2014 Safety Performance

REPORT JUNE
2014s 2015
DATA SERIES
Safety performance indicators –

2014 data
Acknowledgements
Safety Committee
Photography used with permission courtesy of ©psphotograph/

iStockphoto (Back cover)
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REPORT JUNE
2014s 2015
DATA SERIES
Safety performance indicators –

2014 data
Revision history
VERSION DATE AMENDMENTS
1.0 June 2015 First release

Safety performance indicators – 2014 data 4
Contents
Contents 4
Contributing companies 6
Executive summary 7
Introduction and background 9
1. Summary of 2014 results 11

1.1 General 11
1.2 Fatalities 12
1.3 Total recordable injuries 15
1.4 Lost time injuries 16
2. Overall results 19
2.1 Fatalities 19
2.2 Fatal accident rate (FAR) 20
2.3 Fatalities by incident category and activity 22
2.4 Number of fatal incidents per 100 million work hours 28
2.5 Total recordable injury rate (TRIR) 30
2.6 Lost time injury frequency (LTIF) 32
2.7 Lost work day case categories and activities 34
2.8 Severity of lost work day cases 43
2.9 Severity of restricted work day cases 46
2.10 Incident triangles 49
2.11 Causal factors 52
2.12 Life-Saving Rules 58
3. Results by region 61
3.1 Fatalities 61
3.2 Fatal accident rate (FAR) 62
3.3 Total recordable injury rate (TRIR) 63
3.4 Lost time injury frequency (LTIF) 64
3.5 FAR, TRIR and LTIF 5-year rolling averages 65
3.6 Severity of lost work day cases 67
3.7 Individual country performance 69
3.8 Incident triangles by region 72
4. Results by function 76
4.1 Fatalities 76
4.2 FAR, LTIF and TRIR – five-year rolling averages 77
5
4.3 Severity of lost work day cases (LWDC) 79

4.4 Exploration performance 79
4.5 Drilling performance 82
4.6 Production performance 85
4.7 Construction performance 88
4.8 Unspecified performance 91
5. Results by company 94
5.1 Overall company results 94
5.2 Company results by function 102
Appendix A 104
Database dimensions 104
Proportion of database used in analysis 107
Appendix B - Data tables 109

Section 1 Summary 110
Section 2 Overall results 110
Section 3 Results by region 114
Section 4 Results by function 123
Section 5 Results by company 129
Appendix C – Contributing companies 133
Appendix D – Countries represented 135
Appendix E – Glossary of terms 139

Contributing companies
The safety statistics for 2014 were derived from data provided by the following
companies:
ADNOC MOL
ANADARKO OIL SEARCH
BASHNEFT OMV
BG GROUP ORIGIN
BHP BILLITON PAN AMERICAN ENERGY
BP PEMEX
CAIRN ENERGY PERENCO
CAIRN INDIA PETROBRAS
CHEVRON PETRONAS CARIGALI SDN BHD
CNOOC PLUSPETROL
CONOCOPHILLIPS PREMIER OIL
DOLPHIN ENERGY PTTEP
DONG E&P QATAR PETROLEUM
E.ON RASGAS
ENI REPSOL
EXXONMOBIL RWE DEA AG
GALP SASOL
GDF SUEZ E&P INTERNATIONAL SHELL COMPANIES
GENEL STATOIL
HESS CORPORATION SUNCOR
HUSKY TALISMAN ENERGY
INPEX TOTAL
KOSMOS TULLOW OIL
KUWAIT OIL COMPANY WINTERSHALL
MAERSK OIL WOODSIDE
MARATHON OIL COMPANY YEMEN LNG
Executive summary 7
Executive summary
The 2014 IOGP Safety Performance Indicators show that the fatal accident rate for
reporting companies has decreased by 51% compared with 2013. The number of
fatalities has decreased from 80 in 2013 to 45 in 2014.
Fatalities Fatal accident rate (FAR)
FAR fatalities per 100 million hours worked

140 4.5
120 4.0
115 103 3.5
99
100 94
Number of fatalities
88 3.0
84 80
80 87
65
2.5
60 2.0
45
1.5
40
1.0
20 0.5
0 0.0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 1: Number of fatalities and fatal accident rate (2005–2014)
Analysis of the 42 fatal incident descriptions in which there were 45 fatalities has
shown that at least 78% of the fatal incidents reported in 2014 related to the OGP
Life-Saving Rules published in March 2012, see IOGP Report 459.
Insufficient information to
assign a Rule 17%
No appropriate Rule 5% Core Rule 38%
Supplementary Rule 40%
Figure 2: Life-Saving Rules applicable to 2014 fatal incidents - % of total incidents

reported in 2014
There are a number of common causal factors related to the fatal incidents and
high potential events from 2010 to 2014. The following five causal factors appear
consistently in the top ten for both fatal incidents and high potential events for
each of the past five years.
• PROCESS (CONDITIONS): Organizational: Inadequate training/competence
• PEOPLE (ACTS): Inattention/lack of awareness: Improper decision making or
lack of judgement
• PROCESS (CONDITIONS): Organizational: Inadequate work standards/
procedures
• PROCESS (CONDITIONS): Organizational: Inadequate supervision
• PROCESS (CONDITIONS): Organizational: Inadequate hazard identification or
risk assessment.
The 4th most common causal factor for fatal incidents, which did not show in the
top ten for high potential events was:
• PEOPLE (ACTS): Following procedures: Improper position (line of fire).
Personal injury performance shows the lost time injury frequency decreasing by
20% and the total recordable injury rate decreasing by 4% compared with 2013
results.
Five fatal incidents were as a result of process safety events.
Total recordable injury rate Lost time injury frequency
3.5
LTIF and TRIR (per million hours worked)
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 3: Lost time injury frequency vs. total recordable injury rate (2005–2014)
Introduction & background 9
Introduction and background
The International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, IOGP, has been collecting
safety incident data from its member companies globally since 1985. The data
collected are entered into the IOGP safety database, which is the largest database
of safety performance in the exploration and production (E&P) industry.
The principal purpose of the data collection and analysis is to record the
global safety performance of the contributing IOGP member companies on an
annual basis. The submission of data is voluntary and is not mandated by IOGP
membership. The annual reports provide trend analysis, benchmarking and the
identification of areas and activities on which efforts should be focused to bring
about the greatest improvements in performance.
The IOGP incident reporting system covers worldwide E&P operations, both
onshore and offshore, and includes incidents involving both member companies
and their contractor employees.
The key indicators presented are: number of fatalities, fatal accident rate, fatal
incident rate, total recordable injury rate, lost time injury frequency, number of
lost work day cases and number of lost work days, number of restricted duty case
and restricted duty days, and number of medical treatment cases. The report
presents contributing IOGP Members’ global results for these indicators, which
are then analysed by region, function and company. A code is used to preserve the
anonymity of the reporting company, which will typically report its own data as well
as that of its associated contractors (see Appendix C).
In 2010, data collection was initiated to capture 'causal factors' associated with
fatal incidents and high potential events. These data are presented in section 2.11
of this report. Wherever practicable, results are presented graphically. The data
underlying the charts are presented in Appendix B. The causal factors and chart
data are available to IOGP Members in editable format from the Members’ area of
the IOGP website.
This report is published with two separate addendums which provide the
narrative descriptions for the fatal incidents and high potential events reported by
participating IOGP member companies. These can be downloaded from the IOGP
public website http://info.iogp.org/, as well as the IOGP Safety Zone website
http://info.iogp.org/safety.
Scope of reporting and data validation

The data requested from participating IOGP member companies are published in
an annual user guide in two parts:
• Part A contains definitions and the scope of the safety data submission.
This document is published on the IOGP public website.
• Part B contains practical information for the company nominees submitting the
data, copies of the data submission forms and a data submission checklist.
The safety data submission process is used for the collection of data relating to
safety performance, process safety performance and motor vehicle crashes. The
IOGP safety database has built-in data validation requirements and each company
data submission is validated by the IOGP Secretariat and the work group (Safety
Committee, Sub-committee, Task Force or Network) responsible for the data
set in accordance with the IOGP data collection and reporting procedure. Any
communication with reporting companies is conducted by the IOGP Secretariat and
any data validated by an IOGP workgroup is blind coded to preserve the anonymity
of the reporting companies.
A self-assessment questionnaire is included within the data submission process

to determine the alignment between the requested data and the company
submissions. The information provided in this questionnaire is also used in the
validation process. Data that appear to be incorrect and that cannot be confirmed
by the submitting company as correct may be excluded from the data set at the
discretion of the Secretariat.
The scope of data included within this report is detailed in Appendix A.
Data series
Other IOGP data reports published annually include:
• Environmental performance indicators
• Health performance indicators
• Process safety event data.
These are available from the IOGP website http://www.iogp.org/Our-library/

Summary of 2014 results 11
1. Summary of 2014 results
Safety performance indicators – 2014 data summarizes the safety performance of

contributing IOGP member companies for 2014.
The key performance indicators (KPI) used to benchmark safety performance are:
number of fatalities, fatal accident and incident rates, total recordable injury rate
and lost time injury frequency.
Third party fatalities are not included in this report.
1.1 General
The safety performance of contributing IOGP member companies in 2014 is based
on the analysis of 4 366 million work hours of data.
Submissions were made by 52 of the 58 operating company IOGP Members.
The data reported cover operations in 111 countries.
Company Contractor Fatal accident rate
FAR (fatalities per 100 million hours worked)

5000 20
4500 18
Number of work hours (millions)
4000 16
3500 14
3000 12
2500 10
2000 8
1500 6
1000 4
500 2
0 0
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2014
Figure 4: Reported work hours and fatal accident rate (1985–2014)
Definitions
Fatal accident rate (FAR):
The number of company/contractor fatalities per 100 million hours worked
Lost time injury frequency (LTIF):
The number of lost time injuries (fatalities + lost work day cases) per million hours worked.
Total recordable injury rate (TRIR):
The number of recordable injuries (fatalities + lost work day cases + restricted work day cases
+ medical treatment cases) per million hours worked.
1.2 Fatalities
Against the background of a 16% increase in work hours reported, the number of
fatalities has decreased from 80 in 2013 to 45 in 2014. The 45 fatalities occurred in
42 separate incidents. The resulting fatal accident rate (FAR) of 1.03 is 51% lower
than last year’s figure (2.12). The company and contractor FAR are 0.53 and 1.17
respectively. Onshore and offshore FAR are 0.96 and 1.22 respectively.
Each reported fatal incident is allocated a work activity and incident category.
The activity with the highest number of fatalities reported by the IOGP member
companies is ‘drilling, workover, well services‘ (36%) with 16 fatalities as a result
of 14 separate incidents. Six fatalities (13%) were reported in six separate incidents
in the ‘construction, commissioning, decommissioning’ activity and also in the
‘lifting, crane, rigging, deck operations’ activity. Six fatalities (13%) were reported in
five separate incidents in the ‘transport – land’ activity.
Other 2.2%
Water related 6.7% Caught between 15.6%
Confined space 2.2%
Struck by 33.3%
Explosions/burns 20.0%
Pressure release 2.2% Exposure electrical 6.7%
Falls 11.1%
Figure 5: Percentage of fatalities by incident category (2014)

Category Number of fatalities

Assault: Assault or violent act 0
Caught between: Caught in, under or between 7
Confined space: Confined space 1
Cut: Cut, puncture, scrape 0
Explosions/burns: Explosions or burns 9
Exposure electrical: Exposure electrical 3
Exposure N, C, B, V: Exposure noise, chemical, biological, vibration 0
Falls: Falls from height 5
Overexertion: Overexertion, strain 0
Pressure release: Pressure release 1
Slips/trips: Slips and trips (at same height) 0
Struck by: Struck by 15
Water related: Water related, drowning 3
Other: Other 1
Table 1: Fatalities by incident category (2014)
With regard to the incident category, the largest proportion of the fatalities
reported in 2014 were categorized as ‘struck by’ (15 fatalities in 15 separate
incidents). Seven of those incidents were in the activity ‘drilling, workover, well
services’, four were in ‘transport – land’, three were in the activity ‘lifting, crane,
rigging, deck operations’ and one was the result of a tree felling incident in
the ‘construction, commissioning, decommissioning’ activity. (13% of fatalities
reported in 2013 were in the category ‘struck by’.)
Fatalities categorized as ‘explosions or burns’ were the second greatest

contributors to the fatality statistics with nine fatalities in six separate incidents,
accounting for 9% of the fatalities (5% in 2013).
Unspecified 2.2%
Transport – Water 4.4% Construction 13.3%
Transport – Land 13.3%
Seismic 2.2%
Production 6.7% Drilling 35.6%
Maintenance 8.9%
Lifting 13.3%
Figure 6: Percentage of fatalities by incident activity (2014)
Activity Number of fatalities

Construction: Construction, commissioning, decommissioning 6
Diving: Diving, subsea, ROV 0
Drilling: Drilling, workover, well services 16
Lifting: Lifting, crane, rigging, deck operations 6
Maintenance: Maintenance, inspection, testing 4
Office: Office, warehouse, accommodation, catering 0
Production: Production operations 3
Seismic: Seismic/survey operations 1
Transport – Air: Transport – Air 0
Transport – Land: Transport – Land 6
Transport – Water: Transport – Water, incl. marine activity 2
Unspecified: Unspecified – other 1
Table 2: Fatalities by incident activity (2014)
The fatal accident rate for 2014 is 1.03, 51% lower than the 2013 rate (2.12). The
company only FAR for 2014 is 0.53, 71% lower than the 2013 rate. The offshore FAR
for 2014 is 1.22, 63% lower than the 2013 rate.
Fatal accident rate (per 100 million hours worked)
Company Contractor Overall
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 7: Fatal accident rate by company & contractor (2005–2014)
1.3 Total recordable injuries

The rate for all recordable injuries (fatalities, lost work day cases, restricted
work day cases and medical treatment cases) was 1.54 injuries per million hours
worked (1.60 in 2013).
A notable reduction in TRIR from 2013 to 2014 was shown in FSU (37%) and South
& Central America (11%).
Total recordable injury rate (per million hours worked)
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 8: Total recordable injury rate by company & contractor (2005–2014)

1.4 Lost time injuries

The overall lost time injury frequency (LTIF) fell from 0.45 in 2013 to 0.36 in 2014. This
represents a reduction of 20% compared with 2013 and 109 fewer lost time injuries.
This reduction is similar in both company and contractor performance. Both

company and contractor LTIF show a reduction compared with 2013 (35% and 17%
respectively). The onshore and offshore LTIF both also show a reduction compared
with 2013 (15% and 32% respectively).
Lost time injury frequency (per million hours worked)
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 9: Lost time injury frequency by company & contractor (2005–2014)
There were 1518 reported injuries resulting in at least one day off work, 1277
incidents were contractor related and 241 were company related.
• IOGP member companies reported 45 527 days of work lost through injuries.
• The greatest number of incidents was reported as ‘Struck by’ (353 cases
accounting for 23.0% of the total; 2013 results showed 367 cases, also
accounting for 23.3% of the total).
• ‘Caught in, under or between’ accounted for 342 cases, 22.4% of the total
(21% of the total in 2013).
Other 6.7% Assault 0.7%

Other
Confined space 0.1%
Struck by 23.3% Cut 4.9%
Exposure electrical 1.1%
Slips/trips 18.2% Exposure N, C, B, V 0.9%
Falls 11.5%
Pressure release 0.5%
Overexertion 6.1%
Figure 10: Percentage of lost work day cases by incident category (2014)
Category Number of LWDC

Other: Other 102
Table 3: Lost work day cases by incident category (2014)

Unspecified 8.1% Construction 9.1%
Transport – Water 5.1% Diving 0.6%

Transport – Air 0.3%
Seismic 1.3%
Drilling 25.0%
Production 17.0%
Office 7.5% Lifting 7.2%
Maintenance 15.8%
Figure 11: Percentage of lost work day cases by incident activity (2014)
Activity Number of LWDC

Table 4: Lost work day cases by incident activity (2014)

2. Key performance indicators 19
2. Overall results
In this section the key performance indicators used to measure contributing IOGP
Member companies’ safety performance are: the number and nature of fatalities,
total recordable injury rate (TRIR), fatal accident rate (FAR), fatal incidents per
100 million work hours, and lost time injury frequency (LTIF).
Third party incidents are not included in this report.
2.1 Fatalities
Onshore Offshore Overall
2014 2013 2014 2013 2014 2013
Company 2 13 3 2 5 15
Contractor 28 34 12 31 40 65
Overall 30 47 15 33 45 80
Table 5: Number of fatalities (2013 & 2014)
Company/contractor fatalities
• 45 company and contractor fatalities were reported in 2014. This is 35 fewer
than were reported in 2013 and 43 fewer than in 2012.
• The 45 fatalities occurred in 42 separate incidents.
Fatalities Fatal accident rate (FAR)

FAR (fatalities per 100 million hours worked)
140 4.5
120 4.0
115 103 3.5
99
100 94
Number of fatalities
88 3.0
84
80
80 87
65
2.5
60 2.0
45
1.5
40
1.0
20 0.5
0 0.0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 12: Number of fatalities and fatal accident rate (2005–2014)

2.2 Fatal accident rate (FAR)
Fatal accident rate (FAR)
2014 2013 2014 relative to 2013 FAR
Company 0.53 1.83 $ 71% lower
Contractor 1.17 2.20 $ 47% lower
Overall 1.03 2.12 $ 51% lower
Onshore 0.96 1.70 $ 44% lower
Offshore 1.22 3.27 $ 63% lower
Table 6: Fatal accident rate (2013 & 2014)
In 2014 there were five company fatalities (14 in 2013) as a result of three
separate incidents.
In 2014 there were 40 contractor fatalities (65 in 2013).
The difference between the onshore and offshore FAR displays a large variation
over the 10-year period shown. Neither is consistently lower. This is generally
attributable to single transportation or fire and explosion incidents involving high
numbers of fatalities.
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 13: Fatal accident rate by company & contractor (2005–2014)


0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 14: Fatal accident rate by onshore & offshore operations (2005–2014)
Definitions
Fatal accident rate (FAR):
The number of company/contractor fatalities per 100 million hours worked
2.3 Fatalities by incident category and activity
Incident category
Exposure noise, chemical, biological, vibration
Slips and trips (at same height)

Caught in, under or between
Water related, drowning

Cut, puncture, scrape
Assault or violent act
Explosions or burns
Overexertion, strain
Exposure electrical
Pressure release
Falls from height
Confined space
Struck by
Activity
Overall
Other
Construction,
commissioning, 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 6
decommissioning
Diving, subsea, ROV 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Drilling, workover, well 0 2 0 0 5 0 0 2 0 0 0 7 0 0 16
services
Lifting, crane, rigging, 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 6
deck operations
Maintenance, inspection, 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
testing
Office, warehouse, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
accommodation, catering
Production operations 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
Seismic /survey 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
operations
Transport – Air 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Transport – Land 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 6
Transport – Water, incl. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 2
marine activity
Unspecified – other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
Overall 0 7 1 0 9 3 0 5 0 1 0 15 3 1 45
Table 7: Fatalities by incident category and activity (2014)

Forty of the 42 fatal incidents involved one fatality.
Both of the incidents that involved two or more fatalities were reported under the
‘explosions or burns’ category.
The largest proportion of the fatalities reported in 2014 were the result of
individuals being struck by falling or moving objects — 33% (13% in 2013).
• Seven contractors lost their lives in seven separate incidents in the ‘drilling,
workover, well services’ activity:
–– One worker was stuck by a pipe joint causing him to fall and strike the
back of his head.
–– One worker was struck by the element of a damaged plug during
well construction works, when the mud pump for well washing was
started up and the welded plug tore off from the quick-split joint of the
manifold force line.
–– A worker was fatally injured when he moved into the path of the
pipeline during a repair, consisting of changing a production line
segment that had broken during a well fracturing job.
–– One man was struck by a stabilizer (17½ inch in diameter, 2.14 m long
and approximate weight of 765 kg) that fell during an operation to
remove it from the drilling column.
–– One worker died and another was seriously injured when they were
trying to break out a cross-over from a drill pipe and the elevator arm
made contact with mast beam and swung, striking the two workers.
–– On a carousel rig, a 5 inch joint dropped from pneumatic elevators
down the V door to the pipe rack, hitting two roustabouts working
close to a catwalk, one was fatally injured. The elevators had been
accidentally opened by a third party operator while trying to move the
joystick box with the elevators loaded.
–– One fatality occurred during well servicing operations.
• Three contractors died in three separate lifting incidents:
–– One worker died and another was injured when a jammed chain
block’s sprocket suddenly ruptured releasing an array of projectiles
which struck the workers.
–– One worker was struck by a skid mounted load during truck loading
activity.
–– One worker died during platform refuelling; once the refuelling came
to an end, while relocating the hose in its seat with the assistance
of a crane operator, the hose was released due to the failure of the
suspending fibre rope and the hose coupling struck the worker in the
head.
• Four contractors died in four separate road accidents:

