A Sample Performance-Based Design Report For Structural Designers

Project No: 2010-0007 
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Seismic Performance Based Evaluation
of Park Terraces Tower 3
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Performance Based Evaluation Report

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This document is to present the performance based evaluation of Park Terraces Tower 3,
located in Makati City, Philippines.
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Report For
SY^2+Associates Inc.
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18 August 2011
Seismic Performance Based Evaluation of Park
Terraces Tower 3
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Report For
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18 August 2011
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Seismic Performance Based Evaluation of Park Terraces Tower 3
Structural Design Peer Review and Performance Based Evaluation of 52-Story Residential Building
Content
Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 5

1.1 Project Description ............................................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Objective of Work ................................................................................................................................. 5
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1.3 About this Report .................................................................................................................................. 5
1.4 Special Terms and Conditions .............................................................................................................. 5
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Chapter 2 Design Criteria .......................................................................................................................... 6
2.1 Seismic Performance Objectives .......................................................................................................... 6
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2.2 Seismic Performance Criteria ............................................................................................................... 6
2.2.1 Frequent/Service Level of Earthquake ........................................................................................... 6
2.2.2 Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) Level ............................................................................ 7
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2.3 Design Approach .................................................................................................................................. 7
2.4 Material Properties ............................................................................................................................... 9
2.4.1 Concrete Properties ....................................................................................................................... 9
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2.4.2 Reinforcing Steel Properties .......................................................................................................... 9
2.5 Loading Criteria .................................................................................................................................... 9
2.5.1 Gravity Loading.............................................................................................................................. 9
2.5.2 Earthquake Load ......................................................................................................................... 10
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2.6 Load Combinations............................................................................................................................. 12
2.6.1 Frequent/Service Level of Earthquake ......................................................................................... 12
2.6.2 MCE Level ................................................................................................................................... 12
2.7 Analysis Method ................................................................................................................................. 13
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Chapter 3 Modeling Procedure ................................................................................................................ 14

3.1 Typical Building Floor Plan ................................................................................................................. 14
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3.2 Modeling and Analysis Tools .............................................................................................................. 14

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3.3 Material Properties ............................................................................................................................. 15

3.3.1 Concrete Properties ..................................................................................................................... 15
3.3.2 Steel Properties ........................................................................................................................... 16
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3.4 Shear Wall Modeling .......................................................................................................................... 16

3.5 Coupling Beam Modeling ................................................................................................................... 19
3.6 Columns and Beams Modeling ........................................................................................................... 22
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3.7 Floor Slab Modeling............................................................................................................................ 23

3.8 Basement Wall Modeling .................................................................................................................... 23
3.9 Support/ Foundation Modeling ........................................................................................................... 23
3.10 Buckling Restrained Braces Modeling ........................................................................................ 23
3.11 Effects of Adjacent Tower ........................................................................................................... 24
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3.12 Damping modeling ...................................................................................................................... 25

3.13 Floor Masses .............................................................................................................................. 25
3.14 Gravity Load ............................................................................................................................... 25
3.15 Earthquake Load ........................................................................................................................ 26
Chapter 4 Analysis Results ...................................................................................................................... 27

4.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................ 27
4.2 Modal Analysis ................................................................................................................................... 27
4.3 Service Level Earthquake Analysis .................................................................................................... 29
4.3.1 Story Drift ..................................................................................................................................... 29
AIT CONSULTING page 3 of 136

4.3.2 RC Wall Shear ............................................................................................................................. 29
4.3.3 Coupling Beam Shear.................................................................................................................. 33
4.3.4 Coupling Beam Moment .............................................................................................................. 35
4.3.5 BRB Forces ................................................................................................................................. 36
4.4 Nonlinear Time History Analysis ......................................................................................................... 38
4.4.1 Base Shear .................................................................................................................................. 38
4.4.2 Story Shear .................................................................................................................................. 38
4.4.3 Story Moments............................................................................................................................. 38
4.4.4 Story Drifts ................................................................................................................................... 38
4.4.5 Axial Strain in Flexural Steel and Shear Wall .............................................................................. 43
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4.4.6 Shear Forces in Shear Wall ......................................................................................................... 43
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4.4.7 Coupling Beam ............................................................................................................................ 43
4.4.8 Columns ...................................................................................................................................... 44
4.4.9 BRB’s Strain and Ductility ............................................................................................................ 45
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4.4.10 Basement Walls Design ........................................................................................................... 47
4.4.11 Design Check of Lateral Load Transfer from Diaphragm to Core Wall .................................... 47
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Chapter 5 Summary ................................................................................................................................. 50
5.1 Summary ............................................................................................................................................ 50
5.1.1 Service Level Performance .......................................................................................................... 50
5.1.2 MCE Level Performance .............................................................................................................. 50
Appendix A
Appendix B
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Appendix C 107
Appendix D 112
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Appendix-E 119
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Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Project Description
The Park Terraces Tower Project is located in Arnaiz St., Makati City near Glorieta
Commercial Center, consisting of three high-rise residential towers. Phase 2 of the project
includes the Park Terraces Tower 3 which is 62-story high-rise building (about 200 meter
above ground level) and 3½ stories of below grade parking (extending approximately 13m
below grade). The tower consists mainly of residential units, and a terrace and amenity
deck. The ground level contains retail and back of the house space.
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1.2 Objective of Work
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The main objective of the work to be carried out is to design the building in performance-
based approach for seismic design with predictable and safety performance when
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subjected to different levels of earthquakes.
1.3 About this Report
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This document presents the Seismic Performance Based Evaluation of Park Terraces Tower 3.
The first chapter is the introduction of the project. The second chapter presents the details
about the building performance criteria. The third chapter describes the modeling
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techniques, modeling assumptions and analysis procedures. The fourth chapter presents the
discussion of the analysis results. The summary of the above chapters is presented in the last
chapter.
1.4 Special Terms and Conditions

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This report specifically and exclusively focuses and limits itself to the technical aspects and
does not attempt to comment upon any party’s contractual, legal or commercial
responsibilities or liabilities.
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Chapter 2 Design Criteria
2.1 Seismic Performance Objectives
The specific performance objectives for the design of the building for three levels of
earthquake hazards are shown in the following table:
Table 2-1: Performance Objectives
Level of Earthquake Earthquake Performance Objective
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Frequent/Service: 50% probability of Serviceability: Structure to remain
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exceedance in 30 years (43-year return), 2.5% essentially elastic with minor damage to
damping structural and non-structural elements
Design Basis Earthquake (DBE): As defined by Code Level: Moderate structural damage;
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ASCE 7, Section 11.4, 5% damping extensive repairs may be required
Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE): 2 to Collapse Prevention: Extensive structural
3% damping damage; repairs are required and may
not be economically feasible
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2.2 Seismic Performance Criteria
2.2.1 Frequent/Service Level of Earthquake lU

The expected responses of building components to fulfill the performance objective at
frequent/service level of earthquake are shown in the following table.
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Table 2-2: Performance Criteria for Service Level Earthquake
Item Value
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Story Drift 0.5 percent

Coupling Beams Shear strength to remain essentially elastic
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Core Wall Flexure Remain essentially elastic

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Core Wall Shear Remain essentially elastic

Buckling Restrained Braces Remain elastic ( no yielding permitted)
Acceptance Criteria:
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Essentially elastic behavior for service level analyses will be defined as no more than 20% of
the elements with ductile actions in the building having a demand/capacity ration
between 1.0 and 1.5. No elements will be allowed to have a demand/capacity ratio
greater than 1.5. Element capacity will be calculated using expected strength and strength
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reductions factors in accordance with current material codes.

Brittle actions will be limited to demand/capacity ratio of 1.0. Element capacity will be
calculated using specified strength and strength reductions factors in accordance with
current material codes.
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2.2.2 Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) Level
The expected responses of building components to fulfill the performance objective at MCE
level are shown in the following table.
Acceptance Criteria:
Ductile actions and drift: Average demands are used. Capacity is calculated using
expected material properties and strength reduction factors set to 1.0. In this building all the
actions are assumed to be ductile except shear wall shear, basement walls shear and
basement and podium diaphragm shear.
Brittle behavior: The capacity is checked against 1.3 times the average MCE demand using
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expected material strength and code specified strength reduction factors. The brittle
behavior is checked for shear wall, basement walls and basement and podium diaphragm.
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Table 2-3: Performance Criteria for Maximum Considered Earthquake
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Item Value
Story Drift 3 percent under MCE, taken as the average of 7
response history results.
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Coupling Beam Rotation (with 0.06 radian rotation limit, taken as the average of 7
Diagonal Shear Reinforcement) response history results
Coupling Beam Rotation (With 0.025 radian rotation limit, taken as the average of 7
conventional
reinforcement)
shear
Core Wall Reinforcement Axial

Strain
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response history results
Rebar strain = 0.05 in tension and 0.02 in compression,

taken as the average of 7 response history results
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Core Wall Concrete Axial Strain Concrete Compression Strain = 0.004 + 0.1 ρ(fy / f’c),
taken as the average of 7 response history results
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Core Wall Shear All Core Wall sections are verified for the shear
demand based on the average of the 7 response
history results multiplied by a load factor of 1.3. Wall
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shear capacity considers code-specified phi-factors

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and expected material strength.

Basement Walls All basement walls are checked for the shear demand
based on the average of the 7 response history results
multiplied by a load factor of 1.3. Wall shear capacity
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considers code-specified phi-factors and expected

material strengths.
Slab Outrigger beam Included to study impact to core and column only. The
performance of the moment hinges is not specifically
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reviewed.
2.3 Design Approach

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The following structural elements are designed in anticipation of non-linear response:

 Core wall coupling beams
 Core wall flexural response
 Slab Outrigger beam

The following structural elements are designed to remain essentially elastic during the non-
linear response of the items listed above:
 Core wall shear
 Diaphragms
 Basement walls
 Foundations
 Columns
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To demonstrate that the design is capable of providing code equivalent seismic
performance, a three- step analysis and design procedure is performed:
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Preliminary Design Phase
Design structural components that are
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anticipated to yield based on the maximum
Preliminary Design demands from wind and code-level response
Phase spectrum analysis.
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Perform initial design for structural components
that are to remain elastic (using amplification
factor).
The design conforms to all Building Code
Serviceability
Check
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section of this report.
Serviceability Check
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Quantify primary response characteristics such as
story drift, coupling beam and shear wall
demands to establish serviceability of the
structure when subjected to a response spectrum
corresponding to a 43-year return period.
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Verification Phase
Verification Phase
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Design verification using a three-dimensional non-

linear response history analysis (NLRHA)
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considering the MCE. The initial design is adjusted

as required to meet the acceptance criteria.
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2.4 Material Properties
2.4.1 Concrete Properties

The following table shows the nominal strength and expected strength of concrete with
respect to the structural member type.
Table 2-4: Concrete Properties
Member Nominal fC’ Expected fC’
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Basement Walls 35 MPa 38.5 MPa
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Foundation Mats 40 MPa 44 MPa
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Non-Post-Tensioned Beams and Slabs 40 MPa 44 MPa
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Post-Tensioned Floor Slabs 40 MPa 44 MPa
Columns – Podium 40 MPa 44 MPa
Columns – Tower (33rd Lvl.– Rdeck)

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Columns – Tower (Found – 33rd Lvl.) 62 MPa 68.2 MPa

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Shear Walls (33rd Lvl.– Rdeck) 55 MPa 60.5 MPa
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Shear Walls (Found – 33rd Lvl.) 62 MPa 68.2 MPa

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2.4.2 Reinforcing Steel Properties

The following table shows the nominal strength and expected strength of reinforcing steel.
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Table 2-5: Steel Properties
Standard Nominal fy Expected fy

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ASTM A706 400 MPa 460 MPa
2.5 Loading Criteria

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A summary of the project-specific loading criteria are as follows.
2.5.1 Gravity Loading

The following loads are used in addition to the self weight of the structure. The minimum
loading requirements have been taken from table 4-1 of ASCE 7-05. For more detailed
gravity loading assumptions, refer to the load maps included in the structural drawings. Live
loads are reduced where permitted in accordance with Section 4.8 of ASCE 7-05. Loads
are given in pounds per square foot (psf).

Table 2-6: Gravity Loads
Superimposed
Use Live Loading
Dead Loading
Amenity/Health Club 100 psf (NR) 30 psf
Corridors and Stairs 100 psf (NR) 30 psf
Light Storage 125 psf (NR) 30 psf
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250psf (NR) or
Loading Dock 30 psf
AASHTO HS-20
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Mechanical/Electrical 150 psf (NR) 25 psf
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Lobbies /Assembly 100 psf (NR) 45 psf
Office 50 psf 55 psf
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Parking Garage 50 psf 3 psf
Residential 40 psf 65 psf
Residential Balconies (less than 10sqm)

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Roof 40 psf 35 psf

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Stores (Retail) 100 psf 45 psf
In addition to these uniform slab loads, a perimeter dead load is applied to the structure to
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account for the weight of the cladding system.

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Table 2-7: Cladding Loads

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Load Type Load (psf)
Curtain Wall 12 psf (wall area)

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Fully grouted 6” CMU 60 psf (wall area)

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Masonry Veneer 40 psf (wall area)
Precast 75 psf (wall area)

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2.5.2 Earthquake Load

(a) Frequent/Service Level of Earthquake
For the performance evaluation at service level of earthquake hazard, a response spectrum
provided by the client is used. The response spectrum of for serviceability check is shown in
figure below.

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Figure 2-1: Response Spectrum at service level earthquake (2.5% damping)
(b) MCE Level lU

Seven pairs of ground motions, which were provided by the client, are used to conduct the
nonlinear time history analysis. The response spectra of seven ground motions are shown in
figure below.
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Figure 2-2: Response Spectra– Fault Normal Earthquakes

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Figure 2-3: Response Spectra– Fault Parallel Earthquakes
2.6 Load Combinations
2.6.1 Frequent/Service Level of Earthquake lU

The following load combination is used for service level earthquake analysis.
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Table 2-8: Serviceability Load Combination
Identifier Load Combinations

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Load Combination 1.0D + 0.25 L ± 1.0 E

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Where: D = dead load

L = unreduced live load
Eservice = serviceability response spectrum
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Seismic directional effects are considered as follows:

Eservice = ± 1.0 Eservice_x ± 0.3 Eservice_ y and ± 0.3 Eservice_x ± 1.0 Eservice_y
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2.6.2 MCE Level
The following load combination is used for each of the seven ground motions.
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Table 2-9: Load Combination
Identifier Load Combinations
Load Combination 1.0D + 0.25 L ± 1.0 E
Where: D = dead load

L = unreduced live load
E = earthquake load (ground motion records)

2.7 Analysis Method
For service level earthquake linear response spectrum analysis is carried out to evaluate the
performance whereas full nonlinear dynamic time history analysis is conducted for the MCE
level earthquake.
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Chapter 3 Modeling Procedure
3.1 Typical Building Floor Plan
The original floor plan is simplified into regular floor plan as shown in figure below. Black color
rectangular shape shows the floor plan considered in MCE analysis.
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Figure 3-1: Simplified Floor Plan for Analysis

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3.2 Modeling and Analysis Tools

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A complete full 3D finite element model has been created which includes the tower and
the whole podium structures.
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The modeling, analysis and performance evaluation of building for service level earthquake
are carried out in CSI ETABS 9.7 computational platform. An elastic model is created for
service level earthquake with the specified material properties and specified stiffness
modifier (provided in design criteria) of the section at service level earthquake.
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For the MCE level performance evaluation, nonlinear 3D model is created in CSI PERFORM-
3D (Version 4.0.4) computational platform. The detail procedures and modeling approach
for the nonlinear model is described in following sections.
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3.3 Material Properties
3.3.1 Concrete Properties

Expected material strengths are used for MCE analysis. Effect of confinements is taken into
account for the compressive strength and ductility of concrete. Mander’s (1994)
confinement model is used to determine the confinement effect. The sample calculation for
confinement of concrete using Mander’s formula is shown in Supplement-A. In PERFORM 3D,
concrete material is modeled with tri-linear backbone curve. Tensile strength of concrete is
neglected.
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Figure 3-2: Sample Backbone Curve for Unconfined Concrete

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Figure 3-3: Sample Backbone Curve for Confined Concrete

3.3.2 Steel Properties
The expected material strength of reinforcing steel is used in MCE analysis. The steel material
is modeled with trilinear backbone curve. Yield strength is taken as 1.15 times nominal fy
and the ultimate strength is estimated as 1.5 times expected fy with approximately 1% of
strain hardening.
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Figure 3-4: Sample Backbone Curve for Reinforcement Steel
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3.4 Shear Wall Modeling
Fiber modeling technique is used to model the flexural behavior of the core wall. PERFORM-
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3D shear wall element is used to model the nonlinear behavior of shear wall.
The section of the core wall has different pier sizes. The piers are grouped into 4 types
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named as P1, P2, P3, and P4 as shown in the following figure.

