter, and all type of foreign material shall be removed prior to weld
examination; any bonding media, inks or dyes used for crack detection, shall be
removed also. In case of RT reshoot for doubts on films interpretation, light grinding of
the external cap passes of inspected welds is allowed. Flush grinding is not permitted,
unless after written COMPANY approval.

Page 54 of 80
TR 10.2 NDT personnel

Personnel shall meet the requirements of the following:
a) Personnel for visual examination shall be qualified as International Welding

Inspector and ISO 9712 Level 2;
b) ISO 9712 Level 2 for other NDT.
The roles and responsibilities of NDT personnel shall be as defined in ISO 9712.
All NDT operators shall have at least two years’ experience on pipeline working in the
NDT method qualified.
At the discretion of COMPANY representative, the NDT operators capability can be

evaluated independently by their NDT certifications.
NDT personnel qualification according to ASNT TC1A is not admitted.
Personnel for manual UT and AUT examination shall be qualified by practical test
provided by COMPANY before the start of welding activities.
TR 10.3 NDT procedure approval

NDT procedures shall be approved by practical demonstration on welds similar to the
production welds for which the procedure will be used.
Practical demonstrations shall be conducted under anticipated field conditions and with
weld temperatures as foreseen during the testing of production welds.
The make and type of NDT equipment for testing of production welds shall be the same
as used for the approval of NDT procedures.
NDT procedure approval by practical demonstration shall be conducted under COMPANY

supervision.
NDT procedures shall be qualified before starting with any inspection activities.
All the NDT procedure qualification records shall be always available on site for
COMPANY inspection.
TR 10.4 Visual examination (VT)

VT procedures shall define the following:
- use of direct or remote viewing;
- surface condition;
- method or tool for surface preparation;
- requirements for illumination, including instruments or equipment;
- magnification level, if applicable;
- checklist of features to be examined;
- sequence of examination, if applicable;
- data to be documented;
- format of report including report forms to be used.
VT shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 17637.
For all tie-ins and golden welds, VT examination shall be performed also after deposition
of root pass.

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The (internal) root surface shall be examined through one or more “inspection window”
to be positioned in the upper part of line pipe. Method of visual inspection to be used in
the field shall be demonstrated during manual welding qualifications (i.e. no access from
pipe ends, inspection window from 10 to 2 o’clock).
Technique of inspection shall be agreed upon and demonstrated feasible during welding
qualifications. Opening of window shall be as per qualification during WPQT. Technique
may not permit 100% internal inspection, but shall inspect approximately from 2 to 10
o’clock (¾ of the internal surface). Details shall be defined in the VT procedure.
TR 10.5 Radiographic testing (RT)

RT shall be performed in accordance with ISO 17636-1, Class B.
TR 10.5.1 Technique
Inspection shall be carried out by X-Ray (Gamma ray are not permitted). Only extra
fine-grain radiographic films (class C4 according to ISO 11699-1) shall be used.
TR 10.5.2 Procedure
Radiographic procedures shall define the following:
- pipe diameter and wall thickness;
- radiation source;
- technique (equipment rating, in voltage, external or internal equipment);
- geometric relationships (source focal-spot size, film focus distance, object-film
distance, radiation angle with respect to weld and film);
- penumbra or geometric un-sharpness;
- film type (trade name, designation and dimensions);
- intensifying screens (front and/or back, material thickness, filters);
- exposure conditions;
- processing (developing time/temperature, stop-bath, fixation, washing, drying,
automatic processing, thio testing frequency);
- IQI sensitivities, in per cent of wall thickness, based on source- and film-side
indicators, respectively, essential IQ wire shall be reported;
- density;
- film overlap;
- weld joint geometries;
- temperature of welds during inspection;
- archival life;
- initial source strength.
TR 10.5.3 Procedure approval testing

Radiographic procedure shall be submitted for COMPANY approval before starting with
WPQT program and shall be qualified during this test program.
During radiographic procedure approval testing, wire-type IQIs shall be placed both on
the source side and on the film side. Only one IQI is required for each radiograph for
short film lengths where the distance between IQIs would be less than 100 mm.
IQIs shall be wire type. IQIs wires shall be made of ferrous materials according to ISO
19232-1.
Sensitivities for source-side IQIs shall, for both single wall and double wall techniques,
be in accordance with ISO 17636-1, Class Band Table 6 of this specification.

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There shall be an intermediate and final weld approval testing. The approval testing
reliability shall have a minimum of 2 sets of radiographs.
All relevant data on the procedure approval testing, including results, shall be
documented.
Radiographs from the procedure approval testing shall be kept available on site for
reference throughout the period of production welding.
IQI sensitivity on film side shall be qualified during the procedure qualification by the
corresponding sensitivity required for IQI on the source side.
Table 6 - IQI sensitivity requirements for source-side IQI with single-wall

single image technique
Pipe wall thickness [mm] IQI wire diameter [mm]

<6 0,10
6 to 8 0,125
8 to 10 0,16
10 to 16 0,20
16 to 25 0,25
25 to 32 0,32
32 to 40 0,40
40 to 50 0,50
IQI sensitivity on film side shall be qualified during the procedure approval by the
corresponding sensitivity required for IQI on the source side.
TR 10.5.4 Information on radiograph

The radiograph shall contain the following information:
- project name, project number and pipeline identification;
- weld number;
- whether the radiograph is of a repair weld, of a replacement weld or a re-shoot
of radiograph;
- marker(s) indicating the position of the radiograph in relation to the weld;
- welder(s) identification.
TR 10.5.5 Weld coverage

A sufficient number of film exposures shall be taken to give full circumferential coverage
of the welds.
Film overlaps shall not be less than 40 mm.
Film width shall be enough to guarantee the complete examination of the weld and at
least 30 mm of parent metal for each side.
TR 10.5.6 Intensifying screens
Front and back intensifying lead screens in the range 0.02 ÷ 0.15 mm shall be used.