–– A
company-owned bus that was transporting workers to the office
was involved in a head-on collision with a third-party dump truck; the
driver was fatally injured.
–– A truck driver died after exceeding the speed limit and driving too
close to the vehicle in front. The truck collided with the other vehicle
(truck and trailer) due to the short stopping distance.
–– A bowser carrying around 50 000 litres of crude oil was hit by a passing
trailer resulting in a leak but no fire. One fatality was recorded.
–– A driver was killed in a public roadway accident.
• One contractor died as the result of a tree felling incident in the ‘construction,
commissioning, decommissioning’ activity.
Nine fatalities, 20% of the total reported in 2014, were categorized as ‘explosions
or burns’ (5% in 2013).
• Two company employees and one contractor died in a single incident in the
‘drilling, workover, well services’ activity which occurred on an offshore rig in
the Gulf of Mexico as the result of an explosion caused by a gas leak during
cementing of the well.
• Two contractor employees died in a single incident in the ‘transport – land’
activity in which a crude oil tanker carrying 50 000 litres of crude parked next
to the road side, was hit head-on by a vehicle resulting in a fire.
• A sudden gas release, which occurred on the wellhead, resulted in a serious
fire, one contractor fatality, and two first aid injuries. The crew had been
working on tubing installation prior to production.
• During workover of an oil well in the oil field vented gas ignited and set the
wellsurface and workoverunit on fire resulting in the death of one contractor.
• A fire at a compressor reached the workers causing one contractor fatality.
• Loss of containment heating system and oil injection to the well, caused
an explosion that reached the camp where staff were working causing one
contractor fatality.
Seven fatalities, 16% of the total fatalities reported in 2014, were categorized as
‘caught in, under or between’ (9% in 2013).
• During construction work a machinery driver reversed the truck and did not
see a worker causing his death.
• One worker was caught between drill-collars during an operation to move
them with a fork lift – he had returned to the cleared operations area
unexpectedly to remove a rope.
• A worker without training or permit to work was operating a crane causing a
crash of the cab and his death.
• An electrician was fatally injured during maintenance of the drive system of

load elevator door.
• A contract driller drilling shot holes for a seismic acquisition contractor was
fatally injured when a hooded sweater he was wearing became entangled in
the rotating drill string.
• A derrickman was fatally injured during a manoeuvre to move five steel
plates, weighing approximately two tons with the support of crew which
consisted of three people. They had removed and were holding the plates
because the crane was receiving material from a boat. During the manoeuvre
the worker was caught between the plates and a wall.
• While conducting repairs to the Pipe Handling Machine, a mechanic was
caught between the equipment and crushed.
11% of the fatalities reported in 2014 were categorized as ‘falls from height’
(4% in 2013).
• A contractor scaffolder fell from an offshore installation in the North Sea to
the sea through an open section of deck grating, which had been removed for
underdeck access. The opening had been barriered off with an appropriately
sized and constructed scaffold barrier.
• A contractor died after falling from a permanent working platform which is
about six metres high whilst conducting inspection on a grating replacement job.
• A contractor died after falling from a ladder, hitting the floor with his head.
• A worker died when the welded support of the crane that was welded to the
structure failed and the crane and the IP fell into the water.
• A driller died after climbing up 10 metres to carry out a repair without a
safety harness. He lost his balance and fell to the drilling floor.
The number of deaths resulting from land transport incidents remains unchanged
(6 fatalities, 13% of all fatalities) compared with 2013 (6 fatalities, 8% of all
fatalities in 2013; 9 fatalities, 11% in 2012).
• Six fatalities were associated with five separate incidents.
There were no fatal incidents reported under the following categories:

• Assault or violent act
• Cut, puncture, scrape
• Exposure noise, chemical, biological, vibration
• Slips, trips, falls (at same height).
Other 2.2%
Confined space 2.2%
Struck by 33.3%
Pressure release 2.2% Exposure electrical 6.7%
Falls 11.1%
Figure 15: Percentage of fatalities by incident category (2014)
Category Number of
fatalities

Other: Other 1
Table 8: Fatalities by incident category (2014)

Unspecified 2.2%
Transport – Water 4.4% Construction 13.3%
Seismic 2.2%
Maintenance 8.9%
Lifting 13.3%
Figure 16: Percentage of fatalities by incident activity (2014)
Activity Number of
fatalities
Table 9: Fatalities by incident activity (2014)

2.4 Number of fatal incidents per 100 million work hours
Fatal incidents per 100 million work hours
2014 2013 2014 relative to 2013 FIR
Table 10: Fatal incidents per 100 million work hours (2013 & 2014)
The number of fatal incidents per 100 million work hours is a measure of the
frequency with which fatal incidents occur, in contrast to the FAR which measures
the frequency of fatalities. Accordingly, for company and contractor fatalities, the
number of fatal incidents per 100 million work hours will be less than or equal to
the FAR. Comparison of FAR and number of fatal incidents per 100 million work
hours gives an indication of the magnitude of the incidents in terms of lives lost.
Overall the number of fatal incidents per 100 million work hours has decreased by
16% compared with last year and is the lowest on record (42 fatal incidents in 2014,
43 fatal incidents in 2013).
Fatalities Fatal incidents
140
Number of fatalities and fatal incidents
115
120
103 103
99
100 94
87 88
84 82 80
80 74 73
67 65
58
60 50 52
43 45 42
40
20
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 17: Number of fatalities and fatal incidents (2005–2014)


Fatal incidents per 100 million hours worked
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 18: Fatal incidents per 100 million hours by company & contractor (2005–
2014)

Fatal incidents per 100 million hours worked
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 19: Fatal incidents per 100 million hours by onshore & offshore (2005–2014)
2.5 Total recordable injury rate (TRIR)
Total recordable incident rate (TRIR)
2014 2013 2014 relative to 2013 TRIR
Onshore 1.33 1.33 1 No change
Table 11: Total recordable injury rate (2013 & 2014)
Submissions without information on medical treatment cases were filtered out,

leaving a dataset of 3 909 million hours, 90% of the database (see Appendix A).
An overall reduction in TRIR of 4% is seen in 2014.
Definitions
Total recordable injury rate (TRIR)
The number of recordable injuries (fatalities + lost work day cases + restricted work day cases +
medical treatment cases) per million hours worked.
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 20: Total recordable injury rate by company & contractor (2005–2014)
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 21: Total recordable injury rate by onshore & offshore (2005–2014)
2.6 Lost time injury frequency (LTIF)
Lost time injury frequency (LTIF)
2014 2013 2014 relative to 2013 LTIF
Table 12: Lost time injury frequency (2013 & 2014)
There were 1 518 reported lost work day cases resulting in at least one day off
work, which equates to an average of 29 injuries resulting in at least one day off
work every week of the year or four injuries every day of the year.
Although the absolute number of LWDCs has reduced (1 627 in 2013), the time away
from work has increased for company workers and onshore activities compared with
2013. See section 2.8 for further information on lost work day case severity.
Definitions
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 22: Lost time injury frequency by company & contractor (2005–2014)
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 23: Lost time injury frequency by onshore & offshore (2005–2014)
2.7 Lost work day case categories and activities

Category Number % of total
Assault: Assault or violent act 10 0.7
Caught between: Caught in, under or between 342 22.5
Confined space: Confined space 1 0.1
Cut: Cut, puncture, scrape 74 4.9
Explosions/burns: Explosions or burns 55 3.6
Exposure electrical: Exposure electrical 17 1.1
Exposure N, C, B, V: Exposure noise, chemical,
14 0.9
biological, vibration
Falls: Falls from height 174 11.5
Overexertion: Overexertion, strain 92 6.1
Pressure release: Pressure release 7 0.5
Slips/trips: Slips and trips (at same height) 276 18.2
Struck by: Struck by 353 23.3
Water related: Water related, drowning 1 0.1
Other: Other 102 6.7
Overall 1 518
Table 13: Lost work day cases by category (2014)

Confined space 0.1%
Cut 4.9%
Struck by 23.3%
Exposure NCBV 0.9%
Slips/trips 18.2%
Falls 11.5%
Pressure release 0.5% Overexertion 6.1%
Figure 24: Percentage of lost work day cases by category (2014)

Of the 1 518 reported lost work day cases resulting in at least one day off work,
1 277 incidents (84%) were contractor-related and 241 (16%) were company-related
(1 312 and 315 respectively for 2013). The lost work day case category was provided
for all of the lost work day cases reported, although 6.7% of the cases were
categorized as ‘other’.
The pie chart shows the percentage of LWDCs within each of the reporting
categories for 2014.
• The greatest number of incidents was reported as ‘struck by’ – 353 cases
accounting for 22.5% of LWDCs (2013 results showed 367 cases accounting
for 22.6%).
• ‘Caught in, under or between’ accounted for 342 cases, 22.5% of the total
(341 cases, 21.0% of the total in 2013).
• In comparison with 2013, the 2014 results were very similar.
Definitions
Lost work day case (LWDC)
An incident resulting in at least one day off work. Fatal incidents are not included.
Category Company Contractor

Assault: Assault or violent act 2 8
Caught between: Caught in, under or between 34 308
Confined space: Confined space 0 1
Cut: Cut, puncture, scrape 9 65
Explosions/burns: Explosions or burns 7 48
Exposure electrical: Exposure electrical 3 14
2 12
Falls: Falls from height 30 144
Overexertion: Overexertion, strain 14 78
Pressure release: Pressure release 1 6
Slips/trips: Slips and trips (at same height) 72 204
Struck by: Struck by 56 297
Water related: Water related, drowning 1 0
Other: Other 10 92
Overall 241 1 277
Table 14: Lost work day cases by category – company & contractor data (2014)
Other 4.1% Assault 0.8% Confined space

Cut 3.7%
Struck by 23.2% Exposure electrical 1.2%
Exposure NCBV 0.8%
Falls 12.4%
Overexertion 5.8%
Slips/trips 29.9%
Pressure release 0.4%
Figure 25: Lost work day cases by category – company data (2014)
Confined
Assault 0.6% Water re
Other 7.2% Caught between 24.1%
Cut 5.1%
Struck by 23.3%

Exposure NCBV 0.9%
Slips/trips 16.0%
Falls 11.3%
Figure 26: Lost work day cases by category – contractor data (2014)
Category Onshore Offshore

Assault: Assault or violent act 8 2
Caught between: Caught in, under or between 181 161
Confined space: Confined space 1 0
Cut: Cut, puncture, scrape 41 33
Explosions/burns: Explosions or burns 37 18
Exposure electrical 6 11
10 4
Falls: Falls from height 109 65
Overexertion: Overexertion, strain 53 39
Pressure release: Pressure release 3 4
Slips/trips: Slips and trips (at same height) 171 105
Struck by: Struck by 195 158
Water related: Water related, drowning 1 0
Other: Other 76 26
Overall 892 626
Table 15: Lost work day cases by category – onshore & offshore (2014)
Of the 1 518 reported lost work day cases resulting in at least one day off work,
892 incidents (59%) were related to onshore activity and 626 (41%) were related to
offshore activity (879 and 748 respectively for 2013).

Caught between 20.3%
Water related 0.1%
Confined space 0.1%
Cut 4.6%
Struck by 21.9%
Exposure NCBV 1.1%
Slips/trips 19.2%
Falls 12.2%
Water related 0.1%

Figure 27: Lost work day cases by category – onshore operations (2014) Confined space 0.1%

Caught between 25.7%
Struck by 25.2%
Cut 5.3%
Slips/trips 16.8% Exposure NCBV 0.6%
Falls 10.4%
Figure 28: Lost work day cases by category – offshore operations (2014)
Activity Number % of total

Construction: Construction, commissioning, decommissioning 138 9.1
Diving: Diving, subsea, ROV 9 0.6
Drilling: Drilling, workover, well services 380 25
Lifting: Lifting, crane, rigging, deck operations 110 7.2
Maintenance: Maintenance, inspection, testing 240 15.8
Office: Office, warehouse, accommodation, catering 114 7.5
Production: Production operations 258 17
Seismic: Seismic/survey operations 19 1.3
Transport – Air: Transport – Air 4 0.3
Transport – Land: Transport – Land 46 3
Transport – Water incl. marine activity 77 5.1
Unspecified: Unspecified other 123 8.1
Overall 1 518
Table 16: Lost work day cases by activity (2014)
Lost work day case activities were reported for all of the 1,518 Lost Work Day
Cases reported.
Unspecified 8.1%
Construction 9.1%
Transport – Water 5.1%
Transport – Land 3.0% Diving 0.6%

Seismic 1.3%
Office 7.5% Lifting 7.2%
Maintenance 15.8%
Figure 29: Lost work day cases by activity

Activity Company Contractor

Construction: Construction, commissioning, decommissioning 7 131
Diving: Diving, subsea, ROV 1 8
Lifting: Lifting, crane, rigging, deck operations 5 105
Maintenance: Maintenance, inspection, testing 37 203
Office: Office, warehouse, accommodation, catering 31 83
Seismic: Seismic/survey operations 0 19
Transport – Air: Transport – Air 1 3
Transport – Water incl. marine activity 4 73
Unspecified: Unspecified other 32 91
Overall 241 1 277
Table 17: Lost work day cases by activity – company & contractor (2014)
Construction 2.9%
Unspecified 13.3% Diving 0.4%

Drilling 16.6%
Transport – Air 0.4% Lifting 2.1%
Maintenance 15.4%
Production 30.7%
Office 12.9%
Figure 30: Lost work day cases by activity – company (2014)

Unspecified 7.1%
Construction 10.3%
Seismic 1.5%
Drilling 26.6%
Production 14.4%
Office 6.5%
Lifting 8.2%
Maintenance 15.9%
Figure 31: Lost work day cases by activity – contractor (2014)
Activity Onshore Offshore

Construction: Construction, commissioning, decommissioning 98 40
Diving: Diving, subsea, ROV 4 5
Lifting: Lifting, crane, rigging, deck operations 45 65
Maintenance: Maintenance, inspection, testing 105 135
Office: Office, warehouse, accommodation, catering 76 38
Seismic: Seismic/survey operations 16 3
Transport – Air: Transport – Air 2 2
Transport – Water incl. marine activity 10 67
Unspecified: Unspecified other 81 42
Overall 892 626
Table 18: Lost work day cases by activity – onshore & offshore (2014)
Unspecified 9.1%
Construction 11.1%
Seismic 1.9%
Drilling 26.2%
Production 20.2%
Lifting 5.0%
Office 8.5%
Maintenance 11.8%
Figure 32: Lost work day cases by activity – onshore (2014)
Unspecified 6.7% Construction 6.4%
Transport – Water 10.7% Diving 0.8%

Transport – Air 0.3% Drilling 23.3%
Seismic 0.5%
Production 12.5%
Office 6.1%
Lifting 10.4%
Maintenance 21.6%
Figure 33: Lost work day cases by activity – offshore (2014)

2.8 Severity of lost work day cases
Severity of LWDC (Average days lost per LWDC)
2014 2013 2014 relative to 2014 relative to

2013 severity 2009-2013 severity
Company 51.6 43.5 # 19% higher # 34% higher
Contractor 40.3 42.9 $ 6% lower $ 4% lower
Overall 42.2 43.0 $ 2% lower # 2% higher
Onshore 39.9 35.8 # 11% higher # 7% higher
Offshore 45.5 51.2 $ 11% lower $ 6% lower
Table 19: Average severity of lost work day cases
IOGP member companies reported a total of 45 527 days lost (LWDC days) through
injuries.
• The number of days lost was reported for 74% of the database
(see Appendix A and Appendix C).
• The offshore LWDC severity is 14% higher than onshore.
Definitions
Severity of lost work day cases
The number of days lost (where reported) for each lost work day case (LWDC).
60
Cont
50
Com
Average days lost per LWDC
40 Over
30
20
10
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 34: Severity of LWDC by company & contractor (2005–2014)
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 35: Severity of LWDC by onshore & offshore (2005–2014)

Figures 36 and 37 show the average number of days lost per LWDC in 2014
compared with the average for the previous five-year period. A 2% increase is
shown in overall LWDC severity when compared with the previous five-year period.
2014 2009–2013 2014 2009–2013
60 60
Average days of lost work per LWDC

50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10
0 0
Company Contractor Overall Onshore Offshore Overall
Figure 36: Severity of lost work day Figure 37: Severity of lost work day
cases by company & contrator cases by onshore & offshore (2014
(2014 compared with 2009–2013) compared with 2009–2013)
2.9 Severity of restricted work day cases

Severity of RWDC (Average days lost per RWDC)
2014 2013 2014 relative to 2014 relative to

2013 severity 2009-2013 severity
Company 14.6 17.2 $ 15% lower $ 1% lower
Contractor 11.6 14.2 $ 19% lower $ 8% lower
Overall 11.8 14.5 $ 18% lower $ 7% lower
Onshore 12.2 15.4 $ 21% lower $ 5% lower
Offshore 11.2 13.0 $ 14% lower $ 11% lower
Table 20: Severity of restricted work day cases (2014 compared with 2009–2013)
A total of 10 115 days were restricted (RWDC days) as a result of restricted work
day cases, in the sense that normal duties could not be performed. This compares
with 45 527 days lost (LWDC days) on a 16% larger dataset (see Appendix A and
Appendix C).
Definitions
Severity of restricted work day cases
The number of days of restricted work per restricted work day case (RWDC).
Restricted work day cases are not reported by all companies and RWDC days are not reported
by all companies that report RWDC. See Appendix A.
20
Cont
Com
Average days lost per RWDC
15
Over
10
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 38: Severity of restricted work day cases by company & contractor (2005–
2014)
20
Average days lost per RWDC
15
10
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 39: Severity of restricted work day cases by onshore & offshore (2005–2014)
Figures 40 and 41 show the average number of days lost per RWDC in 2014
compared with the average for the previous five-year period. The overall average
shows a reduction of 18% compared with the average for the previous five-year
period.
2014 2009–2013 2014 2009–2013
20 20
Average days of lost work per RWDC

15 15
10 10
5 5
0 0
Company Contractor Overall Onshore Offshore Overall
Figure 40: Severity of restricted work Figure 41: Severity of restricted work
day cases by company & contrator day cases by onshore & offshore (2014
(2014 compared with 2009–2013) compared with 2009–2013)
2.10 Incident triangles

In this section the relative numbers of types of occupational injury are shown in
the form of ‘incident triangles’. The ratios have been corrected to account for the
absence, in some data submissions, of medical treatment cases.
Year Ratio of lost time injuries to Ratio of total recordable

fatalities injuries to fatalities
2014 35:1 134:1
2013 21:1 73:1
2012 20:1 72:1
2011 22:1 93:1
2010 15:1 60:1
2009 16:1 63:1
Table 21: Ratio of lost time injuries and recordable injuries to fatalities (2009–2014)
Definitions
Lost time injuries:
Lost work day cases and fatalities.
Recordable injuries:
Fatalities, lost work day cases, restricted work day cases and medical treatment cases where
medical treatment cases are reported for the data set.
Ratio of lost time injuries to fatalities:
The number of lost time injuries divided by the total number of fatalities
(lost time injuries/fatalities).
Ratio of total recordable injuries to fatalities
The number of recordable injuries divided by the total number of fatalities
(recordable injuries/fatalities).
1 1 1 Fatality
Lost time
35 49 32 injuries
134 140 133 Recordable

injuries
Overall Company Contractor
Figure 42: Incident triangles by company & contractor (2014)
1 1 1 Fatality
Lost time
21 21 21 injuries
73 48 79 Recordable
injuries
Figure 43: Incident triangles by company & contractor (2013)
The varying ratio of fatalities to lost time injuries to recordable injuries for
2013–2014 challenges the traditional notion of recordable injuries and lost time
injuries overall as a precursor to fatalities as shown in the incident triangles. In
some incident categories however such as 'confined space, 'assault or violent act'
and 'water related, drowning', the ratio will be higher as shown in Tables 22 and 23.
Category LTIs Fatalities Ratio

