ISSN 2319-8885

Volume.08,
Jan-Dec-2019,
Pages:430-433
www.ijsetr.com

Design of Single Plate Clutch System

THIN THIN MAW1, EI EI THAR2, PA PA MINN3
Abstract: This paper presents about of clutch, one of the essential components in automobiles. It is located between the engine
and the gearbox to engaged and disengaged for them. Clutch is used for vehicle to start or stop and mainly used for gear shifting
to prevent jerky motion, gear rattling, and some dangerous. The main function of the clutch is to initiate the motion or increase
the velocity of the vehicle by transferring kinetic energy from the flywheel. In this paper, the function and operation of single
plate clutch as well as its type and main components are described. The single plate clutch is designed on maximum torque of
197 Nm at 2200 rpm, used on inside and outside diameter 150 mm and 240 mm of clutch plate, axial force produced by
diaphragm spring with spring’s outer diameter 214 mm is used to fine the pressures, axial forces, and heat dissipation by clutch
during engaged and outer coil springs diameter 24 mm and inner coil spring diameter 14.2 mm of four concentric springs are
also used for clutch plate torsion spring and also designed for it.

Keywords: Spring, Transmission Torque, Size of Friction Material, Axial Thrust Force And Maximum Pressure.

I. INTRODUCTION (e) Semi-centrifugal clutches

In an automobile, the engine produces power and this
power is carry to the wheels by use of power train. The first
element of this train is clutch. Modern automotive
powertrain and drivetrain systems have at least one clutch as
a component. Clutch is a device used in the transmission
system of a vehicle to engage and disengage the transmission
system from the engine. The clutch is located between the
engine and the transmission system.In a vehicle, the clutch is
always in the engaged position.The function of the clutch is
to disconnect the engine from the remaining parts of the
power transmission system at the will of the driver by
operatin of a foot pedal, thus permitting the engine to run
without driving the car. The requirements of efficient motor-
vehicle operation dictate that the clutch be “thrown out” thus
disconnecting the engine, when starting, when shifting gears,
when stopping, and when idling, although the engine usually
is idled by shifting the transmission or gear set to the
“netural” position. The clutch also permits the gradual taking
up of the load. When property operated, it prevents jerky
motion of the car and thus avoids putting undue strain on the
rest of the power-train units.
(iii) Hydraulic clutches
(a) Fluid coupling
(b) Hydraulic torque converter
(iv) Electro-magnetic clutches
A. Single Disc or Plate Clutch
Single disc or plate clutches are one type of friction
clutches shown in Figure1. As sufficient surface area is
available for heat dissipation in such clutch, no cooling oil is
required. Therefore, single plate clutches are dry type. The
clutch principle is based on friction, when two friction
surface are brought in contact with each other and pressed
they are united due to friction between them. If one is
revolved the other will also revolve. The friction between the
two surfaces depends upon;
(i) Area of the surface,
(ii) Pressure applied upon them,
(iii) Coefficient of friction of the surface materials

II. TYPES OF CLUTCH

According to the method of engagement, there are different
types of clutches and theses are as follow
(i) Positive clutches
(a) Jaw clutches
(b) Spiral clutches Figure1. Single Plate Clutch Assembled on Engine and
(ii) Friction clutches Gearbox Input Design.
(a) Single plate clutches
(b) Multi plate clutches The main system of the friction clutch consists of pressure
(c) Cone clutches plate, clutch disc and flywheel. When the clutch starts to
(d) Centrifugal clutches engage, slipping will occur between contact surfaces due to

Copyright @ 2019 IJSETR. All rights reserved.