Page 57 of 80
TR 10.5.7 Radiographic density

Film density shall be not less than 2.5 and not greater than 3.5 (where adequate
interpretation can be achieved with the viewing screen).
A certified densitometer shall be always available on site during film evaluation.
Density shall be measured at regular intervals.
All radiographs shall be viewed in dry condition.
TR 10.5.8 Film storage

Radiographs shall be stored in suitable boxes in sequence with the weld numbering.
Radiographs of rejected welds, repairs and re-shoots shall be stored together.
All exposed radiographic films shall be processed suitable for storage for a minimum of
10 years under controlled conditions.
AP 10.5.10 Film processing

Film process shall be automatic, manual processing is not allowed.
The film processing shall be daily controlled in accordance with ISO 11699-2; frequency
for Thio testing shall be detailed in the radiographic procedure.
AP 10.5.11 Film Viewing Equipment

Illuminators shall comply with the requirements of ISO 5580.
TR 10.6 Ultrasonic testing

TR 10.6.1 Procedure
A detailed ultrasonic testing procedure shall be submitted for COMPANY approval.
UT procedures shall define the following:

- type of UT equipment;
- type and dimensions of transducers;
- range of frequencies;
- method of calibration;
- surface requirements;
- coupling medium;
- testing techniques;
- weld identification method;
- reporting requirements;
- weld joint geometries;
- temperature range of welds during testing.
-
A detailed ultrasonic testing procedure shall be submitted for COMPANY approval.
Ultrasonic testing for transversal indication check requires partially or fully cap removal;
in any case, a flat surface for the probe coupling is requested.

Page 58 of 80
TR 10.6.2 Equipment
UT equipment shall meet the requirements in ASME, Section V.
The name of the manufacturer, the identification number, the transducer frequency, the
refraction angle and the output point shall be clearly marked on each probe.
AR 10.6.3 Calibration and construction of reference curve

Reference DAC curves shall be calibrated on project materials pipe.
TR 10.6.4 Manual ultrasonic testing

Testing shall not be performed on surfaces with roughness or irregularities, which cause
the transfer measurement to vary, by more than 3 dB. The total value of transfer
correction should not exceed 6 dB.
Tandem techniques shall be used for girth welds with a bevel angle between 0° and
10°.
When using straight-beam probes for weld testing, the DAC curve shall be drawn
similarly to that for angle probes.
The length of indications shall be defined as the circumferential distance over which the
echo height exceeds the reporting level.
Manual ultrasonic testing shall be executed according ASME V Art. 4.
At least two different angle shear wave transducers shall be used. Use of 45° shear
wave probe is mandatory for manual UT on girth welds.
TR 10.6.5 Mechanized Testing

Mechanized testing by AUT may be used in lieu of Radiographic Testing of girth welds
(par. TR 10.1) only after COMPANY approval.
Mechanized equipment shall be capable of providing reproducible tests and permanent

records, and shall be capable of identifying defects in accordance with the categories
specified in TR 10.5.
AUT testing shall be in accordance with Annex G of this specification.
TR 10.6.5 Evaluation of indications

All indications exceeding 20% of the reference DAC curve shall be recorded and
investigated.
Length, position, and DAC percentage together with echo characteristic shall be
documented for each indication.
AP 10.6.6 Ultrasonic testing report

In addition to the requirements listed in the par. TR 10.9, the following information shall
be at least contained on each ultrasonic examination report:
- Weld identification including unique pipe number;
- Ultrasonic inspection procedure reference;
- Status of weld (original or repair);

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- Calibration block;
- Probe angles and frequency and scan plan;
- Sensitivity level;
- Equipment and model;
- Surface correction factor (“transfer” correction);
- Conclusion (accept or reject);
- Sketch including defect locations and recordable indication locations;
- Operator’s name, signature and method certification level.
TR 10.7 Magnetic-particle Testing (MT)

MT shall be performed in accordance with ISO 17638.
A detailed Magnetic-particle Testing procedure shall be submitted for COMPANY

approval and shall define the following:
- description and dimensions of material to be examined;
- welding process;
- type of magnetization;
- type of equipment;
- surface preparation;
- wet or dry testing;
- make and type of magnetic particle and contrast paint;
- method for determining the magnetic field strength in the material;
- method of demagnetization (if required);
- description of method of testing.
AC yoke only shall be used.
The use of permanent magnets, DC yokes or DC prods shall not permitted.
MT shall not be performed when surface temperatures exceed 300°C. Only dry MT shall
be used for tests with surface temperatures between 60°C and 300°C.
TR 10.8 Liquid Penetrant Testing (LPT)

LPT shall be performed in accordance with ISO 3452-1.
A detailed Liquid Penetrant Testing procedure shall be submitted for COMPANY approval
and shall define the following:
- quality and dimension of material to be examined;
- welding process;
- type of equipment;
- compatibility of testing materials with the parts to be tested;
- preparation, pre-cleaning and testing;
- inspection;
- acceptance criteria;
- post cleaning and protection;
- retesting;
- reporting.
In order to verify the LPT procedure, a reference object with known defects such as a
testing panel described in ISO 3452-3 or equivalent shall be used.
The reference object and the penetrant products shall achieve, before testing, the same
temperature as relevant for the actual testing to be performed.