(fatalities + LWDCs) LTI: Fatality
Assault or violent act 10 0 n/a
Caught in, under or between 349 7 50:1
Confined space 2 1 2:1
Cut, puncture, scrape 74 0 n/a
Explosions or burns 64 9 7:1
Exposure electrical 20 3 7:1
Exposure noise, chemical,
14 0 n/a
Falls from height 179 5 36:1
Overexertion, strain 92 0 n/a
Pressure release 8 1 8:1
Slips and trips (at same height) 276 0 n/a
Struck by 368 15 25:1
Water related, drowning 4 3 1:1
Other 103 1 103:1
Table 22: Ratio of fatalities to lost time injuries by category
Activity LTIs Fatalities Ratio

(fatalities + LWDCs) LTI: Fatality
Construction, commissioning,
144 6 24:1
decommissioning
Diving, subsea, ROV 9 0 n/a
Drilling, workover, well services 396 16 25:1
Lifting, crane, rigging, deck
116 6 19:1
operations
Maintenance, inspection, testing 244 4 61:1
Office, warehouse,
114 0 n/a
Production operations 261 3 87:1
Seismic/survey operations 20 1 20:1
Transport – Air 4 0 n/a
Transport – Land 52 6 9:1
Transport – Water,
79 2 40:1
incl. marine activity
Unspecified – other 124 1 124:1
Table 23: Ratio of fatalities to lost time injuries by activity

2.11 Causal factors

The 2014 data submission requested allocation of ‘causal factors’ to fatal incidents
and high potential events. This request was first made in 2010, therefore a
comparison of five years of data is possible.
To standardize the response an IOGP list of causal factors and a glossary was
provided to the member companies as part of the IOGP user guide. The causal
factors list is divided into two sections:
• People (Acts) classifications usually involve either the actions of a person
or actions which were required but not carried out or were incorrectly
performed. There are four major categories of actions, with an additional
level of detail under each of the major categories.
• Process (Conditions) classifications usually involve some type of physical
hazard or organizational aspect out of the control of the individual. There are
five major classification categories, with an additional level of detail under
each of the major categories.
2.11.1 Fatal incident causal factors

Causal factors are divided into two separate groups, People (Acts) and Process
(Conditions), see Report 2014su Safety data reporting users' guide – 2014 data and
Glossary for details.
• 33 of the 42 fatal incidents reported were assigned causal factors
(34 of 43 in 2013)
• 176 causal factors were assigned for the 42 fatal incidents
• Between 1 and 13 causal factors were assigned per incident (between 2
and 16 in 2013).
Causal factor group 2014 2013
PEOPLE (ACTS) 75 95
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) 101 127
Table 24: Causal factors assigned to fatal incidents (2013 & 2014)
The causal factors assigned to fatal incidents are shown in Table 25. The
highlighted content indicates the top ten causal factors assigned to fatal incidents
in 2014 compared with the previous four years. Seven of the top ten were the same
for all five years.
Additional information on the fatal incidents reported by region can be found

on the IOGP Safety Zone website: http://info.iogp.org/Safety/. The information
provided includes a narrative description of the incident, the corrective actions and
recommendations and the causal factors assigned by the reporting company.
Causal factors 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010

PROCESS: Organizational: Inadequate work standards/procedures 18 15 15 8 10
PROCESS: Organizational: Inadequate hazard identification or risk assessment 18 13 17 15 30
PROCESS: Organizational: Inadequate training/competence 16 21 13 10 13
PEOPLE: Following procedures: Improper position (in the line of fire) 14 12 13 9 16
PEOPLE: Inattention/lack of awareness: Improper decision making or lack of judgement 13 16 11 16 14
PROCESS: Organizational: Inadequate supervision 13 14 16 18 18
PEOPLE: Following procedures: Violation unintentional (by individual or group) 9 11 13 9 12
PEOPLE: Use of protective methods: Personal Protective Equipment not used or used 8 7 4 6 1
improperly
PEOPLE: Use of tools, equipment, materials and products: Improper use/position of 6 10 7 6 9
tools/equipment/materials/products
PROCESS: Organizational: Inadequate communication 6 8 6 9 12
PROCESS: Protective systems: Inadequate/defective guards or protective barriers 6 10 6 11 7
PROCESS: Protective systems: Inadequate/defective warning systems/safety devices 5 5 5 6 5
PROCESS: Tools, equipment, materials & products: Inadequate maintenance/inspection/testing 5 9 5 6 4
PEOPLE: Following procedures: Violation intentional (by individual or group) 5 2 4 4 12
PEOPLE: Use of tools, equipment, materials and products: Servicing of energized 4 3 3 3
equipment/inadequate energy isolation
PEOPLE: Use of protective methods: Failure to warn of hazard 4 6 4 8 7
PROCESS: Tools, equipment, materials & products: Inadequate design/specification/ 4 4 7 5 10
management of change
PROCESS: Protective systems: Inadequate security provisions or systems 3 1 4 2 2
PROCESS: Organizational: Poor leadership/organizational culture 3 6 4 4 9
PROCESS: Organizational: Failure to report/learn from events 3 1 1 3
PEOPLE: Use of protective methods: Equipment or materials not secured 3 8 4 4 6
PEOPLE: Inattention/lack of awareness: Lack of attention/distracted by other concerns/stress 3 4 5 7 5
PEOPLE: Use of protective methods: Disabled or removed guards, warning systems or 2 3 2 2 2
safety devices
PEOPLE: Use of protective methods: Inadequate use of safety systems 2 7 9 4 5
PEOPLE: Following procedures: Work or motion at improper speed 1 2 1 2
PEOPLE: Following procedures: Improper lifting or loading 1 4 7 2 8
PROCESS: Workplace hazards: Inadequate surfaces, floors, walkways or roads 1 3 4 7 1
PROCESS: Workplace hazards: Hazardous atmosphere (explosive/toxic/asphyxiant) 2 2 1 1
PROCESS: Workplace hazards: Storms or acts of nature 2 5 2
PROCESS: Protective systems: Inadequate/defective Personal Protective Equipment 4 5 5
PROCESS: Tools, equipment, materials & products: Inadequate/defective tools/ 9 7 5 4
equipment/materials/products
PROCESS: Workplace hazards: Congestion, clutter or restricted motion 4 4 2
PEOPLE: Inattention/lack of awareness: Acts of violence 2 1 6
PEOPLE: Inattention/lack of awareness: Use of drugs or alcohol 1
PEOPLE: Inattention/lack of awareness: Fatigue 1 1
Causal factors are listed in order of frequency for 2014. The top 10 causal factors assigned to fatal incidents for each year are
highlighted in yellow.
2014: three causal factors were equal 9th with six assigned incidents (11 factors are highlighted)
2013: two causal factors were equal 10th with nine assigned incidents (11 factors are highlighted)
2012: four causal factors were equal 9th with seven assigned incidents (12 factors are highlighted)
Table 25: Causal factors assigned to fatal incidents (2010–2014)

2.11.2 High potential event causal factors
• 86 of the 141 high potential events were assigned causal factors (124 of 179 in 2013)
• 336 causal factors were assigned for the 86 high potential events (444 in 2013)
• Between 1 and 12 causal factors were assigned per event (between 1 and 16 in 2013).
Causal factor group 2014 2013
PEOPLE (ACTS) 119 134
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) 217 310
Table 26: Causal factors assigned to high potential events (2013 & 2014)
The causal factors assigned to high potential events are shown in Table 27. The highlighted content
indicates the top ten causal factors assigned to high potential events in 2014 compared with the
previous four years. Six of the top ten were the same for all five years.
Additional information on the high potential events reported by region can be found on the IOGP
Safety Zone website: http://info.iogp.org/Safety/. The information provided includes a narrative
description of the event, the corrective actions and recommendations and the causal factors
assigned by the reporting company.
Causal factors 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010

PROCESS: Organizational: Inadequate work standards/procedures 35 44 54 20 37
PROCESS: Organizational: Inadequate hazard identification or risk assessment 28 35 61 24 47
PROCESS: Tools, equipment, materials & products: Inadequate maintenance/inspection/testing 26 29 37 12 21
PROCESS: Tools, equipment, materials & products: Inadequate design/specification/ 23 29 16 18 13
management of change
PROCESS: Organizational: Inadequate communication 22 26 36 15 19
PROCES: Organizational: Inadequate supervision 21 24 44 18 31
PEOPLE: Inattention/lack of awareness: Improper decision making or lack of judgement 21 24 38 21 23
PEOPLE: Following procedures: Violation unintentional (by individual or group) 17 11 23 15 27
PROCESS: Organizational: Inadequate training/competence 17 29 36 15 22
PEOPLE: Use of Tools, equipment, materials & products: Improper use/position of tools/ 16 22 21 17 9
PROCESS: Tools, equipment, materials & products: Inadequate/defective tools/ 14 28 27 13 16
PEOPLE: Use of protective methods: Equipment or materials not secured 13 9 15 9 3
PEOPLE: Following procedures: Violation intentional (by individual or group) 10 9 7 6 9
PROCESS: Protective systems: Inadequate/defective guards or protective barriers 8 21 22 9 10
PEOPLE: Inattention/lack of awareness: Lack of attention/distracted by other concerns/stress 6 11 21 8 15
PEOPLE: Use of protective methods: Failure to warn of hazard 6 12 31 13 9
PEOPLE: Use of protective methods: Inadequate use of safety systems 5 9 19 12 2
PEOPLE: Use of protective methods: Personal Protective Equipment not used or used 5 4 8 3 6
improperly
PROCESS: Protective systems: Inadequate/defective warning systems/safety devices 5 14 8 15 13
PROCESS: Organizational: Failure to report/learn from events 5 4 3 2 4
PROCESS: Workplace hazards: Hazardous atmosphere (explosive/toxic/asphyxiant) 4 3 6 5 6
PROCESS: Organizational: Poor leadership/organizational culture 4 9 10 9 15
PEOPLE: Following procedures: Improper position (in the line of fire) 4 8 13 3 9
PEOPLE: Following procedures: Work or motion at improper speed 4 2 5 3 3
PEOPLE: Following procedures: Improper lifting or loading 4 5 11 9 5
PEOPLE: Use of protective methods: Disabled or removed guards, warning systems or 3 2 4 3 1
safety devices
PROCESS: Workplace hazards: Inadequate surfaces, floors, walkways or roads 3 2 5 2 5
PROCESS: Workplace hazards: Storms or acts of nature 2 3 2 2
PEOPLE: Following procedures: Overexertion or improper position/posture for task 2 2 1 1 3
PEOPLE: Use of Tools, equipment, materials & products: Servicing of energized 2 3 5 3 6
equipment/inadequate energy isolation
PEOPLE: Inattention/lack of awareness: Fatigue 1 1 1 4 4
PEOPLE: Inattention/lack of awareness: Acts of violence 2 1
PROCESS: Protective systems: Inadequate security provisions or systems 2 4 3 1
PROCESS: Protective systems: Inadequate/defective Personal Protective Equipment 4 2 1 3
PROCESS: Work place hazards: Congestion, clutter or restricted motion 4 5 3 3
Causal factors are listed in order of frequency for 2014. The top 10 causal factors assigned to high potential events for each year are
highlighted in yellow.
2010: two causal factors were equal 10th with 15 assigned incidents (11 factors are highlighted)
Table 27: Causal factors assigned to high potential events (2010–2014)

The following eight causal factors were common to the top ten for both fatal
incidents and high potential events in 2014.
procedures
risk assessment
lack of judgement
• PEOPLE (ACTS): Following procedures: Violation unintentional (by individual
or group)
• PEOPLE (ACTS): Use of tools, equipment, materials and products: Improper
use/position of tools/equipment/materials/products
• PROCESS (CONDITIONS): Organizational: Inadequate communication.
The following five causal factors appear consistently in the top ten for both fatal
incidents and high potential events for 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011 and 2010.
lack of judgement
procedures
risk assessment.
The 4th most common causal factor for fatal incidents, which did not show in the
top ten for high potential events was:
• PEOPLE (ACTS): Following procedures: Improper position (line of fire).
2.12 Life-Saving Rules

IOGP has released a set of Life-Saving Rules (OGP Life-Saving Rules, Report 459),
intended for use by the oil and gas industry to mitigate risk and reduce fatalities.
Each Life-Saving Rule consists of a simple icon and descriptive text, providing
clear, simple and consistent communication about risks in the workplace.
These rules were developed by using the fatal incident and high potential event
data from the 1991 to 2010 safety performance indicators reports to identify
the events and activities that are the highest risk and therefore provide clear
instructions on how to mitigate against these risks. The Life-Saving Rules are
split into eight ‘Core Rules’ and ten ‘Supplementary rules’ (previously called
'Supplemental Rules').
1. 2. 3. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

Personal
Safety
4. 5. 6.
Driving
14. 15. 16.

Site Safety
7. 8. 17. 18.
Control of
Work
Figure 44: Life-Saving Rules (from IOGP Report 459)
Assessment of the applicability of the Life-Saving Rules to fatal incident

descriptions for 2014 data shows that at least 78% of the fatal incidents reported
are covered by the Life-Saving Rules and may have been prevented by the adoption
of this system. Insufficient information was provided to be able to assign a rule for
six of the incidents.
Insufficient information to
assign a Rule 17%
No appropriate Rule 5% Core Rule 38%
Supplementary Rule 40%
Figure 45: Percentage of fatal incidents applicable to Life-Saving Rules (2014)
Insufficient information to Confined space 2.4%

Isolation 4.8%
assign a Rule 16.7%
Journey management 9.5%
No appropriate Rule 4.8%
PPE (Including flotation device) Permit to work 7.1%

2.4%
Overhead power lines 2.4% Speeding/phone 2.4%
Line of fire – safe area 14.3%

Work at height 11.9%
Lift plan 2.4%

Gas test 2.4% Dropped objects 16.7%
Figure 46: Percentage of Life-Saving Rules allocated to fatal incidents (2014)

Rule Incidents
Confined space 1
Isolation 2
Journey management 4
Permit to work 3
Seat belt 0
Speeding/phone 1
Suspended load 0
Work at height 5
Dropped objects 7
Drugs and alcohol 0
Excavation 0
Gas test 1
Lift plan 1
Line of fire – safe area 6
Overhead power lines 1
PPE (including flotation device) 1
Smoking 0
System override 0
No appropriate Rule 2
Insufficient information to assign a Rule 7
Overall 42
Table 28: Life-Saving Rules allocated to fatal incidents (2014)

3. Results by region
In this section the safety performance of the contributing IOGP Members is

presented for regions and individual countries within those regions.
A list of countries from which companies have reported information and the
division of countries into regions is provided in Appendix D.
NORTH FSU
AMERICA
EUROPE
ASIA/
AUSTRALASIA
MIDDLE
EAST
AFRICA
SOUTH &
CENTRAL
AMERICA
Figure 47: Region map for IOGP data reports
3.1 Fatalities
Table 29 shows the number of fatal incidents and fatalities in each of the seven
regions into which the data are partitioned.
Further analysis of the fatality statistics is presented in section 3.5, where five-year
rolling averages of FAR are presented for each of the regions.
Fatalities FAR Fatal Incidents

Region
2014 2013 2014 2013 2014 2013
Africa 5 27 0.86 4.53 5 9
Asia/Australasia 11 8 1.02 0.87 10 7
Europe 4 9 1.04 2.26 4 5
FSU 2 3 0.81 1.25 2 3
Middle East 2 4 0.33 0.63 2 4
North America 16 12 1.56 2.03 14 10
South & Central America 5 17 1.13 4.37 5 5
Overall 45 80 1.03 2.12 42 43
Table 29: Fatalities, fatal incidents and fatal accident rate by region (2013 & 2014)
3.2 Fatal accident rate (FAR)

Further analysis of the fatality statistics is presented in section 3.5, where five-year
rolling averages of FAR are presented for each of the regions.
Region 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010

Africa 0.86 4.53 2.83 1.25 3.38
Asia/Australasia 1.02 0.87 1.35 3.28 4.14
Europe 1.04 2.26 0.52 0.87 0.97
FSU 0.81 1.25 0.55 1.59 2.17
Middle East 0.33 0.63 1.95 1.74 1.63
North America 1.56 2.03 7.50 1.50 5.08
South & Central America 1.13 4.37 0.54 2.42 1.57
Overall 1.03 2.12 2.38 1.88 2.76
Table 30: Fatal accident rate by region (2010–2014)

8 2014
2013
7
2012
6 2011
2010
5
0
Africa Asia/ Europe FSU Middle North South & Overall
Australasia East America Central
America
Figure 48: Fatal accident rate by region (2010–2014)
Definitions
The number of company/contractor fatalities per 100 million hours worked.
3.3 Total recordable injury rate (TRIR)

Submissions without information on medical treatment cases were filtered out,
leaving a database of 3 909 million hours, 90% of the database (see Appendix A).
Region 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010

Africa 1.02 1.05 1.14 1.22 1.40
Europe 2.58 2.58 2.64 2.81 3.05
FSU 0.59 0.81 0.99 0.99 1.08
Middle East 0.86 0.90 1.02 0.78 0.98
North America 2.40 2.58 2.82 3.19 2.89
Overall 1.54 1.60 1.74 1.77 1.68
Table 31: Total recordable inury rate by region (2010–2014)

3.5 2014
2013
3.0
2012
2011
2.5
2010
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
America
Figure 49: Total recordable injury rate by region (2010–2014)
Definitions
Total recordable injury rate (TRIR)
The number of recordable injuries (fatalities + lost work day cases + restricted work day cases +
medical treatment cases) per million hours worked.
3.4 Lost time injury frequency (LTIF)

Further analysis of the lost time injuries is presented in section 3.5, where
5-year rolling averages of LTIF are presented for each of the regions, 100% of the
database (see Appendix A).
Region 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010

Africa 0.29 0.31 0.33 0.30 0.36
Europe 0.81 1.02 0.91 1.08 1.06
FSU 0.18 0.33 0.28 0.31 0.31
Middle East 0.17 0.21 0.24 0.18 0.25
North America 0.39 0.74 0.94 0.59 0.48
Overall 0.36 0.45 0.48 0.43 0.42
Table 32: Lost time injury frequency by region (2010–2014)

1.2 2014
2013
1.0 2012
2011
0.8 2010
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
America
Figure 50: Lost time injury frequency by region (2010–2014)
Definitions
3.5 FAR, TRIR and LTIF 5-year rolling averages

In order to smooth out variability in the annual values for the regional TRIR, FAR
and LTIF, five-year rolling averages are computed which should provide a more
reliable indicator of performance trends.
The five-year rolling average is calculated by summing the total number of

incidents of the five previous years, and dividing by the sum of the work hours for
these years. For example, the five-year rolling average for 2014 is calculated by:
(Number of injuries in 2010+2011+2012+2013+2014)
(Total work hours in 2010+2011+2012+2013+2014)
The number series involved in the calculation is frame-shifted along by one each
year, e.g. 2013 is calculated from 2009–2013 data.
The figures show TRIR, FAR and LTIF five-year rolling averages for each of the
regions, and includes the ‘overall’ curve.
The increase in the North America five-year rolling average FAR for 2012 can be
attributed to the effect of a gas leak and explosion following the loss of mechanical
integrity of a pipeline in Mexico (onshore) in which 31 individuals lost their lives.
Asia/ Middle North South &

FAR five-year rolling average (per 100 million hours)
Africa Europe FSU Overall

America
5
1
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 51: FAR five-year rolling average (2009–2014)


TRIR five-year rolling average (per million hours)

America
5
0
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 52: TRIR five-year rolling average (2009–2014)

LTIF five-year rolling average (per million hours)
America
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 53: LTIF five-year rolling average (2009–2014)

3.6 Severity of lost work day cases

The number of days lost was reported for 71% of lost work day cases.
The severity of lost work day cases is the highest in the FSU region compared with
the other regions (65 days lost per LWDC in 2014). This represents a 54% increase
compared with the average for the previous five-year period.
Appendix A provides further information on the proportion of the database which

can be used for lost work day case severity, 96% of the data submitted for South
& Central America was usable for this metric, in comparison with only 53% of
equivalent data for Europe.

