Material Report For

Development/Widening of Talegaon Chakan Shikrapur Nhavara Section of NH 548DG Volume-3 Material Report
(Nhavara to Choufula Section) of state highway in the state of Maharashtra" on PPP Mode
SOIL AND MATERIAL INVESTIGATIONS

1 .0 Int rod uct ion:
This report covers the survey, investigation, testing of Soil and Construction Materials for suitability
and availability in and around the project area. The project road segment of Talegaon Chakan
Shikrapur Nhavara Section of NH 548DG (Nhavara to Choufula Section) is identified for for
Development/Widening from Nhavara to Choufula Section for a length of about 24.100 Km (As
per RFP). The road primarily runs in N-S direction and connects Nhavara, Kedagaon and other
important Blocks and Tehsil Headquarters located enroute. The Start point of the project road
from from Km 0+000 with + junction of NH-548DG (R/s Talegaon, L/s Beed) in Nhavara town in
Pune District and terminate at Km. 24+100 (km 55/8 i.e., NH-65) with + junction in Kodegaon Town
(L/s Solapur, R/s Pune), in Pune District. This report include locations of probable quarries for
earth, sub grade soil, stone & sand for widening & construction of road and structure along the
corridor. Quarries are so chosen that all construction material satisfy the specifications for
construction of road and bridges satisfying requirement of MOSRT&H specifications.
Physiography
The district forms part of Western Ghat and Deccan Plateau. Physiography of the district has
given rise to four major characteristic land forms namely; (1) The hills and Ghats (2) The foot hills
(3) the plateau and (4) the plains from West to East. Physiographically, the road length is
disposed over the Plateau and upland from westo East and predominantly represent the
moderately undulating topography and defined as moderately dissected plateau and uplands.
2 .0 Soil T yp e
The soils of the district are the weathering products of Basalt and have various shades from grey
to black, red and pink colour. The soils occurring in the district are classified in the four categories
namely lateritic
Black soil (Kali), reddish brown soil (Mal), coarse shallow reddish black soil (Koral), medium light
brownish black soil (Barad). In general the soils are very fertile and suitable for growing cereal
and pulses.
3 .0 Geolog y
Basalticlava flow soccupies more than 95% of the area of the district. These flow sare normally
horizontally disposed over awide stretchand give risetotable land type of topography also
known a plateau. These flow soccur in layered sequences ranging in thickness from 7 to 45
mand represented by massive unitat the bottom andvesicular unitat the top ofthe flow. These
flow sare separated from eachother by marker bed known as ‘bolebed’. The basalt rock is
weathered & fractured and jointed near the surface in local pockets and forms potential
aquifers.
The thickness of weathering inthe district various widely upto 20mbgl.However,the weathered
and fractured trap occurringin topographic lows forms the potential aquifer in the district.
M/s Lion Engineering Consultants Page 1 of 22

4.0 Alluvium
Alluvium occurs in small areas along banks and flood plains of major rivers like Bhima, Ghod,
Mula, Muthaand their tributaries. In alluvium the granulardetrital material like sand and gravel
usually occur in gas thinlayer in the district yields water. But duetoitslimited extent the ground
water potential in this form ationis negligible. 5.0
Drainage:
The district has three major drainage systems namely (i) The Bhima-Ghod River System in
northern, north-eastern and eastern part of which Bhima River has a total length of about 355 km
and Ghod river has a drainage of about 196 km. (ii) Mula-Mutha River System covering the
central part and having total length of 242 km in the district. (iii) Nira River system covering south,
south-east and eastern part and has total length of about 231 km in the district. The other

Important Rivers that are flowing through the district are Bhima, Andhra, Karna, Shivganga,
Pushpavati, Pauna and Indrayani.
The rivers have mostly developed in semi-dendritic drainage pattern and the drainage density is
quite high. Based on geomorphological setting and drainage pattern of the district is divided
into 71 water sheds.
Climate and Rainfall