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The minimum defect size to be detected shall comply with the maximum acceptable
defect zone.
Liquid Penetrant Testing shall be carried out instead MT, only when this last method is
not applicable.
TR 10.9 NDT report

All NDT shall be documented.
The documentation shall include as minimum the following information, where

appropriate:
- contract number;
- applicable procedure specification;
- weld identification;
- test reports presenting the results of testing;
- description and location (with sketch where appropriate) of all reportable
indications;
- for shop welds, reference to the fabrication drawings;
- actions taken;
- date of testing;
- name and qualification level of inspector;
- approval signature of responsible inspector.

Page 61 of 80
11 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING
TR 11.1 General
The acceptance criteria specified in this paragraph shall apply to imperfections detected
by radiographic, ultrasonic, magnetic particle, liquid penetrant and visual testing.
Imperfections shall be classified in accordance with ISO 6520-1.
Acceptance shall not be based on ECA.
In sour service, any imperfections exposed to the internal surface, such us root
undercut, lack of penetration, lake of fusion at the root single side, burn through, start
and stop irregularity, shrinkage groove, hollow bead is not acceptable.
In case of execution of different NDT on the same area, the most stringent acceptance
criteria shall be adopted.
TR 11.2 Right of rejection

The COMPANY can reject any weld that appears to meet the criteria of this specification
if, in the COMPANY’s opinion, the depth of the imperfection is detrimental to the weld.
The field joint coating operation shall not start until final approval of the weld has been
given.
TR 11.3 Visual testing

TR 11.3.1 Weld profile
Weld reinforcement shall be uniform and shall merge smoothly with the adjacent parent
metal for both external and internal surfaces.
Weld reinforcement on external profile shall be not less than 1.0 mm nor more than
3.0 mm in height and it shall not exceed 3 mm beyond the original weld preparation.
Root penetration height on the internal profile shall not exceed 3.0 mm.
AP 11.3.3 Arc strike

Arc strike is not acceptable.
AP 11.3.4 Spatter
Spatter is not acceptable.
AP 11.3.5 Mechanical damage

Local damage to the surface of parent metal near to the weld shall be smoothly blended
and shall not exceed 1 mm in depth.
AP 11.3.6 Overlap
Overlap is not acceptable.
AP 11.3.7 Incompletely filled groove

Only short imperfection, max 0.5 mm in length, is permitted.

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AP 11.3.8 Linear misalignment

The misalignment between two welded components shall not exceed 2 mm or (0.2 mm
+ 0.1 t) (where t is the smaller nominal thickness of the parent metal), whichever is
smaller.
AP 11.3.9 Surface crack
Surface crack is not acceptable.
AP 11.3.10 Crater crack

Crater crack is not acceptable.
AP 11.3.11 End crater pipe

End crater pipe is not acceptable.
AP 11.3.12 Surface lack of fusion

Surface lack of fusion is not acceptable.
11.4 Radiographic testing

AR 11.4.1 Lack of penetration
In sour service, lack of penetration (defined as both incomplete filling of the weld root
and when one edge only of the root is exposed/unbounded) is not acceptable.
AR 11.4.2 Lack of fusion

In sour service, either lack of fusion in the root pass or lack of fusion open to the
external surface is not acceptable.
TR 11.4.3 Root concavity

Internal concavity up to 25% of the total length of weld is acceptable provided the
density of the radiographic image of the internal concavity does not exceed that of the
thinnest adjacent base metal.
Root concavities with film densities exceeding the density of the thinnest base metal
adjacent to the weld shall be not acceptable, regardless their single and total length.
TR 11.4.4 Burn-through
Burn-through (defined as a portion of the root bead where excessive penetration has
caused weld puddle to be blown into the pipe) is not acceptable.
TR 11.4.7 Cracks
Any type of cracks shall be unacceptable, regardless their length. COMPANY shall be
immediately advised every time it occurs.
AP 11.4.10 Base material imperfections

Imperfections in the base material detected by radiographic testing shall be reported to
the COMPANY.

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TR 11.5 Ultrasonic testing

TR 11.5.1 General
Indications from UT shall be evaluated in accordance with the acceptance criteria
specified in 11.5.2 and TR 11.5.3.
Imperfections separated by less than the length of the longer of the two, shall be
evaluated as one flaw; the length will be equal to the sum of the lengths of the two
flaws and the length between them.
A defect (axial) is considered isolated if the distance between the first and the second
defect is greater than the separation of the two.
A flaw (embedded) is considered isolated if the first flaw respect to the second flaw is
located at a distance that is at least 1½ more than the height separation between the
two.
A defect is considered surface breaking when it is far from the inner or outer surface by
a distance less than its height.
PM 11.5.2 Spherical porosity

Replace third sentence by:
Spherical porosity may be classified as a planar indication with the area containing the
porosity being evaluated as a single planar imperfection in accordance with TR 11.5.3.
TR 11.5.3 Linear indications