Region 2014 2013 2014 relative to 2014 relative to
2013 severity 2009–2013 severity
Africa 33.2 29.2 # 14% higher # 17% higher
Asia/Australasia 31.0 30.4 # 2% higher # 11% higher
Europe 33.8 42.3 $ 20% lower $ 16% lower
FSU 64.8 51.0 # 27% higher # 54% higher
Middle East 34.6 13.6 # 154% higher # 91% higher
North America 49.2 49.6 $ 1% lower # 24% higher
South & Central America 49.1 60.3 $ 19% lower $ 32% lower
Overall 42.2 43.0 $ 2% lower # 2% higher
Table 33: Severity of lost work day cases by region (2014 compared to 2009–2013)
Definitions
An incident resulting in at least one day off work. Fatal incidents are not included.
Severity of lost work day cases

The number of days lost (where reported) for each lost work day case (LWDC).
80 2014
2009–2013
70
2014 Overall
60
50
42.2
40
30
20
10
0
Africa Asia/ Europe FSU Middle North South &
America
Figure 54: Severity of lost work day cases by region (2014 compared to 2009–2013)
3.7 Individual country performance

The safety performance reported by participating IOGP member companies of
individual countries is presented in terms of the lost time injury frequency of
companies jointly with contractors. To preserve the anonymity of companies,
performance is only published for those countries for which at least two
companies have reported statistics. Countries with less than 50 000 work hours
reported are excluded, since results for such small populations of hours would be
unrepresentative. Overall averages and regional averages include data from all
countries regardless of work hours or number of contributing companies.
Of the 111 countries from which data have been reported, 31 are excluded by these
constraints. The chart of relative LTIF performance for the remaining 80 countries
compares the 2014 performance with that of 2013 and 2012.
The majority of countries in Africa, Asia/Australasia, FSU and the Middle East
achieved an LTIF equal to or lower than the overall average LTIF (0.36). The
majority of countries in Europe, North America and South & Central America show
an LTIF higher than the global average.
TRIR calculations exclude data where medical treatment cases are not reported.
The chart of relative TRIR performance therefore compares the 2014 performance
with that of 2013 and 2012 for 79 of the 80 countries.
The majority of countries in Africa, Asia/Australasia, FSU and Middle East achieved
a TRIR equal to or lower than the overall average TRIR (1.54). The majority of
countries in Europe, North America and South & Central America show a TRIR
higher than the global average.
For comparison, the five-year rolling average FAR is shown for each of the regions.
There appears to be little if any correlation between these values and the regional
average LTIF and TRIR values.
2014 average TRIR 2014 *No data were provided for Cyrpus (2014),
Five-year rolling average FAR (0.0) Malta (2013 & 2014), or Namibia (2014)
2013
2014 Global average TRIR 2012
Africa (2.6)
Liberia
Morocco
Ivory Coast
Senegal
D.R. Congo
Kenya
Algeria
Gabon
Tunisia
Mauritania
Angola
Tanzania
Mozambique
Equatorial Guinea
Uganda
Congo
Ghana
Libya
Egypt
Nigeria
South Africa
Namibia
Madagascar
Asia/Australasia (1.9)
New Zealand
Japan
Australia
Brunei
Papua New Guinea
India
Myanmar
Thailand
South Korea
Malaysia
Indonesia
Philippines
China
Singapore
Vietnam
Pakistan
Europe (1.2)
Denmark
Malta
Germany
Ireland
Netherlands
Norway
Croatia
UK
Hungary
Cyprus
France
Spain
Romania
Italy
Poland
FSU (1.4)
Russia
Kazakhstan
Azerbaijan
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Middle East (1.3)
Turkey
Iraq
Oman
Qatar
Yemen
Kuwait
UAE
Iran
North America (3.2)
Canada
USA
Mexico
South & Central America (2.0) 17.90
Venezuela
Uruguay
Brazil
Colombia
Ecuador
Argentina
Bolivia
Peru
Trinidad & Tobago
0 1.54 3 6 9 12
TRIR (per million hours worked) and FAR 5-year rolling average (per 100 million hours worked)
Figure 55: Total recordable injury rate by region (2014) and country (2012–2014) and FAR 5-year
rolling average by region (2014)
2014 average LTIF 2014 One or more fatalities (2014) in red

Five-year rolling average FAR (0.0) 2013 *No data were provided for Malta (2013 & 2014)
2014 Global average LTIF 2012
Africa (2.6)
Ivory coast
Algeria
Tunisia
Senegal
Kenya
Mauritania
Morocco
D.R. Congo
Tanzania
Gabon
Mozambique
Egypt
Congo
Angola
Equatorial Guinea
Libya
Ghana
Nigeria
South Africa
Namibia
Madagascar
Uganda
Liberia
Asia/Australasia (1.9)
New Zealand
Japan
Vietnam
India
Myanmar
Australia
Pakistan
Malaysia
Papua New Guinea
China
South Korea
Thailand
Indonesia
Singapore
Brunei
Philippines
Europe (1.2)
Cyprus
Croatia
Germany
Denmark
Norway
Ireland
Italy
UK
Netherlands
Romania
France
Spain
Hungary
Poland
Malta*
FSU (1.4)
Russia
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Azerbaijan
Middle East (1.3)
Turkey
Yemen
Oman
Iraq
Kuwait
Qatar
UAE
Iran
North America (3.2)
USA
6.98
Mexico
Canada
South & Central America (2.0)
Venezuela
Brazil
Colombia
Peru
Argentina
Trinidad & Tobago
Ecuador
Bolivia 15.35
Uruguay
0 0.36 1 2 3 4 5
LTIF (per million hours worked) and FAR 5-year rolling average (per 100 million hours worked)
Figure 56: Lost time injury frequency by region (2014) and country (2012–2014) and FAR 5-year
rolling average by region (2014)
3.8 Incident triangles by region

In this section the relative numbers of types of occupational injury are shown in
the form of ‘incident triangles’. The ratios have been corrected to account for the
absence, in some data submissions, of medical treatment cases.
Definitions
Lost time injuries:
Lost work day cases and fatalities.
Recordable injuries:
Fatalities, lost work day cases, restricted work day cases and medical treatment cases where
medical treatment cases are reported for the data set.
Ratio of lost time injuries to fatalities:
The number of lost time injuries (LTI) divided by the total number of fatalities
(LTI/fatalities).
Ratio of total recordable injuries to fatalities
The number of recordable injuries divided by the total number of fatalities
(recordable injuries/fatalities).
Year Ratio of lost time injuries to fatalities Ratio of total recordable injuries to fatalities
2014 34:1 116:1
2013 7:1 23:1
2012 12:1 40:1
2011 24:1 97:1
Table 34: Ratio of lost time injuries and recordable injuries to fatalities – Africa
(2011–2014)
n/a
1 Fatalities = 0 1 Fatality
Lost time
34 31 injuries
116 105 Recordable

injuries
Figure 57: Incident triangles by company & contractor – Africa (2014)

2014 17:1 97:1
2013 17:1 107:1
2012 19:1 101:1
2011 9:1 43:1
Table 35: Ratio of lost time injuries and recordable injuries to fatalities –
Asia/Australasia (2011–2014)
n/a
Lost time
17 15 injuries
97 89 Recordable
injuries
Figure 58: Incident triangles by company & contractor – Asia/Australasia (2014)
2014 78:1 239:1
2013 45:1 113:1
2012 175:1 507:1
2011 124:1 316:1
Europe (2011–2014)
1 1 1 Fatality
Lost time
78 35 121 injuries

injuries
Figure 59: Incident triangles by company & contractor – Europe (2014)

2014 22:1 72:1
2013 27:1 65:1
2012 52:1 180:1
2011 19:1 62:1
FSU (2011–2014)
n/a
Lost time
22 19 injuries
72 61 Recordable
injuries
Figure 60: Incident triangles by company & contractor – FSU (2014)
2014 53:1 255:1
2013 34:1 141:1
2012 12:1 52:1
2011 10:1 45:1
Middle East (2011–2014)
n/a
Lost time
53 45 injuries
255 224 Recordable

injuries
Figure 61: Incident triangles by company & contractor – Middle East (2014)
2014 25:1 96:1
2013 36:1 116:1
2012 13:1 35:1
2011 40:1 213:1
North America (2011–2014)
1 1 1 Fatality
Lost time
25 28 25 injuries
injuries
Figure 62: Incident triangles by company & contractor – North America (2014)
2014 68:1 247:1
2013 19:1 72:1
2012 129:1 570:1
2011 26:1 131:1
South & Central America (2011–2014)
n/a
Lost time
68 62 injuries
247 226 Recordable

injuries
Figure 63: Incident triangles by company & contractor – South & Central America (2014)
4. Results by function
In this section the safety performance within different functions performed in

the E&P industry is presented. Functions are defined as ‘exploration’, ‘drilling’,
‘production’, ‘construction’ and ‘unspecified’. The category ‘other’ is no longer in
use. See the Glossary of terms for definitions.
The percentage of the total work hours reported under each function has been
detailed below. See Appendix B for further data.
Function 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010
Exploration 3 3 2 2 2
Drilling 16 15 18 19 15
Production 37 35 33 35 28
Construction 23 25 25 24 25
Unspecified 21 23 22 20 29
Table 41: Percentage of total work hours reported under each function (2010–2014)
4.1 Fatalities
The distribution of company and contractor fatal incidents and fatalities between
the functions is shown for both 2014 and 2013.
2014 2013
Function
Fatal incidents Fatalities Fatal incidents Fatalities
Exploration 1 1 3 3
Drilling 17 19 15 15
Production 14 15 17 33
Construction 8 8 6 18
Unspecified 2 2 2 11
Overall 42 45 43 80
Table 42: Number of fatalities and fatal incidents by function (2013 & 2014)
4.2 FAR, LTIF and TRIR – five-year rolling averages

In order to smooth out variability in the annual values for the regional TRIR, FAR
and LTIF, five-year rolling averages are computed which should provide a more
reliable indicator of performance trends.
The five-year rolling average is calculated by summing the total number of

incidents of the five previous years, and dividing by the sum of the work hours for
these years. For example, the five-year rolling average for 2014 is calculated by:
(Number of fatalities in function in 2010+2011+2012+2013+2014)
(Total work hours in function 2010+2011+2012+2013+2014)
The number series involved in the calculation is frame-shifted along by one each
year, e.g. 2013 is calculated from 2009–2013 data.
The figures show TRIR, FAR and LTIF five-year rolling averages for each of the
regions, and include the ‘overall’ curve.
Exploration Drilling Production Construction* Unspecified Overall

FAR five-year rolling average (per 100 million hours)
0
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
*The 2009 5-year rolling average for ‘construction’ is not available as the category was used for the first time in 2006, replacing the function ‘other’.
Figure 64: FAR five-year rolling average by function (2009–2014)
The increase in the 2010 drilling FAR can be attributed to the effect of a fire and
explosion offshore in the USA in which 11 individuals lost their lives.
For the calculation of TRIR results, submissions without information on medical

treatment cases were filtered out, leaving a database of 3 909 million hours, 90% of
the database (see Appendix A).

TRIR five-year rolling average (per million hours)
5
Overall
4 Unspecifi
Construc
3
Productio
2
Drilling
1 Explorati
0
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 65: TRIR five-year rolling average by function (2009–2014)

LTIF five year rolling average (per million hours)
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Figure 66: LTIF five-year rolling average by function (2009–2014)

4.3 Severity of lost work day cases (LWDC)
60 2014
2009–2013
50 2014 Overall
42.2
40
30
20
10
0
Exploration Drilling Production Construction Unspecified
Figure 67: Average severity of lost work day cases by function (2014 compared with
2009–2013)
The overall severity based on the number of days lost per lost work day case (LWDC)
is 42.2 in 2014 (43.0 in 2013). Offshore the LWDC severity is 45.5 days lost per LWDC
compared with 39.9 days for onshore activities (51.2 and 35.8 respectively for 2013).
See section 2.8 for additional information and Section 3.6 for LWDC severity by region.
4.4 Exploration performance
4.4.1 Total recordable injury rate – exploration
Definitions
Exploration
Geophysical, seismographic and geological operations, including their administrative and
engineering aspects, construction, maintenance, materials supply and transportation of
personnel and equipment; excludes drilling.
Figures 68 and 69 show the TRIR for companies and contractors for exploration
related activities, in different regions of the world.
103 million work hours (87% of reported exploration work hours) were used in
this analysis, of which company activities represent 20% and contractor activities
represent 80%. This is an increase of 15 million work hours compared with 2013
(88 million work hours in 2013; 22% company, 78% contractor).
In 2014 the overall TRIR values for companies and contractors engaged in
exploration activities are 0.39 and 1.75 respectively; the overall average TRIR for
exploration activities is 1.48.
The total recordable injury rates for companies operating in the FSU show a
strong increase, this is against a relatively small number of work hours
(0.25 million work hours).
Company total recordable injury rate (per million hours worked)
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
1
0.39
0
Africa Asia/ Europe FSU Middle East North South &
Australasia America Central
America
Figure 68: Total recordable injury rate for companies engaged in exploration
activities – by region (2014 compared with 2009–2013)
Contractor total recordable injury rate (per million hours worked)
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
2 1.75
0
America
Figure 69: Total recordable injury rate for contractors engaged in exploration
4.4.2 Lost time injury frequency – exploration

Figures 70 and 71 show the LTIF for companies and contractors for exploration
related activities, in different regions of the world. The 2014 result is compared
with average LTIF results in the previous five-year period.
118 million work hours (100% of reported exploration work hours) were used in
this analysis of which company activities represent 21% and contractor activities
represent 79%. This is an increase of 23 million work hours compared with 2013
(24% company, 76% contractor in 2013).
In 2014 the overall LTIF values for companies and contractors engaged in
exploration activities are 0.00 and 0.37 respectively; the overall average LTIF for
exploration activities is 0.30.
Company LTIF values associated with exploration show an LTIF of zero (no
fatalities or LWDC reported) in all regions in 2014.
Company lost time injury frequency (per million hours worked)
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
0.00
0
America
Figure 70: Lost time injury frequency for companies engaged in exploration
Contractor lost time injury frequency (per million hours worked)
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
1
0.37
0
America
Figure 71: Lost time injury frequency for contractors engaged in exploration
4.5 Drilling performance
Definitions
Drilling
All exploration, appraisal and production drilling and workover as well as their administrative,
engineering, construction, materials supply and transportation aspects. It includes site
preparation, rigging up and down and restoration of the drilling site upon work completion.
Drilling includes ALL exploration, appraisal and production drilling.
4.5.1 Total recordable injury rate – drilling

Figures 72 and 73 show the TRIR for companies and contractors for drilling related
activities in different regions of the world.
603 million work hours (85% of reported drilling work hours) were used in this
analysis of which company activities represent 9% and contractor activities represent
91%. This represents an increase of 50 million work hours compared with 2013, with
a similar ratio of company to contractor activities (12% to 88% respectively).
In 2014 the overall TRIR values for companies and contractors engaged in drilling
activities are 0.92 and 2.97 respectively; the overall TRIR for drilling activities is 2.78.
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
1 0.92
0
America
Figure 72: Total recordable injury rate for companies engaged in drilling activities –
by region (2014 compared with 2009–2013)
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
3 2.97
0
America
Figure 73: Total recordable injury rate for contractors engaged in drilling activities –
4.5.2 Lost time injury frequency – drilling

706 million work hours (100% of reported drilling work hours) were used in this
analysis, of which company activities represent 14% and contractor activities
represent 86%. This represents an increase of 126 million work hours compared
with 2013, with the same ratio of company to contractor activities.
Figures 74 and 75 show the LTIF for companies and contractors in drilling
related activities in different regions of the world. In 2014 the overall LTIF for both
companies and contractors engaged in drilling activities is 0.78.
In 2014 the overall LTIF values for companies and contractors engaged in drilling
activities are 0.55 and 0.82 respectively.
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
1
0.55
0
America
Figure 74: Lost time injury frequency for companies engaged in drilling activities –
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
1 0.82
0
Africa Asia/ Europe FSU Middle North South &
America
Figure 75: Lost time injury frequency for contractors engaged in drilling activities –
4.6 Production performance
Definitions
Production
Petroleum and natural gas producing operations, including their administrative and
engineering aspects, minor construction, repairs, maintenance and servicing, materials
supply, and transportation of personnel and equipment. It covers all mainstream production
operations including wireline. It does not cover production drilling and workover.
See Appendix E: Glossary of Terms for details.
4.6.1 Total recordable injury rate – production

Figures 76 and 77 show the TRIR for companies and contractors for production
related activities in different regions of the world.
1 398 million work hours (85% of reported production work hours) were used
in this analysis, of which company activities represent 26% and contractor
activities represent 74%. This represents an increase of 119 million work hours
compared with 2013, with a similar ratio of company to contractor activities
(27% to 73% respectively).
production activities are 1.35 and 1.89 respectively; the overall average TRIR for
production activities is 1.75.
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
2
1.35
1
0
America
Figure 76: Total recordable injury rate for companies engaged in production
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
2 1.89
0
America
Figure 77: Total recordable injury rate for contractors engaged in production
4.6.2 Lost time injury frequency – production

Figures 78 and 79 show the LTIF for companies and contractors for production
related activities in different regions of the world.
1 629 million work hours (100% of reported production work hours) were used in
represent 73%. This is an increase of 316 million work hours compared with 2013,
with the same ratio of company to contractor activities.
production activities are 0.33 and 0.43 respectively; the overall average LTIF for
production activities is 0.40.
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
1
0.33
0
America
Figure 78: Lost time injury frequency for companies engaged in production
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
1
0.43
0
America
Figure 79: Lost time injury frequency for contractors engaged in production
4.7 Construction performance
Definitions
Construction
All major construction, fabrication activities and also disassembly, removal and disposal
(decommissioning) at the end of the facility life. Includes construction of process plant, yard
construction of structures, offshore installation, hook-up and commissioning, and removal of
redundant process facilities.
The company and contractor results for 2014 construction performance are
presented below.
Construction activities are predominately conducted by contractors therefore the

work hours reported for contractors are much greater than those reported for
company employees. Refer to Appendix B for detailed information.
4.7.1 Total recordable injury rate – construction

934 million work hours (93% of reported construction work hours) were used in
represent 93%. This is an increase of 11 million work hours compared with 2013,
with a similar ratio of company to contractor activities (8% to 92% respectively).
construction activities are 0.23 and 1.14 respectively; the overall average TRIR for
construction activities is 1.08.
6 2014
2009–2013
2009-2013
5 2014 Overall
2014
4
1
0.23
0
America
Figure 80: Total recordable injury rate for companies engaged in construction
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
2
1.14
1
0
America
Figure 81: Total recordable injury rate for contractors engaged in construction
4.7.2 Lost time injury frequency – construction

1 001 million work hours (100% of reported construction work hours) were used
in this analysis of which company activities represent 7% and contractor activities
with 2013, with a similar ratio of company to contractor activities (8% to 92%
respectively).
construction activities are 0.06 and 0.17 respectively; the overall average LTIF for
construction activities is 0.17.
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
0.06
0
America
Figure 82: Lost time injury frequency for companies engaged in construction
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
1
0.17
0
America
Figure 83: Lost time injury frequency for contractors engaged in construction
4.8 Unspecified performance
Definitions
Unspecified
Unspecified is used for the entry of data associated with office personnel who’s work hours
and incident data cannot be reasonably assigned to the administrative support of one of the
function groupings of exploration, drilling, production or construction. Corporate overhead
support function personnel such as finance or human resources staff may be examples where
work hours cannot be specifically assigned to a particular function.
4.8.1 Total recordable injury rate – unspecified

871 million work hours (95% of work hours reported as unspecified) were used in
this analysis, of which company activities represent 32% and contractor activities
with 2013, with a similar ratio company to contractor activities (33% to 67%
respectively in 2013).
In 2014 the overall TRIR values for companies and contractors engaged in activities
where the work function was not specified are 0.52 and 1.00 respectively; the
overall average TRIR for unspecified activities is 0.85.
6 2014
2009–2013
2009-2013
5 2014 Overall
2014
4
1
0.52
0
America
Figure 84: Total recordable injury rate for companies engaged in unspecified
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
1 1.00
0
America
Figure 85: Total recordable injury rate for contractors engaged in unspecified
4.8.2 Lost time injury frequency – unspecified

