2016 8th International Symposium on Telecommunications (IST'2016)

A Small Dual Band Antenna with Simple Structure

for WLAN/WIMAX Application
Kioumars Pedram, Javad Nourinia, Changiz Ghobadi
Department of Electrical Engineering
Urmia University
Pedram.qmars@gmail.com, {Ch.ghobadi and J.nourinia}@urmia.ac.ir

Abstract— A small dual band antenna is presented to be
inserted in a wireless communication device. The proposed
antenna consists of L-shaped and mirror L-shaped stubs that
are designed for wireless local area network (WLAN) bands at
(5.15-5.8GHz) and worldwide interoperability of microwave
access (WiMAX) bands at (3.3-3.7GHz) using a defected
ground structure. The patch of the antenna is printed on an
FR-4 substrate with small size of 15×15×0.8 mm3 that can
have better impedance bandwidth and radiation characteristics
with a simple structure. The dimensions of the proposed
antenna are optimized and simulated in Ansoft HFSS (version
15), The measurement result of the antenna reveals that the
impedance bandwidth covers the whole required band for
WLAN/WIMAX 802.11a standard.
Keywords—Dual Band; WLAN; WiMAX; Return Loss (S11);
Radiation Pattern.
impedance bandwidths of 660 MHz (3.1–3.76 GHz) and 760
MHz (4.9–5.66 GHz) to cover all the WLAN and the
WiMAX bands respectively .Accordingly, good impedance
bandwidth and omnidirectional radiation characteristics
suitable for the wireless communication systems can be
provided.
II. ANTENNA DESIGN
The proposed dual-band antenna with L-shaped and mirror L-
shaped stubs and a defected ground plane (DGS) fed by a 50
Ω micro strip line, is shown in Fig. 1. The patch antenna is
etched on an FR-4 substrate with thickness of 0.8 mm with
εr= 4.4 and loss tangent of 0.020. The final parameter of the
antenna structure is tabulated in Table.(1). The ansoft
simulation software High-Frequency Structure Simulation
(HFSS) is used for design, simulation, and optimization of the
proposed antenna.

I. INTRODUCTION
In Recent years, the use of Multiband antenna for wireless
communication systems specially, WLAN (5.15-5.8GHz) and
WiMAX (3.3-3.7GHz) has been developed successfully.
Owing to the planar antenna characteristics such as compact
size, simple fabrication, and easy integration capability with
other microwave elements, they are used in many wireless
devices. Taking into account the size limitation of wireless
devices, the small antennas are needed. A small antenna
operating in multi bands is required to be inserted in
wireless communication systems and devices. There are many (a)
different methods for miniaturization antenna such as defected
ground structures (DGS), employing slot on radiated patch,
and coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed-line. Defected ground
structure compared to the normal ground increases surface
current and improves the impedance bandwidth [1]-[12].
In this paper, a very small dual-band antenna with simple
structure for WLAN/WiMAX applications is proposed. The
antenna consists of L-Shaped and mirror L-Shaped stubs
connected to a feed line and a defected ground plane (DGS).
The patch is etched on an FR4 substrate with thickness of 0.8
mm. There are several antennas with large formats that work
in different bands but the proposed antenna compared to the
previous designs is multi band and has a very small size. The (b)
Fig. 1. The Geometry of the prposed dualband antenna, (a) topview, (b) botton
measured results show that the proposed antenna has good view.

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978-1-5090-3435-2/16/$31.00 ©2016 IEEE

 connected to feed 50 • microstrip line through which the
TABLE І. THE FINAL DIMENSIONS OF THE PROPOSED ANTENNA. resonant frequency of 3.5-GHz is obtained. The second mode
Parameter mm Parameter Mm is excited by adding an L-shaped stub to the patch antenna.
W 15 L1 9.25 The DGS causes the impedance bandwidth and the return loss
to improve at f= 3.5 GHz. The impedance bandwidth of the
L 15 L2 3.25
proposed antenna with |S11| < −10 dB are 3.1---3.76 GHz and
W1 1.5 L3 6.5
4.9---5.66 GHz as shown in Fig. 3.
W2 0.5 L4 14

W3 0.5 L5 6 TABLE I. COMPARISION BETWEEN THE PROPOSED ANENNA OTHER

FROM LERERATURE.
W4 1 L6 6
Reference Size Band 1 Band 2
W5 0.5 Lg 12.5 (mm3) (MHz) (MHz)
[2] 20×20×1 254 365
Wg 6 L7 4.5
[3] 30×18×1 900 945

[4] 30×40×1.6 220 200

[5] 47.5×40×1.58 170 810

[6] 30×20×0.8 340 640

This paper 15×15×0.8 660 760

A. Return Loss
Return loss is described as the quantity of power dissipated as
a result of impedance mismatch between feed line and load.
The value of the return loss should be negative [12].
S 11 (dB)

Fig. 2. The design evolution of the proposed antenna process.

(a)

Fig. 3. Return loss of the proposed antenna with various structure.
The states of the design of the dual band antenna is shown in
Fig. 2. At the beginning, the mirror L-shaped stub is
(b)
Fig.4. (a) The return losses of simulated and measured of the proposed dual
band antenna, (b) Fabricated of the proposed dual band antenna
The simulated and measured return loss (S11) of the proposed
antenna are shown in Fig. 4. It can be observed that the
proposed antenna shows dual band characteristic resonating at

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f= 3.5, and f= 5.2 GHz. The return loss of the dual band
antenna is less than -10 dB at the operating frequency of
WLAN/Wi-MAX.
B. different values of L3 and L2
Fig. 5.The return loss of the proposed antenna with change L2.
Fig. 6. The return loss of the proposed antenna with change L3.
The return loss of the proposed antenna shown in Fig. 6 after
changing L3.According to the graph, it can be observed that
L3= 7 has better return loss and good impedance bandwidth.
Furthermore, if L2 is changed, the return loss curve in Fig.
5 with L2= 3.25 can have better return loss with impedance
bandwidth.
C. Surface current distribution
(a)
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(b)
Fig. 7. Simulated surface current distribution of the dual band antenna at (a)
f=3.5, and (b) f=5.2 GHz.
In order to understand the function of this dual band antenna
the surface current distribution of the proposed patch antenna
are depicted in two frequencies f=3.5GHz and f = 5.2GHz in
Fig.7 .Mirror L-shape and L-shape have the highest surface
current intensity of the patch at f=3.5, and f=5.2 respectively.
D. Radiation pattern
The value of field power of antenna in all directions from a
fixed distance is radiation pattern of an antenna. [10]. the
simulated far field radiation patterns of the proposed antenna in
XOZ plane (H-plane) and YOZ plane (E-plane) at f= 3.5 and
f=5.2 are illustrated in Fig. 8.
(a) (b)
Fig.8. Simulated radiation patterns of the proposed antenna at, (a) f= 3.5, (b)
f=5.2 GHz. in E-plane and H-plane.
III. CONCLUSION
A small dual band antenna for WLAN/WiMAX systems is
presented. This antenna has a simple structure and a very
small size which can be much easier to fabricate and more
suitable for wireless communication device. The measured
results show that the impedance bandwidth from (3.1-3.76
GHz) and (4.9-5.66 GHz) for WLAN/WiMAX application
Moreover, it has a good radiation pattern in the dual band.
Therefore, the proposed dual band antenna can be a good
candidate for wireless communication system.
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