All indications that produce a response greater than 20% of the reference DAC curve
shall be recorded and investigated to determine the location, shape, extent and type of
reflector.
Such indications shall be evaluated in accordance with the following criteria:
 For any type of services, all indications, characterized as planar by ISO 23279,
referred to cracks, are unacceptable regardless of length.
 For sour service, all indications, characterized as planar by ISO 23279, referred to
lack of fusion open to the surfaces, both internal and external, and incomplete
penetration are unacceptable regardless of length.
 For non-sour service, other imperfections are unacceptable if:

a) the indications exceed 100% of the reference DAC curve and have lengths which
exceed 25 mm;
b) the indications exceed 50% of the reference DAC curve and have lengths which
exceed 50 mm.
In any case, the sum of defect lengths in each individual section of 300 mm of
continuous welding shall not exceed 25 mm if located on inner surface and 50 mm in
the volume or on outer surface.
TR 11.8 Acceptance criteria — ECA

Acceptance shall not be based on ECA.

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12 REPAIR AND REMOVAL OF DEFECTS
TR 12.1 General
WPS for repair welding shall be approved in accordance with paragraph TR 7 of this
specification.
A detailed procedure for repair shall be submitted to COMPANY for approval.
A register of all performed repairs shall be maintained by CONTRACTOR and shall be

daily sent to COMPANY for information.
All the following information shall be included:

- Weld number;
- Characterization of the defect (circumferential position, depth, type and size);
- Welder of weld to be repaired;
- Repair details (repair WPS, date of repair, welder).
If PWHT is required for the original weld, all repair welds shall be submitted to PWHT
after completion.
TR 12.2 Authorization for repair

Back weld repairs are not permitted.
TR 12.3 Multiple Repairs

Re-repairs (repeated repairs) are permitted only after COMPANY approval. Any re-repair
procedure shall be qualified and approved by COMPANY.
Re-repairs are not permitted in case of sour service.
TR 12.4 Defects removal and preparation for repair

Welds not complying with the acceptance criteria of this specification shall be repaired
or the weld removed completely.
Defects shall be removed by grinding or machining.
Arc gauging is not permitted, unless authorized by COMPANY.
MT or LPT check shall be done in the excavation area after defect removal to assure that
the exposed defect has been completely removed.
Complete welds shall be removed by thermal cutting or machining.
Maximum excavation depth shall be measured by dedicated gauges and recorded in the
welding inspection report.
Weld excavations shall be sufficiently deep and long to remove the defect. NDT of the
excavated area, to confirm the complete removal of the defect shall be performed
before commencement of repair welding.
Repairs shall be limited to 30 % of the weld length for a partial-penetration repair, or 20

% of the weld length for a full-penetration repair.

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Repaired areas shall be examined using the same testing method which detected the
defect. Should the testing reveal further imperfections, they shall be evaluated as new
imperfections, i.e. remnants of the original defect may remain if within the acceptance
criteria of this specification.
It is not necessary to perform NDT on the complete weld again. A minimum length of
50 mm beyond the ends of the repair shall be examined.
In case of PWHT, the entire weld subject to repair shall be NDT examined.
TR 13 DOCUMENTATION
Quality records shall include, as a minimum, the following:

- record of contract/design review;
- materials certificates;
- consumable certificates;
- WPSs;
- welding procedure approval test records;
- welder or welding operator approval certificates;
- non-destructive testing personnel certificates;
- non-destructive testing and destructive testing procedures and reports;
- dimensional reports;
- records of repairs and other non-conformity reports.
The retention period and location of the records shall be decided by agreement.

Page 66 of 80
TR ANNEX A SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WELDING OF CRA PIPELINES AND

CRA-CLAD STEEL PIPELINES
This Annex is not applicable.
TR ANNEX B HYPERBARIC WELDING

Page 67 of 80
TR ANNEX C PIN BRAZING AND EXOTHERMIC WELDING OF ANODE LEADS
TR C.1 Joining technique
Full details of the joining technique and associated equipment shall be submitted to the
COMPANY for approval prior to use. The procedure shall conform to the manufacturer’s
recommendations.
TR C.2 Specification and approval of procedure
TR C.2.1 General
Prior to starting, the contractor shall submit a procedure specification to the COMPANY
for approval.
The procedure and operators shall be approved by making three consecutive test joints,
in the presence of the COMPANY, on material to be used in production. The test material
shall be selected by the COMPANY to represent the upper quartile of the carbon
equivalent range.
The electrical resistance of each weld shall be measured and shall not exceed 0,1 Ω.
The mechanical strength of the weld shall be tested by means of a sharp blow from a 1
kg hammer.
All three of the test welds shall be sectioned and prepared for metallographic testing.
The tests described in TR C.2.2 and TR C.2.3 shall be performed on the sections.
TR C.2.2 Copper penetration measurement
The depth of copper penetration below the surface of the pipe material shall be
measured metallographically. The fusion line of the weld or braze shall not be more
than 1 mm below the pipe surface. Intergranular copper penetration of pipe material
shall not exceed 0,5 mm beyond the fusion
line when a specimen is examined at a magnification not exceeding ×50.
TR C.2.3 Hardness survey
Each test section shall be tested using a 98,07 N load. A traverse shall be made across
the weld zone.
The traverse shall consist of at least six impressions; two in the heat-affected zone each
side of the
weld/braze and one in the parent metal each side of the weld/braze.
The hardness values shall not exceed 250 HV10 for sour service and pipe thickness less
than 9 mm, 275 HV10 for sour service and pipe thickness above 9 mm and 325 HV for
non-sour service.