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Basically, two parallel fiber sections are used to model the shear wall. The first fiber section
consists of concrete and only uniformly distributed steel and the second fiber section
consists of boundary zone steel reinforcement only. For the uniformly distributed concrete
and steel, auto-size fiber elements are used whereas for latter one, fixed size fiber elements
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are used. Shear behavior in the wall is modeled with elastic material properties.
P1 P3 P3 P1
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P4 P4
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P1 P2 P2 P1
Figure 3-5: Pier IDs of Core Wall

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Figure 3-6: Fiber Modeling of Concrete Shear Wall
The sample input parameters for the flexural modeling of concrete shear wall in PERFORM
3D are shown in the following figures.
The material strength for the shear is calculated as V= 10√fc’ (Psi) at MCE level hazard. The
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shear behavior of the wall is modeled as elastic and the stiffness of shear wall in shear is
reduced to 50% assuming that there will be significant crack during analysis. The elastic
property of the concrete shear wall is shown in figure 3-9.
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Furthermore, the out of plane bending and shear are also modeled as elastic. Out of plane
stiffness of the wall is reduced to one-fourth value in order to consider the effect of concrete
cracking. Similarly, horizontal axial/bending stiffness is also kept elastic (see figure 3-10).
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Figure 3-7: Sample Input Form for Shear Wall (Flexural)–– Concrete +Steel
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Figure 3-8: Sample Input form for Shear wall (Flexural)– Extra Steel Only
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Figure 3-9: Sample Input Form for Shear Wall (Shear)– Elastic Shear

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3.5 Coupling Beam Modeling
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Figure 3-10: Sample Input Form for Shear Wall -Horizontal Axial/Bending Stiffness
In this building, two types of coupling beams are present. First one is deep beam having
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span to depth ratio of 1.9 (<4, beam label L1, L2 in structural drawings) and second one is
slender beam having span to depth ratio of 4.3 (>4, beam label L3, L4 in structural drawings)
as shown in the following Figure 3-12 to Figure 3-14. Deep beams are dominated by shear
behavior, so they are modeled for shear deformation controlled while the slender beams
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are modeled for flexural behavior.

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Figure 3-11: Coupling Beam IDs

The deep coupling beam is modeled with elastic frame section with a nonlinear shear hinge
located at mid span of the element. The capacity of the shear hinge is calculated based
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on the diagonal reinforcements. The elastic stiffness of the deep beams is reduced to
0.16EIg.
The shear capacity of diagonal reinforcement is calculated based on formula provided in
ACI 318-08. The ultimate point is taken as the 1.33 times of the yielding capacity.
The sample calculation for coupling beam is in Supplement -B. The sample input forms of
the coupling beam (L1/L2) for shear force-deformation curve along with the energy
degradation curve, and hysteretic behavior are shown in the following figures.
The slender coupling beam is modeled with two moment hinges placed at the ends of the
beam. The capacity of the moment-curvature hinges are calculated based on the
longitudinal reinforcements provided in the beams. The deformations capacities are taken

from ASCE 41-06 for the flexural coupling beams. In the slender beam, only moment hinges
are used at the ends of the slender coupling beams. The elastic stiffness of the slender
beams is reduced to 0.5EIg.
The sample calculation for coupling beam is in Supplement -B. The sample input forms of
the coupling beam (L3/L4) for moment-rotation curve along with the energy degradation
curve, and hysteretic behavior are shown in figures 3-15 to 3-17.
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Figure 3-12: Sample Input Form for Coupling Beam L1/L2 - (Shear force-
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deformation)
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Figure 3-13: Sample input form for coupling beam L1/L2 - (Energy Degradation)

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Figure 3-14: Sample input form for coupling beam L1/L2 - (Hysteretic Behavior)
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Figure 3-15: Sample input form for coupling beam L3/L4 - (moment-rotation
curve)

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Figure 3-16: Sample input form for coupling beam L3/L4 - (Energy Degradation)
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Figure 3-17: Sample input form for coupling beam L3/L4 - (Hysteretic Behavior)
3.6 Columns and Beams Modeling

The columns, girder, and beams are modeled as elastic frame member. The capacities of
these members are checked against the forces extracted from MCE analysis. The elastic
stiffness of the columns and beams are reduced to 0.7 E Ig and 0.5 E Ig respectively.

3.7 Floor Slab Modeling
In the tower portion, the floor is modeled as rigid floor diaphragm. The slab is not modeled
for the tower portion. However, equivalent “slab outrigger beams” are modeled in order to
study impact of slab to core and column only. Slab outrigger beams are modeled with
nonlinear hinges at both the ends of the beam. Moment-curvature type of hinge is used to
model nonlinearity in the slab-beam. The moment capacity of the slab beam is calculated
based on the reinforcement in the slab. However, the performance of the moment hinges is
not specifically reviewed.
At the podium and basements level, the slabs are modeled without rigid floor diaphragm.
Slabs in the podium and basement are modeled using shell element. The elastic stiffness of
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the slabs and equivalent slab-beams are reduced to 0.5EIg. The sample calculation for
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“equivalent slab beams” is shown in Supplement-C.
3.8 Basement Wall Modeling
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The basement wall is modeled as linear shear wall element. Fiber model is used to model
the basement wall. Only concrete is used for the fiber modeling purpose.
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3.9 Support/ Foundation Modeling
The base of the reinforced concrete shear wall is modeled as pinned at the location of mat
whereas the columns and basement walls are modeled as fixed support. Furthermore, for
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this analysis, the basement walls are also restrained by lateral springs in lateral direction to
take into account the restraining effect of lateral soil. In order to take into account the
flexibility of the diaphragm, the stiffness of the ground floor and below–grade diaphragms
are reduced to 0.1 Ag. The sample calculation for lateral soil spring stiffness is shown in
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Supplement-D.
3.10 Buckling Restrained Braces Modeling

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BRBs are used in this design in order to enhance the performance of the buildings. The
intended benefits of using BRB in this building are to reduce the story drifts and
displacement as well as to participate in the outriggering effect to account the overturning
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moment in the tower. Moreover, using the BRB’s can also reduce the base shear in the
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building by dissipating the energy.

Two different levels of designed forces are used for the BRBs in this building. One is from level
27th-31st floor and another from 50th- 54th floor. All together there are 16 BRB’s used in the
building. Eight BRB’s are located at 27th-31st floor and rests are at 50th- 54th floor. The sample
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input forms for BRB modeling and hysteretic behavior of BRB are shown in the following
figures. The detail calculations of all 16 BRB’s are shown in Supplement-E.
Actual length of BRB=11881 mm
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Length of Elastic component of BRB= 1500 mm

Length of Stiff zone of BRB= 2881 mm
Effective Length of the BRB= 7500 mm
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Maximum force on BRB= 4500 KN [27th -31st floor] and 2500 KN [50th- 54th floor]
Expected Yield stress of core steel= 290 MPa (From BRB supplier)
Area of core steel= 15517mm2 [27th -31st floor] and 8621mm2 [50th- 54th floor]

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Figure 3-18: Sample Input form for BRB- Monotonic Curve (in between 27th -31st
Level)
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Figure 3-19: Sample Input form for BRB (in between 27th -31st Level)
3.11 Effects of Adjacent Tower

The effect of adjacent towers was already checked for the podium diaphragm design in
the phase of Tower 1. During the design check, the entire podium, basements and three
towers (until 3rd floor level) are modeled in SAP2000. The forces applied on each tower are
extracted from the Perform 3D model of tower 1, analyzed at MCE level. The story shear of
the tower 1 obtained from the MCE analysis at 3 rd floor level is applied as static point loads

distribute at the nodes. The point loads are applied separately in each principal direction.
For Tower 2, the loading is applied based on the orientation of the principal direction of the
tower 1 accordingly. For Tower 3, the applied lateral loading is increased to 1.2 times of the
tower 1. This is based on the assumption as there is more number of stories in tower 3 than
tower 1.
After the nonlinear analysis at MCE level for Tower 3, it is found that story shear at 3 rd floor
level in tower 3 is not larger than 1.2 times story shear of tower 1, which was assumed
previously in the diaphragm design. Hence, previous design will be adequate and the
design check is not performed separately.
3.12 Damping modeling
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In MCE analysis, the Rayleigh Damping model is used. The damping ratios are provided as
follows.
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Table 3-1: Damping ratios
Period ratio T/T1 Damping Ratio
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0.2 3%
0.9 2%
Where, T1 is first mode natural period.
3.13 Floor Masses

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The masses of the walls, floor slabs, columns, cladding and partitions are considered. The
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floor slab is modeled as a rigid diaphragm for the tower portion above second floor, and
the masses are lumped at each floor. However, for the podium and basements, mass is
distributed uniformly to the nodes of columns and core walls.
For the lumped mass, translations and rotational masses are provided. For the point mass,
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only translation masses are provided. The mass calculation is based on DL, 25% of LL and
SDL.
The rotational masses about the vertical axis are approximately calculated as
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Rotational mass =(bh3/12+b3h/12)* W

Where, b and h are the sizes of floor; W= gravity load (DL+0.25LL+SDL)
Furthermore, the mass of the cladding at the perimeter of the building is also lumped at the
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center of mass of the floor. In addition to this, the rotational mass of cladding is also added
to other lumped rotational mass.
3.14 Gravity Load

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In superstructure, the floor load including slab weight is applied as point loads. The loads are
distributed to walls and columns according to tributary area. The dead loads are as
calculated as follows.
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(a) Typical floor slab= 225 mm thick and roof slab= 150 mm thick; partial podium floor
level=125 mm thick
(b) Live load = 40 psf for all floor( 25% for MCE analysis)
(c) Superimposed Dead load = 65 psf for all floor
Density of concrete = 24 kN/m3
For the podium and basement floor, the self weight of the slab is automatically calculated
by the program. However, point loads are provided for LL and SDL. For the podium and
basement, the SDL and LL are calculated for the entire floor. First total area of podium or
basement is calculated at each floor and multiplied by LL and SDL. Then the point loads are
calculated by dividing the total loads by number of columns and wall nodes.

For the columns, beams and wall elements, the weight is calculated automatically by the
program.
3.15 Earthquake Load

Seven pair’s time histories are used in order to evaluate the seismic performance at MCE
level hazard. The analysis is carried out by applying the two components of the earthquakes
in two principal direction of the building.
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Chapter 4 Analysis Results
4.1 Overview
This chapter presents the results obtained from Modal analysis, Service Level analysis and
MCE Nonlinear Time History Analysis. DBE level response spectrum analysis results are also
presented in order to compare the design base shear with MCE base shear. MCE results are
presented in terms of base shear, story shear, story moments, story drifts, and coupling
beams rotations and shear force, column axial loads, and D/C ratios for building
components.
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4.2 Modal Analysis
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The principal co-ordinates of the buildings are shown in figure below.
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Figure 4-1: Showing the Principal Axes of Tower

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Modal analysis has been performed in order to determine the vibration modes of a building.
For the modal analysis, mass source is calculated as described in previous section. The
natural periods and modal mass participation factors of the first twelve modes are shown in
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following tables.
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Table 4-1: Modal Analysis Results
Mode Time Period Modal mass participation ratio

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X(%) Y (%)
1 7.05 0.00 37.37
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2 6.01 38.41 0.00

3 4.60 0.10 0.00
4 1.74 1.83 7.86
5 1.71 8.13 1.92
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6 1.47 0.2 0.00

7 0.88 3.11 0.00
8 0.75 0.1 0.10
9 0.71 0.00 3.80
10 0.58 2.03 0.00
11 0.48 0.18 0.00
12 0.44 0.00 3.80
Sum 54.09 54.85

It is found that 37.37% of total mass is participating in the first mode of Y-direction (Mode 1)
and 38.41% of total mass is participating in the first mode of X-direction (Mode 2). Since
there is no significant changes in mass participation in both X and Y directions of first
torsional mode (Mode 3), the building is completely symmetrical in terms of mass and
stiffness. From the table, it can be seen that the total mass participation contributed from
first twelve modes are 54% and 55% in X and Y direction respectively. In the modal analysis, it
is found that more than 50 modes are required in order to obtain the modal mass
participating ratio more than 90%.
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Translation H2
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Mode 1(7.0) Mode 4 (1.74s)
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Translation H1
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Mode 2(6.0) Mode 5 (1.71s) Mode 9(0.71s) Mode 10(0.58s)

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Torsion
Mode 3(4.60) Mode 6(1.47s) Mode 8(0.75s) Mode 11(0.48s)

Figure 4-2: Mode Shapes

4.3 Service Level Earthquake Analysis
Service level of performance evaluation is carried out by using linear response spectrum
analysis. The response spectrum for service level earthquake hazard is used from site specific
earthquake hazard report generated by Fugro and provided by the client. The response
spectrum analysis is carried out in two orthogonal directional separately. The performance
objectives of the building at service level earthquake hazards are checked in the following
subheadings.
4.3.1 Story Drift
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The story drifts of the tower under service level earthquake are shown in the following figure.
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Figure 4-3: Story drifts at service level earthquake hazard
4.3.2 RC Wall Shear

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In order to evaluate the performance of the core wall in shear, the shear wall shear
capacity is checked for service level earthquake demands. Since the shear wall has several
piers, the shear capacity is checked for individual piers. The piers are assigned the following
names as shown in figure below.
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Figure 4-4: Shear wall piers ID

The plotting of shear demand and shear capacity of each pier along the height of the
buildings are shown in following figures.
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Figure 4-5: Shear wall shear demand and capacity for pier S1
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4.3.3 Coupling Beam Shear
Performance of coupling beam is evaluated for the service level earthquake hazard. There
are two types of coupling beams (Deep beam L1, L2 and slender beam L3) as mentioned in
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chapter 3. The location of the coupling beams can be seen in the following figure.
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Figure 4-15: Coupling Beams Location L1, L2, and L3

The performances of coupling beams are evaluated from the shear force demand against
the shear capacity.
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a) Deep Beam
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Figure 4-16: Coupling beam shear demand and capacity for LB1

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4.3.4 Coupling Beam Moment
Performance of coupling beam is evaluated for the service level earthquake hazard. There
are two types of coupling beams (Deep beam L1, L2 and slender beam L3) as mentioned in
chapter 3. The location of the coupling beams can be seen in the following figure.
L2 L3 L1
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Figure 4-20: Coupling Beams Location L1, L2, and L4
The performances of coupling beams are evaluated from the shear force demand against
the moment capacity. L2 L3 L1
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a) Deep Beam
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Figure 4-21: Coupling beam moment demand and capacity for LB1
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4.3.5 BRB Forces

