Republic of the Philippines

Department Education of
Schools Division of CEBU PROVINCE

School: SAN MIGUEL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Date: August 24-28, 2020
Grade/Section: Grade 10 Subject Area/s: English

I. MELC: Evaluate and make judgements about a range of texts using a set of criteria e.g .
comparing arguments on the same topic, critiquing a short story.

II. Objective/s:
Knowledge: Identify the different types of texts;
Skills: Evaluate the different type of texts given and make judgements of the purpose of its
texts.
Values/Attitude: Apply the purpose in writing in real scenario.

III. Subject Matter: Different Types of Texts

IV. References: Celebrating Diversity through World Literature
https://www.literacyideas.com/different-text-types

IV. Procedure:
A. Readings:

WHAT IS A TEXT?
The word ‘text’ comes from the Latin term texere, meaning ‘to weave’. Many critics regard text
as a linguistic structure woven out of words or signs. Therefore a text is a human product whose form
is achieved by its author’s design and its meanings by the author’s intentional uses of the verbal
medium. Therefore, a text contains meaning which is open to interpretation . 

DIFFERENT TYPES OF TEXTS

1. Narrative Text: Based on perception in time. It narrates succession of events in chronological

order. For instance, fairy stories, mysteries, science fiction, romances, horror stories,
adventure stories, fables, myths and legends, historical narratives, ballads, slice of life,
personal experience are this type.

2. Descriptive Text: Based on perception in space. It creates a vivid picture of place, characters,

events and things which are often to be found in narratives such as novels and short stories.

3.  Expository Text: It aims at explanation, i.e. the cognitive analysis and subsequent syntheses
of complex facts. Example: Essay.

4. Argumentative Text: Its aim is to change the readers’ beliefs. They often contain negative
qualities or characteristics of something/someone, or try to persuade their readers that an
object, product, idea is in some way better than others.

5. Informative Text: It is nonfiction writing, written with the intention of informing the reader
about a specific topic. It is typically found in magazines, science or history books,
autobiographies and instruction manuals
 6. Persuasive Text: It is any text where the main purpose is to present a point of view and seeks
to persuade a reader. A persuasive text can be an argument, exposition, discussion, review or
even an advertisement.

AUTHOR’S PURPOSES IN WRITING

What is an author’s purpose? It is the reason an author decides to write about a specific topic.
Then, once a topic is selected, the author must decide whether his purpose for writing is to inform,
persuade, or entertain the reader.
When an author knows his purpose in writing, he will have a clear view of how he will present
his ideas to help his readers. He will be guided on how to develop his writing and be able to achieve
writing an article truly for its purpose. There are three basic purposes in writing a text, they are
shortcut as PIE and they are:
1. To Persuade (P)
In a text that is written to persuade, the author’s primary purpose is to compel readers to take
action, convince them of an idea through argument, or to reaffirm their existing beliefs.
Example:
The school fair is right around the corner, and tickets have just gone on sale. We are selling a
limited number of tickets at a discount, so move fast and get yours while they are still available. This
is going to be an event you will not want to miss! Spend time with your family and friends at our
school fair. Buy your tickets now!
2. To Inform (I)
The primary purpose of texts that are written to inform is to enlighten the reader or provide the
reader with information about a topic.

Example:
Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection causing a severe flu-like illness and, sometimes
causing a potentially lethal complication called severe dengue. The incidence of dengue has
increased 30-fold over the last 50 years. Up to 50-100 million infections are now estimated to occur
annually in over 100 endemic countries, putting almost half of the world’s population at risk.

Does the text provide facts and information?

3. To Entertain (E)
The primary purpose of texts that are written to entertain is to amuse readers. This does not
mean that the text must be happy; the text could be a tragedy, but the main reason for writing the text
is to entertain readers.
Example:
I was walking in the middle of the ground when I saw you with your new girl. You were holding
her hands the way you used to hold mine. I should have never let you go. All that is left in me right
now is regret.