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TR ANNEX D BRACH AND FILLET WELDING ON IN-SERVICE PIPELINES
TR ANNEX E WELDING OF EUROPEAN ONSHORE NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION

PIPELINES
TR ANNEX F WELDING OF GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS IN EUROPE

Page 69 of 80
ANNEX G AUTOMATIC ULTRASONIC TESTING OF GIRTH WELDS
G.1 General
This Annex provides requirements for the automatic ultrasonic testing (AUT) of girth
welds in pipelines with a nominal wall thickness of 8 mm or over.
Requirements are given for testing using workmanship acceptance criteria.
G.2 AUT system requirements
The system shall be capable of locating and measuring the position of welding
anomalies if applied in conjunction with workmanship acceptance criteria.
The AUT system used shall provide an adequate number of inspection channels for the
complete volumetric inspection of the weld and heat affected zone in one
circumferential scan.
This requirement may be deviated from only in cases where full coverage in one scan
cannot be obtained.
The weld shall be divided into vertical testing zones taking into account the weld bevel
configuration and welding passes. Where practicable, the height of the testing zone
should not exceed the height of the welding pass.
The AUT techniques shall use Pulse echo (using either fixed angle or phased array
probes), ToFD (time-of-flight diffraction) and mapping channels.
ToFD provides additional information for the evaluation of the overall AUT inspection
result and enhancing the ability to determine the through-thickness dimension and the
depth position of imperfections within the weld volume.
The AUT system functionality shall be in accordance with ASTM E1961:2011, Clause 6,
and the following:
a) ToFD shall meet the requirements of ISO 10863. A single ToFD configuration
shall be used for wall thickness ≤ 25mm, whereas a dual ToFD configuration
shall be used for wall thickness > 25mm;
b) phased array equipment shall meet the requirements of ISO 13588;
c) mapping channels shall be used to:

o visualize the presence of the geometrical weld features such as weld cap
reinforcement and excess root penetration, and
o characterize and quantify volumetric imperfections such as porosity and
porosity clusters;
c) the AUT system shall incorporate inspection techniques for the detection of
transverse imperfections.
G.3 Procedure
The procedure for AUT shall be documented in accordance with ASTM E1961.

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The procedure for AUT shall be approved by the COMPANY after the qualification of AUT
system.
G.4 Qualification of AUT system
G.4.1 Calibration blocks
Calibration blocks in accordance with ASTM E1961:2011, Annex 3, shall be used to

establish system sensitivity, for qualification and to monitor system performance during
testing of production welds.
The principal reflector for porosity detection shall be a 1.5 mm FBH.
ToFD notches shall be added in accordance with ISO 10863.
Two transverse notches shall be added for the detection of transverse defects. The
notches shall be 10 mm long and 2 mm deep, and one notch shall be positioned on the
internal pipe surface and one notch on the outside surface.
Holes shall normally be protected from degradation by covering the hole with a suitable
sealant. Filling of surface notches and other near surface reflectors may influence the
reflecting ability of the reference reflector and shall be avoided.
The calibration block shall be from pipe material with similar diameter, thickness, heat
treatment and acoustic properties (attenuation value of not more than ± 3dB from the
actual project material).
G.4.2 Specific requirements for use with workmanship acceptance criteria
Acceptable amplitude response limit and length indication are the principal parameters
for acceptance. Accurate determination of flaw height is not normally a requirement.
Qualification of the system and procedure shall be by demonstration that the response
obtained for all reflectors meets the requirements of ASTM E1961.
Further confirmation of the performance of the system shall be obtained by “blind”

testing of at least one butt-weld validation block identical to the production welds to be
AUT inspected, containing seven artificial flaws obtained by EDM at or near the limit of
the acceptance criteria.
AUT indications obtained from the “blind” testing shall be compared with the results of
radiography, manual ultrasonic testing and any other NDT method previously applied for
the characterization of the artificial flaws in the validation block. The characterization of
the artificial flaws in the validation block shall be certified by a Third Party charged by
the COMPANY.
G.4.3 Specific requirements for use with acceptance criteria determined by ECA
This subclause is not applicable.
G.5 Validity
The essential variables related to this qualification are:

- welding method and groove geometry;
- probe set-up;

Page 71 of 80
- reference reflectors;
- working temperature range;
- system equipment data acquisition and data processing;
- system software;
- temperate ranges;
- material for calibration block.
G.6 Operator qualification
Ultrasonic operators shall meet the following requirements:

- the requirements of ISO 9712 Level II for UT, and
- a minimum of 40 h training specific to the system to be used; this training shall
include theoretical and practical aspects, and shall be documented.
G.7 Acceptance criteria for AUT
G.7.1 Workmanship criteria
G.7.1.1 General
The reference level shall be based on 3 mm flat bottomed hole and 1 mm deep surface
notches.
All AUT indications with a response over 40% of the reference level shall be evaluated in
accordance with this paragraph.
G.7.1.2 Cracks
Indications which by their location and orientation may suggest the presence of a crack
shall be investigated. Indications confirmed to be a crack shall be considered defects.
G.7.1.3 Linear surface (LS)
Linear surface (LS) imperfections (other than cracks) interpreted to be open to the inner
or outer pipe
surface shall be considered defects should any of the following conditions exist:
a) the length of an individual indication exceeds 25 mm;

b) the aggregate length of indications exceeds 25 mm in any continuous 300 mm length
of weld;
c) the aggregate length of indications exceeds 8 % of the weld length in any weld less
than 300 mm in length.
G.7.1.4 Linear buried (LB)
Linear buried (LB) indications (other than cracks) interpreted to be subsurface within
the weld and not surface-connected shall be considered defects should any of the
following conditions exist:
a) the length of an individual indication exceeds 50 mm;

b) the aggregate length of indications exceeds 50 mm in any continuous 300 mm length
of weld;
c) the aggregate length of indications exceeds 15 % of the weld length.