 THIN THIN MAW, EI EI THAR, PA PA MINN
the difference in the velocities between them (slipping Where,
period). After this period all contact part are rotating at the W =Axial force or axial thrust
same velocity without slipping (full engagement period).  = Poisson’s ratio for steel spring
h0 = Inner cone height of unloaded spring flank
B. Components of Single Plate Clutch h 0 =Inner cone height of unloaded spring with contact flat
The clutch assembly consists of the following components
S = Deflection of diaphragm spring
(i) Flywheel
fd= W
(ii) Clutch Cover W
c

(iii) Pressure Plate Wc=2πPmaxr2(r1-r2) (∵Pmax × r2 = C)

(iv) Clutch disc or plate A= 2πrdr
(v) Release bearing Where,
(vi) Release fork A= Area of thickness dr

Therefore, normal or axial force on the ring,

δW = Pressure × Area
= P× 2πrdr
And the frictional force on the ring acting tangentially at
radius r,
Fr =μP×2πrdr

Therefore, frictional torque acting on the ring,

Tr= 2πμPr2dr

Considering Uniform Pressure

Figure 2. Main Components of Single Plate Clutch. P= W
π r 1 - r 2 
2 2

III. DESIGN OF A DISC OR PLATE CLUTCH

Consider two friction surfaces maintained in contact by an Natural Frequency of Spring: The natural frequency for
axial force (W) as shown in Figure 3. coil springs clamped between two plates is given by
fn= d 6G.g cycles/s
2π  D n
2
ρ

Where,
d = Diameter of the wire,
D = Mean diameter of the spring,
n = Number of active turns,
G = Modulus of rigidity,
g= Acceleration due to gravity, and
ρ = Density of the material of the spring.

Calculations Load of Torsion Springs by Manufacture

Figure3. Forces on Clucth Plate. Design
Mean diameter of outer coil spring,
Let, D1=Dcoil,1 - d1
T= Torque transmitted by the clutch,
P=Intensity of axial pressure with which the contact surfaces Mean diameter of inner coil spring,
are held together, D2=Dcoil,2 - d2
r1= External radius of friction faces Spring index C1
r2= Internal radii of friction faces, C1= D 1

r= Mean radius of friction face, and d1

μ= Coefficient of friction Spring index C2
C2= D 2
Diaphragm Spring Force: d 2
The spring characteristic is varied within wide limits by
Wahl’s stress factors
altering the ratio of free cone height h0 to thickness t. The
4C 1 0.615
axial force of diaphragm spring is calculated as K1 = 1

4C  4 C1
 
3
Wc= 4Et s h s  h s  1
K K       1 
2 2 0 0

1  ν K D
2
1


2
e  t
4 4
t  t 2t  
In concentric spring,
K1=K2
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research
Volume.08, Jan-Dec-2019, Pages: 430-433
 Design of Single Plate Clutch System
Clutch disc spring is made by oil tempered spring steel Disc Spring Stress:
wire and continuous loading on the spring types, so choose Diameter of fulcrum wire ring Di=166 mm
serve service. Diameter of load applied by pressure plate Da=204 mm
Number of finger nf= 15
Load on outer coil spring Diameter of load applied by release bearing, Db= 54 mm
τ1= K 8W 1 C 1
1
πd 1
2 Size of Friction Material:
Outer diameter of friction material Dc1 = 240 mm
Load on inner coil spring
Inner diameter of friction material Dc2= 150 mm
τ2= K 8W C 2 2
2 2
πd 2 Calculation of Torsion Springs
In concentric spring, Diameter of outer coil spring, Dcoil,1 =24 mm
W1 + W2=W Wire diameter outer coil spring, d1 =4.47 mm
Clutch disc is around with four concentric springs, so total Number of active coil for outer coil spring, n1=4 turns
load on the spring is Diameter of inner coil spring, Dcoil,2=14.2 mm
Wd=4W Wire diameter inner coil spring, d2 =2.642 mm
Calculations Load of Torsion Spring by Engine Maximum Number of active coil for inner coil spring, n2=8 turns
Torque Free length of coil spring, Lf1 = Lf2 =42 mm
Length of plate center to coil center, m=48mm

