Design of Prestressed Composite Concrete I Girder

Bridge

Cross Section of I girder

1- Cross sectional properties of girder

Area ytop ybot. Ix-x St Sb
Section
(m2) (mm) (mm) (mm4) (mm3) (mm3)
Girder 240500 449.6 400.4 2.18*1010 48.63*106 54.61*106
Composite
(girder and 378625 424.6 595.4 5.39*1010 127.00*106 90.67*106
deck slab)

2- Dead and Live Load:

Moment dead Moment Live

section Location
(kN.m) (kN.M)
girder --- 208.33 ---
Internal 515.5 581.97
Composit(girder and deck
slab)
External 547.5 581.97

2- Prestress force and eccentricity in strand:

fpu= 1862 Mpa
fpy = 0.85fpu
𝑦
fcci = ℎ𝑡(fti-fci) →fcci= -5.988Mpa.
𝑝
fcci= 𝐴 𝑖 then 𝑝𝑖 =1440.11kN.
𝐶

𝑝𝑠𝑒 =0.8𝑝𝑖 → 𝑝𝑠𝑒 =1152.11kN.

where: fcci: Concrete stress at initial condition.
pi : Initial prestressing force immediately after transfer.
Pse : Force after time dependent losses at service load.
Immediately afer transfer allowable stress is lesser than of:
fps = 0.82fpy = 1345.3Mpa control (ACI code 318-95)
0.74fpu= 1377.9Mpa
𝑝
Allowable stress in strand = 𝐴𝑝𝑠𝑖 → 𝐴𝑝𝑠 =1770.50mm2

Area of 11.1 for strand bar = 74.2mm2

𝑨𝒑𝒔
Then number of strand = 𝑨𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒐𝒏𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒅 →

No. of strand = 14.4 say 15/wire of 11.1mm

Assumed e for girder is equal 280.4mm and for the composite equal to 465.4mm then the
allowable stresses in top and bottom fiber as the following:
3- Permissible stresses in concrete flextural members:
1-At the initial stage:
𝑓𝑐𝑖 =0.6𝑓𝑖 ` → 𝑓𝑐𝑖 = 18Mpa compression

𝑓𝑡𝑖 = 0.5√𝑓𝑐𝑖 → 𝑓𝑡𝑖 = 2.74Mpa at end tension

𝑓𝑡𝑖 = 0.25√𝑓𝑐𝑖 → 𝑓𝑡𝑖 = 1.37Mpa at mid span tension

2-At service stage:
𝑓𝑐𝑠 =0.6𝑓𝑐 ` → 𝑓𝑐𝑠 = 27Mpa compression

𝑓𝑡𝑠 = 0.62√𝑓𝑐 → 𝑓𝑡𝑠 = 4.16Mpa tension

3-a Stresses of exterior and interior girder at initial stage (N/mm2):
−𝑝𝑖 𝑝𝑖 𝑒 𝑚𝑔 𝑦𝑡
𝑓𝑡𝑖 = + − (tension)
𝐴 𝑆𝑡 𝐼𝑔

−𝑝𝑖 𝑝𝑖 𝑒 𝑚𝑔 𝑦𝑏
𝑓𝑐𝑖 = − + (compression)
𝐴 𝑆𝑏 𝐼𝑔
ytop=449.6mm Support Mid Span
ybottom = 400.4mm Top Fiber Bottom Fiber Top Fiber Bottom Fiber
𝑝𝑖
⁄𝐴 -5.98 -5.98 -5.98 -5.98
𝑝𝑖 𝑒
⁄𝑠𝑡 +8.30 -7.39 +8.3 -7.39
𝑚𝑔 𝑦
⁄𝐼 --- --- -4.2 +3.81
𝑔
Total +2.31 -13.38 -1.88 -9.99
tension Comp. Comp. Comp.
Permissible stress < 2.74 ok. < 18 ok. < 18 ok. < 18 ok.