Performance of the BRB’s are evaluated at the service level earthquaek hazard. The
performance objective of the BRB at service level is that they should remain elastic. From
the following table, which shows the D/C ratio of BRB, it can be seen that BRB satisfy the
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performance objective
In total sixteen BRBs are used in this building. Each BRB is placed in between two floors. Eight
BRB are located in between 27th -31st floor and remaining eight BRB are located in between
50th- 54th floor. The plan view of the building with BRB is shown in figure below.
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T3.B T3.C T3.D T3.E
NORTH
T3.1
BRB BRB
T3.3
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WEST EAST
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BRB BRB
T3.6
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T3.9
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Figure 4-25: Layout of BRB in Plan

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For identification of BRB, each BRB is labeled with respect to its locations. The format of BRB
labeling is “XX BRB LY”, where XX is directional location [eg. North-Eest(NE)] and LY is floor
label [eg. Floor 29(L29)].
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Table 4-2: D/C of BRB at service level earthquake hazard

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No. BRB Location Demand (KN) Capacity (KN) D/C ratio

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1 NE BRB L27 3,005 4500 0.67

2 NW BRB L27 2,946 4500 0.65
3 SE BRB L27 2,822 4500 0.63
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4 SW BRB L27 2,894 4500 0.64

5 NE BRB L29 2,730 4500 0.61
6 NW BRB L29 2,682 4500 0.60
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7 SE BRB L29 2,581 4500 0.57

8 SW BRB L29 2,642 4500 0.59
9 NE BRB L50 1,690 2500 0.68
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10 NW BRB L50 1,728 2500 0.69

11 SE BRB L50 1,728 2500 0.69
12 SW BRB L50 1,700 2500 0.68
13 NE BRB L52 1,541 2500 0.62
14 NW BRB L52 1,579 2500 0.63
15 SW BRB L52 1,577 2500 0.63
16 SE BRB L52 1,605 2500 0.64

4.4 Nonlinear Time History Analysis
In this analysis, the fault normal earthquakes are applied in stronger direction of tower while
fault parallel earthquakes are applied in weaker direction. The strong and weak directions
of shear wall in principal axes (X and Y) are shown in figure 4.1.
4.4.1 Base Shear

The base shear is calculated from design response spectrum and nonlinear time history
analysis. The base shear is calculated above the podium level and only considered the
tower part. The seismic weight is also calculated above the podium level. The comparison
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of base shear from the analysis can be seen in table below.
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Table 4-3: Base Shear Calculated above Ground Level
Load Cases Base Shear % of (DL +
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(KN) SDL+0.25LL)
DBE Base Shear X - Response Spectrum 27123 3.45
DBE Base Shear Y-Response Spectrum 29254 3.73
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MCE Base Shear X- NLTHA 34788 4.43
MCE Base Shear Y- NLTHA 48367 6.16
*DL + SDL+0.25LL = 784300 KN

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The comparison of base shear for DBE and MCE analysis is shown in following table.
Table 4-4: Comparison of Base Shear

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Load Cases Ratio
MCE Base Shear/DBE Base Shear X 1.28
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MCE Base Shear/DBE Base Shear Y 1.65
4.4.2 Story Shear

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The story shear plot of the buildings is shown in figure 4-26. From the figures, it can be seen
that the story shear distribution is nearly triangular shape showing the dominance of first
modes in each direction X and Y. Furthermore, it can be observed that the story shear at
the basement level is generally decreased in most of the time history except some time
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histories where the story shear has increased. This may happened due to the irregular
distributions of basement walls and openings.
4.4.3 Story Moments

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The story shear plot of the buildings is shown in figure 4-27. From the figures, it can be seen
that in average the story moment distribution is nearly triangular shape showing the
dominance of first modes in each direction X and Y.
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4.4.4 Story Drifts

The story drift plot along the story of buildings is shown in figure 4-28. From the figures, it can
be seen that in average story drifts distribution is higher in Y direction than X direction drifts.
The maximum story drifts envelopes for both X and Y directions are less than 3% limit that
had been set in performance criteria of the building.
The residual drifts are also checked to protect against excessive post-earthquake
deformations. It is found that mean absolute values of residual drift ratios are less than 1%
and maximum residual drift ratio from any ground motion is less than 1.5%. The residual drifts
are plotted in Figure 4-29.

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(b)
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Figure 4-26: Story Shears in X (a) and Y (b) Directions

X
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Figure 4-27: Story Moments in X (a) and Y (b) Directions

X
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(a)
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Figure 4-28: Story Drifts in X (a) and Y (b) Directions

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(b)
Figure 4-29: Residual Story Drifts in X (a) and Y (b) Directions
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4.4.5 Axial Strain in Flexural Steel and Shear Wall

(a) Axial Strain in longitudinal flexural reinforcement
The performance of the core wall is evaluated in flexure with the MCE demand. The flexural
behavior of the shear wall is evaluated in terms of the yielding and crushing of steel and
concrete materials. The maximum allowable strains for the material (steel and concrete) for
MCE demand were set in performance criteria (Section 2.2).
The strain in steel fiber and concrete fiber are extracted from the MCE analysis.
Performance of shear wall is evaluated for compression at MCE level in terms of maximum
strain. Both tensile and compression strain in the shear wall are extracted from MCE analysis.
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The compression strain of MCE analysis is increased by 2 times and compared with the limit
set in the performance criteria (section 2-2). The plots of axial strains (both compression and
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tension) along the story of the each location are shown in Appendix A.
4.4.6 Shear Forces in Shear Wall
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In order to evaluate the performance of the core wall in shear, the shear wall shear
capacity is checked for MCE demands. Since the shear wall has several piers, the shear
capacity is checked for individual piers. The shear capacity is checked in two procedures,
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procedure used in Tower 1, and procedure mentioned in PEER 2010/05 document. In the first
procedure, load factor of 1.3 is used for MCE average shear demand, with the expected
material strengths of 1.1 fc’ and 1.15 fy for concrete and reinforcement respectively. In PEER
2010/05 procedure, load factor of 1.5 is used for MCE average shear demand, with the
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expected material strengths of 1.3 fc’ and 1.17 fy for concrete and reinforcement
respectively. Strength reduction factors in accordance with the ACI code is used in
calculation of strength in both methods. The piers are assigned the following names as
shown in figure below.
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Figure 4-30: Shear wall piers ID

The plotting of shear demand, shear capacity and maximum shear capacity limit of each
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pier along the height of the buildings based on the original reinforcement are shown in
Appendix B. Furthermore, D/C ratio of each pier is also shown in Appendix B. Furthermore,
the adjusted to satisfy the shear demand requirements, resulting from both procedures. The
shear demand, capacity, maximum shear capacity limit and D/C ratio plots for revised
reinforcement are also shown in Appendix B.
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4.4.7 Coupling Beam

Performance of coupling beam is evaluated for the MCE histories. There are two types of
coupling beams (Deep beam L1, L2 and slender beam L3, L4) as mentioned in chapter 3.
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The location of the coupling beams can be seen in the following figure.
Figure 4-31: Coupling Beams Location L1, L2, L3 and L4

The performances of coupling beams are evaluated from the deformation after yielding.
The limiting values of the coupling beams for MCE analysis are shown in performance
criteria in chapter 2.
The plots of beam rotation demand from MCE and the maximum limiting value of coupling
are shown in Appendix C. From the plot it can be seen that the coupling beam demand is
less than capacity thereby satisfying acceptance criteria.
Furthermore, for slender beam, shear demand is also checked at each story. Shear
capacity is calculated based on only transverse reinforcement, assuming that concrete will
not contribute to shear resistance due to extensive cracking under earthquake ground
motions. The plots of shear demand and capacity are shown in Appendix C.
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4.4.8 Columns
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At MCE level, the columns are checked for the flexural and shear capacity with an
objective that the columns have to remain elastic.
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Figure 4-32: Columns ID

The columns D/C ratio for the flexural is shown in the following table. From the tables, it can
be seen that in average, the columns D/C in flexure is less than 1.0. Moreover, plotting of
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shear demand and capacity of each column is presented in Appendix-E. From the plots it
can be seen that in average each column has shear demand less than the capacity.
Table 4-5: D/C Ratios in Flexure for Columns

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Column Type PMM Ratio

C1 (FDN-L03) 0.26
C1 (L03-L12) 0.12
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C1 (L12-L24) 0.30
C1 (L24-L30) 0.07
C1 (L30-L36) 0.1
C1 (L36-L37) 0.1
C1 (L37-L43) 0.11
C1 (L43-L48) 0.15
C1 (L48-LRF) 0.14
C2 (FDN-L24) 0.38

Column Type PMM Ratio
C2 (L24-L28) 0.24
C2 (L28-L36) 0.26
C2 (L36-L37) 0.22
C2 (L37-L43) 0.23
C2 (L43-L48) 0.28
C2 (L48-L54) 0.16
C2 (L54-L60) 0.37
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C3 (FDN-L03) 0.26
C3 (L03-L10) 0.15
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C3 (L10-L12) 0.03
C3 (L12-L24) 0.04
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C3 (L24-L30) 0.05
C3 (L30-L36) 0.06
C3 (L36-L40) 0.06
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C3 (L40-L43) 0.06
C3 (L43-L48) 0.06
C3 (L48-L60) 0.06
C4 (FDN-GL)
C4 (GL-L03)
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C4 (L03-L10) 0.29
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C4 (L10-L21) 0.06
C4 (L21-L24) 0.04
C4 (L24-L33) 0.04
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C4 (L33-L36) 0.03
C4 (L36-L60) 0.04
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C5 (FDN-GL) 0.33
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C5 (GL-L10) 0.54
C5 (L10-L12) 0.37
C5 (L12-L22) 0.74
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C5 (L22-L24) 0.04
C5 (L24-L33) 0.05
C5 (L33-L36) 0.04
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C5 (L36-L54) 0.04
Changes in columns axial loads are also studied. The plot of axial loads in column type C2
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for seven ground motions history are shown in Appendix D. Average MCE axial demands
along with the compression and tension capacity are plotted for all outrigger column type
C2 at different locations.
4.4.9 BRB’s Strain and Ductility

BRB are located in between 27th -31st floor and remaining eight BRB are located in
between 50th- 54th floor. The plan view of the building with BRB is shown in figure below.

T3.B T3.C T3.D T3.E
NORTH
T3.1
BRB BRB
T3.3
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WEST EAST
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BRB BRB
T3.6
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T3.9
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Figure 4-33: Layout of BRB in Plan

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For identificaiton BRB, each BRB is labed with respect to its locations. The formate of BRB
labeling is “XX BRB LY”, where XX is directional location [eg. North-west(NW)] and LY is floor
label [eg. Floor 27 (L27)].
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In order to evaluate the effectiveness of BRB and performance level, strains of BRB are
extracted from each analysis. From the analysis results output maximum ductility demand is
calculated for each earthquake. The calculation can be seen in table below.
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Yield strain of BRB (fy/E) = 0.00145 [fy= BRB steel yield stress; E= Modulus of elasticity]
From the calculation it is found that BRB has in average ductility demand less than 9.
According to ASCE41 the maximum ductility allowable ductility demand for primary braces
components is 9.
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Table 4-6: Ductility Demand in BRB

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BRB Maximum Ductility

S. N. Location TAB ARC CHY DAY ERZ LCN ROS Average
1 NW BRB L27 6.4 1.4 5.5 2.9 3.2 2.0 2.3 3.4
2 NW BRB L29 6.5 1.3 5.4 3.0 3.1 2.0 2.2 3.3
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3 SW BRB L27 5.1 2.0 5.9 3.2 2.0 4.4 1.9 3.5
4 SW BRB L29 5.0 2.0 5.7 3.3 1.8 4.3 1.9 3.4
5 NE BRB L27 3.7 1.7 5.0 2.6 2.7 5.7 2.3 3.4
6 NE BRB L29 3.7 1.6 4.9 2.6 2.7 5.6 2.2 3.3
7 SE BRB L27 7.3 1.1 4.4 3.8 3.2 1.9 2.1 3.4
8 SE BRB L29 7.6 0.9 4.3 3.9 3.1 2.0 2.0 3.4
9 NW BRB L50 11.4 1.5 5.4 4.8 10.8 1.9 5.1 5.8
10 NW BRB L52 11.4 1.6 5.2 5.6 10.9 1.9 5.0 5.9
11 SW BRB L50 12.2 2.0 7.4 5.9 13.2 4.3 5.7 7.2

BRB Maximum Ductility
S. N. Location TAB ARC CHY DAY ERZ LCN ROS Average
12 SW BRB L52 12.1 1.9 7.3 6.8 13.3 4.3 6.0 7.4
13 NE BRB L50 8.1 1.8 6.4 4.1 9.5 5.3 4.8 5.7
14 NE BRB L52 8.0 1.8 6.2 4.9 9.6 5.1 4.8 5.8
15 SE BRB L50 15.1 1.1 5.5 7.2 12.3 2.8 7.0 7.3
16 SE BRB L52 15.0 1.1 5.4 8.0 12.5 2.7 7.2 7.4
4.4.10 Basement Walls Design
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In order to obtain the lateral forces on the basement wall against the soil for MCE demand,
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nonlinear elastic bars are modeled as soil springs against the basement walls. The maximum
the axial forces (average of 7 ground motions) of nonlinear elastic at bars at each
basement level are extracted. Then, the forces are converted to lateral pressure based on
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the tributary area covered by the nonlinear elastic bars. Unit width of basement wall is
designed to resist the lateral pressure. It is found that maximum demand occurred at top
portion of the basement wall. Hence, 450 mm thickness is used in upper portion of the
basement wall and gradually reduced to the base.
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4.4.11 Design Check of Lateral Load Transfer from Diaphragm to Core Wall
Lateral load transfer from diaphragm to core wall is checked against the diaphragm forces,
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resulting from diaphragm accelerations. The maximum accelerations occurred at center of
mass at each level in each ground motion is multiplied by the mass of the diaphragm at
each level to determine the diaphragm force. Then, the design diaphragm force is
averaged from seven ground motions to check the shear transfer to core wall. The
maximum acceleration at the center of mass at each level is plotted in the following figures.
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Shear friction design method is used to check the shear force transfer from diaphragm to
core wall. It is found that the capacity is sufficient to transfer the shear force for diaphragm
to core wall. D/C ratios are summarized in the following table. Sample design check of
lateral load transfer from floor diaphragm to shear core wall is shown in Supplement.
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Story Acceleration in Minor Direction

70 Y
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60
50 TAB
ARC
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40
Story
CHY
30 DAY
ERZ
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20
LCN
10
ROS
0 AVERAGE
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
Story Acceleration (factor of g)
Figure 4-34: Maximum Story Acceleration in Minor Direction

Story Acceleration Major Direction

70
60
x
50
y
TAB
ARC
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40
Story
CHY
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30 DAY
ERZ
20
LCN
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10 ROS
AVERAGE
0
0 0.1 0.2 lU
0.3 0.4
Story Acceleration (factor of g)

0.5 0.6 0.7
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Figure 4-35: Maximum Story Acceleration in Minor Direction
Table 4-7: D/C Ratio Summary for Shear Transfer from Diaphragm to Core Wall
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Level D/C (Minor Direction) D/C (Major Direction)