The climate of the district is on the whole is agreeable. The winter season is from December to
about the middle of February followed by summer season which last up to May. June to
September is the south-west monsoon season, whereas October and November constitute the
post-monsoon season. The mean minimum temperature is about 12°C and mean maximum
temperature is about 39°C. The normal annual rainfall over the district varies from about 468 mm
to 4659 mm. It is minimum in the eastern part of the district around Daund (468 mm), Baramati
(486 mm) and Jujuri (494 mm). This increases towards west and reaches a maximum around
Khandala (4659 mm) in the western ghat. The Chances of receiving normal rainfall are maximum
(50 to 55%) in eastern part around Indapur and Daund, in the central part around Pune city and
small area around Junnar in northern part of the district. Rainfall analysis also indicates
occurrence of drought prone area in eastern, southern, south-eastern, central and north western
part around Indapur, Baramati, Jujuri, Daund, Talegaon, Damdhare ,Alandi, Shirur and Bhore
covering about 50% area of the district. Taluka wise average annual rainfall for the period 2003
to 2012 ranges from about 474 mm (Daund) to 2668 mm (velhe) and same is presented in Table
below:
Table -1 Annual Rainfall Data From Year 2003 to 2012 (Rainfall in mm)
Taluka 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Decadal
Average
PuneCity 335.3 652.4 1239.5 1246 779.44 689.29 909.7 1169 979.9 492.7 849.32
Haveli 452.2 890.6 1250.3 1247.5 859.04 706.09 938.3 1147.8 979.6 505.4 897.67
6
Mulshi 1251 1878 2875.8 2804 1834 1602 1836.7 1592 1792 1438 1890.35
Bhor 712 1380.1 1714 1762 1429.4 998 1213 1121 1129.3 833 1229.18
Maval 1026 1466 2561 2252 1442.6 1399.5 1364.8 1168 1482 1013 1571.14
Velhe 1420 2054.4 6320.6 3997 3263 2409 1405 2043 2695.1 2070.4 2667.7
Junnar 648.2 771.8 1344.4 1237 880 747.4 706 862.3 769 557.1 852.32
Khed 386.2 775 973.1 1461.1 756.5 692.66 639.6 1018.4 637.7 436.2 777.65
Ambegaon 421.8 735.1 1025 1338.3 830.9 735 732.3 823.4 836 616.6 809.44
Shirur 266 374 460 760 674 492 859.6 849.5 441.8 321 549.69
Baramati 113.2 521 711 567 622 454 738.8 804.6 291 235 505.76
Indapur 163.3 651.9 696.1 668 640.3 345.4 932.4 805.8 399 250.6 555.28
Daund 156.3 522 742.2 594 604.85 326.7 474.3 639.3 347.6 337.4 474.46
Purandhar 215 710 1158 1476 519 497 806 602 609.4 371 696.34
District 540.46 995.87 1647.9 1529.2 1081 814.62 968.3 1046.1 956.38 676.9
Average

6.0 Soil and Material Survey, Investigation And Analysis

6.1 Survey was conducted to identify suitable locations for construction materials and quarry chart
has been prepared indicating the probable source of material as per MORTH Specifications and
requirement. Following type of tests are conducted : -
1. Field Density for existing embankment soil.
2. Atterberg’s limit (L.L. P.L. & P.I) and mechanical soil properties to classify the type of soil and
CBR value for existing embankment.
3. Stone material for coarse aggregate, Impact Test, Water Absorption, Density and Specific
Gravity Test.
Samples were collected and tested in our field laborotory. Following type of samples were
collected:
1. Soil Samples from existing embankment.
2. Soil Samples for New Embankment Work are collected from identified sources for establishing
the properties as per MOSR&TH specifications.
3. Stone material for Coarse Aggregate, required for pavement (Flexible / Rigid) Construction,
and structural work. (For WBM, WMM, Cement Concrete, & Asphalt work)
4. Fine aggregate, Sand sample from Mahan River for concrete work.
Sources for construction materials, which are required to be procured directly from the
manufacturer such as CEMENT, STEEL and BITUMEN, are also investigated and identified.
Water samples from different places are collected and tested.
6.2 Investigations carried out: -
Activities for collection of samples and testing of material were carried out as per frequency
given below
Table -2 Quantum of Investigations
Sr. Task Description Average interval Number of Samples

No. Tested
1. Test pit Excavation penetrating the existing 3 km. 8 Nos.

pavement structure down to the subgrade
Summary of Test
level to record the composition of existing
Conducted is
pavement.
appended in the
report
2. Conducting Field Density Test on subgrade. 3 km. 8 Nos. - Do -

(by Sand Replacement)
3. Collecting Subgrade Soil sample from As per provision of

existing embankment portion and TOR 4.11.3.3
8 Nos.
conducting:
i. Maximum Dry density (Modified 8 Nos.
Proctor Density Test) 8 Nos.
ii. Atterberg’s Limit test (LL,PL & PI)
iii. Lab CBR Test (Soaked & Unsoaked) 8 Nos.