Page 72 of 80
G.7.1.5 Transverse (T)
All transverse indications exceeding 40 % FSH shall be further inspected with manual
UT or other appropriate inspection techniques.
Transverse (T) indications (other than cracks) shall be considered volumetric and
evaluated using the criteria for volumetric indications below. The letter T shall be used
to designate all reported transverse indications.
G.7.1.6 Signals in volumetric channels
Volumetric cluster (VC) indications shall be considered defects when the maximum
dimension of VC indications exceeds 12.5 mm.
Volumetric single indications shall be considered acceptable regardless of amplitude

height unless present in more than one zone. If in more than one zone and in the same
circumferential position, then these indications shall be considered as defect.
G.7.1.7 Accumulation of imperfections (AR)
Any accumulation of relevant indications (AR) shall be considered a defect when either
of the following conditions exist:
a) the aggregate length of indications above evaluation level exceeds 50 mm in any

300 mm length of weld;
b) the aggregate length of indications above evaluation level exceeds 8 % of the
weld length
G.7.2 ECA criteria
This subclause is not applicable.

Page 73 of 80
AP ANNEX L - CORROSION TESTS
AP L.1 General
This Annex specify the requirements for the testing of line pipe girth welds by means of
sulphide stress cracking (SSC) tests as part of the procedure qualification testing
requirements.
A detailed test procedure based upon this specification shall be prepared by
CONTRACTOR and approved by COMPANY.
Detailed cut Plan shall be defined before testing start and shall be approved by
COMPANY.
AP L.2 Specimen preparation

Test specimens shall be extracted in the position specified in Figure 2a of TR 7.4.3.1.
The specimen is a Four Point Bent Test type (FPBT) according to EFC 16 method. Three
sets of two specimens shall be taken in transverse direction with respect to the girth
weld.
Both full and reduced thickness transverse specimens shall be with root surface
machined flush removing the minimum amount material.
Full thickness (FT) specimen with a width of minimum 15 mm shall be used for
specimen transverse to the girth weld. CONTRACTOR could propose other width values
to COMPANY, for approval. Reduced specimen (size 115×15×5 mm) can be used, with
COMPANY approval, taken at mid thickness and at internal surface.
The weld shall always be in the center of the specimen. Test specimens shall be marked
using a stamped or vibratory stencilled in a region within 13 mm of either end on the
compression side. An evidence of test specimen identification shall be provided.
After specimen preparation NDT shall be executed on all specimens prior to test (e.g.
dye penetrant or magnetic particles). Specimens showing superficial weld imperfections
shall be scrapped.
Test specimens shall be degreased with solvent and rinsed with acetone before testing.
The stressed section of the test specimen shall not be contaminated after cleaning.
In case of other test configurations they shall be proposed and approved by COMPANY.
AP L.3 Tests loading conditions

Tests shall be performed by applying the maximum tensile load to the internal surface
of the weld (weld root shall be exposed to a tensile loading).
Specimens shall be loaded at 90% of AYS of the base material, evaluated as per the
following:
1. Tensile tests shall be carried out on both parent pipes in parallel direction with
respect to pipe axis to determine the load for the transverse specimen;
2. For both pipes the strain corresponding to 90% of AYS shall be deduced,
considering the RT0.5 values;
3. The lowest strain of the two pipes shall be taken as the reference value for the
SSC tests.

Page 74 of 80
The strain gage readings shall be used to determine the displacement, to achieve the
strain corresponding of a stress applied equal to 90% of AYS.
AP L. 4 Test arrangement
Test arrangement is schematically showed in EFC 16 method B.
The SSC test shall be carried out with Solution A as defined in the standard NACE
TM0177 or if required by COMPANY at project specific conditions.
Test duration of exposures is 720 hours.
Test solution volume shall be 30 ± 10 ml/cm2 of test specimen surface area.
Any deviation from the test solution shall be agreed between COMPANY and
CONTRACTOR before starting the test.
In case of alternative test arrangements, they shall be proposed by CONTRACTOR and

agreed with COMPANY
AP L.5 Specimen examination

At the end of the test, specimens shall be rinsed with water and cleaned with acetone.
Surface appearance of each specimen shall be documented and photographed by using

a stereomicroscope at 10X magnification before any cleaning procedure for corrosion
product removal.
If corrosion products are present, a cleaning procedure for corrosion product removal
shall be performed in accordance to ASTM G1.
At the end of testing, the following procedure shall be applied:
1. Presence of cracks shall be investigated by stereomicroscope at 10X

magnification and documented;
2. A non-destructive control test (e.g. dye penetrant, magnetic particles)
shall be carried out on the specimens before sectioning, trying to anticipate
presence of cracking;
3. Destructive tests with specimens sectioning, as described below.
On transverse specimens, if some defects are observed, sectioning shall be done in

correspondence with these specific points; if not, sectioning shall be done at ¼ and mid-
width of each specimen, according to EFC 16.
Photographic documentation shall be taken by Optical Microscope up to 100X

magnification.
In presence of cracks, the specimen shall be etched in order to ascertain failure

propagation modality. Any defects or cracks shall be indicated.
The samples showing evident cracking after testing, shall be examined in the fracture
surfaces in order to check that cracking did not occur starting (or caused by) an original
weld imperfection.