3-b Stresses of exterior girder at service stage (N/mm2):

−𝑝𝑠𝑒 𝑝𝑠𝑒 𝑒 𝑚𝑡 𝑦𝑡 𝐼𝑔
𝑓𝑡𝑠 = + − (tension) , 𝑠𝑡 = 𝑦
𝐴 𝑆𝑡 𝐼𝑔 𝑡

−𝑝𝑖 𝑝𝑖 𝑒 𝑚𝑡 𝑦𝑏 𝐼𝑔
𝑓𝑐𝑖 = − + (compression) , 𝑠𝑏 = 𝑦
𝐴 𝑆𝑏 𝐼𝑔 𝑏

ytop=424.6mm Support Mid Span

ybottom = 595.4mm Top Fiber Bottom Fiber Top Fiber Bottom Fiber
𝑝𝑠𝑒
⁄𝐴 -3.04 -3.04 -3.04 -3.04
𝑝𝑠𝑒 𝑒⁄ +4.3 -6.04 +4.3 -6.04
𝑠
𝑚𝑔 𝑦
⁄𝐼 --- --- -8.63 +12.1
𝑥
Total +1.04 ten. -9.00 Comp. -7.37 Comp. +3.02 ten.
Permissible stress < 4.16 ok. < 27ok. < 27 ok. < 4.16 ok.

3-c Stresses of interior girder at service stage (N/mm2):

ytop=424.6mm Support Mid Span
ybottom = 595.4mm Top Fiber Bottom Fiber Top Fiber Bottom Fiber
𝑝𝑠𝑒
⁄𝐴 -3.04 -3.04 -3.04 -3.04
𝑝𝑠𝑒 𝑒⁄ +4.3 -6.04 +4.3 -6.04
𝑠
𝑚𝑔 𝑦
⁄𝐼 --- --- -8.88 +12.4
𝑥
Total +1.04 -9.00 -7.62 +3.32
tension Comp. Comp. tension
Permissible stress < 4.16 ok. < 27ok. < 27 ok. < 4.16 ok.

3- Renforcement ratio for composite Igirder:

As= 942mm2 , Ag=378625mm2 , Aps = 1113mm2

Fy = 420Mpa
𝐴𝑠 𝐴𝑝𝑠 ∗𝑓𝑝𝑢 𝑓𝑐 `
+ = 0.018 (15*11.1mm) ≥ 0.135* = 0.014 ok.
𝐴𝑔 𝐴𝑔 ∗𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦
4- Strength limit state:
Mu = 1.2Md + 1.6ML
Mu = 1588.15
dp =1020-70-50 ∴ dp= 900mm
𝐴𝑝𝑠 ∗𝑓𝑝𝑢 +𝐴𝑠 ∗𝑓𝑦
c= 𝑓𝑝𝑢 ∴ c = 101mm < hf → a = 85.85mm
𝛼1 ∗𝑓𝑐 ∗𝛽1 ∗𝑏+𝑘∗𝐴𝑝𝑠 ∗
𝑑𝑝

where; Aps: area of strand , dp: effective depth

𝑐
fps = fpu (1- 0.48 𝑑 ) ∴ fps = 1759.8Mpa
𝑝

𝑎 𝑎
∅𝑚𝑛 = ∅(𝐴𝑝𝑠 𝑓𝑝𝑠 (𝑑𝑝 − 2) + 𝐴𝑆 𝑓𝑦 (𝑑𝑝 − 2)

∅𝑚𝑛 = 2017.81kN.m > 1588.15kN.m ok.

Notes:
- Design based on ACI318-14 and AASHTO 17th Edition .
- ASTM416-74 Strand Ø11.1 fpu =1862Mpa low relaxation
- Steel reinforcement 420 Mpa.
- Compressive strengthof prestressed girdersfcu=45 and the compressive strength of girder
at transfer,fcu=30Mpa.