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3 0.50 0.75
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5 0.49 0.71
6 0.48 0.70
7 0.48 0.67
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8 0.49 0.66
9 0.50 0.64
10 0.50 0.63
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11 0.51 0.62
12 0.51 0.60
14 0.50 0.59
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15 0.50 0.58
16 0.49 0.57
17 0.48 0.56
18 0.46 0.55
19 0.46 0.54
20 0.45 0.53
21 0.44 0.52
22 0.43 0.51

Level D/C (Minor Direction) D/C (Major Direction)
23 0.42 0.51
24 0.41 0.50
25 0.40 0.50
26 0.41 0.49
27 0.41 0.48
28 0.43 0.47
29 0.43 0.47
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30 0.44 0.45
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31 0.44 0.45
32 0.43 0.45
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33 0.44 0.45
34 0.43 0.44
35 0.44 0.43
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36 0.44 0.42
37 0.44 0.41
38 0.43 0.42
39
40
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0.44
0.43
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0.43
0.43 0.43
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42 0.42 0.43
43 0.41 0.43
44 0.41 0.43
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45 0.42 0.42
46 0.43 0.41
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47 0.45 0.40
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48 0.46 0.40
49 0.46 0.39
50
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0.46 0.39
51 0.46 0.38
52 0.45 0.35
53
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0.43 0.35
54 0.37 0.30
55 0.33 0.31
56 0.26 0.30
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57 0.22 0.31
58 0.25 0.33
59 0.26 0.28
60 0.24 0.24
61 0.28 0.24
Roof 0.22 0.18

Chapter 5 Summary
5.1 Summary
The overall building response has been evaluated at two performance levels .i.e. service
level and MCE level. Service level response is obtained from liner response spectrum analysis
and MCE level response is obtained from nonlinear dynamic time history analysis. The
performance of the building has been checked with several response indicators such as
base shear, storey shear and moments, storey drifts, D/C ratio of shear wall in both flexural
and shear, rotation of coupling beams, D/C of slender coupling beam, D/C ratio of
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outrigger columns in both flexure and shear, ductility demand in BRB’s, D/C ratio of
basement wall in shear and flexure, and D/C ratio of podium and basement diaphragms.
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5.1.1 Service Level Performance
At service level earthquake, the response of the columns and coupling beams in shear and
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moment, shear walls in flexure and shear and buckling restrained braces in axial direction
are within the elastic limit. The capacity of each element at service level is higher than the
corresponding demand in the element.
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5.1.2 MCE Level Performance
In MCE level response, from the storey shear and storey moment plots of seven time histories,
in average the results demonstrate that the building is mainly dominated by first principle
modes in both X and y direction.
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The maximum storey drifts ratio for both principal directions obtained from the MCE analysis
are less than the drift limits set in performance criteria i.e. 3%.
Flexural behavior of shear wall is evaluated based on the axial tensile strain and
na
compression strain in reinforcement and compression strain in concrete wall. From the
results, it is found that the shear wall satisfy the acceptance criteria as defined in chapter 2.
Shear capacity of the shear wall is checked against the MCE demand. The shear capacity
io
is checked in two procedures, procedure used in Tower 1, and procedure mentioned in

PEER 2010/05 document. In the first procedure, load factor of 1.3 is used for MCE average
shear demand, with the expected material strengths of 1.1 fc’ and 1.15 fy for concrete and
t
reinforcement respectively. In PEER 2010/05 procedure, load factor of 1.5 is used for MCE
ca
average shear demand, with the expected material strengths of 1.3 fc’ and 1.17 fy for
concrete and reinforcement respectively. Strength reduction factors in accordance with
the ACI code is used in calculation of strength in both methods. The shear reinforcement is
revised in some locations of the shear wall to satisfy the shear demand requirements,
du
resulting from original procedure and PEER 2010/05 procedure.

The coupling beams deformations are also within the limits set in the performance criteria.
Furthermore, the slender coupling beams have shear demand less than the capacity.
Axial loads in the outrigger columns are also investigated. It is found that outrigger columns
rE
have tensile loads under the ground motions. However, the average MCE axial tension
force demand is less than the capacity of the columns section. Furthermore, MCE axial
compression force demand is also less than the capacity of the column section. For the
shear check, the columns have sufficient shear capacity to resist the MCE shear demand.
Fo
In average all the BRB’s have ductility demand less than 9. According to ASCE41, the
maximum ductility limit for restrained braces is 9. Therefore, all the BRBs satisfy the
performance criteria. It is noticed that BRB sections can be reduced and will be revised in
the final design.
Soil-structure interaction is modeled in the nonlinear model by using nonlinear elastic bars as
soil springs. The maximum the axial forces (average of 7 ground motions) of nonlinear elastic
at bars at each basement level are used to design the basement walls. It is found that
maximum demand occurred at top portion of the basement wall. Hence, 450 mm thickness
is used in upper portion of the basement wall and gradually reduced to the base.

Appendix A
EAST
T3.E
y
nl
T3.D
O SOUTH
NORTH
se
T3.C
lU
T3.B
na WEST
T3.1
T3.3
T3.6
T3.9
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo

y
nl
O
se
lU (a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)
Figure A-1: Axial Strain in wall at Location 1-1 (a) Compression (b) Tension

y
nl
O
se
lU (a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)

y
nl
O
se
lU (a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)

y
nl
O
se
lU (a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)

y
nl
O
se
lU (a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)

y
nl
O
se
lU (a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)

y
nl
O
se
lU (a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)

y
nl
O
se
lU (a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)

y
nl
O
se
lU (a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)

y
nl
O
se
lU (a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)

y
nl
O
se
lU (a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)

y
nl
O
se
lU (a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)

y
nl
O
se
lU (a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)

y
nl
O
se
lU (a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)

y
nl
O
se
lU (a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)

y
nl
O
se
lU (a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)

Appendix B
EAST
T3.E
y
nl
P1C P2B P3B P1D
T3.D
O
SOUTH
P4B
NORTH
P4A
se
T3.C
P1A
lU
P2A P3A P1B
T3.B
na
WEST
T3.1
T3.3
T3.6
T3.9
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo

B.1. Original Reinforcement
y
nl
O
se
lU
(a) Based on brittle demand factor of 1.3
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b) Based on brittle demand factor of 1.5 (PEER 2010/05 Procedure)
Figure B-1: Showing shear demand, capacity and maximum capacity limit for
Pier P1a (Original reinforcement)

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
Pier P1b (Original reinforcement)

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
Pier P1c (Original reinforcement)

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
Pier P1d (Original reinforcement)

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
Figure B-11: Showing D/C ratio for shear in all the Piers of Shear wall (Original
reinforcement)

B.2. Revised Reinforcement
y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
Pier P1a (Revised reinforcement)

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
Pier P1b (Revised reinforcement)

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
Pier P1c (Revised reinforcement)

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
Pier P1d (Revised reinforcement)

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
Figure B-22: Showing D/C ratio for shear in all the Piers of Shear wall (Revised
reinforcement)

Table B-1: Revised Shear Wall Horizontal Reinforcement (Revised bars are
marked by yellow color)
Note: Level 2 means the shear wall above Level 2.
Horizontal
Number Horizontal Bar Spacing
Level Pier ID Bar Dia.
of Legs (mm)
(mm)
FDN P1 -A-FL 4 16 100
B3 P1 -A-B3 4 16 100
B3 P1 -A-B3 4 16 100
y
B1 P1 -A-B1 4 16 100
nl
GL P1 -A-GL 4 16 100
2 P1 -A-2 4 16 100
O
3 P1 -A-3 4 16 100
5 P1 -A-5 4 16 100
6 P1 -A-6 4 16 100
se
7 P1 -A-7 4 16 100
8 P1 -A-8 4 16 100
9 P1 -A-9 4 16 100
10
11
P1 -A-10
P1 -A-11
4
4
lU 16
16
100
100
12 P1 -A-12 4 16 100
na
14 P1 -A-14 4 16 100
15 P1 -A-15 4 16 100
16 P1 -A-16 4 16 100
io
17 P1 -A-17 4 16 100
18 P1 -A-18 3 16 100
t
19 P1 -A-19 3 16 100
ca
20 P1 -A-20 3 16 100
21 P1 -A-21 3 16 100
du
22 P1 -A-22 3 16 100
23 P1 -A-23 3 16 100
24 P1 -A-24 3 16 100
rE
25 P1 -A-25 3 16 100
26 P1 -A-26 3 16 100
27 P1 -A-27 3 16 100
28 P1 -A-28 3 16 100
Fo
29 P1 -A-29 3 16 100
30 P1 -A-30 3 16 100
31 P1 -A-31 3 16 100
32 P1 -A-32 3 16 100
33 P1 -A-33 3 16 100
34 P1 -A-34 3 16 100
35 P1 -A-35 3 16 100
36 P1 -A-36 3 16 150

Horizontal
of Legs (mm)
(mm)
37 P1 -A-37 3 16 150
38 P1 -A-38 3 16 150
39 P1 -A-39 3 16 150
40 P1 -A-40 3 16 150
41 P1 -A-41 3 16 150
42 P1 -A-42 3 16 150
y
43 P1 -A-43 3 16 150
nl
44 P1 -A-44 3 16 150
45 P1 -A-45 3 16 150
O
46 P1 -A-46 3 16 150
47 P1 -A-47 3 16 150
48 P1 -A-48 3 16 150
se
49 P1 -A-49 3 16 150
50 P1 -A-50 3 16 150
51
52
53
P1 -A-51
P1 -A-52
P1 -A-53
3
3
3
lU 16
16
16
150
150
150
54 P1 -A-54 3 16 150
na
55 P1 -A-55 3 12 150
56 P1 -A-56 3 12 150
57 P1 -A-57 3 12 150
io
58 P1 -A-58 3 12 150
59 P1 -A-59 3 12 150
t
ca
60 P1 -A-60 3 12 150
61 P1 -A-61 3 12 150
FDN P1 -B-FL 4 16 100
du
B3 P1 -B-B3 4 16 100
B3 P1 -B-B3 4 16 100
B1 P1 -B-B1 4 16 100
rE
GL P1 -B-GL 4 16 100
2 P1 -B-2 4 16 100
3 P1 -B-3 4 16 100
5 P1 -B-5 4 16 100
Fo
6 P1 -B-6 4 16 100
7 P1 -B-7 4 16 100
8 P1 -B-8 4 16 100
9 P1 -B-9 4 16 100
10 P1 -B-10 4 16 100
11 P1 -B-11 4 16 100
12 P1 -B-12 4 16 100
14 P1 -B-14 4 16 100

Horizontal
of Legs (mm)
(mm)
15 P1 -B-15 4 16 100
16 P1 -B-16 4 16 100
17 P1 -B-17 4 16 100
18 P1 -B-18 3 16 100
19 P1 -B-19 3 16 100
20 P1 -B-20 3 16 100
y
21 P1 -B-21 3 16 100
nl
22 P1 -B-22 3 16 100
23 P1 -B-23 3 16 100
O
24 P1 -B-24 3 16 100
25 P1 -B-25 3 16 100
26 P1 -B-26 3 16 100
se
27 P1 -B-27 3 16 100
28 P1 -B-28 3 16 100
29 P1 -B-29 3 16 100
30
31
32
P1 -B-30
P1 -B-31
P1 -B-32
3
3
3
lU 16
16
16
100
100
100
33 P1 -B-33 3 16 100
na
34 P1 -B-34 3 16 100
35 P1 -B-35 3 16 100
36 P1 -B-36 3 16 150
io
37 P1 -B-37 3 16 150
38 P1 -B-38 3 16 150
t
ca
39 P1 -B-39 3 16 150
40 P1 -B-40 3 16 150
41 P1 -B-41 3 16 150
du
42 P1 -B-42 3 16 150
43 P1 -B-43 3 16 150
44 P1 -B-44 3 16 150
rE
45 P1 -B-45 3 16 150
46 P1 -B-46 3 16 150
47 P1 -B-47 3 16 150
48 P1 -B-48 3 16 150
Fo
49 P1 -B-49 3 16 150
50 P1 -B-50 3 16 150
51 P1 -B-51 3 16 150
52 P1 -B-52 3 16 150
53 P1 -B-53 3 16 150
54 P1 -B-54 3 16 150
55 P1 -B-55 3 12 150
56 P1 -B-56 3 12 150

Horizontal
of Legs (mm)
(mm)
57 P1 -B-57 3 12 150
58 P1 -B-58 3 12 150
59 P1 -B-59 3 12 150
60 P1 -B-60 3 12 150
61 P1 -B-61 3 12 150
FDN P1 -C-FL 4 16 100
y
B3 P1 -C-B3 4 16 100
nl
B3 P1 -C-B3 4 16 100
B1 P1 -C-B1 4 16 100
O
GL P1 -C-GL 4 16 100
2 P1 -C-2 4 16 100
3 P1 -C-3 4 16 100
se
5 P1 -C-5 4 16 100
6 P1 -C-6 4 16 100
7 P1 -C-7 4 16 100
8
9
10
P1 -C-8
P1 -C-9
P1 -C-10
4
4
4
lU 16
16
16
100
100
100
na
11 P1 -C-11 4 16 100
12 P1 -C-12 4 16 100
14 P1 -C-14 4 16 100
15 P1 -C-15 4 16 100
io
16 P1 -C-16 4 16 100
17 P1 -C-17 4 16 100
t
ca
18 P1 -C-18 3 16 100
19 P1 -C-19 3 16 100
20 P1 -C-20 3 16 100
du
21 P1 -C-21 3 16 100
22 P1 -C-22 3 16 100
23 P1 -C-23 3 16 100
rE
24 P1 -C-24 3 16 100
25 P1 -C-25 3 16 100
26 P1 -C-26 3 16 100
27 P1 -C-27 3 16 100
Fo
28 P1 -C-28 3 16 100
29 P1 -C-29 3 16 100
30 P1 -C-30 3 16 100
31 P1 -C-31 3 16 100
32 P1 -C-32 3 16 100
33 P1 -C-33 3 16 100
34 P1 -C-34 3 16 100
35 P1 -C-35 3 16 100

Horizontal
of Legs (mm)
(mm)
36 P1 -C-36 3 16 150
37 P1 -C-37 3 16 150
38 P1 -C-38 3 16 150
39 P1 -C-39 3 16 150
40 P1 -C-40 3 16 150
41 P1 -C-41 3 16 150
y
42 P1 -C-42 3 16 150
nl
43 P1 -C-43 3 16 150
44 P1 -C-44 3 16 150
O
45 P1 -C-45 3 16 150
46 P1 -C-46 3 16 150
47 P1 -C-47 3 16 150
se
48 P1 -C-48 3 16 150
49 P1 -C-49 3 16 150
50 P1 -C-50 3 16 150
51
52
53
P1 -C-51
P1 -C-52
P1 -C-53
3
3
3
lU 16
16
16
150
150
150
54 P1 -C-54 3 16 150
na
55 P1 -C-55 3 12 150
56 P1 -C-56 3 12 150
57 P1 -C-57 3 12 150
io
58 P1 -C-58 3 12 150
59 P1 -C-59 3 12 150
t
ca
60 P1 -C-60 3 12 150
61 P1 -C-61 3 12 150
FDN P1 -D-FL 4 16 100
du
B3 P1 -D-B3 4 16 100
B3 P1 -D-B3 4 16 100
B1 P1 -D-B1 4 16 100
rE
GL P1 -D-GL 4 16 100
2 P1 -D-2 4 16 100
3 P1 -D-3 4 16 100
5 P1 -D-5 4 16 100
Fo
6 P1 -D-6 4 16 100
7 P1 -D-7 4 16 100
8 P1 -D-8 4 16 100
9 P1 -D-9 4 16 100
10 P1 -D-10 4 16 100
11 P1 -D-11 4 16 100
12 P1 -D-12 4 16 100
14 P1 -D-14 4 16 100