Page 75 of 80
Evidence of original weld imperfection, shall be reported to the COMPANY for final
decision.
Hardness testing shall be performed at 3 locations on selected macrosection taken

adjacent to the FPBT tests not subjected to SSC test.
The hardness values shall comply with the limit specified in the par. AR 7.4.3.7 of this
specification.
AP L.6 Acceptance criteria

No failure shall occur within the 720 hours period of test.
For all specimens, failure is defined as:
- complete separation of the FPBT specimen;

- presence of surface breaking fissures or cracks at 10X magnification, on any
inspected surfaces;
No retesting is allowed without COMPANY approval.
Any specimen failure shall be immediately reported to the COMPANY for review and
confirmation.
Any tendency for blistering shall be reported after visual examination, with photographic
documentation.
AP L.7 Reporting results

At the conclusion of testing, the CONTRACTOR shall prepare and submit a draft report
within seven working days.
The report shall be finalised and submitted to COMPANY after discussion of the results.
Report shall include, as a minimum, the following information:
- Identification of pipes and girth weld;

- Scheme of specimen sampling;
- Identification, dimensions and tolerances of the specimens;
- Table with the testing program (specimen ID, testing conditions....);
- Experimental procedure: configuration adopted for the test, detailed calibration
procedure and detailed testing procedure;
- Results summarized in a table with the clear evidence of “pass” and “not pass”
for each tested specimen as indicated in the acceptance criteria with relevant
photographic documentation, including hardness test results (for information
only). The documentation for all the tested specimens shall be attached as Annex
in the report;
- Material mill certificates and tensile test certificates as Annex in the report.

Page 76 of 80
AP ANNEX M - QUALITY SYSTEM
AP M.1 General
CONTRACTOR shall submit for COMPANY approval the CVs of the following key
personnel of the QA/QC department:
- Project Quality Manager;

- Certified International Welding Engineer (IWE);
- Certified International Welding Inspectors (IWI).
Project Quality Manager shall be responsible of the QA/QC department and shall be
clearly identified in the project organization chart.
PQM shall be responsible of the QA/QC team organisation to assure that all this
Specification requirements are fulfilled.
PQM shall be available on site on full time basis during the pipeline construction and
shall be responsible of the preparation of the quality control plan.
Welding engineer (IWE) shall be the focal point in leading all the welding procedure
qualification, NDT and laboratory tests.
CONTRACTOR’s welding inspectors (IWI) shall be available and shall be responsible for
supervision and monitoring in site activities to assure that all this Specification
requirements are fulfilled.
Welding inspector shall supervise each areas where welding activities are ongoing
including all the actions that could affect the final welding qualities (e.g. pipe cutting,
bevel preparation acceptance, etc.).
A written procedure/execution plan for at least each activities described in the

paragraphs M.2 to M.14 shall be issued by CONTRACTOR for COMPANY approval at least
30 days before to start with the relevant working phase.
AP M.2. Procedure qualification test (WPQT)

The procedure shall detail the WPQT process. A procedure shall define and detail at
least the following:
- Previous experience of consumable for sour service;
- Realization technique of the weld test;
- Welding equipment;
- pWPS to be qualified;
- Preheating systems for welding test piece qualification;
- Welding parameter registration tool (data sheet and calibration certificates);
- Test matrix;
- Specimens location and information supplied to the laboratory;
- Records and inspection forms;
- Personnel responsibilities and duties.

Page 77 of 80
AP M.3 Corrosion testing

This procedure shall define the realization of the corrosion test as per requirement in
7.4 and Annex “L”. All the following details shall be included:
- Specimen machining (dimension, tolerances and surface preparation);
- Specimen tensioning technique;
- Strength measurement technique;
- Solution preparation;
- Inspection technique;
- Acceptation criteria.
AP M.4 NDT procedures

A procedure shall be submitted for each inspection method as per ISO 13847
requirement and amendment of this Specification.
AP M.5 Bevelling, tapering and cut pipe procedure

A procedure shall define and detail at least the following:
- Bevel preparation technique;
- Equipment and tools;
- Geometry tolerances;
- Inspection frequency and tools;
AP M.6 Preheating, interpass and temperature maintaining

- Preheating technique and equipment (for each WPS to be used);
- Preheating Inspection frequency and tools;
- Temperature maintaining, technique and equipment;
- Temperature maintaining frequency and tools;
- Registrations equipment;
AP M.7 Consumables storage & handling procedure

- Filler metal qualified batches list;
- Shielding gas;
- Consumable storage details;
- Handling;
- Transportation on site and reconditioning;