B. Exercises for skill subjects/Analysis questions using HOTS for content subjects

Exercise 1
Directions: Read the news article below then answer the questions that follow. Write your answers
in your separate activity notebook.
 Face masks critical in preventing spread of COVID-19
A study by a team of researchers led by a Texas A&M University professor has found that not wearing
a face mask dramatically increases a person's chances of being infected by the COVID-19 virus.
Renyi Zhang, Texas A&M Distinguished Professor of Atmospheric Sciences and the Harold J. Haynes
Chair in the College of Geosciences, and colleagues from the University of Texas, the University of California-
San Diego and the California Institute of Technology have had their work published in the current issue
of PNAS (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences).
The team examined the chances of COVID-19 infection and how the virus is easily passed from person
to person. From trends and mitigation procedures in China, Italy and New York City, the researchers found that
using a face mask reduced the number of infections by more than 78,000 in Italy from April 6-May 9 and by
over 66,000 in New York City from April 17-May 9.
"Our results clearly show that airborne transmission via respiratory aerosols represents the dominant route for
the spread of COVID-19," Zhang said. "By analyzing the pandemic trends without face-covering using the
statistical method and by projecting the trend, we calculated that over 66,000 infections were prevented by
using a face mask in little over a month in New York City. We conclude that wearing a face mask in public
corresponds to the most effective means to prevent inter-human transmission.
"This inexpensive practice, in conjunction with social distancing and other procedures, is the most likely
opportunity to stop the COVID-19 pandemic. Our work also highlights that sound science is essential in
decision-making for the current and future public health pandemics."
One of the paper's co-authors, Mario Molina, is a professor at the University of California-San Diego
and a co-recipient of the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his role in understanding the threat to the Earth's
ozone layer of human-made halocarbon gases.
"Our study establishes very clearly that using a face mask is not only useful to prevent infected
coughing droplets from reaching uninfected persons, but is also crucial for these uninfected persons to avoid
breathing the minute atmospheric particles (aerosols) that infected people emit when talking and that can
remain in the atmosphere tens of minutes and can travel tens of feet," Molina said.
Zhang said that many people in China have worn face masks for years, mainly because of the bad air
quality of the country.
"So people there are sort of used to this," he said. "Mandated face-covering helped China in containing
the COVID-19 outbreak."
Zhang said the results should send a clear message to people worldwide -- wearing a face mask is
essential in fighting the virus.
"Our work suggests that the failure in containing the propagation of COVID-19 pandemic worldwide is
largely attributed to the unrecognized importance of airborne virus transmission," he said. "Social-distancing
and washing our hands must continue, but that's not sufficient enough protection. Wearing a face mask as well
as practicing good hand hygiene and social distancing will greatly reduce the chances of anyone contracting
the COVID-19 virus."
The study was funded by the Robert A. Welch Foundation.
source: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/06/200612172200.htm

Fill in the table with the information from the news article. Write your answer on your activity
notebook.

What is the news all about?

Who are the persons involved in

the news?

What other significant details have

you noted?

Why would it be useful for us to

know about it?
 C. Assessment/Application

Directions: Read the instruction very carefully to answer all the items. Write only the letter of your
answer on your activity notebook.
1. You are reading a text that convinces you Blueberry cheese cake is the best dessert. What is the purpose of
the text?

A. To explain B. To inform

C. To instruct D. To persuade

2. What is the purpose of informative text?

A. To tell you how to do something

B. To persuade you to buy something

C. To provide clear facts about something

D. To describe how a scene might look in a novel

3. A cooking recipe is an example of which type of text?

A. descriptive B. informative
C. instructive D. persuasive

4. What type of text is the following passage?

The boy was astonished by what he saw inside. Never could he have imagined that,
there in the middle of the desert, there existed a tent like this one. The ground was covered
with the most beautiful carpets he had ever walked upon, and from the top of the structure
hung lamps of hand-wrought gold, each with a lighted candle.

https://www.skillsworkshop.org/sites/skillsworkshop.org/files/resources/1l2differenttypesoftext