912 million work hours (100% of work hours reported as unspecified) were used in
with 2013, with the same ratio of company to contractor activities.
In 2014 the overall LTIF values for companies and contractors engaged in activities
in the ‘unspecified’ work function are 0.14 and 0.19 respectively; the overall
average LTIF for unspecified activities is 0.17.
Reported under the ‘unspecified’ function in 2014 were two contractor fatalities
with 43 company and 109 contractor lost work day cases.
Reported under the ‘unspecified’ function from 2009 to 2013 were 31 company and
72 contractor fatalities with 333 company and 950 contractor lost work day cases.
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
0.14
0
America
Figure 86: Lost time injury frequency for companies engaged in construction
6 2014
2009–2013
5 2014 Overall
1
0.19
0
America
Figure 87: Lost time injury frequency for contractors engaged in construction
5. Results by company
This section compares the safety performance of individual companies with each
other and with their performance in previous years.
5.1 Overall company results

For reasons of anonymity each of the 52 companies that has contributed relevant
data and is to be included in this analysis has been allocated a unique code
letter (A to ZZ). These codes change every year in line with LTIF performance. All
companies reported both company and contractor data. Results for all of the 52
participating companies are therefore shown in this section. In 2014 IOGP member
companies reported 40 contractor and five company employee fatalities.
5.1.1 Fatal accident rate

In the figure below the FAR is presented for those companies that, with their
contractors, reported more than 50 million work hours reported. Twenty-two
companies met this criterion in 2014, compared with 20 companies in 2013.
Companies are shown in rank order of company-with-contractor FAR.
Sixteen of the 22 companies with their contractors performed below the overall
average for companies with contractors reporting more than 50 million work hours
reported (1.13).
Sixteen of the 22 companies suffered one or more fatalities.
Company with contractors Top quartile 2014 Overall companies with contractors
1.13
1
0
Y HH W S E D Z I PP NN LL FF EE AA QQ DD MM KK CC V TT UU
Figure 88: Performance ranking of companies jointly with contractors with

>50 million joint hours – fatal accident rate
5.1.2 Total recordable injury rate

The TRIR for companies together with their contractors is presented below. Data
are only included where Medical Treatment Cases (MTC) are reported. Fifty-one of
the 52 participating companies qualified for inclusion in this section. Company W
did not provide MTC data and is excluded from the TRIR analysis.
The TRIR for company alone is plotted alongside the TRIR for company and
contractors jointly. Details of results are tabulated in Appendix B.
In six instances, contractors achieved a lower TRIR than the companies they were
employed by.
Company with contractors Company only Top quartile 2014 Overall companies with contractors
7
Compan
6
Compan
5
2
1.54
0 B H T A C L N E O G ZZ D K I J P RR BB X XX U Q JJ R VV SS NN MM V PP M AA F II S FF DD CC QQ Z UU Y KK LL OO EE HH TT GG WW YY
Figure 89: Performance ranking of companies vs. companies with contractors

combined – total recordable injury rate
In Figure 90 the TRIR for contractors alone is plotted alongside the TRIR for
company and contractors jointly.
Company with contractors Contractor only Top quartile 2014 Overall companies with contractors
7
Contrac
6
Compan
5
2
1.54
1
0 B H T A C L N E O G ZZ D K I J P RR BB X XX U Q JJ R VV SS NN MM V PP M AA F II S FF DD CC QQ Z UU Y KK LL OO EE HH TT GG WW YY
Figure 90: Performance ranking of contractors vs. companies with contractors

combined – total recordable injury rate
In the figures below the TRIR is presented for those companies that, with their
contractors, reported more than 50 million work hours. Twenty one companies met
this criterion in 2014, compared with the 20 in 2013. Companies are shown in rank
order of the company-with-contractor TRIR for companies alone vs. company-
with-contractor TRIR and for contractors alone vs. company-with-contractor TRIR.
Seventeen of the 21 companies with their contractors performed below the overall
average for companies with contractors reporting more than 50 million work hours
reported (1.50).
5
Compa
4 Compa
2
1.50
0 E D I NN MM V PP AA S FF DD CC QQ Z UU Y KK LL EE HH TT

combined, joint hours >50 million – total recordable injury rate
5
Contrac
4 Compa
2
1.50
0 E D I NN MM V PP AA S FF DD CC QQ Z UU Y KK LL EE HH TT

combined, joint hours >50 million – total recordable injury rate
The remaining 30 companies which, with their contractors, reported less than
50 million work hours are presented below in rank order of the company-with-
contractor TRIR for companies alone vs. company-with-contractor TRIR and for
contractors alone vs. company-with-contractor TRIR.
Twenty three of the 30 companies with their contractors performed above the
overall average for smaller companies with contractors (1.58).
7
Compan
6
Compan
5
2
1.58
0 B H T A C L N O G ZZ K J P RR BB X XX U Q JJ R SS VV M F II OO GG WW YY

combined, joint hours <=50 million – total recordable injury rate
7
Contractor on
6
Company with
5
2
1.58
0 B H T A C L N O G ZZ K J P BB X XX U Q JJ R SS VV M F II OO GG WW YY

combined joint hours <=50 million – total recordable injury rate
5.1.3 Lost time injury frequency

The figure shows the LTIF in rank order for companies together with their
contractors. All of the 52 participating companies (A to ZZ) contributed both
company and contractor data, although not always for every country in which
operations were conducted. Data for all 52 participating companies are therefore
included in this section.
The LTIF for the company alone and contractors alone is plotted alongside the LTIF
for company and contractors jointly. The incidence of a fatality in either company
or contractor operations is also indicated*. Details of results are tabulated in
Appendix B.
• 46 companies with their contractors delivered a LTIF of less than one
• 23 of the 52 companies presented below suffered one or more fatality
• I n eight instances, contractors achieved a lower LTIF than the companies they
were employed by.
Company with contractors Company only Top quartile 2014 Overall companies with contractors *2014 Fatality
3
Compa
Compa
2
0.36
0 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z AA BB CC DD EE FF GG HH II JJ KK LL MM NN OO PP QQ RR SS TT UU VV WW XX YY ZZ
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

combined – lost time injury frequency
Company with contractors Contractor only Top quartile 2014 Overall companies with contractors *2014 Fatality
3
Contrac
Compa
2
0.36
0 A B C D E F G H I M K J L N O P S Q R T U V Y X Z BB AA CC FF DD EE GG II JJ HH LL KK MM NN PP OO QQ RR SS TT UU VV WW XX YY ZZ
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

combined – lost time injury frequency
In figures 97 and 98 below the LTIF is presented for those companies that,
with their contractors, reported more than 50 million work hours. Twenty two
companies met this criterion in 2014, compared with 20 companies in 2013.
Companies are shown in rank order of the company-with-contractor LTIF.
• 1
6 of the 22 companies with their contractors performed below the overall
average for companies with contractors reporting more than 50 million work
hours reported (0.34).
• 16 of the 22 companies suffered one or more fatalities.
2.0
Compan
Compan
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.34
0.0 D* E* I* S* V W* Y* Z* AA* CC DD* EE* FF* HH* KK LL* MM NN* PP* QQ* TT UU

combined, joint hours >50 million – lost time injury frequency
2.0
Contractor on
Company wit
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.34
0.0 D* E* I* S* V W* Y* Z* AA* CC DD* EE* FF* HH* KK LL* MM NN* PP* QQ* TT UU

combined, joint hours >50 million – lost time injury frequency
The remaining 30 companies which, with their contractors, reported less than 50
million work hours reported are presented below in rank order of the company-
with-contractor LTIF.
• 12 of the 30 companies with their contractors performed below the overall
average for smaller companies with contractors (0.43).
• Six of the 30 smaller companies presented below suffered one or more
fatalities.
3
Compa
Compa
2
0.43
0 A B* C F G H* J* K* L M* N O P Q R T U* X BB GG II JJ OO RR SS* VV WW XX YY ZZ

combined, joint hours <=50 million – lost time injury frequency
3
Contractor on
Company with
0.43
0 A B* C F G H* J* K* L M* N O P Q R T U* X BB GG II JJ OO RR SS* VV WW XX YY ZZ

combined, joint hours <=50 million – lost time injury frequency
5.2 Company results by function

Results of companies together with their contractors have been analysed by
function to allow more in-depth benchmarking between companies. The TRIR
indicator has been selected, and the ranked results are shown in the following
charts. Only companies that provided data by function are included, and then only
those companies that reported more than 100 000 hours worked. Results against
smaller numbers of hours would not have statistical significance. The company
code letters are the same as used elsewhere in this section.
Exploration was the only function where the top quartile company with contractors
shows a TRIR of zero. It is also the function with the smallest number of work
hours reported (3% of the total in 2014, see Appendix A).
12 13.22
10
2 1.48
0
I V RR C A U X Q XX E K AA DD KK NN II R S P BB O CC Y D F EE QQ G H HH JJ L LL PP T TT Z
Figure 101: Performance ranking of companies jointly with contractors –

exploration – total recordable injury rate
12
10
4
2.78
2
0
H D ZZ KK A K G T O N E I XX U J P NN C RR II F L CC R V S Q VV FF JJ DD SS X TT AA QQ M HH EE Z LL Y PP UU YY
Figure 102: Performance ranking of companies jointly with contractors – drilling –

total recordable injury rate
12
10
2 1.75
0
C T A L E P D X O VV H G I K JJ NN RR Q J AA F PP SS V DD FF S II EE OO R TT QQ U CC HH Y LL UU M Z KK WW GG ZZ

production – total recordable injury rate
12 16.61
10
2
1.08
0
A O G R JJ K P H C M V D L II RR PP AA QQ Y SS UU LL U Z NN GG S DD CC FF EE HH KK WW TT F T VV X

construction – total recordable injury rate
Appendix A
Database dimensions
Company Contractor
5000
4500
Number of work hours (millions)
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2014
Figure A.1: Work hours reported by company and contractor (1985–2014)
Work hours reported (thousands)

Data type
Company 719 829 225 743 945 572
Contractor 2 419 208 1 001 179 3 420 387
Overall 3 139 037 1 226 922 4 365 959
Table A.1: Work hours reported by data type and operations (2014)
The database for the year 2014 covers 4 365 959 000 work hours reported in the
exploration and production sector of the oil and gas industry. The database is 16%
larger than it was in 2013.
• 72% of the hours reported were associated with onshore activities, 28% with
offshore activities
• 111 countries are represented in the database, one more than in the 2013
database. Countries are listed in Appendix D
• 52 companies contributed data, of which all companies contributed
contractor statistics, though not in every case for each country of operation
• Of the 52 companies, 50 had contributed data in 2013 which accounted for
98% of the database in 2013 and 98% of the database in 2014. Forty five of the
companies submitting 2014 data also provided data in 2012
• 25 of the companies contributed 90% of the hours. Seven companies between
them covered 50% of the hours, and the largest contributor accounted for 11%
• 22% of the reported work hours were related to company personnel and 78%
were related to contractors.
Appendix A 105
A summary of the key elements of the database is shown in the table at the end of
this section.
South & Central America 10% Africa 13%
North America 23%

Asia/Australasia 25%
Middle East 14%
Europe 9%
FSU 6%
Figure A.2: Percentage of work hours reported by region (2014)
South & Central America 10% Africa 16%
North America 16%

Asia/Australasia 24%
Middle East 17%
Europe 11%
FSU 6%
Figure A.3: Percentage of work hours reported by region (2013)

Exploration 3%
Unspecified 21% Drilling 16%
Construction 23%
Production 37%
Figure A.4: Percentage of work hours reported by function (2014)
Exploration 2%
Unspecified 23% Drilling 15%
Construction 25%
Production 35%
Figure A.5: Percentage of work hours reported by function (2013)
‘Unspecified (as a work function)’ is used for the entry of data associated with
office personnel whose work hours and incident data cannot be reasonably
assigned to the administrative support of one of the function groupings of
exploration, drilling, production or construction. Corporate overhead support
function personnel such as finance or human resources staff may be examples
where work hours cannot be specifically assigned to a particular function. All other
data that are not separated out by function are reported as ‘unspecified’.
Appendix A 107
Proportion of database used in analysis

For calculations of FAR, Fatal incidents per 100 million work hours, and LTIF:
• All hours in the database were used.
For calculations of TRIR:

• S
ubmissions without information on medical treatment cases were filtered
out, leaving a database of 3 909 million hours, 90% of the database.
• I n 2013, the TRIR database was 3 651 million hours, 99% of the total
database.
• T
he region where the smallest proportion of the database could be used was
North America (62%).
For calculations of lost work day case severity:

• S
ubmissions without information on days off work were filtered out, leaving a
database of 3 213 million hours, 74% of the total database.
• In 2013, this database was 2 625 million hours, 70% of the total database.
• E
urope has only 53% severity information respectively, whereas 96% of the
South & Central America database was useable.
For calculations of restricted work day case severity:

• S
ubmissions without information on days assigned to restricted activities
were filtered out, leaving a database of 2 151 million hours (49% of the total
database), and 854 restricted work day cases, 58% of the total reported in
2014 (1 473 RWDC).
• In 2013 this database was 2 088 million hours, 55% of the total database.
More detailed information is shown in Tables A.2–A.5.

Percentage of reported work hours included in analysis
TRIR Lost work day case Restricted work

Region
severity day case severity
Africa 98% 84% 62%
Asia/Australasia 98% 78% 59%
Europe 96% 53% 43%
FSU 99% 73% 47%
Middle East 98% 74% 49%
North America 62% 61% 22%
South & Central America 99% 96% 78%
Table A.2: Percentage of reported work hours included in analyses by region

Function
Exploration 87% 79% 46%
Drilling 85% 77% 47%
Production 85% 75% 48%
Construction 93% 70% 51%
Unspecified 95% 70% 50%
Table A.3: Percentage of reported work hours included in analyses by function

Overall 90% 74% 49%
Table A.4: Percentage of reported work hours included in analyses overall
Percentage of reported work hours included in RWDC severity analysis
Company Contractor Overall Onshore Offshore
60% 58% 58% 55% 64%
Table A.5: Percentage of reported RWDC included in RWDC severity calculations

Appendix B 109
Appendix B - Data tables
Hours worked Fatalities LWDCs RWDCs MTCs

Region Data type Operations FAR LTIF TRIR
(thousands) (number) (number) (number) (number)
Company Onshore 87 856 0 9 5 11 0.00 0.10 0.29

Offshore 17 839 0 8 16 9 0.00 0.45 1.86
Africa
Contractor Onshore 349 144 3 93 58 113 0.86 0.27 0.77

Offshore 125 625 2 56 93 110 1.59 0.46 2.09
Subtotal 580 464 5 166 172 243 0.86 0.29 1.02
Company Onshore 132 135 0 14 8 35 0.00 0.11 0.45
Asia/Australasia
Offshore 41 953 0 7 11 13 0.00 0.17 0.76

Offshore 234 936 5 55 92 91 2.13 0.26 1.05
Subtotal 1 077 835 11 175 318 574 1.02 0.17 1.01
Company Onshore 105 478 2 42 19 42 1.90 0.42 1.03
Offshore 33 477 0 26 11 41 0.00 0.78 2.36
Europe

Offshore 133 386 1 167 122 274 0.75 1.26 4.24
Subtotal 385 335 4 307 203 448 1.04 0.81 2.59
Company Onshore 47 806 0 4 0 16 0.00 0.08 0.43
Offshore 9 852 0 2 1 0 0.00 0.20 0.30
FSU

Offshore 36 039 0 0 14 9 0.00 0.00 0.64
Subtotal 248 328 2 42 39 61 0.81 0.18 0.59
Company Onshore 84 262 0 12 5 31 0.00 0.14 0.60
MIddle East
Offshore 10 278 0 4 4 8 0.00 0.39 1.56

Offshore 61 718 0 9 15 35 0.00 0.15 0.96
Subtotal 607 954 2 104 115 293 0.33 0.17 0.86
Company Onshore 220 723 0 56 37 101 0.00 0.25 1.15
North America
Offshore 76 633 3 25 5 12 3.91 0.37 1.38

Offshore 222 243 2 91 44 70 0.90 0.42 1.87
Subtotal 1 025 254 16 388 407 867 1.56 0.39 2.40
Company Onshore 41 569 0 15 10 33 0.00 0.36 1.43
South & Central
Offshore 35 711 0 17 0 28 0.00 0.48 1.27

America

Offshore 187 232 2 159 80 426 1.07 0.86 3.57
Subtotal 440 789 5 336 219 675 1.13 0.77 2.82
Company Onshore 719 829 2 152 84 269 0.28 0.21 0.77
Offshore 225 743 3 89 48 111 1.33 0.41 1.40
Overall
Contractor Onshore 2 419 208 28 740 881 1766 1.16 0.32 1.47

Offshore 1 001 179 12 537 460 1015 1.20 0.55 2.31
Grand Total 4 365 959 45 1 518 1 473 3 161 1.03 0.36 1.54
Table B.1: Summary of 2014 data

Hours worked Fatalities LWDCs RWDCs MTCs FAR LTIF TRIR

(thousands)
Company 945 572 5 241 132 380 0.53 0.26 0.90
Contractor 3 420 387 40 1 277 1 341 2 781 1.17 0.39 1.70
Onshore 3 139 037 30 892 965 2 035 0.96 0.29 1.33
Offshore 1 226 922 15 626 508 1 126 1.22 0.52 2.16
Table B.2: Summary of 2014 data, company, contractor, onshore, offshore
The following data are presented in relation to the sections where they were used.
Section 1 Summary
Intentionally excluded.
Section 2 Overall results

Year Company Contractor Overall Onshore Offshore
2005 1.25 4.36 3.53 3.94 1.99
2006 2.04 4.54 3.92 4.64 1.58
2007 1.65 3.39 2.99 3.01 2.92
2008 2.81 3.20 3.12 3.38 2.25
2009 1.58 3.11 2.76 2.75 2.78
2010 3.17 2.64 2.76 2.62 3.16
2011 1.33 2.03 1.88 1.94 1.67
2012 1.58 2.59 2.38 2.87 0.89
2013 1.83 2.20 2.12 1.70 3.27
2014 0.53 1.17 1.03 0.96 1.22
Hours 2014 (thousands) 945 572 3 420 387 4 365 959 3 139 037 1 226 922
Table B.3: Fatal accident rate (2005–2014)

2005 1.72 3.96 3.36 3.62 2.38
2006 1.91 4.04 3.51 4.10 1.58
2007 1.35 2.85 2.51 2.74 1.69
2008 2.53 2.47 2.48 2.71 1.72
2009 1.22 2.06 1.87 1.86 1.90
2010 1.10 1.86 1.70 1.70 1.69
2011 0.80 1.63 1.45 1.57 1.03
2012 0.79 1.57 1.41 1.58 0.89
2013 0.85 1.22 1.14 0.94 1.68
2014 0.32 1.14 0.96 0.92 1.06
Hours 2014 (thousands) 945 572 3 420 387 4 365 959 3 139 037 1 226 922
Table B.4: Fatal incidents per 100 million work hours (2005–2014)
Appendix B 111

2005 1.76 3.50 3.05 2.82 3.87
2006 1.85 3.24 2.92 2.68 3.66
2007 2.41 2.76 2.68 2.51 3.26
2008 1.49 2.23 2.08 1.75 3.09
2009 1.28 1.89 1.75 1.45 2.79
2010 1.19 1.81 1.68 1.41 2.45
2011 1.32 1.88 1.76 1.45 2.84
2012 1.12 1.90 1.74 1.49 2.53
2013 0.95 1.77 1.60 1.33 2.34
2014 0.90 1.70 1.54 1.33 2.16
Hours 2014 (thousands) 779 552 3 132 246 3 908 798 2 902 277 1 006 521
Table B.5: Total recordable injury rate (2005–2014)

2005 0.83 1.02 0.97 0.92 1.12
2006 0.89 1.03 0.99 0.95 1.13
2007 0.54 0.70 0.66 0.62 0.82
2008 0.52 0.56 0.55 0.47 0.81
2009 0.44 0.46 0.45 0.38 0.70
2010 0.41 0.42 0.42 0.35 0.62
2011 0.42 0.43 0.43 0.34 0.74
2012 0.47 0.49 0.48 0.38 0.81
2013 0.40 0.47 0.45 0.34 0.77
2014 0.26 0.39 0.36 0.29 0.52
Hours 2014 (thousands) 945 572 3 420 387 4 365 959 3 139 037 1 226 922
Table B.6: Lost time injury frequency (2005–2014)
Category Company Contractor Overall Onshore Offshore % of total