Sr. Task Description Average interval Number of Samples

No. Tested
iv. Classification of subgrade soil as per
IS:1498-1970
4. Test pit excavation near existing As per provision of

embankment toe sample from adjoining TOR 4.11.3.3
land for proposed widening for conducting
Lab-Test
i. Maximum Dry density (Modified 5 Nos.
Proctor Density Test)
ii. Atterberg’s Limit test (LL,PL & PI)
iii. Lab CBR Test (Soaked & Unsoaked) 5 Nos.
iv. Classification of sub soil as per
5 Nos.
IS: 1498-1970.
5. Investigation for Quarry samples for soil One sample from

i. Maximum Dry density (Modified each quarry
Proctor Density Test)
ii. Atterberg’s Limit test (LL ,PL & PI)
iii. Lab CBR Test (Soaked & Unsoaked)
iv. Classification of sub soil as per IS:1498-
1970.
6. Investigation for Quarry samples for Metal One sample from 5 Nos.
aggregate. each quarry
i. Specific Gravity Test
ii. Water Absorption Test
iii. Aggregate Impact test.
iv. Striping Value Test
v. Soundness Test.
vi. Gradation Test
vii. Flakiness index / Elongation Index
6.3 Standard for testing and test procedures
The standard test procedures are followed for field test as well as for lab testing. Standards are
given in table. All tests are carried out in our field laborotory and some samples are also tested
out side in recognized Soil testing laboratories.
Table -3 List of Standard Codes Adopted For Testing
Sr. Description of Test Method as per Remark

No.
1. Field Dry Density Test using Sand IS 2720 Part 28

Sr. Description of Test Method as per Remark

No.
Replacement Method
2. Determination of Moisture Content. IS 2720 Part 2 Rapid moisture meter for

Section-1 & 5 Field and oven drying in
lab
3. Atterberge Limit (LL, PL, PI) IS 2720 Part 5 Cassagrande Testing

Equipment
4. Modified Compaction Test (Determination of IS 2720 Part 8 Density test apparatus

Maximum Dry Density and OMC).
(With heavy Compaction)
5. Lab CBR Value (Soaked and Un-soaked at IS 2720 Part 16 CBR machine with
three energy levels) calibrated proving ring
6. Aggregate Impact Value IS 2386 Part 4
7. Coating and striping value of aggregate for IS 6241

Bitumen pavement
8. Soundness test of aggregate IS 2386 Part 5
9. Flakiness and Elongation Index IS 2386 Part 1
10. Water absorption and Specific Gravity of IS 2386 Part 3

aggregate for
a) Flexible Pavement WBM, WMM

b) Asphalted Pavement
c) Rigid Pavement
d) Concrete work for structures etc.
11. Soil Classification & Sieve analysis IS 2720 part 4 Soil Classification is done
according to Indian Soil
Classification System
(ISC) as per IS 1498-1970.
12. Sieve Analysis of Coarse Aggregate IS 2386 Part 1
6.4 Existing Sub grade and Embankment Soil Investigations
Test pits were excavated at selected locations for preliminary survey along with both directions
to perform the field density test and to determine the crust of existing road. The test pits were
dug from existing pavement surface up to sub-grade level. Surface was leveled and prepared
for field density test. FDD tests were conducted at each test pit location. Moisture content test
was conducted using rapid moisture meter. Sufficient quantities of samples were collected to
conduct various laboratory tests as listed below: -
6.5 Tests carried on Existing Subgrade Soil Samples
Following tests were performed in our field laboratory the Details are given in table - 1.5:

i) Grain size distribution test for each sample. (Sieve Analysis)
ii) Atterberg’s limits (L.L., P.L & P.I, )
iii) Moisture Density Relationship (By using method of Heavy Compaction)
iv) Four day soaked CBR Test at optimum moisture content at three energy levels.
6.6 Toe Soil Investigation ( Portion to be widened)