Horizontal
of Legs (mm)
(mm)
15 P1 -D-15 4 16 100
16 P1 -D-16 4 16 100
17 P1 -D-17 4 16 100
18 P1 -D-18 3 16 100
19 P1 -D-19 3 16 100
20 P1 -D-20 3 16 100
y
21 P1 -D-21 3 16 100
nl
22 P1 -D-22 3 16 100
23 P1 -D-23 3 16 100
O
24 P1 -D-24 3 16 100
25 P1 -D-25 3 16 100
26 P1 -D-26 3 16 100
se
27 P1 -D-27 3 16 100
28 P1 -D-28 3 16 100
29 P1 -D-29 3 16 100
30
31
32
P1 -D-30
P1 -D-31
P1 -D-32
3
3
3
lU 16
16
16
100
100
100
33 P1 -D-33 3 16 100
na
34 P1 -D-34 3 16 100
35 P1 -D-35 3 16 100
36 P1 -D-36 3 16 150
io
37 P1 -D-37 3 16 150
38 P1 -D-38 3 16 150
t
ca
39 P1 -D-39 3 16 150
40 P1 -D-40 3 16 150
41 P1 -D-41 3 16 150
du
42 P1 -D-42 3 16 150
43 P1 -D-43 3 16 150
44 P1 -D-44 3 16 150
rE
45 P1 -D-45 3 16 150
46 P1 -D-46 3 16 150
47 P1 -D-47 3 16 150
48 P1 -D-48 3 16 150
Fo
49 P1 -D-49 3 16 150
50 P1 -D-50 3 16 150
51 P1 -D-51 3 16 150
52 P1 -D-52 3 16 150
53 P1 -D-53 3 16 150
54 P1 -D-54 3 16 150
55 P1 -D-55 3 12 150
56 P1 -D-56 3 12 150

Horizontal
of Legs (mm)
(mm)
57 P1 -D-57 3 12 150
58 P1 -D-58 3 12 150
59 P1 -D-59 3 12 150
60 P1 -D-60 3 12 150
61 P1 -D-61 3 12 150
FDN P2 -A-FL 4 16 100
y
B3 P2 -A-B3 4 16 100
nl
B3 P2 -A-B3 4 16 100
B1 P2 -A-B1 4 16 100
O
GL P2 -A-GL 4 16 100
2 P2 -A-2 4 16 100
3 P2 -A-3 4 16 100
se
5 P2 -A-5 4 16 100
6 P2 -A-6 4 16 100
7 P2 -A-7 4 16 100
8
9
10
P2 -A-8
P2 -A-9
P2 -A-10
4
4
4
lU 16
16
16
100
100
100
11 P2 -A-11 4 16 100
na
12 P2 -A-12 4 16 100
14 P2 -A-14 4 16 100
15 P2 -A-15 3 16 100
io
16 P2 -A-16 3 16 100
17 P2 -A-17 3 16 100
t
ca
18 P2 -A-18 3 16 100
19 P2 -A-19 3 16 100
20 P2 -A-20 3 16 100
du
21 P2 -A-21 3 16 100
22 P2 -A-22 3 16 100
23 P2 -A-23 3 16 100
rE
24 P2 -A-24 3 16 100
25 P2 -A-25 3 16 100
26 P2 -A-26 3 16 100
27 P2 -A-27 3 16 100
Fo
28 P2 -A-28 3 16 100
29 P2 -A-29 3 16 100
30 P2 -A-30 3 16 100
31 P2 -A-31 3 16 100
32 P2 -A-32 3 16 100
33 P2 -A-33 3 16 100
34 P2 -A-34 3 16 100
35 P2 -A-35 3 16 100

Horizontal
of Legs (mm)
(mm)
36 P2 -A-36 2.56 16 100
37 P2 -A-37 2.56 16 100
38 P2 -A-38 2.56 16 100
39 P2 -A-39 2.56 16 100
40 P2 -A-40 2.56 16 100
41 P2 -A-41 2.56 16 100
y
42 P2 -A-42 2.56 16 100
nl
43 P2 -A-43 2.56 16 100
44 P2 -A-44 2.56 16 100
O
45 P2 -A-45 2.56 16 100
46 P2 -A-46 2.56 16 100
47 P2 -A-47 2.56 16 100
se
48 P2 -A-48 2.56 16 100
49 P2 -A-49 2.56 16 100
50 P2 -A-50 2.56 16 100
51
52
53
P2 -A-51
P2 -A-52
P2 -A-53
2.56
2.56
2.56
lU 16
16
16
100
100
100
54 P2 -A-54 2.56 16 100
na
55 P2 -A-55 2.56 16 100
56 P2 -A-56 2.56 16 100
57 P2 -A-57 2.56 16 100
io
58 P2 -A-58 2.56 16 100

59 P2 -A-59 2.56 16 100
t
ca
60 P2 -A-60 2.56 16 100

61 P2 -A-61 2.56 16 100
FDN P2 -B-FL 4 16 100
du
B3 P2 -B-B3 4 16 100
B3 P2 -B-B3 4 16 100
B1 P2 -B-B1 4 16 100
rE
GL P2 -B-GL 4 16 100
2 P2 -B-2 4 16 100
3 P2 -B-3 4 16 100
5 P2 -B-5 4 16 100
Fo
6 P2 -B-6 4 16 100
7 P2 -B-7 4 16 100
8 P2 -B-8 4 16 100
9 P2 -B-9 4 16 100
10 P2 -B-10 4 16 100
11 P2 -B-11 4 16 100
12 P2 -B-12 4 16 100
14 P2 -B-14 4 16 100

Horizontal
of Legs (mm)
(mm)
15 P2 -B-15 3 16 100
16 P2 -B-16 3 16 100
17 P2 -B-17 3 16 100
18 P2 -B-18 3 16 100
19 P2 -B-19 3 16 100
20 P2 -B-20 3 16 100
y
21 P2 -B-21 3 16 100
nl
22 P2 -B-22 3 16 100
23 P2 -B-23 3 16 100
O
24 P2 -B-24 3 16 100
25 P2 -B-25 3 16 100
26 P2 -B-26 3 16 100
se
27 P2 -B-27 3 16 100
28 P2 -B-28 3 16 100
29 P2 -B-29 3 16 100
30
31
32
P2 -B-30
P2 -B-31
P2 -B-32
3
3
3
lU 16
16
16
100
100
100
na
33 P2 -B-33 3 16 100
34 P2 -B-34 3 16 100
35 P2 -B-35 3 16 100
36 P2 -B-36 2.56 16 100
io
37 P2 -B-37 2.56 16 100

38 P2 -B-38 2.56 16 100
t
ca
39 P2 -B-39 2.56 16 100

40 P2 -B-40 2.56 16 100
41 P2 -B-41 2.56 16 100
du
42 P2 -B-42 2.56 16 100

43 P2 -B-43 2.56 16 100
44 P2 -B-44 2.56 16 100
rE
45 P2 -B-45 2.56 16 100

46 P2 -B-46 2.56 16 100
47 P2 -B-47 2.56 16 100
48 P2 -B-48 2.56 16 100
Fo
49 P2 -B-49 2.56 16 100

50 P2 -B-50 2.56 16 100
51 P2 -B-51 2.56 16 100
52 P2 -B-52 2.56 16 100
53 P2 -B-53 2.56 16 100
54 P2 -B-54 2.56 16 100
55 P2 -B-55 2.56 16 100
56 P2 -B-56 2.56 16 100

Horizontal
of Legs (mm)
(mm)
57 P2 -B-57 2.56 16 100
58 P2 -B-58 2.56 16 100
59 P2 -B-59 2.56 16 100
60 P2 -B-60 2.56 16 100
61 P2 -B-61 2.56 16 100
FDN P3 -A-FL 4 16 100
y
B3 P3 -A-B3 4 16 100
nl
B3 P3 -A-B3 4 16 100
B1 P3 -A-B1 4 16 100
O
GL P3 -A-GL 4 16 100
2 P3 -A-2 4 16 100
3 P3 -A-3 4 16 100
se
5 P3 -A-5 4 16 100
6 P3 -A-6 4 16 100
7 P3 -A-7 4 16 100
8
9
10
P3 -A-8
P3 -A-9
P3 -A-10
4
4
4
lU 16
16
16
100
100
100
11 P3 -A-11 4 16 100
na
12 P3 -A-12 4 16 100
14 P3 -A-14 4 16 100
15 P3 -A-15 3 16 100
io
16 P3 -A-16 3 16 100
17 P3 -A-17 3 16 100
t
ca
18 P3 -A-18 3 16 100
19 P3 -A-19 3 16 100
20 P3 -A-20 3 16 100
du
21 P3 -A-21 3 16 100
22 P3 -A-22 3 16 100
23 P3 -A-23 3 16 100
rE
24 P3 -A-24 3 16 100
25 P3 -A-25 3 16 100
26 P3 -A-26 3 16 100
27 P3 -A-27 3 16 100
Fo
28 P3 -A-28 3 16 100
29 P3 -A-29 3 16 100
30 P3 -A-30 3 16 100
31 P3 -A-31 3 16 100
32 P3 -A-32 3 16 100
33 P3 -A-33 3 16 100
34 P3 -A-34 3 16 100
35 P3 -A-35 3 16 100

Horizontal
of Legs (mm)
(mm)
36 P3 -A-36 2.56 16 100
37 P3 -A-37 2.56 16 100
38 P3 -A-38 2.56 16 100
39 P3 -A-39 2.56 16 100
40 P3 -A-40 2.56 16 100
41 P3 -A-41 2.56 16 100
y
42 P3 -A-42 2.56 16 100
nl
43 P3 -A-43 2.56 16 100
44 P3 -A-44 2.56 16 100
O
45 P3 -A-45 2.56 16 100
46 P3 -A-46 2.56 16 100
47 P3 -A-47 2.56 16 100
se
48 P3 -A-48 2.56 16 100
49 P3 -A-49 2.56 16 100
50 P3 -A-50 2.56 16 100
51
52
53
P3 -A-51
P3 -A-52
P3 -A-53
2.56
2.56
2.56
lU 16
16
16
100
100
100
na
54 P3 -A-54 2.56 16 100
55 P3 -A-55 2.56 16 100
56 P3 -A-56 2.56 16 100
io
57 P3 -A-57 2.56 16 100

58 P3 -A-58 2.56 16 100
59 P3 -A-59 2.56 16 100
t
ca
60 P3 -A-60 2.56 16 100

61 P3 -A-61 2.56 16 100
FDN P3 -B-FL 4 16 100
du
B3 P3 -B-B3 4 16 100
B3 P3 -B-B3 4 16 100
B1 P3 -B-B1 4 16 100
rE
GL P3 -B-GL 4 16 100
2 P3 -B-2 4 16 100
3 P3 -B-3 4 16 100
5 P3 -B-5 4 16 100
Fo
6 P3 -B-6 4 16 100
7 P3 -B-7 4 16 100
8 P3 -B-8 4 16 100
9 P3 -B-9 4 16 100
10 P3 -B-10 4 16 100
11 P3 -B-11 4 16 100
12 P3 -B-12 4 16 100
14 P3 -B-14 4 16 100

Horizontal
of Legs (mm)
(mm)
15 P3 -B-15 3 16 100
16 P3 -B-16 3 16 100
17 P3 -B-17 3 16 100
18 P3 -B-18 3 16 100
19 P3 -B-19 3 16 100
20 P3 -B-20 3 16 100
y
21 P3 -B-21 3 16 100
nl
22 P3 -B-22 3 16 100
23 P3 -B-23 3 16 100
O
24 P3 -B-24 3 16 100
25 P3 -B-25 3 16 100
26 P3 -B-26 3 16 100
se
27 P3 -B-27 3 16 100
28 P3 -B-28 3 16 100
29 P3 -B-29 3 16 100
30
31
P3 -B-30
P3 -B-31
3
3
lU 16
16
100
100
32 P3 -B-32 3 16 100
na
33 P3 -B-33 3 16 100
34 P3 -B-34 3 16 100
35 P3 -B-35 3 16 100
io
36 P3 -B-36 2.56 16 100

37 P3 -B-37 2.56 16 100
t
38 P3 -B-38 2.56 16 100

ca
39 P3 -B-39 2.56 16 100

40 P3 -B-40 2.56 16 100
du
41 P3 -B-41 2.56 16 100

42 P3 -B-42 2.56 16 100
43 P3 -B-43 2.56 16 100
rE
44 P3 -B-44 2.56 16 100

45 P3 -B-45 2.56 16 100
46 P3 -B-46 2.56 16 100
47 P3 -B-47 2.56 16 100
Fo
48 P3 -B-48 2.56 16 100

49 P3 -B-49 2.56 16 100
50 P3 -B-50 2.56 16 100
51 P3 -B-51 2.56 16 100
52 P3 -B-52 2.56 16 100
53 P3 -B-53 2.56 16 100
54 P3 -B-54 2.56 16 100
55 P3 -B-55 2.56 16 100

Horizontal
of Legs (mm)
(mm)
56 P3 -B-56 2.56 16 100
57 P3 -B-57 2.56 16 100
58 P3 -B-58 2.56 16 100
59 P3 -B-59 2.56 16 100
60 P3 -B-60 2.56 16 100
61 P3 -B-61 2.56 16 100
y
FDN P4 -A-FL 6 20 100
nl
B3 P4 -A-B3 6 20 100
B3 P4 -A-B3 6 20 100
O
B1 P4 -A-B1 6 20 100
GL P4 -A-GL 6 20 100
2 P4 -A-2 6 20 100
se
3 P4 -A-3 4 20 100
5 P4 -A-5 4 20 100
6
7
8
P4 -A-6
P4 -A-7
P4 -A-8
4
6
6
lU 20
16
16
100
100
100
9 P4 -A-9 6 16 100
na
10 P4 -A-10 6 16 100
11 P4 -A-11 6 16 100
12 P4 -A-12 6 16 100
io
14 P4 -A-14 6 16 100
15 P4 -A-15 6 16 100
t
ca
16 P4 -A-16 6 16 100
17 P4 -A-17 6 16 100
18 P4 -A-18 6 16 100
du
19 P4 -A-19 6 16 100
20 P4 -A-20 6 16 100
21 P4 -A-21 6 16 100
rE
22 P4 -A-22 6 16 100
23 P4 -A-23 6 16 100
24 P4 -A-24 6 16 100
Fo
25 P4 -A-25 6 16 100
26 P4 -A-26 4 16 100
27 P4 -A-27 4 16 100
28 P4 -A-28 4 16 100
29 P4 -A-29 4 16 100
30 P4 -A-30 4 16 100
31 P4 -A-31 4 16 100
32 P4 -A-32 4 16 100

Horizontal
of Legs (mm)
(mm)
33 P4 -A-33 4 16 100
34 P4 -A-34 4 16 100
35 P4 -A-35 4 16 100
36 P4 -A-36 4.00 16 100
37 P4 -A-37 4.00 16 100
38 P4 -A-38 4.00 16 100
y
39 P4 -A-39 4.00 16 100
nl
40 P4 -A-40 4.00 16 100
41 P4 -A-41 4.00 16 100
O
42 P4 -A-42 4.00 16 100
43 P4 -A-43 4.00 16 100
44 P4 -A-44 4.00 16 100
se
45 P4 -A-45 4.00 16 100
46 P4 -A-46 4.00 16 100
47
48
49
P4 -A-47
P4 -A-48
P4 -A-49
4.00
4
4
lU 16
16
16
100
100
100
50 P4 -A-50 4 16 100
na
51 P4 -A-51 4 16 100
52 P4 -A-52 4 16 100
53 P4 -A-53 4 16 100
io
54 P4 -A-54 4 16 100
55 P4 -A-55 4 16 100
t
ca
56 P4 -A-56 4 16 100
57 P4 -A-57 4 16 100
58 P4 -A-58 4 16 100
du
59 P4 -A-59 4 16 100
60 P4 -A-60 4 16 100
61 P4 -A-61 4 16 100
rE
FDN P4 -B-FL 6 20 100