Assault or violent act 0 0 0 0 0 0.0
Caught in, under or between 0 7 7 4 3 15.6
Confined space 0 1 1 1 0 2.2
Cut, puncture, scrape 0 0 0 0 0 0.0
Explosions or burns 3 6 9 6 3 20.0
Exposure electrical 2 1 3 2 1 6.7
0 0 0 0 0 0.0
Falls from height 0 5 5 1 4 11.1
Overexertion, strain 0 0 0 0 0 0.0
Pressure release 0 1 1 1 0 2.2
Slips and trips (at same height) 0 0 0 0 0 0.0
Struck by 0 15 15 13 2 33.3
Water related, drowning 0 3 3 1 2 6.7
Other 0 1 1 1 0 2.2
Overall 5 40 45 30 15
Table B.7: Fatalities by category (2014)

Activity Company Contractor Overall Onshore Offshore % of total

0 6 6 5 1 13.3
decommissioning
Diving, subsea, ROV 0 0 0 0 0 0.0
Drilling, workover, well services 3 13 16 9 7 35.6
Lifting, crane, rigging, deck
0 6 6 3 3 13.3
operations
Maintenance, inspection, testing 2 2 4 3 1 8.9
Office, warehouse,
0 0 0 0 0 0.0
Production operations 0 3 3 2 1 6.7
Seismic/survey operations 0 1 1 1 0 2.2
Transport – Air 0 0 0 0 0 0.0
Transport – Land 0 6 6 6 0 13.3
Transport – Water, incl. marine
0 2 2 0 2 4.4
activity
Unspecified – other 0 1 1 1 0 2.2
Overall 5 40 45 30 15
Table B.8: Fatalities by activity (2014)
Category Company Contractor Overall Onshore Offshore % of total

Assault or violent act 2 8 10 8 2 0.7
Caught in, under or between 34 308 342 181 161 22.5
Confined space 0 1 1 1 0 0.1
Cut, puncture, scrape 9 65 74 41 33 4.9
Explosions or burns 7 48 55 37 18 3.6
Exposure electrical 3 14 17 6 11 1.1
2 12 14 10 4 0.9
Falls from height 30 144 174 109 65 11.5
Overexertion, strain 14 78 92 53 39 6.1
Pressure release 1 6 7 3 4 0.5
Slips and trips (at same height) 72 204 276 171 105 18.2
Struck by 56 297 353 195 158 23.3
Water related, drowning 1 0 1 1 0 0.1
Other 10 92 102 76 26 6.7
Overall 241 1 277 1 518 892 626
Table B.9: Lost work day cases by category (2014)

Appendix B 113
Activity Company Contractor Overall Onshore Offshore % of total

7 131 138 98 40 9.1
decommissioning
Diving, subsea, ROV 1 8 9 4 5 0.6
Drilling, workover, well services 40 340 380 234 146 25.0
Lifting, crane, rigging, deck operations 5 105 110 45 65 7.2
Maintenance, inspection, testing 37 203 240 105 135 15.8
Office, warehouse, accommodation,
31 83 114 76 38 7.5
catering
Production operations 74 184 258 180 78 17.0
Seismic/survey operations 0 19 19 16 3 1.3
Transport – Air 1 3 4 2 2 0.3
Transport – Land 9 37 46 41 5 3.0
Transport – Water, incl. marine activity 4 73 77 10 67 5.1
Unspecified – other 32 91 123 81 42 8.1
Overall 241 1 277 1 518 892 626
Table B.10: Lost work day cases by activity (2014)
Average number of days lost per LWDC

Year
2005 25.6 23.7 24.2 24.5 23.1
2006 20.6 26.2 24.9 24.7 25.5
2007 32.7 35.6 35.0 33.0 42.0
2008 35.2 34.6 34.7 32.1 41.0
2009 35.3 38.3 37.5 34.8 44.4
2010 35.4 46.0 43.9 39.4 52.6
2011 41.1 42.6 42.3 39.8 46.4
2012 38.8 41.3 40.7 36.8 46.0
2013 43.5 42.9 43.0 35.8 51.2
2014 51.6 40.3 42.2 39.9 45.5
Table B.11: Lost work day case severity (2014)

Year
2005 12.5 13.8 13.7 14.7 9.6
2006 11.8 11.1 11.2 10.3 13.0
2007 15.3 10.5 10.9 8.9 16.0
2008 16.1 13.4 13.7 13.3 14.4
2009 15.3 13.8 13.9 12.4 15.8
2010 14.7 13.8 13.9 13.6 14.4
2011 12.9 10.2 10.4 11.7 8.6
2012 13.8 12.1 12.2 11.5 13.4
2013 17.2 14.2 14.5 15.4 13.0
2014 14.6 11.6 11.8 12.2 11.2
Table B.12: Restricted work day case severity (2014)

Rule Fatal incidents Core Rule

Confined space 1 yes
Isolation 2 yes
Journey management 4 yes
Permit to work 3 yes
Seat belt 0 yes
Speeding/phone 1 yes
Suspended load 0 yes
Work at height 5 yes
Dropped objects 7
Drugs and alcohol 0
Excavation 0
Gas test 1
Lift plan 1
Line of fire – safe area 6
Overhead power lines 1
PPE (Including flotation device) 1
Smoking 0
System override 0
No appropriate Rule 2
Insufficient information to assign a Rule 7
Overall 42
Table B.13: Life-Saving Rules attributable to fatal incidents (2014)
Section 3 Results by region

Fatalities FAR Fatal Incidents
Region
2014 2013 2014 2013 2014 2013
Africa 5 27 0.86 4.53 5 9
Asia/Australasia 11 8 1.02 0.87 10 7
Europe 4 9 1.04 2.26 4 5
FSU 2 3 0.81 1.25 2 3
Middle East 2 4 0.33 0.63 2 4
North America 16 12 1.56 2.03 14 10
South & Central America 5 17 1.13 4.37 5 5
Overall 45 80 1.03 2.12 42 43
Table B.14: Fatalities, fatal incidents and fatal accident rate by region (2013 & 2014)
Appendix B 115
Region 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010

Africa 0.86 4.53 2.83 1.25 3.38
Europe 1.04 2.26 0.52 0.87 0.97
FSU 0.81 1.25 0.55 1.59 2.17
Middle East 0.33 0.63 1.95 1.74 1.63
North America 1.56 2.03 7.50 1.50 5.08
Overall 1.03 2.12 2.38 1.88 2.76
Table B.15: Fatal accident rate by region (2010–2014)
Africa Asia/ Europe FSU Middle North South & Central Overall
Year
Australasia East America America
2009 1.65 1.22 3.48 1.21 0.92 3.08 3.17 1.75
2010 1.40 1.30 3.05 1.08 0.98 2.89 2.76 1.68
2011 1.22 1.46 2.81 0.99 0.78 3.19 3.17 1.77
2012 1.14 1.37 2.64 0.99 1.02 2.82 3.05 1.74
2013 1.05 0.97 2.58 0.81 0.90 2.58 3.13 1.60
2014 1.02 1.01 2.58 0.59 0.86 2.40 2.82 1.54
Table B.16: Total recordable injury rate by region (2009–2014)
Year
2009 0.42 0.29 1.31 0.35 0.26 0.51 0.69 0.45
2010 0.36 0.29 1.06 0.31 0.25 0.48 0.61 0.42
2011 0.30 0.30 1.08 0.31 0.18 0.59 0.64 0.43
2012 0.33 0.26 0.91 0.28 0.24 0.94 0.69 0.48
2013 0.31 0.15 1.02 0.33 0.21 0.74 0.85 0.45
2014 0.29 0.17 0.81 0.18 0.17 0.39 0.77 0.36
Table B.17: Lost time injury frequency by region (2009–2014)
Thousand work hours

Year Africa Asia/ Europe FSU Middle North South & Central Overall
2005 472 879 348 806 191 127 443 782 383 968 224 603 315 505 2 380 670
2006 473 646 473 100 282 856 451 036 447 657 302 632 506 047 2 936 974
2007 496 830 540 809 296 407 418 534 553 424 285 769 321 028 2 912 801
2008 499 818 562 677 310 258 444 115 835 031 304 046 348 223 3 304 168
2009 542 110 697 524 319 176 350 794 1 018 682 320 541 337 015 3 585 842
2010 562 121 725 171 308 870 461 827 676 337 295 339 381 479 3 411 144
2011 558 573 609 466 344 762 439 420 690 171 400 902 412 784 3 456 078
2012 600 478 741 523 384 668 363 944 666 915 560 027 373 485 3 691 040
2013 595 637 919 063 398 820 240 596 637 244 590 089 389 097 3 770 546
2014 580 464 1 077 835 385 335 248 328 607 954 1 025 254 440 789 4 365 959
Table B.18: Work hours reported by region (2005–2014)

Year
2005 7.0 2.1 3.5 6.6 4.9 4.5 3.8 4.7
2006 6.6 1.8 3.5 6.3 4.3 4.0 3.9 4.4
2007 6.0 1.5 3.0 5.5 4.2 3.6 3.8 4.1
2008 5.1 1.4 3.5 5.2 3.6 2.8 3.9 3.7
2009 4.1 1.4 4.6 4.4 2.8 2.4 3.7 3.2
2010 3.8 2.1 4.0 3.7 2.5 3.1 3.3 3.1
2011 2.9 2.3 3.4 2.9 2.3 2.7 2.9 2.7
2012 2.8 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.0 4.4 2.4 2.6
2013 2.9 2.1 2.2 1.8 1.7 4.1 2.3 2.4
2014 2.6 1.9 1.2 1.4 1.3 3.2 2.0 2.0
Table B.19: Fatal accident rate five-year rolling averages by region (2005–2014)
Year
2005 3.0 2.1 6.4 1.9 3.6 6.5 5.2 3.8
2006 3.0 1.9 6.0 1.9 3.3 5.7 4.5 3.4
2007 2.9 1.7 5.3 2.2 3.0 5.2 4.1 3.2
2008 2.8 1.6 4.7 2.1 1.9 4.9 3.8 2.8
2009 2.2 1.4 4.3 1.9 1.5 4.4 3.5 2.4
2010 2.0 1.4 3.9 1.8 1.3 4.0 3.2 2.2
2011 1.7 1.3 3.4 1.6 1.1 3.6 3.1 2.0
2012 1.5 1.3 3.1 1.1 0.9 3.2 3.1 1.8
2013 1.3 1.2 2.9 1.0 0.9 2.9 3.1 1.7
2014 1.2 1.2 2.7 0.9 0.9 2.7 3.0 1.7
Table B.20: Total recordable injury rate five-year rolling averages by region (2005–2014)
Year
2005 0.8 0.5 2.0 0.8 1.2 1.2 2.3 1.2
2006 0.7 0.4 1.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 2.2 1.1
2007 0.7 0.4 1.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 2.0 1.0
2008 0.7 0.3 1.5 0.7 0.6 0.8 1.7 0.8
2009 0.6 0.3 1.5 0.6 0.4 0.7 1.4 0.7
2010 0.5 0.3 1.4 0.5 0.4 0.6 1.2 0.6
2011 0.5 0.3 1.2 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.5
2012 0.4 0.3 1.1 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.5
2013 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.7 0.5
2014 0.3 0.2 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.4
Table B.21: Lost time injury frequency five-year rolling averages by region (2005–2014)
Appendix B 117

Year Africa Asia/ Europe FSU Middle North South & Central Overall
2009 23.1 31.8 42.3 32.6 20.4 38.9 68.9 37.5
2010 27.2 27.6 32.8 42.2 14.7 46.6 98.5 43.9
2011 27.6 26.7 44.5 46.4 12.3 31.3 71.6 42.3
2012 35.9 24.2 38.1 41.4 26.2 36.7 69.5 40.7
2013 29.2 30.4 42.3 51.0 13.6 49.6 60.3 43.0
2014 33.2 31.0 33.8 64.8 34.6 49.2 49.1 42.2
Table B.22: Severity of lost work day cases by region (2009–2014)
Country 2014 2013 2012

Liberia 8.58 0.00 5.24
Morocco 4.53 9.62 4.67
Ivory coast 4.18 2.74 8.33
Senegal 4.08 0.00 0.00
D.R. of the Congo (formerly Zaire) 3.05 2.33 2.54
Kenya 2.53 4.29 2.59
Algeria 2.32 1.81 1.27
Gabon 1.90 2.35 2.29
Tunisia 1.77 3.38 3.38
Mauritania 1.63 3.10 1.25
Angola 1.40 1.10 1.48
Tanzania 1.35 2.03 3.47
Mozambique 1.22 1.52 2.75
Equatorial Guinea 1.19 1.34 1.50
Africa average 1.02
Uganda 1.01 1.71 2.43
Congo 0.95 0.82 1.38
Ghana 0.91 1.95 1.91
Libya 0.84 0.97 0.91
Egypt 0.71 0.77 0.71
Nigeria 0.35 0.31 0.51
South Africa 0.00 4.43 2.51
Namibia 0.00 0.00 n/a
Madagascar 0.00 0.00 4.10
Data only included in TRIR calculations where medical treatment cases are reported.
Table B.23: Total recordable injury rate by country – Africa (2012–2014)

Country 2014 2013 2012

New Zealand 5.05 11.06 10.87
Japan 4.83 0.44 1.47
Australia 2.08 2.64 4.45
Brunei 1.55 0.00 1.37
Papua New Guinea 1.46 0.91 1.61
Asia-Australasia average 1.01
India 1.00 0.63 1.51
Myanmar 1.00 1.01 1.81
Thailand 0.96 0.89 1.11
South Korea 0.91 0.59 0.85
Malaysia 0.57 0.72 0.88
Indonesia 0.46 0.49 0.59
Philippines 0.46 0.19 0.93
China 0.38 0.66 0.51
Singapore 0.33 2.43 0.00
Vietnam 0.32 0.35 2.08
Pakistan 0.25 0.35 1.05
Table B.24: Total recordable injury rate by country – Asia/Australasia (2012–2014)
Country 2014 2013 2012

Denmark 7.39 6.07 5.04
Malta 5.29 n/a n/a
Germany 4.86 4.17 4.51
Ireland 3.74 3.95 2.11
Netherlands 3.39 2.71 2.48
Norway 3.25 3.05 2.99
Croatia 3.06 3.55 1.59
Europe average 2.58
UK 2.30 2.54 2.83
Hungary 2.03 1.28 3.12
Cyprus 1.88 0.00 n/a
France 1.08 0.99 0.49
Spain 1.06 0.98 1.29
Romania 0.90 0.83 1.08
Italy 0.80 1.01 1.62
Poland 0.00 3.47 6.11
Table B.25: Total recordable injury rate by country – Europe (2012–2014)

Appendix B 119
Country 2014 2013 2012

Russia 0.80 0.72 1.14
FSU average 0.59
Kazakhstan 0.54 0.80 0.84
Azerbaijan 0.40 1.24 0.81
Turkmenistan 0.19 0.11 0.64
Ukraine 0.00 2.62 3.55
Table B.26: Total recordable injury rate by country – FSU (2012–2014)
Country 2014 2013 2012

Turkey 4.53 0.86 3.48
Iraq 1.53 2.11 2.52
Oman 1.24 0.73 2.17
Qatar 0.94 1.04 1.17
Middle East average 0.86
Yemen 0.84 1.05 1.28
Kuwait 0.72 0.32 0.83
UAE 0.53 1.00 0.74
Iran 0.00 0.00 0.00
Data only included in TRIR calculations where medical treatment cases are reported..
Table B.27: Total recordable injury rate by country – Middle East (2012–2014)
Country 2014 2013 2012

Canada 2.49 2.63 2.91
North America average 2.40
USA 2.37 2.57 2.80
Mexico 0.00 0.00 0.00
Table B.28: Total recordable injury rate by country – North America (2012–2014)
Country 2014 2013 2012

Venezuela 6.04 1.27 0.84
Uruguay 5.68 17.90 0.00
Brazil 3.13 3.35 3.21
South & Central America average 2.82
Colombia 2.69 1.24 2.23
Ecuador 2.49 1.61 2.13
Argentina 2.05 1.74 1.91
Bolivia 1.73 2.27 3.24
Peru 1.55 4.70 4.32
Trinidad & Tobago 1.33 2.08 2.25
Table B.29: Total recordable injury rate by country – South & Central America (2012–2014)
LTIF Fatality
Country
2014 2013 2012 2014
Ivory Coast 2.79 0.00 3.33 No
Algeria 1.53 1.00 0.24 Yes
Tunisia 1.07 1.47 1.61 Yes
Senegal 1.02 0.00 0.00 No
Kenya 0.99 0.83 0.43 No
Mauritania 0.82 0.77 0.63 No
Morocco 0.57 4.81 4.67 No
D.R. of the Congo (Formerly Zaire) 0.54 0.97 0.63 No
Tanzania 0.45 1.27 0.87 No
Gabon 0.39 0.57 0.70 No
Mozambique 0.30 0.35 0.78 No
Africa Average 0.29
Egypt 0.25 0.26 0.27 No
Congo 0.24 0.15 0.34 Yes
Angola 0.23 0.16 0.23 No
Equatorial Guinea 0.22 0.45 0.32 No
Libya 0.19 0.31 0.54 No
Ghana 0.15 0.60 1.43 No
Nigeria 0.10 0.10 0.15 Yes
South Africa 0.00 0.00 0.00 No
Namibia 0.00 0.00 0.00 No
Madagascar 0.00 0.00 0.00 No
Uganda 0.00 0.50 0.37 No
Liberia 0.00 0.00 0.00 No
Table B.30: Lost time injury frequency (2012–2014) by country – Africa

Appendix B 121
LTIF Fatality
Country
2014 2013 2012 2014
New Zealand 1.25 2.07 3.11 No
Japan 0.60 0.44 0.00 No
Vietnam 0.32 0.17 0.52 No
India 0.30 0.15 0.43 No
Myanmar 0.28 0.27 0.46 Yes
Australia 0.22 0.27 0.64 Yes
Pakistan 0.22 0.03 0.05 Yes
Malaysia 0.20 0.17 0.27 Yes
Papua New Guinea 0.19 0.04 0.13 No
China 0.17 0.23 0.26 Yes
South Korea 0.17 0.17 0.34 No
Asia-Australasia average 0.17
Thailand 0.12 0.04 0.11 No
Indonesia 0.08 0.09 0.16 Yes
Singapore 0.04 0.35 0.00 No
Brunei 0.00 0.00 0.00 No
Philippines 0.00 0.00 0.37 No
Table B.31: Lost time injury frequency (2012–2014) – Asia/Australasia
LTIF Fatality
Country
2014 2013 2012 2014
Cyprus 1.88 0.00 N/A No
Croatia 1.68 1.75 1.38 No
Germany 1.43 1.68 0.92 Yes
Denmark 1.24 0.39 1.04 No
Norway 1.04 1.13 0.98 No
Ireland 0.83 1.08 0.00 No
Europe average 0.81
Italy 0.75 1.01 1.55 No
UK 0.70 1.11 0.82 Yes
Netherlands 0.68 0.75 0.65 No
Romania 0.40 0.47 0.60 Yes
France 0.33 0.56 0.27 No
Spain 0.27 0.49 0.64 No
Hungary 0.25 0.64 1.76 No
Poland 0.00 0.00 3.66 No
Malta 0.00 N/A N/A No
Table B.32:Lost time injury frequency (2012–2014) – Europe

LTIF Fatality
Country
2014 2013 2012 2014
Russia 0.27 0.50 0.27 Yes
Kazakhstan 0.18 0.29 0.33 No
FSU average 0.18
Turkmenistan 0.09 0.00 0.32 No
Ukraine 0.00 0.00 3.55 No
Azerbaijan 0.00 0.21 0.11 No
Table B.33: Lost time injury frequency (2012–2014) – FSU
LTIF Fatality
Country
2014 2013 2012 2014
Turkey 2.28 0.00 2.61 Yes
Yemen 0.35 0.36 0.43 No
Oman 0.31 0.00 0.00 No
Iraq 0.20 0.27 1.15 No
Kuwait 0.18 0.14 0.12 No
Qatar 0.17 0.25 0.26 Yes
Middle East average 0.17
Uae 0.06 0.19 0.16 No
Iran 0.00 0.00 0.00 No
Table B.34: Lost time injury frequency (2012–2014) – Middle East
LTIF Fatality
Country
2014 2013 2012 2014
Usa 0.44 0.58 0.56 Yes
North America average 0.39
Mexico 0.37 3.14 6.98 Yes
Canada 0.32 0.25 0.35 Yes
Table B.35: Lost time injury frequency (2012–2014) – North America
LTIF Fatality
Country
2014 2013 2012 2014
Venezuela 2.12 0.84 0.21 No
Brazil 0.84 0.90 0.78 Yes
Colombia 0.78 0.15 0.35 Yes
Peru 0.77 2.03 0.62 No
South & Central America average 0.77
Argentina 0.48 0.29 0.15 Yes
Trinidad & Tobago 0.37 0.43 0.63 No
Ecuador 0.36 0.36 0.16 No
Bolivia 0.26 0.22 0.76 No
Uruguay 0.00 15.35 0.00 No
Table B.36: Lost time injury frequency (2012–2014) – South & Central America
Appendix B 123
Section 4 Results by function
2014 2013
Function
Fatal incidents Fatalities Fatal incidents Fatalities
Exploration 1 1 3 3
Drilling 17 19 15 15
Production 14 15 17 33
Construction 8 8 6 18
Overall 42 45 43 80
Table B.37: Number of fatalities and fatal incidents in 2013 & 2014 by function
Hours (thousands)
Function
2014 2013 2012 2011 2010
Exploration 117 859 95 197 84 947 74 306 83 397
Drilling 706 179 579 757 672 728 642 462 518 505
Production 1 628 568 1 313 488 1 220 365 1 208 473 965 145
Construction 1 001 301 930 481 911 045 839 178 869 540
Unspecified 911 052 851 623 801 955 691 659 974 557
Overall 4 365 959 3 770 546 3 691 040 3 456 078 3 411 144
Table B.38: Exposure hours by function (2010–2014)
Year Exploration Drilling Production Construction Unspecified Overall