Page 78 of 80
AP M.8 Main line/fire line welding

An execution plan shall define and detail at least the following:
- Working phases sequences;
- Fit-up description;
- Preheating and temperature maintaining technique/equipment;
- Welding process description;
- Welding equipment description;
- Welding requirements;
AP M.9 Tie-ins and golden welds realization

- Working sequences;
- Fit-up description;
- Welding process description;
- Welding equipment description;
- Welding requirement;
AP M.10 Repair procedure

- Localization of the defect;
- Defect removal;
- NDT on the excavation area;
- Preheating and temperature maintaining technique/equipment;
- Welding requirements;
- NDT after repair;
- Repair log;
AP M.11 Arc strike and surface defect removal without welding operation
- Localization of the defect;
- Defect removal;
- Thickness monitoring;
- NDT;
- Minimum admissible thickness;

Page 79 of 80
AP M.12 Welding inspection procedure

- Inspection techniques;
- Inspection frequency;
- Welding parameters registration systems;
- Measurement instrument list and relative calibration certificates;
AP M.13 Welding traceability and pipe tracking system

- Weld identification procedure;
- Inspection records management;
- Quality data;
- Traceability;
- Pipe tracking system.
AP M.14 PWHT procedure

If PWHT is required in WPS, a procedure shall submitted for COMPANY approval
according to the requirements of ISO 13847 and the amendments of this
specification (ref para TR9.19).
AP M.15 De-magnetizing procedure

- De-Magnetizing System;
- Residual Magnetism Measurement System;
- Acceptance Criteria;
- Traceability.

Page 80 of 80
AP ANNEX N – BATCH TESTING OF WELDING CONSUMABLES
AP N.1 General
Batch testing shall be conducted to verify that consumables not tested during
qualification of the welding procedure will give a deposited weld metal nominally
equivalent to those batches used for welding procedure qualification, with respect to
chemistry and mechanical properties.
The batch testing shall be performed for all welding consumables, including possible
wire/flux combinations. Consumable batches and combinations used during WPQR are
considered tested.
Each individual product (brand name and dimensions) shall be tested once per
batch/lot, except for solid wire originating from the same heat, where one diameter may
represent all. SAW fluxes do not require individual testing but SAW wires shall be tested
in combination with a selected, nominal batch of flux of the same classification as used
for welding.
AP N.2 Mechanical testing
The testing shall be performed on samples taken from test pieces welded according to
the welding procedure to be used in production. Samples shall be removed from the 12
and 6 o'clock positions and from the 3 or 9 o'clock positions.
The testing at each position shall include:
- 1 transverse all weld metal tensile test;

- 1 macro section taken adjacent to the all-weld metal tensile test. The macro
section shall be hardness tested (HV10) vertically through the weld center line
with indentations spaced 1.5 mm apart;
- 1 set of Charpy V-notch test at weld center line in the same locations as tested
during WPQT.
Test temperature shall be the same as for qualification of the relevant welding
procedure.
The mechanical properties shall meet the specified minimum requirements.
AP N.3 Chemical analysis
For solid wire, the analysis shall represent the product itself. For coated electrodes and
cored wires, the analysis shall represent the weld metal, deposited according to EN
26847 (ISO 6847). The analysis, made by manufacturer or contractor, shall include:
- all elements specified in the relevant classification standard and the relevant
data sheet;
- Ni content.
The chemical analysis shall be in accordance with the composition ranges stated in the
Manufacturer's data sheets.


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COMPANY TECHNICAL STANDARD

GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR FIELD WELDING

Previous identification code

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Consulted Distribution List

Date Name Surname/Business Unit Company

December 2016 G. Cognigni /COETA/FATA Eni/PMEC/TA&E

Informed Distribution List

Date Name Surname/Business Unit Company

December 2016 M. Barbieri /TA&E Eni/PMEC

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

1. Local Regulations of the Country where the equipment is installed;

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

PART I – GENERAL DATA............................................................................................................. 7

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

10 NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING ............................................................................................ 53

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

PART I – GENERAL DATA

This specification consists of two parts (Part I and Part II).

Part II gives amendments and supplements to sections and appendixes of International

In Part II of this specification, the sections and paragraph numbering of ISO

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

The order of precedence of the applicable documents shall be:

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

PART II – AMENDMENTS AND SUPPLEMENT TO ISO 13847:2013

Requirements specified in PART I – paragraph 1 of this specification shall apply.

AR2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

AP2.1 Company Standards

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

PM 3.1 approved welder

PM 3.2 approved welding operator

PM 3.3 approved WPS

PM 3.10 girth weld

AP 3.28 accredited laboratory

AP 3.31 certification body (Third Party)

AP 3.32 discontinued weld

AP 3.33 fillet weld

AP 3.34 golden weld

AP 3.34 heat input

AP 3.35 interpass temperature

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

AP 3.36 material designed for the project

AP 3.37 preheating temperature

AP 3.38 preliminary Welding Procedure Specification (pWPS)

AP 3.40 thermal efficiency (k)

AP 3.41 Welding Procedure Qualification Record (WPQR)

4 SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATED TERMS

AR 4.2 Abbreviated terms

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

TR 6 INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE COMPANY

COMPANY’s requirements as per this

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

COMPANY’s requirements as per this

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

COMPANY’s requirements as per this

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

7 WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION AND QUALIFICATION

Previously approved and qualified welding procedures are not acceptable.

- Minimum simulated PWHT corresponding to the minimum number of PWHT to be