B3 P4 -B-B3 6 20 100
B3 P4 -B-B3 6 20 100
Fo
B1 P4 -B-B1 6 20 100
GL P4 -B-GL 6 20 100
2 P4 -B-2 6 20 100
3 P4 -B-3 4 20 100
5 P4 -B-5 4 20 100
6 P4 -B-6 4 20 100
7 P4 -B-7 6 16 100
8 P4 -B-8 6 16 100

Horizontal
of Legs (mm)
(mm)
9 P4 -B-9 6 16 100
10 P4 -B-10 6 16 100
11 P4 -B-11 6 16 100
12 P4 -B-12 6 16 100
14 P4 -B-14 6 16 100
15 P4 -B-15 6 16 100
y
16 P4 -B-16 6 16 100
nl
17 P4 -B-17 6 16 100
18 P4 -B-18 6 16 100
O
19 P4 -B-19 6 16 100
20 P4 -B-20 6 16 100
21 P4 -B-21 6 16 100
se
22 P4 -B-22 6 16 100
23 P4 -B-23 6 16 100
24
25
26
P4 -B-24
P4 -B-25
P4 -B-26
6
6
4
lU 16
16
16
100
100
100
27 P4 -B-27 4 16 100
na
28 P4 -B-28 4 16 100
29 P4 -B-29 4 16 100
30 P4 -B-30 4 16 100
io
31 P4 -B-31 4 16 100
32 P4 -B-32 4 16 100
t
ca
33 P4 -B-33 4 16 100
34 P4 -B-34 4 16 100
35 P4 -B-35 4 16 100
du
36 P4 -B-36 4.00 16 100

37 P4 -B-37 4.00 16 100
38 P4 -B-38 4.00 16 100
rE
39 P4 -B-39 4.00 16 100

40 P4 -B-40 4.00 16 100
41 P4 -B-41 4.00 16 100
Fo
42 P4 -B-42 4.00 16 100

43 P4 -B-43 4.00 16 100
44 P4 -B-44 4.00 16 100
45 P4 -B-45 4.00 16 100
46 P4 -B-46 4.00 16 100
47 P4 -B-47 4.00 16 100
48 P4 -B-48 4 16 100
49 P4 -B-49 4 16 100

Horizontal
of Legs (mm)
(mm)
50 P4 -B-50 4 16 100
51 P4 -B-51 4 16 100
52 P4 -B-52 4 16 100
53 P4 -B-53 4 16 100
54 P4 -B-54 4 16 100
55 P4 -B-55 4 16 100
y
56 P4 -B-56 4 16 100
nl
57 P4 -B-57 4 16 100
58 P4 -B-58 4 16 100
O
59 P4 -B-59 4 16 100
60 P4 -B-60 4 16 100
61 P4 -B-61 4 16 100
se
lU
na
t io
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du
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Fo

Appendix C
EAST
y
T3.E
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O
T3.D
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SOUTH
NORTH
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T3.C
na
T3.B
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WEST
T3.1
T3.3
T3.6
T3.9
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ca
du
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Fo

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Figure C-1: Coupling beam rotation for coupling beam L1
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t io
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du
rE

Fo

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se
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na
t io
ca
du
rE

Fo

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O
se
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na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo

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Figure C-7: Coupling beam average shear demand, capacity and maximum
limit for coupling beam L3
na
t io
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du
rE
Fo
Figure C-8: Coupling beam average shear demand, capacity and maximum
limit for coupling beam L4

Appendix D
EAST
T3.E
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nl
T3.D
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SOUTH
NORTH
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T3.C
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T3.B
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WEST
T3.1
T3.3
T3.6
T3.9
t io
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du
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Fo

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nl
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se
Figure D-1: Axial force in outrigger column C2 (Compression only) at location 1-
lU
for seven earthquake
na
t io
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du
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Fo
Figure D-2: Axial force in outrigger column C2 (Compression and tension) at

location 1- for seven earthquake

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Figure D-3: Axial force in outrigger column C2( Compression only) at location 2-
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na
t io
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du
rE
Fo
Figure D-4: Axial force in outrigger column C2( Compression and tension) at

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du
rE
Fo

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du
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Fo

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Figure D-9: Average maximum MCE axial force demand and capacity of the
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outrigger column C2 at location 1
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t io
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Fo

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t io
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Fo

Appendix-E
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Figure E-1: Columns location and ID
Note: In the plots below, C1 (9) means, C1 type column and ID is 9.
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo

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lU (a)
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t io
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du
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Fo
(b)
Figure E-2: Shear demand and capacity in column C1(9) a) Major Axis b) Minor
Axis

y
nl
O
se
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na
t io
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du
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Fo
(b)
Axis

y
nl
O
se
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na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)
Axis

y
nl
O
se
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(a)
na
t io
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du
rE
Fo
(b)
Axis

y
nl
O
se
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(a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)
Axis

y
nl
O
se
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(a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)
Axis

y
nl
O
se
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(a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)
Axis

y
nl
O
se
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(a)
na
t io
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du
rE
Fo
(b)
Axis

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(a)
na
t io
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du
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Fo
(b)
Figure E-10: Shear demand and capacity in column C3(13) a) Major Axis b)
Minor Axis

y
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(a)
na
t io
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Fo
(b)
Minor Axis

y
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O
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(a)
na
t io
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du
rE
Fo
(b)
Minor Axis

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(a)
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du
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Fo
(b)
Figure E-13: Shear demand and capacity in column C3(16) a) Major Axis b) Minor Axis

y
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(a)
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t io
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du
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Fo
(b)
Axis

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(a)
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Fo
(b)
Figure E-15: Shear demand and capacity in column C4 (4) a) Major Axis b)
Minor Axis

y
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na
(a)
t io
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du
rE
Fo
(b)
Minor Axis

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(a)
na
t io
ca
du
rE
Fo
(b)
Minor Axis

y
nl
O
Postal Address:
AIT CONSULTING, P.O. Box 4 , Klong Luang
Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
se
Street Address:
AIT CONSULTING, K.M. 58,Moo9, Paholyothin Highway, Klongnueng,
Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
Tel : +(662) 524 6388

Asian Institute of Technology
Fax
lU +(662) 524 5533
: +(662) 524 6655
E-mail : aitconsulting@ait.asia
Website : http://www.consulting.ait.asia
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t io
ca
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Project No: 2010-0007
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Seismic Performance Based Evaluation
of Park Terraces Tower 3
t io
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Supplement Report
du
rE
Report For
Fo
18 August 2011
Seismic Performance Based Evaluation of Park
Terraces Tower 3
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Supplement Report For
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18 August 2011
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Supplement Report
Content
Supplement A: Confined Concrete Calculation ................................................................................................ 4
Supplement B: Coupling Beam Calculation ..................................................................................................... 6

1. Deep Beam (L1/L2) Type ..................................................................................................................... 6
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2. Slender Coupling Beam (L3/L4) Type .................................................................................................. 9
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Supplement C: Slab-beam Properties Calculation ......................................................................................... 12
1. Calculation of Slab-beam Width ......................................................................................................... 12
O
2. Calculation of Slab-beam Moment Capacity....................................................................................... 12
Supplement D: Lateral Soil Spring Calculation .............................................................................................. 15
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Supplement E: Buckling Restrained Braces Property Calculation ................................................................. 18
Supplement F: Sample calculation for the D/C ratio of shear wall ................................................................. 22
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Supplement G: Maximum Shear Force Capacity Calculation for Column ...................................................... 24
Supplement H: Maximum Compression and Tension Capacity Calculation for Column ................................ 25
Supplement I: Design Check of Lateral Load Transfer from Diaphragm to Core Wall ................................... 26
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Supplement J: Mat Foundation Design .......................................................................................................... 27
Supplement K: Basement Wall Design .......................................................................................................... 34

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AIT CONSULTING page 3 37

Supplement Report
Supplement A: Confined Concrete Calculation
Stress-strain curve of Mander confined concrete is determined by using Section Designer of
SAP2000.
The following manual calculation verified the stress-strain curve of one fiber section from
SAP2000 output.
Section size = 1170 x 900
Vertical reinforcement = 12-Ф36
y
nl
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fc’ = 68.2 MPa (Expected)
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Figure A-1: Concrete section
fy = 460 MPa (Expected)

na
Height (CL-CL of outer conf.) = 1102 mm
Width (CL-CL of outer conf.) = 832 mm
Longitudinal spacing of confinement = 100 mm
io
Number of ties in height = 2

Number of ties in width = 6
t
ca
Confinement diameter = 16 mm
εc’= 0.02
ρx = Asx / (s dc) = (201x 6) / (100 x 1102) = 0.011
du
ρy = Asx / (s bc) = (201x 2) / (100 x 832) = 0.0048

fLX = ρx fyh = 0.011 x 460 = 5.06 MPa
fLY = ρy fyh = 0.0048 x 460 = 2.21 MPa
rE
Ke = Ae / Acc = (1102 x 832) / (1170 x 900) = 0.87

fLX’ = Ke fLX = 0.87 x 5.06 = 4.4 MPa
fLY’ = Ke fLY = 0.87 x 2.21 = 1.92 MPa
Fo
fLX’/fco’ = 4.4 / 68.2 = 0.065

fLY’/fco’ = 1.92 / 68.2 = 0.03
Using a chart for the multi-axial failure criterion in terms of two lateral confining stresses,
fcc' / fco’ = 1.25
fcc’ = 1.25 x 68.2 = 85.25 MPa (from SAP2000, f cc’ = 80.77 MPa)
εcc' = { 5 (fcc’/fc’ – 1) + 1 } εc’
= { 5 (1.25 – 1) + 1 } 0.002
= 0.0045 (from SAP2000, εcc' = 0.0046)

Supplement Report
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Figure A-2: Stress-strain curve of confined concrete
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Supplement Report
Supplement B: Coupling Beam Calculation
1. Deep Beam (L1/L2) Type
Table B-1: Deep Coupling Beam Property Data
Beam Width Depth Diagonals Spacing Dimension a x a

Floor Stirrup
Type (mm) (mm) bars (mm) (mm)
y
2nd L1 900 700 28-Ф20 2- Ф16 150 150 x150
nl
O
Length of coupling beam = 1700 mm
Vn  2 Avd f y sin   0.83 f c ' Acw
se
Therefore, Avd= 8796 mm2
Sinα =0.351
Vn= 2Avd fy Sinα =2851 KN
Limiting value of Vn =
0.83 fc ' A cw
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Acw = 900x700 = 630000 mm2
na
Vn Limiting = 4318 KN
Therefore, maximum Vn = 2851 KN.
In Perform 3D, maximum value of the Vn is taken as 2851 KN
io
Fy= 2851 KN and Fu= 1.33 x 2851 =3792 KN

Correspondingly Du value is calculated as
t
ca
DU = 0.02 x L = 34 mm
DL = 0.06 x L = 102 mm
DR = 0.1 x L = 170 mm
du
DX = 0.15 x L = 255 mm
Y = 0.4
U = 0.4
rE
L = 0.4
R = 0.3
X = 0.05
Fo
Residual strength is taken as 25% of capacity.

Supplement Report
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Figure B-1: Sample Input Form for Coupling Beam
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Table B-2: Deep beam shear Force Calculation
Link Beam Data Mark Fu Du DL DR

io
Basement 3 to 1 L1 813 34 102 170

L1 857 32 96 160
t
L2 736 38 114 190

ca
L2 813 34 102 170

Ground Floor L1 1625 34 102 170
du
L1 1713 32 96 160
L2 1227 38 114 190
L2 1354 34 102 170
rE
2nd Floor L1 3792 34 102 170

L1 3997 32 96 160
L2 2945 38 114 190
L2 3250 34 102 170
Fo
3rd Floor L1 4232 34 102 170

L1 4461 32 96 160
L2 3835 38 114 190
L2 4232 34 102 170
5th-6th Floor L1 4656 34 102 170
L1 4908 32 96 160
L2 3835 38 114 190
L2 4232 34 102 170

Supplement Report
Link Beam Data Mark Fu Du DL DR
7th-11th Floor L1 5079 34 102 170
L1 5251 32 96 160
L2 4218 38 114 190
L2 4656 34 102 170
12th-16th Floor L1 4656 34 102 170
L1 4908 32 96 160
L2 4218 38 114 190
y
L2 4656 34 102 170
nl
17th-19th Floor L1 4232 34 102 170
L1 4461 32 96 160
O
L2 3835 38 114 190
L2 4232 34 102 170
20th-29th Floor L1 3792 34 102 170
se
L1 3997 32 96 160
L2 3190 38 114 190
L2 3521 34 102 170
30th-35th Floor L1
L1
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3250
3426
34
32
102
96
170
160
L2 2700 38 114 190
na
L2 2980 34 102 170
36th-37th Floor L1 2709 34 102 170
L1 2855 32 96 160
io
L2 2454 38 114 190

L2 2709 34 102 170
t
38th-40th Floor L1 2438 34 102 170

ca
L1 2570 32 96 160
L2 1963 38 114 190
L2 2167 34 102 170
du
41st-47th Floor L1 2167 34 102 170

L1 2284 32 96 160
rE
L2 1963 38 114 190

L2 2167 34 102 170
48th-Top Floor L1 1354 34 102 170
L1 1428 32 96 160
Fo
L2 1473 38 114 190

L2 1625 34 102 170

Supplement Report
2. Slender Coupling Beam (L3/L4) Type
Table B-3: Slender Coupling Beam Property Data
Beam Width Depth Top and Spacing

Floor Stirrup Ties Set
Type (mm) (mm) bottom bar (mm)
2nd L3 900 700 9Ф28 Ф16 100 2
y
nl
Length of coupling beam = 3000 mm
a = As fy / (0.85 fc’ b)
O
=49 mm
Ф =1
d = 640 mm
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ФMn = Ф As fy (d – a/2)
= 1569 kN-m
Fy = 1569 kN-m
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Moment capacity at Fu is taken as 10% higher than Fy
FU= 1.1x1569=1726 kNm
Therefore, capacity shear calculated based on the moment capacity
na
= 2M/L = 2x1726/3 =1150 KN
For MCE level , 1.3 x 1201 = 1561 kN (Brittle behavior)
io
Ф = 0.75
Shear Capacity calculated from the stirrups = Ф Asf fy d/s
t
=0.75 x 201x2x2x460x640/100 =1774 kN

ca
Maximum shear capacity limit = Ф 0.66 sqrt(fc’) bw d

= 2354 kN
Use shear capacity = 1774 kN > 1561 kN
du
DU = 0.02
DL = 0.0205
DR = 0.025
rE
Residual strength is taken as 50% of capacity.