The test pit were excavated at suitable/selected location near the existing toe line and in
proposed widening portion to ascertain the strength of sub base (virgin land / natural ground).
Accordingly In all 4 numbers of natural land soil sample (in road way width of proposed widening
width) were collected for testing in the field laboratory. Tests performed are given in table 1.6:-
i) Grain Size Distribution for each sample.
ii) Atterberg’s limits for each sample (LL, PL, PI)
iii) Field Moisture
iv) Moister Content Density Relation Ship (By using method of Heavy Compaction)
v) Soked CBR Volue
6.7 Construction Materials Investigation

(Soil and material investigation data)
The object of material survey and investigation was to locate & identify the source of proper
quality materials required for project. For this purpose samples were taken from borrow area and
tested for their engineering property required as per MORTH specifications for roads & bridges. It
was also ascertained whether the proper type of materials are available in sufficient quantities
and within minimum lead. As a first step material sources were identified during the prliminary
field investigation. The samples for earth, sub grade soil, Stone, Stone aggregate (metals) of
different sizes and sand were collected and tested in our field laboratory.
6.8 Borrow Areas

The investigation was aimed at locating the potential borrow areas for embankment fill / sub
grade & Granular sub base material for widening as well as for realignment and different type of
metal for concrete and asphalt work along the project corridor to minimize the haulage (lead
charges) for economy and suitability. For this, information from Local PWD, NH Division, district
mining officer and local contractors / suppliers were collected. Based on the preliminary
information actual survey was conducted and quarry chart was prepared. Samples were
collected and Borrow areas were identified. Information regarding area, available quantity, and
ownership whether private or government was also collected. Samples were tested in our
material testing laboratory. Details shown Table 1.8 & earth borrow area chart.
6.8.1 Borrow Pits for Construction Materials
For Embankment and for Granular base material, Stone metal and Sand
Material survey and investigations have been carried out to determine the availability and
suitability of the various soils and materials to be used in the project work. Soil & material of good
quality for embankment / sub grade construction and granular material / stone metal for
pavement are available in sufficient quantity from various identified borrow areas and quarries.

The Geo-tech team has carried out surveys in the project area and identified locations from
where adequate quantity of various road construction materials would be available for
completing the assignment. The various available locations for metal, moorrum, sand etc. have
been marked on the quarry charts. Samples of these materials were also collected. For earth to
be taken from borrow areas in the vicinity of the road, gradation Atterberg and Modified Procter
Tests for CBR have been carried out.
6.8.2 Manufacture Materials
Cement
Ordinary Portland cement grades 33, 43 and 53 conforming to IS: 269, IS: 8112, and IS: 12269
respectively shall be used subject to the condition that the design cement content does not
exceed 540 kg per cum and the minimum requirement of cement from durability
considerations are provided. Use of Portland slag cement or Portland pozzolana cement
shall not be permissible for any structural concrete. Other grades of cement such as Rapid
hardening cement conforming to IS: 8041 and Sulphate resistant cement conforming to IS:
12330 shall be permissible in specific situations subject to the provisions of clause 1000 of
MOSRTH specifications. Cement is available in near by areas from the manufacturers in Pune
and Solapur
Steel
High Yield Strength Deformed (HYSD) reinforcing bars of F e 5 0 0 g rade conforming to IS:
1786-2008 and High Tensile Strength pre-stressing tendons conforming to IS: 6006 shall be used.
Steel with IS certification are indigenously available in from the manufacturers in Pune and
Satara
Bitumen
It is observed on the project road that the annual rainfall is around 1400 mm and
temperature variation less than 25 degree centigrade. The consultant proposes the following
grade of bitumen considering seasonal temperature variation, number of commercial traffic
and traffic loading.
Considering the above factors the following grades of bitumen are proposed for the mixes
as per Appendix 4 of MOSRT&H Specifications for roads and bridges:
60/70 paving grade bitumen conforming to IS: 73 shall be used. Crumb rubber modified
bitumen (CRMB) and Polymer modified bitumen (PMB) conforming to IRC: SP: 53 shall be
used. Bitumen of VG-30 grade are available from HPCL, BPCL and IOCL in Mumbai and CRMB
and PMB are available from IOCL in Panipat, Mathura, Koyali and Haldia.