2009 6.15 4.24 3.76 2.76 3.23
2010 4.54 5.06 3.54 1.87 2.80 3.08
2011 1.91 3.82 3.35 1.80 2.35 2.69
2012 2.42 3.43 2.90 1.69 2.62 2.57
2013 2.50 3.19 2.58 1.71 2.30 2.38
2014 1.97 2.92 1.82 1.56 2.03 1.99
The method of calculating rolling averages changed with the publication of 2010 data. Historic figures presented above have been
recalculated accordingly.
Table B.39: Fatal accident rate – five-year rolling averages by function (2009–2014)

2009 3.26 4.59 4.85 1.49 1.65 2.76
2010 1.20 6.36 2.07 1.15 3.08 2.76
2011 0.00 1.87 2.65 1.91 0.72 1.88
2012 4.71 1.78 1.23 2.09 4.74 2.38
2013 3.15 2.59 2.51 1.93 1.29 2.12
2014 0.85 2.69 0.92 0.80 0.22 1.03
The method of calculating FAR on a functional basis has changed with the publication of 2010 data to use the incident function instead
of the function of the victim. Historic figures presented above have been recalculated accordingly.
Table B.40: Fatal accident rate by function (2009–2014)


2009 2.87 4.87 2.93 1.99 2.43
2010 2.73 4.16 2.66 1.21 1.78 2.17
2011 2.74 3.62 2.41 1.06 1.54 1.97
2012 2.63 3.14 2.18 1.04 1.34 1.80
2013 2.24 2.96 2.01 1.06 1.17 1.71
2014 2.05 2.83 1.91 1.13 1.01 1.66
Table B.41: Total recordable injury rate – five-year rolling averages by function (2009–2014)

2009 2.31 3.81 2.32 0.78 1.53 1.75
2010 2.30 2.94 2.14 0.99 1.13 1.68
2011 2.70 2.84 2.05 1.13 0.95 1.76
2012 2.14 2.59 1.92 1.32 1.21 1.74
2013 1.87 3.05 1.75 1.13 0.90 1.60
2014 1.48 2.78 1.75 1.08 0.85 1.54
Table B.42: Total recordable injury rate by function (2009–2014)

2009 0.81 1.37 0.89 0.55 0.70
2010 0.68 1.19 0.77 0.29 0.48 0.60
2011 0.60 0.96 0.64 0.25 0.35 0.50
2012 0.56 0.88 0.58 0.23 0.34 0.47
2013 0.56 0.84 0.55 0.22 0.31 0.45
2014 0.50 0.81 0.50 0.21 0.27 0.43
Table B.43: Lost time injury frequency – five-year rolling averages by function (2009–2014)

2009 0.47 1.02 0.64 0.21 0.36 0.45
2010 0.42 0.82 0.54 0.24 0.25 0.42
2011 0.53 0.70 0.55 0.21 0.22 0.43
2012 0.60 0.81 0.49 0.24 0.46 0.48
2013 0.74 0.94 0.53 0.21 0.24 0.45
2014 0.30 0.78 0.40 0.17 0.17 0.36
Table B.44: Lost time injury frequency by function (2009–2014)

Appendix B 125

Year
Exploration Drilling Production Construction Unspecified Overall
2009 45.5 44.3 38.4 34.7 29.9 37.5
2010 28.7 55.8 49.8 27.3 22.6 43.9
2011 42.4 51.8 40.4 36.4 22.8 42.3
2012 37.6 50.3 39.6 36.8 26.2 40.7
2013 27.0 51.4 47.5 23.7 27.7 43.0
2014 32.1 49.6 41.5 31.9 31.2 42.2
Table B.45: Severity of lost work day cases by function (2009–2014)
TRIR Work hours (thousands)

Region Company Contractor Company Contractor
2014 2009–2013 2014 2009–2013 2014
Africa 0.00 0.57 1.29 2.11 2 931 17 030
Asia/Australasia 0.19 0.51 0.89 2.30 5 298 24 731
Europe 0.00 0.83 1.53 2.45 3 781 3 272
FSU 4.05 1.69 0.44 1.43 247 4 554
Middle East 0.57 0.66 2.41 2.04 1 742 10 355
North America 0.82 0.67 2.50 4.31 6 114 11 189
South & Central America 0.00 0.76 3.58 5.46 630 11 166
Overall 0.39 0.67 1.75 2.80 20 743 82 297
Table B.46: Exploration TRIR by region for companies and contractors (2014 & 2009–2013) and the
number of related work hours for companies and contractors for 2014 only
LTIF Work hours (thousands)

2014 2009–2013 2014 2009–2013 2014
Africa 0.00 0.16 0.47 0.48 2 996 17 190
Europe 0.00 0.48 0.31 1.22 4 465 3 272
FSU 0.00 0.79 0.41 0.69 247 4 925
Middle East 0.00 0.64 0.47 0.53 1 821 10 695
North America 0.00 0.08 0.10 2.03 8 262 20 716
South & Central America 0.00 0.21 1.12 0.97 722 11 608
Overall 0.00 0.30 0.37 0.65 24 201 93 658
Table B.47: Exploration LTIF by region for companies and contractors (2014 & 2009–2013) and the

2014 2009–2013 2014 2009–2013 2014
Africa 0.66 1.03 2.07 3.06 6 019 79 235
Europe 1.91 2.14 4.50 5.34 10 447 44 186
FSU 0.51 1.73 1.17 1.31 1 965 30 882
Middle East 0.45 1.19 3.30 2.63 4 400 39 966
North America 0.48 0.32 3.68 4.57 10 507 134 729
South & Central America 1.22 1.55 4.03 4.40 10 667 96 144
Overall 0.92 1.44 2.97 3.19 54 411 548 528
Table B.48: Drilling TRIR by region for companies and contractors (2014 & 2009–2013) and the

2014 2009–2013 2014 2009–2013 2014
Africa 0.00 0.34 0.61 0.93 6 416 81 344
Europe 0.73 1.24 1.56 2.12 10 966 44 310
FSU 0.00 0.49 0.48 0.34 2 025 31 057
Middle East 0.22 0.59 0.71 0.55 4 530 40 608
North America 0.73 1.59 0.78 0.95 56 011 184 417
Overall 0.55 0.79 0.82 0.85 101 831 604 348
Table B.49: Drilling LTIF by region for companies and contractors (2014 & 2009–2013) and the

2014 2009–2013 2014 2009–2013 2014
Africa 0.92 1.14 1.07 1.17 42 525 173 719
Europe 2.00 1.92 4.04 4.46 63 047 96 326
FSU 0.33 0.70 0.66 0.70 33 137 60 560
Middle East 0.72 1.59 0.56 1.25 41 598 133 602
North America 2.47 2.84 3.29 3.61 54 567 148 516
Overall 1.35 1.65 1.89 2.16 357 446 1 040 555
Table B.50: Production TRIR by region for companies and contractors (2014 & 2009–2013) and the
Appendix B 127

2014 2009–2013 2014 2009–2013 2014
Africa 0.18 0.32 0.34 0.32 44 990 175 816
Europe 0.79 0.84 1.15 1.47 65 504 101 372
FSU 0.09 0.30 0.16 0.18 33 637 61 828
Middle East 0.19 0.58 0.09 0.30 42 604 137 729
North America 0.25 0.80 0.44 0.82 121 768 279 259
Overall 0.33 0.56 0.43 0.54 434 407 1 194 161
Table B.51: Production LTIF by region for companies and contractors (2014 & 2009–2013) and the

2014 2009–2013 2014 2009–2013 2014
Africa 0.18 0.36 1.27 1.46 11 145 56 802
Europe 0.95 0.36 2.23 2.90 7 376 53 408
FSU 0.31 0.70 0.43 0.93 3 262 53 144
Middle East 0.00 0.39 0.64 0.45 9 757 246 654
North America 0.33 0.45 2.10 2.87 9 018 73 010
Overall 0.23 0.47 1.14 1.10 61 732 871 977
Table B.52: Construction TRIR by region for companies and contractors (2014 & 2009–2013) and the

2014 2009–2013 2014 2009–2013 2014
Africa 0.00 0.06 0.26 0.33 11 145 56 802
Europe 0.25 0.12 0.71 0.87 7 952 53 528
FSU 0.31 0.25 0.13 0.31 3 262 53 144
Middle East 0.00 0.14 0.07 0.11 13 984 248 471
North America 0.00 0.07 0.20 0.38 12 304 126 689
Overall 0.06 0.13 0.17 0.23 71 642 929 659
Table B.53: Construction LTIF by region for companies and contractors (2014 & 2009–2013) and the

2014 2009–2013 2014 2009–2013 2014
Africa 0.32 0.53 0.57 0.85 34 507 143 100
Europe 0.56 0.79 1.56 2.21 46 289 42 203
FSU 0.49 0.95 0.51 0.96 18 261 39 511
Middle East 0.96 0.79 0.75 1.85 31 199 75 636
North America 0.50 0.92 1.64 2.77 80 120 111 843
Overall 0.52 0.74 1.00 1.37 282 220 588 889
Table B.54: Unspecified TRIR by region for companies and contractors (2014 & 2009–2013) and the

2014 2009–2013 2014 2009–2013 2014
Africa 0.22 0.14 0.15 0.20 40 148 143 617
Europe 0.16 0.39 0.36 0.72 50 068 43 898
FSU 0.11 0.32 0.10 0.31 18 487 39 716
Middle East 0.22 0.19 0.34 0.43 31 601 75 911
North America 0.12 0.33 0.22 0.66 99 011 116 817
Overall 0.14 0.26 0.19 0.33 313 491 598 561
Table B.55: Unspecified LTIF by region for companies and contractors (2014 & 2009–2013) and the
Appendix B 129
Section 5 Results by company

FAR TRIR LTIF
Company code
FAR Total TRIR Total Company Contractor LTIF Total Company Contractor
A 0.00 4.34 1.76 6.45 1.97 1.32 2.51
B 13.41 4.83 3.64 5.64 1.48 1.32 1.58
C 0.00 4.22 1.66 6.41 1.15 0.00 2.14
D 1.99 3.31 2.09 3.74 1.14 0.76 1.28
E 2.27 3.86 1.51 4.25 1.08 0.48 1.18
F 0.00 1.34 1.56 1.32 1.07 0.39 1.12
G 0.00 3.79 0.89 4.62 0.96 0.00 1.23
H 3.88 4.57 1.31 5.14 0.93 0.79 0.95
I 1.02 3.20 1.42 3.56 0.87 0.50 0.94
J 9.82 2.96 2.05 3.80 0.79 0.77 0.79
K 4.28 3.25 2.97 3.33 0.79 0.51 0.87
L 0.00 3.97 2.07 4.74 0.73 0.58 0.80
M 9.15 1.37 0.92 1.48 0.73 0.46 0.80
N 0.00 3.88 2.56 4.33 0.65 0.00 0.87
O 0.00 3.81 2.65 4.14 0.63 0.20 0.75
P 0.00 2.77 1.86 3.07 0.60 0.72 0.57
Q 0.00 1.97 0.74 2.24 0.59 0.00 0.71
R 0.00 1.83 0.27 2.14 0.58 0.00 0.70
S 2.31 1.29 1.17 1.38 0.53 0.64 0.46
T 0.00 4.47 2.57 6.24 0.50 0.51 0.48
U 7.03 1.97 1.21 2.20 0.49 0.61 0.46
V 0.00 1.41 0.54 1.65 0.39 0.11 0.47
W 2.60 0.37 0.37 0.37
OVERALL 1.03 1.54 0.90 1.70 0.36 0.26 0.39
X 0.00 2.09 0.99 2.45 0.34 0.00 0.45
Y 3.43 0.77 0.66 0.82 0.33 0.11 0.42
Z 1.07 0.91 1.04 0.86 0.32 0.30 0.32
AA 0.45 1.34 0.44 1.61 0.32 0.16 0.36
BB 0.00 2.23 0.00 2.74 0.32 0.00 0.39
CC 0.00 1.00 1.46 0.95 0.29 0.16 0.30
DD 0.30 1.08 1.33 1.05 0.26 0.17 0.28
EE 0.47 0.64 0.21 0.78 0.26 0.17 0.29
FF 0.63 1.13 0.50 1.41 0.26 0.16 0.30
GG 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.37 0.24 0.00 0.37
HH 2.94 0.55 0.35 0.61 0.22 0.18 0.23
II 0.00 1.29 0.63 1.50 0.22 0.00 0.29
JJ 0.00 1.90 0.93 3.11 0.22 0.00 0.49
KK 0.00 0.74 1.05 0.70 0.19 0.19 0.19
LL 0.72 0.72 0.41 0.85 0.19 0.18 0.20
MM 0.00 1.44 0.43 1.70 0.18 0.06 0.21
NN 0.79 1.58 1.11 1.72 0.17 0.19 0.17
OO 0.00 0.68 0.57 0.71 0.14 0.57 0.00
PP 0.85 1.38 1.76 1.36 0.14 0.15 0.14
QQ 0.41 0.97 0.49 1.06 0.11 0.05 0.13
RR 0.00 2.42 0.74 2.92 0.10 0.00 0.13
SS 3.72 1.60 0.25 1.84 0.07 0.00 0.09
TT 0.00 0.48 0.32 0.52 0.05 0.14 0.03
UU 0.00 0.89 0.62 0.91 0.04 0.00 0.05
VV 0.00 1.60 0.89 2.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
WW 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00
XX 0.00 2.03 0.00 3.57 0.00 0.00 0.00
YY 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
ZZ 0.00 3.61 0.00 5.43 0.00 0.00 0.00
Company codes are allocated according to company & contractor LTIF performance
Table B.56: FAR, TRIR and LTIF results by company (2014)

TRIR Exploration TRIR Drilling TRIR Production TRIR Constructed

Code Total Code Total Code Total Code Total
I 13.22 H 10.20 C 8.85 A 16.61
V 4.41 D 7.25 T 8.66 O 5.68
RR 4.35 ZZ 6.97 A 7.07 G 5.34
C 3.50 KK 6.41 L 6.12 R 4.45
A 3.47 A 6.33 E 4.37 JJ 4.27
U 3.16 K 5.56 P 3.81 K 4.07
X 2.76 G 5.19 D 3.50 P 3.95
Q 2.49 T 4.93 X 3.46 H 3.90
XX 2.46 O 4.88 O 3.45 C 2.49
E 2.38 N 4.40 VV 3.23 M 2.31
K 2.02 E 4.33 H 3.10 V 1.91
AA 1.89 I 4.21 G 2.99 D 1.90
DD 1.87 XX 4.21 I 2.78 L 1.73
KK 1.83 U 4.05 K 2.63 II 1.63
NN 1.73 J 3.90 JJ 2.35 RR 1.44
II 1.68 P 3.75 NN 2.20 PP 1.40
Overall 1.48 NN 3.47 RR 2.19 AA 1.35
R 1.41 C 3.29 Q 2.09 QQ 1.27
S 1.34 RR 3.27 J 1.82 Y 1.10
P 1.28 II 3.17 AA 1.79 Overall 1.08
BB 1.25 F 3.00 Overall 1.75 SS 1.00
O 1.00 L 2.91 F 1.42 UU 1.00
CC 0.77 CC 2.84 PP 1.41 LL 0.93
Y 0.57 R 2.82 SS 1.39 U 0.86
D 0.43 Overall 2.78 V 1.18 Z 0.80
F 0.36 V 2.34 DD 1.14 NN 0.76
EE 0.35 S 2.22 FF 1.12 GG 0.63
QQ 0.19 Q 2.17 S 1.06 S 0.60
G 0.00 VV 2.17 II 1.03 DD 0.59
H 0.00 FF 2.14 EE 0.99 CC 0.56
HH 0.00 JJ 2.10 OO 0.90 FF 0.56
JJ 0.00 DD 2.08 R 0.83 EE 0.40
L 0.00 SS 2.05 TT 0.81 HH 0.33
LL 0.00 X 1.97 QQ 0.75 KK 0.22
PP 0.00 TT 1.86 U 0.70 WW 0.19
T 0.00 AA 1.74 CC 0.63 TT 0.07
TT 0.00 QQ 1.71 HH 0.58 F 0.00
Z 0.00 M 1.47 Y 0.58 T 0.00
HH 1.40 LL 0.53 VV 0.00
EE 1.15 UU 0.50 X 0.00
Z 1.15 M 0.45
LL 1.14 Z 0.39
Y 0.73 KK 0.32
PP 0.63 WW 0.20
UU 0.00 GG 0.00
YY 0.00 ZZ 0.00
Company results are sorted from worst to best for each function
Table B.57: Company TRIR results by function (2014)

Appendix B 131
Hours (thousands)
Year
1985 655 650 410 409 245 241
1986 544 053 305 637 238 416
1987 602 480 355 578 246 902
1988 616 448 363 530 252 918
1989 655 945 330 970 324 975
1990 720 652 331 986 388 666
1991 940 538 441 141 499 397
1992 944 143 431 139 513 004
1993 919 176 410 474 508 702
1994 871 973 397 258 474 715
1995 840 811 355 695 485 186
1996 911 540 360 149 551 391
1997 1 161 335 389 442 771 893
1998 1 131 229 385 619 745 610
1999 1 197 460 395 141 802 319
2000 1 633 855 571 915 1 061 940
2001 1 976 646 633 039 1 343 607
2002 2 120 829 636 414 1 484 415
2003 2 247 026 663 894 1 583 132
2004 2 290 453 638 739 1 651 714
2005 2 380 670 639 292 1 741 378
2006 2 936 974 734 425 2 202 549
2007 2 912 801 667 986 2 244 815
2008 3 304 168 712 482 2 591 686
2009 3 585 842 822 240 2 763 602
2010 3 411 144 725 673 2 685 471
2011 3 456 078 753 100 2 702 978
2012 3 691 040 759 600 2 931 440
2013 3 770 546 820 856 2 949 690
2014 4 365 959 945 572 3 420 387
Table B.58: Total work hours reported (1985–2014)
Hours (thousands)
Region
2014 2013
Africa 580 464 595 637
Asia/Australasia 1 077 835 919 063
Europe 385 335 398 820
FSU 248 328 240 596
Middle East 607 954 637 244
North America 1 025 254 590 089
South & Central America 440 789 389 097
Overall 4 365 959 3 770 546
Table B.59: Exposure hours by region (2013 & 2014)

Hours (thousands)
Region
2014 2013
Exploration 117 859 95 197
Drilling 706 179 579 757
Production 1 628 568 1 313 488
Construction 1 001 301 930 481
Overall 4 365 959 3 770 546
Table B.60: Exposure hours by function (2013 & 2014)

Appendix B 133
Appendix C – Contributing companies
Table C.1 shows the size of the database in thousands of work hours reported for each contributing
company and whether reported data include information on contractor statistics, breakdown by
function, medical treatment cases, restricted work day cases, days lost following lost work day and
restricted work day cases. All company submissions include data on numbers of fatalities and lost
work day cases.
Hours Contractor Data by LWDC RWDC