Y = 0.5
U = 0.45
Fo
L =0.4
R = 0.35
X = 0.35

Supplement Report
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Figure B-2: Sample input form for coupling beam
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Table B-4: Slender Beam Moment Calculation
Link Beam Data Mark L Fy Fu Du DL DR

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Basement 3 to 1 L3 3000 1060 1166 0.02 0.0205 0.025

L4 3000 1060 1166 0.02 0.0205 0.025
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Ground Floor L3 3000 1060 1166 0.02 0.0205 0.025

L4 3000 1060 1166 0.02 0.0205 0.025
2nd Floor L3 3000 1569 1726 0.02 0.0205 0.025
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L4 3000 1569 1726 0.02 0.0205 0.025

3rd Floor L3 3000 1736 1909 0.02 0.0205 0.025
L4 3000 1736 1909 0.02 0.0205 0.025
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5th-6th Floor L3 3000 1736 1909 0.02 0.0205 0.025

L4 3000 1736 1909 0.02 0.0205 0.025
7th-11th Floor L3 3000 1901 2091 0.02 0.0205 0.025
L4 3000 1901 2091 0.02 0.0205 0.025
Fo
12th-16th Floor L3 3000 1927 2120 0.02 0.0205 0.025

L4 3000 1927 2120 0.02 0.0205 0.025
17th-19th Floor L3 3000 1927 2120 0.02 0.0205 0.025
L4 3000 1927 2120 0.02 0.0205 0.025
20th-29th Floor L3 3000 1726 1899 0.02 0.0205 0.025
L4 3000 1726 1899 0.02 0.0205 0.025
30th-35th Floor L3 3000 1561 1718 0.02 0.0205 0.025
L4 3000 1561 1718 0.02 0.0205 0.025

Supplement Report
Link Beam Data Mark L Fy Fu Du DL DR
36th-37th Floor L3 3000 1561 1718 0.02 0.0205 0.025
L4 3000 1561 1718 0.02 0.0205 0.025
38th-40th Floor L3 3000 1214 1336 0.02 0.0205 0.025
L4 3000 1214 1336 0.02 0.0205 0.025
41st-47th Floor L3 3000 1214 1336 0.02 0.0205 0.025
L4 3000 1214 1336 0.02 0.0205 0.025
48th-Top Floor L3 3000 1214 1336 0.02 0.0205 0.025
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L4 3000 1214 1336 0.02 0.0205 0.025
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Shear Design Check at 3rd Level
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1.3 x Vu = 1565 kN
b = 700 mm
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h = 600 mm (at mid span)
h = 700 mm (at end)
d = 540 mm (at mid span)
d = 640 mm (at end)
fc' (expected) = 68.2 MPa
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fy (expected) = 460 MPa
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As = 6 legs 16@100 mm
 = 0.75
Check the shear capacity at mid span
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Both concrete and stirrup capacities are considered since there is no flexural hinge
formation at mid span.
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 Vn =  (0.17 sqrt(fc’) bwd + Asfyd/s)

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= 2645 kN
Maximum capacity limit =  0.83 sqrt(fc’) bwd
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= 1943 kN
Check the shear capacity at end
Only stirrup capacity is considered since there might be flexural hinge formation at the end.
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 Vn =  Asfyd/s
= 2247 kN
Maximum capacity limit =  0.83 sqrt(fc’) bwd
Fo
= 1831 kN
Hence, the capacity is 1831 kN.
D/C = 1565 / 1831 = 0.85

Supplement Report
Supplement C: Slab-beam Properties Calculation
Slab-beam (GL-L10)
1. Calculation of Slab-beam Width

Slab thickness = 225 mm
Slab Width = Weighted sum of the effective bending stiffness at each end converted to an
equivalent width
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Core to Slab Joint
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Core Width = 8680 mm
Core Thickness = 1200 mm
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Beam Span, L1 = 8030 mm
Slab Width = 10930 mm
β = max(1/3, 4 x core thk. / beam span)
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= 0.6
Ieff = βbt3 / 12
= 6,201,720,112 mm4
Column to Slab Joint
Column Width, c1 = 1800 mm
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αL2 = 2c1 + L1/3 (Interior frame)
= 6276 mm
β = 0.5 (PT Slab)
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Ieff = βbt3 / 12
= 2,978,964,844 mm4
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Combined Properties of the Analysis Beam

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Depth = 225 mm
Ieff = Average(50% Ieff (Core end), 100% Ieff (Col end))
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= 3,039,912,450 mm4
Width = 3203 mm
Slab beam width = 3203 mm
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Slab beam depth = 225 mm
2. Calculation of Slab-beam Moment Capacity

Fo
Slab to Column Joint

Tributary Width = Column Width + 10 x Slab thk.
= 4050 mm
Slab Thickness = 225 mm
PT force / Tendon = 136.27 kN
Number of Tendon = 14
Effective PT force = 1908 kN
Top Reinforcement = 20-Ф12

Supplement Report
Bottom Reinforcement = 13-Ф12
Moment capacity is determined from P-M curve of the section of slab beam at
corresponding effective PT force level.
Positive moment capacity = 327 kN-m
Negative moment capacity = 390 kN-m
Slab to Core Joint
Tributary Width = (Column Width + 10 x Slab thk.) / 2
= 5465 mm
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Slab Thickness = 225 mm
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Top Reinforcement = 123-Ф12
Bottom Reinforcement = 20-Ф12
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Positive moment capacity = 251 kN-m
Negative moment capacity = 1162 kN-m
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T3.B T3.C T3.D T3.E
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T3.3
2
2
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T3.6
2
2
1
1
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T3.9
Figure C-1: Equivalent Slab- Beam

Supplement Report
Table C-1: Slab Beam Property
Column End Wall End

ID b (mm) h (mm)
+M (kN-m) -M (kN-m) +M (kN-m) -M (kN-m)
1 (GL-L10) 3203 225 327 390 251 1162
2 (GL-L10) 4228 225 305 437 272 272
1 (L10-L15) 2880 225 327 390 251 1162
2 (L10-L15) 4228 225 305 437 272 272
1 (L15-L36) 2694 225 316 378 251 1162
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2 (L15-L36) 4020 225 305 437 272 272
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1 (L36-L48) 2358 225 293 356 251 1162
2 (L36-L48) 3463 225 297 412 272 272
1 (L48-RL) 2022 225 271 333 251 1162
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2 (L48-RL) 3063 225 262 385 272 272
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Supplement Report
Supplement D: Lateral Soil Spring Calculation
The following are the information available from the geotechnical report provided by the
client regarding the soil properties.
Modulus of Sub grade Reaction at (Z=0m)= 20000 KPa/m
Modulus of Sub grade Reaction at (Z=20m)= 100000 KPa/m
Linear Interpolation Valid
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Modulus of Sub grade Reaction at Z=0m (Lateral Direction)= 10000 KPa/m
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Modulus of Sub grade Reaction at Z=20m (Lateral Direction)= 50000 KPa/m
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Linear Interpolation Valid
Bearing capacity of Soil= 1200 KPa
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For Earthquake use factor 4/3= 1600 KPa
Bearing Capacity of Soil ( Lateral Direction) 1/3 factor= 533 KPa
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The property of soil spring is calculated as follows
Lateral soil modulus = 0.5 x Vertical modulus of subgrade reaction
Tributary area of the soil spring is taken at the grid locations, 8.4m typical grid width, 3m
typical basement height)
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Lateral soil spring forces= tributary area x lateral bearing capacity of soil
All the springs are compression only springs, however, a small stiffness is provided in tension
side in order to model the springs in PERFORM 3D.
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Table D-1: Lateral soil spring property calculation

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Effective Spring
Spring Location Horizontal Spring Comp. Comp.
depth of Force Ten. D1 Ten. D2
Area of Spring Stiffness Stiffness D1 (m) D2 (m)
area of Capacity (m) (+) (m)(+)
(m2) (m) (Kpa/m) (KN/m) (-) (-)
spring (KN)
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16.8 0 -2 12000 201600 8960 0.0444 0.0889 0.0004 0.4449

29.4 -4 -5.5 17500 514500 15680 0.0305 0.0610 0.0003 0.3051
25.2 -7 -8.5 24000 604800 13440 0.0222 0.0444 0.0002 0.2224
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25.2 -10 -11.5 30000 756000 13440 0.0178 0.0356 0.0002 0.1780
12.6 -13 -13 34500 434700 6720 0.0155 0.0309 0.0002 0.1547
Fo

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Figure D-1: Perform 3D modeling part of the basement
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Figure D-2 Lateral soil spring modeling

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Figure D-3: Sample input form for lateral soil spring
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Supplement Report
Supplement E: Buckling Restrained Braces Property Calculation
T3.B T3.C T3.D T3.E
NORTH
T3.1
BRB BRB
T3.3
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WEST EAST
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BRB BRB
T3.6
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T3.9
SOUTH
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Figure E-1: Layout of BRB in Plan
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BRB are located in between 27th -31st floor and remaining eight BRB are located in between
51st- 54th floor. The elevation view of the building with BRB is shown in figure below.
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Supplement Report
7 8 8 BRBs in between 50th-54th

5 6 floor
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3 4
8 BRBs in between 27th- 31st
1 2
floor
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Figure E-2: Layout of BRBs in Elevation
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In order to model the BRB in PERFORM 3D, a whole set of BRB is divided into three basic
components. They are elastic component, stiff end zone and inelastic component. The
t
properties of all these three components of BRB used in the buildings are shown in table
ca
below.
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Fo

Supplement Report
Table E-1: BRB Elastic Components and Stiff End Zones
Elastic Component Stiff End Zones

Model Actual
BRB Eff.
Length Length Length E fy Area Tension Capacity Area
Location Length
(m) (m) (m) (Mpa) (Mpa) (m^2) (KN) Factor (m^2)
(m)
NW BRB L27 12.182 11.881 1.5 200000 290 0.0155 5626 1 2.88 0.0698
NW BRB L29 12.182 11.881 1.5 200000 290 0.0155 5626 1 2.88 0.0698
SW BRB L27 12.182 11.881 1.5 200000 290 0.0155 5626 1 2.88 0.0698
SW BRB L29 12.182 11.881 1.5 200000 290 0.0155 5626 1 2.88 0.0698
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NE BRB L27 12.182 11.881 1.5 200000 290 0.0155 5626 1 2.88 0.0698
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NE BRB L29 12.182 11.881 1.5 200000 290 0.0155 5626 1 2.88 0.0698
SE BRB L27 12.182 11.881 1.5 200000 290 0.0155 5626 1 2.88 0.0698
O
SE BRB L29 12.182 11.881 1.5 200000 290 0.0155 5626 1 2.88 0.0698
NW BRB L50 12.182 11.881 1.5 200000 290 0.0086 3125 1 2.88 0.0388
NW BRB L52 12.182 11.881 1.5 200000 290 0.0086 3125 1 2.88 0.0388
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SW BRB L50 12.182 11.881 1.5 200000 290 0.0086 3125 1 2.88 0.0388
SW BRB L52 12.182 11.881 1.5 200000 290 0.0086 3125 1 2.88 0.0388
NE BRB L50 12.182 11.881 1.5 200000 290 0.0086 3125 1 2.88 0.0388
NE BRB L52
SE BRB L50
SE BRB L52
12.182
12.182
12.182
11.881
11.881
11.881
1.5
1.5
1.5
200000
200000
200000
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290
290
0.0086
0.0086
0.0086
3125
3125
3125
1
1
1
2.88
2.88
2.88
0.0388
0.0388
0.0388
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Supplement Report
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Table E-2: BRB Inelastic Component Properties
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BRB Inelastic Component
Basic Properties Maximum
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Deformation
Load Length Area Ko Kf ω Fud Ten- ω Fud Ten-FuH Ten- ωb Compr- ωb Compr- Compr- FU0-FUH Avg Full
(N) (m) (m^2) (KN/m) (KN/m) FuD (KN) Dx Fud FuD Fud FuH (KN) DX (mm) FUH
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(KN) (mm) (KN) (mm) (mm)
4500 7.5 0.0155 413793 11502 0.9315 4500 1.2502 5626 283 0.9181 4500 1.4739 6632.451 283 12 109
4500 7.5 0.0155 413793 11502 0.9315 4500 1.2502 5626 283 0.9181 4500 1.4739 6632.451 283 12 109
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4500 7.5 0.0155 413793 11502 0.9315 4500 1.2502 5626 283 0.9181 4500 1.4739 6632.451 283 12 109
4500 7.5 0.0155 413793 11502 0.9315 4500 1.2502 5626 283 0.9181 4500 1.4739 6632.451 283 12 109
4500 7.5 0.0155 413793 11502 0.9315 4500 1.2502 5626 283 0.9181 4500 1.4739 6632.451 283 12 109
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4500 7.5 0.0155 413793 11502 0.9315 4500 1.2502 5626 283 0.9181 4500 1.4739 6632.451 283 12 109
4500 7.5 0.0155 413793 11502 0.9315 4500 1.2502 5626 283 0.9181 4500 1.4739 6632.451 283 12 109
4500 7.5 0.0155 413793 11502 0.9315 4500 1.2502 5626 283 0.9181 4500 1.4739 6632.451 283 12 109
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2500 7.5 0.0086 229885 6390 0.9315 2500 1.2502 3125 283 0.9181 2500 1.4739 3684.695 283 12 109
2500 7.5 0.0086 229885 6390 0.9315 2500 1.2502 3125 283 0.9181 2500 1.4739 3684.695 283 12 109
2500 7.5 0.0086 229885 6390 0.9315 2500 1.2502 3125 283 0.9181 2500 1.4739 3684.695 283 12 109
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2500 7.5 0.0086 229885 6390
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0.9315 2500 1.2502 3125 283 0.9181 2500 1.4739 3684.695 283 12 109
2500 7.5 0.0086 229885 6390 0.9315 2500 1.2502 3125 283 0.9181 2500 1.4739 3684.695 283 12 109
2500 7.5 0.0086 229885 6390 0.9315 2500 1.2502 3125 283 0.9181 2500 1.4739 3684.695 283 12 109
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2500 7.5 0.0086 229885 6390 0.9315 2500 1.2502 3125 283 0.9181 2500 1.4739 3684.695 283 12 109
2500 7.5 0.0086 229885 6390 0.9315 2500 1.2502 3125 283 0.9181 2500 1.4739 3684.695 283 12 109
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Supplement Report
Supplement F: Sample calculation for the D/C ratio of shear wall

For Pier label P2B (Ground Floor to Level 3) (Original Design Procedure)
Length of the wall, lw = 3000 mm
Dimension of wall along shear direction, d = 0.8*lw = 2400 mm
Dimension of wall transverse to shear direction, h = 1000 mm
Characteristics strength of concrete at MCE level, 1.3 fc’ = 68.2 MPa
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Expected yield strength of reinforcement at MCE level, 1.15 fy = 460 MPa
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Area of transverse reinforcement, 6-Ф16 @ 100 mm, AV = (π*162/4)*6 = 1206 mm2
Reduction factor for both concrete and rebar, Φ = 0.75
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Shear strength of the shear wall, can be obtained from the least of the following three
methods:
First Method (ACI 11.9.6, 11.9.9.1)
se
Vn = ϕVc + ϕVs
A v fy d
= ϕ ∗ 0.17 fc′ hd + ϕ ∗ (Neglecting the axial force in the wall)
s
= 12095 kN………………. (1)
Second Method (ACI 11.9.5, 11.9.9.1)

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Vn = ϕ Acv (αc fc′ + ρt fy ) (ACI 11.2.2.3)
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hw Av 1206
Where, αc = 0.17 for ≥ 2.0; ρt = = = 0.012
lw b w ∗s 1000 ∗100
= 15119 kN= 6601.60KN…………………….…. (2)

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Third Method (ACI 11.9.3)

Vn = ϕ ∗ 0.83 fc′ Acw
t
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= 15422 kN = 0.75 ∗ 0.83 ∗ 93 ∗ 1680 ∗ 900 = 9076.80 ∗ 103 N = 9076.80KN …. (3)