Table:-4 Summary of DCP Test Result & Crust Composition along the Existing Road
Initial Final
Running Final Penetration Field C.B.R Crust Thickness (mm)
S.no Side Reading Reading
Chainage Blows
MM MM mm /blow % Surface Base Sub - Base
1 1.250 LHS 30.000 417.00 120.00 3.23 87.60 30.00 180.00 -
2 4.750 RHS 35.000 970.00 120.00 7.79 34.48 30.00 190.00 -
3 6.450 RHS 20.000 974.00 92.00 10.37 25.49 70.00 190.00 -
4 8.750 LHS 15.000 970.00 120.00 7.96 33.72 50.00 200.00 -
5 10.750 LHS 15.000 350.00 120.00 2.79 102.03 25.00 320.00 -
6 12.750 RHS 20.000 970.00 38.00 25.00 10.05 30.00 310.00 100.00
7 15.750 LHS 10.000 960.00 31.00 30.65 8.11 40.00 260.00 100.00
8 20.750 LHS 20.000 960.00 25.00 37.60 6.53 90.00 110.00 -
Table:-5 Summary of the Lab. Test Results for Existing Sub-Grade Soil along the Existing Road
Soil Grain Size Analysis Test Atterberg Limits %) Optimum

Existing Max. dry Soaked
Classific FSI Moisture
Sr. No. Chainag Side Silt & Density CBR
ation Gravel Sand (%) LL PL PI Content
e in km. Clay (g/cc) Value (%)
Unified (%)
1. 1.250 LHS CL 29.750 19.750 50.500 20.43 40.250 22.110 18.140 1.995 13.850 9.66
2. 4.750 RHS CL 39.320 17.630 43.050 21.83 40.650 22.400 18.250 1.980 14.000 9.26
3. 6.450 RHS CL 41.150 20.500 38.350 24.13 45.600 25.460 20.140 2.030 10.050 14.18
4. 8.750 LHS CL 5.690 18.870 75.440 17.83 36.800 20.230 16.570 1.920 15.000 6.86

Soil Grain Size Analysis Test Atterberg Limits %) Optimum

Existing Max. dry Soaked
Classific FSI Moisture
Sr. No. Chainag Side Silt & Density CBR
ation Gravel Sand (%) LL PL PI Content
e in km. Clay (g/cc) Value (%)
Unified (%)
5. 10.750 LHS CL 3.450 17.100 79.450 18.11 37.000 20.090 16.910 1.910 14.950 7.02
6. 12.750 RHS ML 36.250 33.520 30.230 15.93 30.350 17.990 12.360 2.040 9.600 15.17
7. 15.750 LHS ML 34.400 32.650 32.950 16.87 31.850 18.610 13.240 2.035 9.850 14.73
8. 20.750 LHS ML 4.560 41.840 53.600 20.15 32.800 19.880 12.920 1.850 15.350 6.02
Note: - CL – Inorgnic clay of low to medium plasticity
CH – Inorgnic clay of high plasticity
SP - Poorly graded sands
SC – Clayey Sand
ML - Inorgnic silts of low plastic city
SM – Silty Sands
GP- Poorly graded gravels
GM-Silty gravels
GC-Clayey gravels

Graphical representation of the maximum dry density and the corresponding optimum moisture
content along the project road stretch is shown in Figure 1 & 2 the soaked CBR values are shown
in Figure 1
Figure 1 Graphical representation of the MDD the project road stretch
Figure 2: Graphical representation of the OMC along the project road stretch

Figure 3; Graphical representation of the soaked CBR values

Table:-6 Summary of the Lab. Test Results for O.G.L Soil along the Existing Road
Grain Size Analysis Test Atterberg Limits %)

Existing Soil Optimum
Sr. Gravel Sand Silt & FSI Max dry Soaked
Chainag Side Classification Moisture
No. Content Content Clay (%) LL PL PI Density CBR Value
e in km. Unified Content
Content
1 1.250 RHS CL 20.400 45.550 34.050 32.850 39.450 18.200 21.250 1.960 13.600 9.85
2 6.450 LHS CL 19.400 16.000 64.600 47.110 49.900 24.950 24.950 1.760 17.550 4.64
3 10.750 RHS MH 3.650 9.350 87.000 52.550 55.450 27.150 28.300 1.725 18.350 1.37
4 15.750 RHS MH 1.970 13.090 84.940 52.630 55.700 27.280 28.420 1.720 18.500 1.17
5 20.750 LHS MH 4.050 15.780 80.170 52.110 55.800 27.370 28.430 1.730 18.200 1.80
Note: - CL – Inorgnic clay of low to medium plasticity
CH – Inorgnic clay of high plasticity
SP - Poorly graded sands
SC – Clayey Sand
ML - Inorgnic silts of low plastic city
SM – Silty Sands
GP- Poorly graded gravels
GM-Silty gravels
GC-Clayey gravels
MH – Inorgnic Silt of high plasticity

