Speaker 1 : Fathimah Nurjamilah GA

Good Morning, Sir. I am Fathimah Nurjamilah. On this occasion, my group will discuss about
administering injections. And I myself will present the definition of injection and why you have to do the
injection.

Injection is the process of inserting fluids into the body using a needle. In medical practice, fluids that
are often put into the body through injection are drugs and vitamins. The needles used are hypodermic
needles and syringes.

Why to do the injections?

Injections are performed to achieve certain medical purposes. Starting from healing, to disease
prevention. Fluids given by injection will be adjusted according to medical conditions or with a doctor's
prescription. Drug absorption into the body is influenced by the area and depth of the injection site.

Speaker 2 : ...

Thank you Fatimah Nurjamilah for the time given to me. Good morning sir. I .. . Want to explain about
how and when to do the injection

How to do the injection?

How to do the injection is to fill the syringe with the liquid you want to give. Then, put it into the body
and drain the liquid slowly. When finished, remove the needle and cover the injection wound with a
small bandage. The procedure will depend on the type of injection given.

When to do injection?

The injection is usually done according to the doctor's advice, or for a specific purpose such as when you
want to donate blood. It is recommended not to have the injection in the same location, as it can cause
the skin in the area to become thicker or sunken inward.

4. Here are some types of injections in the medical world:

a. Intravenous injection is an intravenous injection performed by inserting a liquid into the venous blood
stream. This method is the fastest way to get the desired effect, because the drug immediately passes
into the blood circulation and throughout the body.
b. Intracutaneous injection is a drug delivered directly into the dermis, which is the layer just below the
epidermis of the skin. The injection is often given at an angle of 5 to 15 degrees with the needle on the
patient's skin. Absorption takes the longest time than intravenous, intramuscular, and subcutaneous
injection.

c. A subcutaneous injection is an injection given through the fat layer under the skin to deliver fluid into
the tissue between the skin and muscle. This method makes drug absorption slower than
intramuscularly. The needles used also tend to be shorter, because they don't need to reach the
muscles.

d. Intramuscular injection is an injection given through the muscle layer, intramuscular injection aims to
deliver a substance into the muscle so that it is quickly absorbed by the blood vessels. Most inactivated
vaccines, such as the influenza vaccine, are given by this intramuscular injection. This method is
performed with the needle forming a 90-degree angle in a sitting position.

5. Location of the body for injection

The location of the injection depends on the drug given, the speed at which the drug works, and the
type of injection received, age and weight. The following are the locations of giving according to type:

1. intracutaneous injection

Intracutaneous injection is an injection type by inserting the drug directly into the skin layer. This
injection is used to test for allergies and tuberculosis. For the angle of 15-20 degrees and the location of
the injection, namely;

• The inside or ventral part of the forearm.

• Upper back, below the shoulder blades.

2. Intramuscular injection

An intramuscular injection is inserted into the muscle. At a 90 degree angle These are the common
locations for injections:

• The vastus lateralis muscle between the hip and knee.

• The ventrogluteal muscle is just below the hip on the side of the body.
• The deltoid muscle between the top of the shoulder and the arm.

3. Subcutaneous injection

This type of injection is used to give medications such as insulin for diabetes, hormone injections for
fertility treatment, and blood-thinning medications to prevent blood clots. For an angle of 45 degrees,
This is a common location for injection:

• Lower abdomen, except 5 centimeters around the navel.

• Front or outside of the thigh.

• The area over the buttocks.

• Upper outer area of the arm.

Injections should not be given on sunken or thick skin. Also avoid the skin that is injured or damaged.

4. Intravenous injections

Intravenous injections are done with a small plastic tube called a catheter, which is inserted into
the vein. The catheter is placed in an easily accessible location with the best blood flow. These
are common locations for injections:

-The forearm.

-Back of the hand.

-Indentation on the inside of the elbow joint.

-Ankle.

6. where to do the injection

The injection can be done in a hospital, laboratory, or places that provide health services. To carry out
routine injections or treatment according to the health conditions experienced

7. kesimpulan

Injeksi adalah proses memasukkan cairan ke tubuh menggunakan jarum. Dalam praktik medis, cairan
yang kerap dimasukkan ke tubuh melalui injeksi adalah obat dan vitamin. Jarum yang digunakan adalah
jarum hipodermik dan jarum suntik. Ada berbagai macam jenis injeksi yaitu injeksi intravena, injeksi
intramuscular, injeksi subkutan dan injeksi intrakutan.