Therefore, shear strength of the shear wall (Pier label P2B) = Least of above 3 expressions =
12095 KN
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Factored shear demand, Vdemand= 1.3*MCE demand = 4366 KN

D/C ratio = 4366/12095 = 0.36
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For Pier label P2B (Ground Floor to Level 3) (PEER 2010/05 Procedure)
Length of the wall, lw = 3000 mm
Dimension of wall along shear direction, d = 0.8*lw = 2400 mm
Fo
Dimension of wall transverse to shear direction, h = 1000 mm

Characteristics strength of concrete at MCE level, 1.5 fc’ = 80.6 MPa
Expected yield strength of reinforcement at MCE level, 1.17 fy = 468 MPa
Area of transverse reinforcement, 6-Ф16 @ 100 mm, AV = (π*162/4)*6 = 1206 mm2
Reduction factor for both concrete and rebar, Φ = 0.75
Shear strength of the shear wall, can be obtained from the least of the following three
methods:

Supplement Report
First Method (ACI 11.9.6, 11.9.9.1)
Vn = ϕVc + ϕVs
A v fy d
= ϕ ∗ 0.17 fc′ hd + ϕ ∗ (Neglecting the axial force in the wall)
s
= 12479 kN………………. (1)
Second Method (ACI 11.9.5, 11.9.9.1)
Vn = ϕ Acv (αc fc′ + ρt fy ) (ACI 11.2.2.3)
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hw Av 1206
Where, αc = 0.17 for ≥ 2.0; ρt = = = 0.012
lw b w ∗s 1000 ∗100
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= 15599 kN= 6601.60KN…………………….…. (2)
Third Method (ACI 11.9.3)
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Vn = ϕ ∗ 0.83 fc′ Acw
= 15422 kN = 0.75 ∗ 0.83 ∗ 93 ∗ 1680 ∗ 900 = 9076.80 ∗ 103 N = 9076.80KN …. (3)
se
Therefore, shear strength of the shear wall (Pier label P2B) = Least of above 3 expressions =
12479 KN
Factored shear demand, Vdemand= 1.5*MCE demand = 5038 KN
D/C ratio = 5038/12479 = 0.4
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Supplement Report
Supplement G: Maximum Shear Force Capacity Calculation for
Column
Type C2 (Column ID-C6@Ground Floor Level)
V2u = 1759 kN
V3u = 711 kN
1.3 x V2u = 2286 kN
1.3 x V3u = 924 kN
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If the column is in compression,
nl
Shear Capacity of the Column shall be taken as the minimum value between
 As  f y  d 
Vn   0.17 fc 'bd   
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
Shear capacity  s  , and
Vn,max    0.66  fc '  bw  d
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Maximum Shear capacity
If the column is in tension,
Shear Capacity of the Column shall be taken as the minimum value between
Shear capacity

Vn   0.171 
 Ag 
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0.29 Nu   A  fy  d 
 fc 'bd    s
 s  , and

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Maximum Shear capacity Vn,max    0.66  fc'  bw  d
Column C6 is in compression at Ground floor level.
  0.75
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Column size = 1100mm x 2700mm

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fc’=68.2 MPa
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fy=460 MPa
Number of legs in 2-direction = 2-Φ12@150mm+5-Φ10@150mm
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Number of legs in 3-direction = 2-Φ12@150mm+16-Φ10@150mm

Therefore,
Shear Capacity in 2-direction: ΦVn = 6798 kN
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Shear Capacity in 3-direction : ΦVn = 6482 kN

Maximum Shear capacity in 2-direction, ΦVmax = 11872 kN
Maximum Shear capacity in 3-direction, ΦVmax = 11480 kN
Fo
Therefore, the shear capacity of the column in 2-direction shall be taken as 6798 kN and
6482 kN in 3-direction.
D/C ratio in 2 direction = 2286/6798 = 0.34
D/C ratio in 3 direction = 924/6482 = 0.14

Supplement Report
Supplement H: Maximum Compression and Tension Capacity
Calculation for Column
Compression capacity, ФPn = Ф 0.8 x (0.85fc’ (Ag-As) + As fy)
Tension capacity, ФPn = Ф As fy
Type C2 (Column ID-C6@Ground Floor Level)
Pu = 45358 kN (Compression)
1.3 x Pu = 1.3 x 45358 = 58965 kN (Compression)
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Column size = 1100mm x 2700mm
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fc’=68.2 MPa
fy=460 MPa
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Ф (Compression) = 0.65
Ф (Tension) = 1
Number of longitudinal bars = 46-Φ36
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Therefore,
Compression capacity: ΦPn = 99318 kN
Tension capacity: ΦPn = 21540 kN
D/C = 58965/99318 = 0.59
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Supplement Report
Supplement I: Design Check of Lateral Load Transfer from
Diaphragm to Core Wall
Level 19 in Minor Direction
Average acceleration = 0.413 g
Diaphragm mass (DL + SDL + 0.25 LL) = 854 kN/m/s-2
Diaphragm force = 0.413 x 9.81 x 854 = 3460 kN
Shear transfer from diaphragm to core in minor direction = 1.3 x 3460 = 4498 kN
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fc’ = 44 MPa (Expected) (Since two different strengths of concrete in diaphragm and core
wall, the lower strength is used, ACI 318-08, 11.6.5)
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µ = 0.6
Length of P4A = 9.68 m
Slab thickness = 225 mm
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Area of concrete, Ac = 225 x 9860 = 2178000 mm2
Area of steel, Avf = 48-ø12 + 96-ø16 = 24720 mm2
ø = 0.75
ø Vn lU
= ø x 0.2 x fc’ x Ac (ACI 318-08, 11.6.5)
= 14374 kN
ø Vn = ø x 5.5 x Ac (ACI 318-08, 11.6.5)
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= 8984 kN
ø Vn = ø x Avf x fy x µ (ACI 318-08, 11.6.4.1)
= 5117 kN
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Shear strength of two legs (P4A and P4B) = 2 x 5117 =10234

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D/C ratio = 854 / 10234 = 0.44

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Supplement Report
Supplement J: Mat Foundation Design
Punching Shear Check
Sample calculation for punching shear is checked against the axial loading under MCE
level demand of outrigger column.
Pu = 56770 kN
Since it is brittle behavior, design Pu = 1.3 x 56770 = 73801 kN
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Column size = 1.1 x 2.7 m
Mat thickness = 3000 mm
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d = 2925 mm
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Allowable bearing capacity = 1200 kN/m2
Vu = 73801 – 1200 x (1.1 + 2.925) x (2.7 + 2.925)
= 46632 kN
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 = 2.7/1.1 = 2.45
b0 = 2x(1.1 + 2.7) + 4 x 2.925 = 19.3 m
Vc = 0.17 (1+2/) sqrt(fc’)b0 d lU

=0.75 x 0.17 x (1+2/2.45) sqrt (45.5) x 19300 x 2925
= 88184 kN
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Vc = 0.083 (s d / b0 + 2) sqrt(fc’)b0 d
s = 30
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=0.75 x 0.083 x (30x2925/19300+2) sqrt (45.5) x 19300 x 2925

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= 155183 kN
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Vc = 0.33 sqrt(fc’)b0 d

=0.75 x 0.33 x sqrt (45.5) x 19300 x 2925
du
= 94246 kN
Hence,
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Vc = 88184 kN > Vu = 46632 kN

D/C = 46632 / 88184 = 0.52
Fo

Supplement Report
One Way Shear Check
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Figure J. 1: Envelope maximum design strip shear in horizontal direction (MCE
Level, Unit-kN)
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Figure J 2: Envelope minimum design strip shear in horizontal direction (MCE

Level, Unit-kN)

Supplement Report
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Figure J. 3: Envelope maximum design strip shear in vertical direction (MCE
Level, Unit-kN)
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Figure J. 4: Envelope minimum design strip shear in vertical direction (MCE Level,
Unit-kN)

Supplement Report
One-way shear is checked at the distance d from the face of the wall under MCE level
demand.
Envelope maximum design strip shear in horizontal dir. = 39286 kN
Envelope minimum design strip shear in horizontal dir. = 46875 kN
Envelope maximum design strip shear in vertical dir. = 25742 kN
Envelope minimum design strip shear in vertical dir. = 25116 kN
For horizontal design strip,
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Vu = 1.3 x 48675 = 60937 kN
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bw = 37.125 m
d = 2925 mm
Vc = 0.17 sqrt(fc’)bw d
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= 0.75 x 0.17 sqrt(45.5) x 37125 x 2925
= 93391 kN > Vu = 60937 kN
D/C = 60937 / 93391 = 0.65
For vertical design strip,

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Vu = 1.3 x 25742 = 33464 kN
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bw = 35 m
d = 2925 mm
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Vc = 0.17 sqrt(fc’)bw d

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= 0.75 x 0.17 sqrt(45.5) x 35000 x 2925

= 88046 kN > Vu = 33464 kN
D/C = 33464 / 88046 = 0.38
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Supplement Report
Flexural Design Check Based on Revised Reinforcement
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Figure J. 5: Envelope maximum design strip moment in horizontal direction (MCE
Level, Unit-kN)
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Figure J. 6: Envelope minimum design strip moment in horizontal direction (MCE

Level, Unit-kN)

Supplement Report
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Figure J. 7: Envelope maximum design strip moment in vertical direction (MCE
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Level, Unit-kN)
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Figure J. 8: Envelope minimum design strip moment in vertical direction (MCE

Level, Unit-kN)

Supplement Report
Sample design calculation for strip CSA21 is shown as below.
Mu = 251564 kNm (positive moment)
fc' (expected) = 44 MPa
fy (expected) = 460 MPa
Width = 10.5 m
Thickness = 4000 mm
As = 2-36@100 = 213754 mm2
a = As fy / (0.85 fc’ bw)
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= 250 mm
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Mn = As fy (d-a/2)
= 373623 kNm
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D/C = 251564 / 373623 = 0.67
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Supplement Report
Supplement K: Basement Wall Design
Bending moment and shear force diagrams of unit width of basement wall (RW14) against
the MCE demand are shown in the following figures.
Table K- 1: Lateral Pressure along the Depth of Basement Wall
Elevation (m) Lateral Pressure (kN/m2)
0 98
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-4 58
-7 36
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-10 10
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Figure K- 1: Bending Moment Diagram in Unit Width of Basement Wall against

MCE Demand
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Supplement Report
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Figure K- 2: Shear Force Moment Diagram in Unit Width of Basement Wall against
MCE Demand
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Design Calculation of Basement Wall at Basement 1 Level
The maximum average MCE shear demand in 1m strip = 162 kN
The maximum average MCE moment demand at the mid height in 1m strip = 103 kNm
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The maximum average MCE moment demand at the support in 1m strip = 105 kNm
Gross thickness of basement wall (h)= 450 mm
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Effective depth of the wall for shear (d)= 372 mm

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Shear and flexure design is based on 1m strip of basement wall,

Therefore, bw= 1000 mm
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Concrete strength fc’=38.5 MPa (expected)

Yield strength of reinforcement fy= 460 MPa (expected)
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Shear D/C calculation

Factored MCE demand = 1.3 x MCE demand= 210 kN
Maximum shear capacity of shear wall Vn  0.17 fc'b w d (ACI 318-08, 11.2.1.1)
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Therefore, shear capacity of wall in 1m strip,
Vn   0.17 38.5 x1000 x372

 294000 N
 294 kN
Strength reduction factor for shear Ø=0.75
D/C ratio =210/294 =0.71

Supplement Report
Flexural Reinforcement Design at Mid Height
Provided rebar = Ø12@300mm + Ø16@200mm = 1381 mm2
a = As fy / (0.85 fc’ b)
a = 1381 x 460 / (0.85 x 38.5 x 1000)
= 18.5 mm
Mn =  As fy (d – a/2)
= 1
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Mn = 1381 x 460 x (372 – 18.5/2)
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= 230 kNm
D/C ratio =103/230 =0.45
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Flexural Reinforcement Design at Support
Provided rebar = Ø12@300mm + Ø12@100mm = 1506 mm2
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a = As fy / (0.85 fc’ b)
a = 1506 x 460 / (0.85 x 38.5 x 1000)
= 21.2 mm
Mn =  As fy (d – a/2)
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= 1
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Mn = 1506 x 460 x (372 – 21.2/2)
= 250 kNm
D/C ratio =105/250 =0.42
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Postal Address:
AIT CONSULTING, P.O. Box 4 , Klong Luang
Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
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Street Address:
AIT CONSULTING, K.M. 58,Moo9, Paholyothin Highway, Klongnueng,
Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
Tel : +(662) 524 6388

Asian Institute of Technology
Fax
lU +(662) 524 5533
: +(662) 524 6655
E-mail : aitconsulting@ait.asia
Website : http://www.consulting.ait.asia
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A Sample Performance-Based Design Report For Structural Designers

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A Sample Performance-Based Design Report For Structural Designers

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Project No: 2010-0007 

Performance Based Evaluation Report

Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 5

Chapter 3 Modeling Procedure ................................................................................................................ 14

3.2 Modeling and Analysis Tools .............................................................................................................. 14

3.3 Material Properties ............................................................................................................................. 15

3.4 Shear Wall Modeling .......................................................................................................................... 16

3.7 Floor Slab Modeling............................................................................................................................ 23

3.12 Damping modeling ...................................................................................................................... 25

Chapter 4 Analysis Results ...................................................................................................................... 27

AIT CONSULTING page 3 of 136

AIT CONSULTING page 4 of 136

1.3 About this Report

1.4 Special Terms and Conditions

AIT CONSULTING page 5 of 136

Table 2-1: Performance Objectives

Level of Earthquake Earthquake Performance Objective

2.2.1 Frequent/Service Level of Earthquake lU

Story Drift 0.5 percent

Core Wall Flexure Remain essentially elastic

Core Wall Shear Remain essentially elastic

reductions factors in accordance with current material codes.

AIT CONSULTING page 6 of 136

Core Wall Reinforcement Axial

Rebar strain = 0.05 in tension and 0.02 in compression,

shear capacity considers code-specified phi-factors

and expected material strength.

considers code-specified phi-factors and expected

2.3 Design Approach

The following structural elements are designed in anticipation of non-linear response:

AIT CONSULTING page 7 of 136

Design verification using a three-dimensional non-

considering the MCE. The initial design is adjusted

AIT CONSULTING page 8 of 136

2.4.1 Concrete Properties

Table 2-4: Concrete Properties

Member Nominal fC’ Expected fC’

Columns – Podium 40 MPa 44 MPa

Columns – Tower (33rd Lvl.– Rdeck)

Columns – Tower (Found – 33rd Lvl.) 62 MPa 68.2 MPa

Shear Walls (Found – 33rd Lvl.) 62 MPa 68.2 MPa

2.4.2 Reinforcing Steel Properties

Table 2-5: Steel Properties

Standard Nominal fy Expected fy

ASTM A706 400 MPa 460 MPa

2.5 Loading Criteria

A summary of the project-specific loading criteria are as follows.

2.5.1 Gravity Loading

AIT CONSULTING page 9 of 136

Amenity/Health Club 100 psf (NR) 30 psf

Corridors and Stairs 100 psf (NR) 30 psf

Light Storage 125 psf (NR) 30 psf

Office 50 psf 55 psf

Residential 40 psf 65 psf

Residential Balconies (less than 10sqm)

Roof 40 psf 35 psf

account for the weight of the cladding system.

Table 2-7: Cladding Loads

Load Type Load (psf)

Curtain Wall 12 psf (wall area)

Fully grouted 6” CMU 60 psf (wall area)

Masonry Veneer 40 psf (wall area)