Graphical representation of the maximum dry density and the corresponding optimum moisture
content along the project road stretch is shown in Figure 3 & 4 the soaked CBR values are shown
in Figure 5
Figure 3 Graphical representation of the MDD the project road stretch
Figure 4: Graphical representation of the OMC along the project road stretch

Figure 5; Graphical representation of the soaked CBR values
Table - 7 Stone Quarry for Aggregate
Sr.No. Chainage in Distance Water Specific Aggregate Fineness

km. (in km) from Absorption Gravity Impact Value modulus
Quarry source (%) (%) of Sand
to project
road
1 50.00 25.00 - - - 2.68




PHOTOGRAPHS DURING THE COLLECTION OF SOIL SAMPLE




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Development/Widening of Talegaon Chakan Shikrapur Nhavara Section of NH 548DG Volume-3 Material Report

SOIL AND MATERIAL INVESTIGATIONS

M/s Lion Engineering Consultants Page 1 of 22

M/s Lion Engineering Consultants Page 2 of 22

Climate and Rainfall

M/s Lion Engineering Consultants Page 3 of 22

6.0 Soil and Material Survey, Investigation And Analysis

1. Field Density for existing embankment soil.

1. Soil Samples from existing embankment.

Water samples from different places are collected and tested.

6.2 Investigations carried out: -

Table -2 Quantum of Investigations

Sr. Task Description Average interval Number of Samples

1. Test pit Excavation penetrating the existing 3 km. 8 Nos.

2. Conducting Field Density Test on subgrade. 3 km. 8 Nos. - Do -

3. Collecting Subgrade Soil sample from As per provision of

M/s Lion Engineering Consultants Page 4 of 22

Sr. Task Description Average interval Number of Samples

4. Test pit excavation near existing As per provision of

5. Investigation for Quarry samples for soil One sample from

6.3 Standard for testing and test procedures

Table -3 List of Standard Codes Adopted For Testing

Sr. Description of Test Method as per Remark

1. Field Dry Density Test using Sand IS 2720 Part 28

M/s Lion Engineering Consultants Page 5 of 22

Sr. Description of Test Method as per Remark

2. Determination of Moisture Content. IS 2720 Part 2 Rapid moisture meter for

3. Atterberge Limit (LL, PL, PI) IS 2720 Part 5 Cassagrande Testing

4. Modified Compaction Test (Determination of IS 2720 Part 8 Density test apparatus

6. Aggregate Impact Value IS 2386 Part 4

7. Coating and striping value of aggregate for IS 6241

8. Soundness test of aggregate IS 2386 Part 5

9. Flakiness and Elongation Index IS 2386 Part 1

10. Water absorption and Specific Gravity of IS 2386 Part 3

a) Flexible Pavement WBM, WMM

12. Sieve Analysis of Coarse Aggregate IS 2386 Part 1

6.4 Existing Sub grade and Embankment Soil Investigations

6.5 Tests carried on Existing Subgrade Soil Samples

M/s Lion Engineering Consultants Page 6 of 22

i) Grain size distribution test for each sample. (Sieve Analysis)

ii) Atterberg’s limits (L.L., P.L & P.I, )

iii) Moisture Density Relationship (By using method of Heavy Compaction)

6.6 Toe Soil Investigation ( Portion to be widened)

i) Grain Size Distribution for each sample.

ii) Atterberg’s limits for each sample (LL, PL, PI)

iii) Field Moisture

v) Soked CBR Volue

6.7 Construction Materials Investigation

6.8 Borrow Areas

6.8.1 Borrow Pits for Construction Materials

M/s Lion Engineering Consultants Page 7 of 22

6.8.2 Manufacture Materials

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Soil Grain Size Analysis Test Atterberg Limits %) Optimum

M/s Lion Engineering Consultants Page 9 of 22

Soil Grain Size Analysis Test Atterberg Limits %) Optimum

Note: - CL – Inorgnic clay of low to medium plasticity

CH – Inorgnic clay of high plasticity

SP - Poorly graded sands

ML - Inorgnic silts of low plastic city

GP- Poorly graded gravels

M/s Lion Engineering Consultants Page 10 of 22