B. descriptive B. informative
C. instructive D. persuasive

5. What is the purpose of the following passage of text?

ACCIDENT:
Treatment aims:
1. Control Bleeding
2. Minimise shock for casualty
3. Prevent infection- for casualty and between yourself and the casualty
4. Arrange for casualty to go to the hospital if necessary
 A. To describe the scene of an accident

B. To persuade the reader to attend a First Aid course

C. To inform the reader that the bleeding needs to be controlled

D. To instruct the reader on what to do if they come across an accident.

6.
The word is terracide. It is not committed with guns and knives, but with relentless
bulldozers, roaring dump trucks, and giant shovels like mythological beasts. Dynamite
cuts and rips apart mountains to reach the minerals inside, leaving nothing but empty,
naked hills. The land is left wasted and allowed to slide down upon houses and into
streams, making the land unlivable and the stream water undrinkable. This is terracide, or
if you prefer, strip mining.

-source:https://quizizz.com/

The author's purpose is to describe a strip mining operation. What helped readers see the purpose? The
sentences _______________.

A. were all negative.

B. defined terracide.

C. used were familiar to the reader.

D. are all descriptions of what mining brings.

7. What is the purpose of the author in writing this text?

Throw out the bottles and boxes of drugs in your house. A new theory suggests that
medicine could be bad for your health, which should at least come as good news to people
who cannot afford to buy expensive medicine. However, it is a blow to the medicine
industry, and an even bigger blow to our confidence in the progress of science. This new
theory argues that healing is at our fingertips: we can be healthy by doing Reiki on a
regular basis.

A. Present the pros and cons of using medicines

B. Offer a solution to reduce the prices of drugs

C. Argue that medicines are indispensable in healing

D. Assert that healing can be possible without drugs.

For Items 8-15. Watch and listen to the Speech of Martin Luther King and answer the questions that follow.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6dKimoybmEo&t=81s
8. What is the main idea of the speech?

A. Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech

 B. How Martin Luther King Jr. helped change unfair laws

C. That people all over the world would respect each other.

D. Why African Americans were treated differently than white people

9. What was Martin's dream?

A. That he would be president

B. That he would lead a great army into battle

C. That people all over the world would learn to spell big words

D. That all people would be treated equally, and judged by their character instead of their skin color

10. Other than "I have a dream", what other phrase does he repeat?

A. Let joy abound

B. Let freedom ring

C. Let there be peace

D. Let us all come together

11. The main focus of Dr. King’s speech is

A. ending segregation and racial injustice in America

B. getting more money for America’s black population

C. convincing everyone to live in peace and tranquility

D. celebrating the anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation

12. In “I Have a Dream”, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., urges his followers to

A. distrust white people 

B. use any means necessary

C. work toward gradual change

D. demand equality and justice now

13. "With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of
brotherhood." This FAITH refers to what?

A. The dream of segregation

B. The dream of ending slavery

C. The dream of equality and unity

D. The dream of freedom of Speech

14. What does Dr. King imply about the Emancipation Proclamation?

A. It was Abraham Lincoln's greatest achievement.

B. It was not an important part of American history.

C. It effectively eliminated racial injustice in America.

D. It did not actually afford African Americans true freedom.

15. In paragraph 11, Dr. King addresses those in the audience who have been
unjustly imprisoned and "battered by . . . police brutality." What advice does

Dr. King offer to these people?

A. Seek revenge at all costs

B. Return home and continue to work for justice
C. Pray that God will forgive those who persecuted you
 D. Recruit lawyers and sue your local police departments

VALUES/ATTITUDE: Apply the purpose in writing in real scenario.

Directions: Share your own experience by writing it in a piece of short bondpaper. Identify the type of text you
used and your purpose in writing.

Prepared by: Verified by:

HONEY T. MONTECILLO VIVIAN A. CEJANO

Teacher School Head

Address: DepEd Cebu Province, IPHO Bldg., Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City
Telephone Nos.: 032-2556405
Email Address: cebu.province@deped.gov.ph ; depedcebuprovince@yahoo.com
Website: www.depedcebuprovince.com