Table1. Design Result of Single Clutch Plate

Figure 4. Force on the Torsion Spring in Clutch Plate

Length of i= L f1

Length of B= i
2
 m
2

β + γ=900
design factor for operation,
fd= W d

W T

Calculation of Nature Frequency of Spring V. CONCLUSION

The clutch is to permit smooth, gradual connection and
Nature frequency of outer coil spring; disconnection of two members having a common axis of
rotation. The single plate friction clutch used commonly with
fn1 = d 6Gg 1
car manual gearboxes. On manual gearboxes, the drive from
2π  D n
2
ρ 1 1
the engine also has to be disconnected during gear changes.
Nature frequency of inner coil spring is also calculate
Components of single plate clutch and some calculation
fn1= d 6Gg 2 results are described. In diaphragm spring, the axial force
2π  D n
2
ρ 2 2 applied on the clutch plate is 3367.5214 N due to engine
IV. DESIGN CALCULATIN OF SINGLE PLATE maximum torque, but actual axial force in diaphragm spring
CLUTCH is designed 4255.7233 N for safety. In concentric coil
Known data springs, load by allowable stress 2394.2852 N is greater than
Power P= 71 kW at 4000 rpm load by maximum torque 2052.0839 N because in
Torque T= 197 N.m at 2200 rpm engineering application operation load is must less than the
allowable load. General design factor is within from 1.1 to
Modeling of Disc Spring: 1.5 or 150%. While studying the maximum pressure 0.2007
Outer diameter of diaphragm spring De=214 mm N/mm2 is within 0.2-0.3 N/mm2. Total stiffness of concentric
Inner diameter of diaphragm spring flank spring is 331.2148 N/mm. Heat dissipation for each
Di=164 mm engagement is 13.6718 J. In this calculation, period of clutch
Total height of diaphragm finger H = 23 mm slip is less, good for clutch friction material but some
Length of diaphragm finger b = 88 mm negative effects for human (i.e. jerky motion). Safety
Length of flank c= 26 mm clutches are used to disengage the driven part from the
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research
Volume.08, Jan-Dec-2019, Pages: 430-433
 THIN THIN MAW, EI EI THAR, PA PA MINN
driving part when the transmitted load or torque exceeds a
permissible limit. The precision which the safety clutches
limit the transmitted torque is the index of their accuracy.

VI. REFERENCES
[1] ValiyaB. R., Lecturer, “Theoretical Calculation and
Design of a Single Plate Clutch Use in Automobile,”
Department of Mechanical Engineering, S. B. Polytechnic
(KJ Campus), Savli, India. IJSTE-ISSN (O)-2321-0613,
Vol05 Issue 04, 2017, www.ijsrd.com.
[2]ViswabharathyP., “Static and Dynamic Analysis of Single
Plate Clutch in Four Wheeler Application Using ANSYS,”
Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Shivani College of Engineering & Technology, Tiruchir
appalli, Tamilnadu, India. International Journal of Emerging
Technologies in Engineering Research (IJETER) Volume 5,
Issue 3, March (2017) www.ijeter.everscience.org,
[3]AbhijitRupnar, Aditya Babar, AkashKarale, UG Student,
“Design and Analysis of Diaphragm Spring of aSingle Plate
Dry Clutch,” Department of Mechanical Engineering, Smt.
KashibaiNavale College of Engineering, Pune. IJSTE-ISSN
(O)-2349-784X,Vol02,Issue12,pp-26-30,2016,www.ijste.
org.
[4]May ThinGyan, “Design and Structural Analysis of
SinglePlate Clutch,” Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Mandalay TechnologicalUniversity, Mandalay, Myanmar.
IJSTE-ISSN (O)-2319-8885, Vol03 Issue 10, May 2014, pp-
2238-2241, www.ijsetr.com
[5] Deshnhrator Vishal J., “Design and Structural Analysis
of Single Plate Friction Clutch”,Assistant Professor,
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of Technology, Nagpur. IJSTE-ISSN (O)-2278-0181, Vol02
Issue 10, 2013, pp-3726-3732, www.ijert.org.
[6] Robert C. Juvinall, “Fundamentals of Machine
Component Design,” Fifth Edition, Professor of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Michigan, 2012.
[7]DanevDarko, “Increasing Stiffness of Diaphragm Spring
Fingers as a Approach Improvement of Friction Clutch
Function,” Cyril and Methodius University, in Skopje, 2014.

International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research

Volume.08, Jan-Dec-2019, Pages: 430-433