Company RWDCs
(thousands) data function days days
ADNOC 113 611 yes yes yes yes yes
ANADARKO 88 165 yes yes yes partly partly
BASHNEFT 58 313 yes yes partly yes partly
BG GROUP 89 115 yes yes yes yes yes
BHP BILLITON 29 734 yes yes yes partly partly
BP 158 204 yes yes yes no no
CAIRN ENERGY 1 545 yes yes yes yes yes
CAIRN INDIA 62 856 yes yes yes yes yes
CHEVRON 493 285 yes yes mostly mostly mostly
CNOOC 139 443 yes yes partly partly no
CONOCOPHILLIPS 157 056 yes no yes no no
DOLPHIN ENERGY 10 251 yes yes yes yes yes
DONG E&P 2 606 yes yes yes yes yes
E.ON 1 080 yes yes yes yes yes
ENI 212 827 yes yes yes yes no
EXXONMOBIL 254 475 yes yes yes no no
GALP 554 yes yes yes yes no
GDF SUEZ E&P 7 458 yes yes yes yes yes
INTERNATIONAL
GENEL 3 146 yes yes no mostly no
HESS CORPORATION 37 609 yes yes yes yes yes
HUSKY 44 318 yes yes yes yes yes
INPEX 118 132 yes yes yes yes yes
KOSMOS 1 972 yes yes yes yes yes
KUWAIT OIL COMPANY 137 785 yes yes yes yes no
MAERSK OIL 29 986 yes yes yes no no
MARATHON OIL 30 362 yes yes yes no no
COMPANY
MOL 30 541 yes yes partly no no
OIL SEARCH 14 226 yes yes yes yes yes
Hours Contractor Data by LWDC RWDC

Company RWDCs
(thousands) data function days days
OMV 86 561 yes yes yes yes yes
ORIGIN 25 805 yes yes yes partly no
PAN AMERICAN ENERGY 26 881 yes yes yes yes no
PEMEX 384 953 yes yes no yes no
PERENCO 46 749 yes yes yes yes yes
PETROBRAS 293 730 yes yes yes yes yes
PETRONAS CARIGALI 101 888 yes yes yes partly no
SDN BHD
PLUSPETROL 32 828 yes yes yes yes partly
PREMIER OIL 10 931 yes yes mostly no no
PTTEP 40 155 yes yes yes yes yes
QATAR PETROLEUM 93 886 yes yes yes yes yes
RASGAS 115 344 yes yes yes no no
REPSOL 29 129 yes yes yes yes no
RWE DEA AG 5 066 yes yes yes yes no
SASOL 4 194 yes yes no yes no
SHELL COMPANIES 334 770 yes yes partly partly partly
STATOIL 100 693 yes yes yes no no
SUNCOR 3 118 yes yes yes yes yes
TALISMAN ENERGY 28 143 yes yes yes no no
TOTAL 220 936 yes yes yes yes yes
TULLOW OIL 22 433 yes yes mostly mostly mostly
WINTERSHALL 8 061 yes yes yes yes yes
WOODSIDE 13 681 yes yes yes yes yes
YEMEN LNG 7 369 yes yes yes yes yes
A data row is a single entry for a company for one country and location (one of company onshore, company offshore, contractor onshore,
contractor offshore), e.g. A company, UK, company offshore.
yes = reported for all data rows
mostly = reported for more than 50% of data rows
partly = reported for less than 50% of data rows
no = not reported at all.
Table C.1: Data provided by contributing companies (2014)

Appendix B 135
Appendix D – Countries represented
The tabulation shows the breakdown of reported hours worked in regions and
countries. Also shown is the number of companies reporting data in each country.
The table does not necessarily show all hours worked in the exploration and
production sectors of the oil and gas industry in each country.
Country No. of companies Hours (thousands)

Algeria 11 24 138
Angola 9 102 166
Benin 1 401
Cameroun 1 7 417
Chad 1 13 758
Congo 4 42 309
D.R. of the Congo (formerly Zaire) 2 5 571
Egypt 7 55 270
Equatorial Guinea 4 9 291
Ethiopia 1 1 195
Gabon 5 31 030
Ghana 6 6 563
Guinea 1 12
Ivory Coast 3 718
Kenya 5 11 080
Liberia 3 406
Libya 13 15 490
Madagascar 3 113
Mauritania 5 3 671
Morocco 5 1 766
Mozambique 5 13 127
Namibia 3 322
Nigeria 8 206 912
Senegal 3 981
Sierra Leone 2 5
South Africa 5 822
Sudan 1 63
Tanzania 4 4 448
Togo 1 31
Tunisia 7 13 045
Uganda 3 8 343
Table D.1: Number of companies and work hours reported by country

– Africa (2014)

Australia 19 270 471
Bangladesh 1 17 598
Brunei 3 1 336
Cambodia 1 12
China 13 120 814
India 4 67 169
Indonesia 16 257 968
Japan 4 5 005
Malaysia 10 132 867
Myanmar 5 17 939
New Zealand 4 2 401
Pakistan 6 31 634
Papua New Guinea 5 36 313
Philippines 2 9 155
Singapore 7 22 384
South Korea 5 18 139
Taiwan 1 9
Thailand 7 60 355
Timor Leste 1 5
Vietnam 7 6 261
Table D.2: Number of companies and work hours reported by country – Asia/Australasia (2014)

Austria 1 2 911
Bulgaria 2 23
Croatia 2 10 129
Cyprus 2 531
Denmark 6 12 884
Faroe Islands 1 208
France 6 12 106
Germany 5 10 494
Greenland 2 25
Hungary 2 8 024
Ireland 2 2 410
Italy 5 20 007
Malta 2 189
Monaco 1 177
Netherlands 8 21 963
Norway 22 106 077
Poland 3 840
Portugal 1 9
Romania 4 55 488
Spain 3 3 769
Sweden 1 5
UK 26 117 066
Table D.3: Number of companies and work hours reported by country – Europe (2014)
Appendix B 137

Azerbaijan 5 37 230
Kazakhstan 10 119 052
Lithuania 1 8
Russia 13 80 772
Turkmenistan 4 10 762
Ukraine 4 504
Table D.4: Number of companies and work hours reported by country – FSU (2014)

Iran 2 100
Iraq 15 44 103
Jordan 1 763
Kurdistan region of Iraq 1 111
Kuwait 4 159 029
Oman 3 6 546
Palestine 1 8
Qatar 11 246 677
Saudi Arabia 1 83
Syria 2 32
Turkey 3 3 394
UAE 12 121 115
Yemen 5 25 993
Table D.5: Number of companies and work hours reported by country – Middle East (2014)

Canada 14 167 158
Mexico 5 385 112
USA 19 472 984
Table D.6: Number of companies and work hours reported by country – North America (2014)

Argentina 8 43 428
Aruba 1 82
Bolivia 4 15 600
Brazil 14 310 542
Chile 1 72
Colombia 10 8 992
Ecuador 2 5 622
Falkland Islands 1 281
French Guiana 1 18
Guatemala 1 2 700
Guyana 2 24
Honduras 1 33
Peru 5 34 895
Surinam 3 31
Trinidad & Tobago 6 13 583
Uruguay 3 176
Venezuela 7 4 710
Table D.7: Number of companies and work hours reported by country –

South & Central America (2014)
Glossary 139
Appendix E – Glossary of terms
A at the end of the facility life. Includes construction

of process plant, yard construction of structures,
Assault and violent act (as an incident/event offshore installation, hook-up and commissioning, and
category) removal of redundant process facilities.
Intentional attempt, threat or act of bodily injury by a
person or person(s) or by violent harmful actions of Construction, commissioning,
unknown intent, includes intentional acts of damage decommissioning (as a type of activity)
to property.
Activities involving the construction, fabrication and
installation of equipment, facilities or plant, testing
activities to verify design objectives or specification,
C and also disassembly, removal and disposal
Caught in, under or between (as an incident/ (decommissioning) at the end of the facility life.
event category)
Contractor
Injury where injured person is crushed or similarly
injured between machinery moving parts or other A contractor is defined as an individual or organization
objects, caught between rolling tubulars or objects performing work for the reporting company, following
being moved, crushed between a ship and a dock, verbal or written agreement. Subcontractor is
or similar incidents. Also includes vehicle incidents synonymous with contractor.
involving a rollover.
Contractor employee
Causal factors Any person employed by a contractor or contractor’s
See IOGP Report 2014su, Safety data reporting users' subcontractor(s) who is directly involved in execution
guide – 2014 data. of prescribed work under a contract with the reporting
company.
Company employee
Cut, puncture, scrape (as an incident/event
Any person employed by and on the payroll of
category)
the reporting company, including corporate and
management personnel specifically involved in E&P. Abrasions, scratches and wounds that penetrate the skin.
Persons employed under short-service contracts are
included as company employees provided they are
paid directly by the company. D
Diving operations
Confined space (as an incident/event category)
The personnel, equipment and management systems
Spaces that are considered confined because their
to support a person who dives. A person dives if they
configurations hinder the activities of employee who
enter water or any other liquid, or a chamber in which
must enter, work in, and exit them. Confined spaces
they are subject to pressure greater than 100 millibars
include, but are not limited to underground vaults,
above atmospheric pressure, and in order to survive
tanks, storage bins, manholes, pits, silos, process
in such an environment breathes air or other gas at a
vessels and pipelines.
pressure greater than atmospheric pressure. Or for
such a purpose uses a vehicle, capsule or suit where
Construction (as a work function) a sealed internal atmospheric pressure is maintained
Major construction, fabrication activities and also and where the external pressure differential is greater
disassembly, removal and disposal (decommissioning) than 100 millibars.
Diving, subsea, ROV (as a type of activity) Exposure: Noise, chemical, biological,
Operations involving diving (see definition for diving vibration (as an incident/event category)
operations), subsea equipment or activities and/or Exposure to noise, chemical substances (including
operations involving underwater remotely operated asphyxiation due to lack of oxygen not associated
vehicles (ROV). with a confined space), hazardous biological material,
vibration or radiation.
Drilling (as a work function)
All exploration, appraisal and production drilling and
workover as well as their administrative, engineering,
F
construction, materials supply and transportation Falls from height (as an incident/
aspects. It includes site preparation, rigging up event category)
and down and restoration of the drilling site upon
A person falls from one level to another.
work completion. Drilling includes ALL exploration,
appraisal and production drilling.
Drilling/workover/well services (as a type The number of company/contractor fatalities per
of activity) 100 000 000 (100 million) hours worked.
Activities involving the development, maintenance work
or remedial treatments related to an oil or gas well. Fatality
Cases that involve one or more people who died as
a result of a work-related incident or occupational
E illness.
Event
First aid case
An unplanned or uncontrolled outcome of a business
operation or activity that has or could have contributed Cases that are not sufficiently serious to be reported
to an injury, illness, physical or environmental damage. as medical treatment or more serious cases but
nevertheless require minor first aid treatment, e.g.
dressing on a minor cut, removal of a splinter from a
Exploration (as a work function)
finger. First aid cases are not recordable incidents.
Geophysical, seismographic and geological
operations, including their administrative and
engineering aspects, construction, maintenance, H
materials supply, and transportation of personnel and
equipment; excludes drilling. High potential event
Any incident or near miss that could have realistically
Explosion or burn (as an incident/ resulted in one or more fatalities.
event category)
Burns or other effects of fires, explosions and Hours worked
extremes of temperature. Explosion means a rapid The actual hours worked, including overtime hours,
combustion, not an overpressure. are recorded in the case of onshore operations. The
hours worked by an individual will generally be about
Exposure: Electrical (as an incident/ 2 000 per year. For offshore workers, the hours worked
event category) are calculated on a 12-hour work day. Consequently,
average hours worked per year will vary from 1 600
Exposure to electrical shock or electrical burns etc.
to 2 300 hours per person depending upon the on/off
shift ratio. Vacations and leave are excluded.
Glossary 141
Hours worked in year (thousands) M

Hours are rounded to the nearest thousand. Maintenance, inspection and testing (as a type
of activity)
Activities related to preserving, repairing, examining and
I
function testing assets, equipment, plant or facilities.
Incident
An unplanned or uncontrolled event or chain of events Medical cause of death
that has resulted in at least one fatality, recordable This is the cause of death given on the death
injury or illness, or physical or environmental damage. certificate. Where two types of causes are provided,
such as pulmonary oedema caused by inhalation of hot
gases from a fire, both are recorded.
K
Key performance indicators (KPI) Medical treatment case (MTC)
In this report, these include: number of fatalities, fatal Cases that are not severe enough to be reported as
accident and incident rates, lost time injury frequency fatalities or lost work day cases or restricted work day
and total recordable injury rate. cases but are more severe than requiring simple first
aid treatment.
L
N
Lifting, crane, rigging, deck operations (as a
type of activity) Near miss
Activities related to the use of mechanical lifting and An unplanned or uncontrolled event or chain of
hoisting equipment, assembling and dis-assembling events that has not resulted in recordable injury,
drilling rig equipment and drill pipe handling on the illness, physical or environmental damage but had the
rig floor. potential to do so in other circumstances.
Lost time injury (LTI) Number of days unfit for work
A fatality or lost work day case. The number of LTIs is The sum total of calendar days (consecutive or
the sum of fatalities and lost work day cases. otherwise) after the days of the occupational injuries
on which the employees involved were unfit for work
and did not work.
The number of lost time injuries (fatalities + lost work Number of employees
day cases) incidents per 1 000 000 hours worked.
Average number of full-time and part-time employees
involved in exploration and production, calculated on a
full-time basis, during the reporting year.
Any work related injury other than a fatal injury which
results in a person being unfit for work on any day Number of fatalities
after the day of occurrence of the occupational injury.
Any day includes rest days, weekend days, leave days, The total number of a company’s employees and or
public holidays or days after ceasing employment. contractor’s employees who died as a result of an
incident. Delayed deaths that occur after the incident
are included if the deaths were a direct result of
LWDC severity
the incident. For example, if a fire killed one person
The average number of lost days per lost work day case. outright, and a second died three weeks later from
lung damage caused by the fire, both are reported.
O P
Occupational injury Pressure release (as an incident/
Any injury such as a cut, fracture, sprain, amputation, event category)
or any fatality, which results from a work-related Failure of or release of gas, liquid or object from a
activity or from an exposure involving a single incident pressurized system.
in the work environment, such as deafness from
explosion, one-time chemical exposure, back disorder Process safety event
from a slip/trip, insect or snake bite.
A process safety event, which can also be referred
to as an asset integrity event, is a loss of primary
Office, warehouse, accommodation, catering
containment (LOPC) and is recordable if:
(as a type of activity)
Activities related to work conducted in offices, i. the consequence was a reportable employee
warehouses, workshops, accommodation and catering or contractor injury or fatality, a third party
facilities. hospital admission or fatality, a community or site
evacuation or a fire/explosion; or
ii. a pressure relief device discharge or material
Offshore work
release occurs which exceeded defined thresholds
All activities and operations that take place at sea, (even if none of the consequences above occurred)
including activities in bays, in major inland seas
as specified within IOGP Report 456, Process safety –
such as the Caspian Sea, or in other inland seas
recommended practice on key performance indicators
directly connected to oceans. Incidents including
which provides consequence and threshold definitions
transportation of people and equipment from shore
consistent with API Recommended Practice No.754
to the offshore location, either by vessel or helicopter,
http://www.iogp.org/pubs/456.pdf. The supplement
should be recorded as offshore.
to IOGP Report 456 provides process safety upstream
PSE examples http://www.iogp.org/pubs/456supp.pdf.
Onshore work
All activities and operations that take place within Process safety related
a landmass, including those on swamps, rivers and
Process safety related events are those which do not
lakes. Land-to-land aircraft operations are counted as
meet the specific criteria to be classified as Tier 1
onshore, even though flights are over water.
or 2 process safety events but which have learning
potential in the prevention of process safety events.
Other (as an incident/event category)
Used to specify where an incident cannot be logically Production (as a work function)
classed under any other category. In the case of
Petroleum and natural gas producing operations,
incident activities, includes air transport incidents
including their administrative and engineering
aspects, minor construction, repairs, maintenance
Note: the work function ‘other’ was replaced by
and servicing, materials supply, and transportation of
‘construction’ for the first time in 2006.
personnel and equipment. It covers all mainstream
production operations including wireline. Gas
Overexertion or strain (as an incident/ processing activities with the primary intent of
event category) producing gas liquids for sale including:
Physical overexertion e.g. muscle strain.
• work on production wells under pressure
• oil (including condensates) and gas extraction and
separation (primary production)
• heavy oil production where it is inseparable from
upstream (i.e. stream assisted gravity drainage)
production
• primary oil processing (water separation, stabilization)
Glossary 143
• primary gas processing (dehydration, liquids Work performed might be:

separation, sweetening, CO2 removal)
• floating storage units (FSUs) and sub-sea • an assignment to a temporary job
storage units • part-time work at the regular job
• gas processing activities with the primary intent of • working full-time in the regular job but not
producing gas liquids for sale performing all the usual duties of the job.
• secondary liquid separation (i.e. natural gas Where no meaningful restricted work is being
liquids [NGL] extraction using refrigeration performed, the incident is recorded as a lost work day
processing) case (LWDC).
• liquefied natural gas (LNG) and gas to liquids
(GTL) operations
• flow-lines between wells and pipelines between S
facilities associated with field production
operations Seismic/survey operations (as a type of activity)
• oil and gas loading facilities including land or Activities relating to the determination of sub-surface
marine vessels (trucks and ships) when connected structures for the purpose of locating oil and gas
to an oil or gas production process deposits including geophysical and seismic data
• pipeline operations (including booster stations) acquisition.
operated by company E&P business.
Production excludes: Slips and trips (at the same height) (as an
incident/event category)
• production drilling or workover
• mining processes associated with the extraction of Slips, trips and falls caused by falling over or onto
heavy oil tar sands something at the same height.
• heavy oil when separable from upstream operations
• secondary heavy oil processing (upgrader) Struck by (as an incident/event category)
• refineries. Incidents/events where injury results from being hit by
moving equipment and machinery, or by flying or falling
Production operations (as a type of activity) objects. Also includes vehicle incidents where the
vehicle is struck by or struck against another object.
Activities related to the extraction of hydrocarbons
from source such as an oil or gas well or hydrocarbon
bearing geological structure, including primary
T
processing, storage and transport operations.
Includes normal, start-up or shut-down operations. Third party
A person with no business relationship with the
company or contractor.
R
Recordable Total recordable injury rate (TRIR)
A type of event, incident, injury, illness, release or The number of recordable injuries (fatalities + lost
other outcome which has been determined to meet or work day cases + restricted work day cases + medical
exceed definitions, criteria or thresholds for inclusion treatment cases) per million hours worked.
and classification in reported data.
Transport – Air (as a type of activity)
Restricted work day case (RWDC) Involving aircraft, either fixed wing or helicopters.
Any work-related injury other than a fatality or lost Injuries caused by accidents on the ground at airports
work day case which results in a person being unfit are classified in one of the other categories.
for full performance of the regular job on any day after
the occupational injury.
Transport – Land (as a type of activity)

Involving motorized vehicles designed for transporting
people and goods over land, e.g. cars, buses, trucks.
Pedestrians struck by a vehicle are classified as land
transport incidents. Incidents from a mobile crane
would only be land transport incidents if the crane
were being moved between locations.
Transport – Water, including marine activity

(as a type of activity)
Involving vessels, equipment or boats designed for
transporting people and goods over water (including
inland, marine, ice roads and marsh/swamp) e.g.
supply vessels, crew boats.
U
Unspecified – Other (as a type of activity)
Incidents that cannot be logically classed under other
headings or where the activity is unknown.
Unspecified (as a work function)

Unspecified is used for the entry of data associated
with office personnel whose work hours and
incident data cannot be reasonably assigned to
the administrative support of one of the function
groupings of exploration, drilling, production or
construction. Corporate overhead support function
personnel such as finance or human resources
staff may be examples where work hours cannot
be specifically assigned to a particular function. All
other data that are not separated out by function are
reported as unspecified.
W
Water related/drowning (as an incident/
event category)
Incidents/events in which water played a significant
role including drowning.
Work-related injury
See occupational injury.
www.iogp.org
Registered Office
Level 5 T +44 (0)20 3763 9700
209–215 Blackfriars Rd F +44 (0)20 3763 9701
London SE1 8NL reception@iogp.org
United Kingdom
Brussels Office
Bd du Souverain,165 T +32 (0)2 566 9150
4th Floor F +32 (0)2 566 9159
B-1160 Brussels
Belgium
The IOGP safety performance indicators –

2014 data report summarizes the safety
performance of contributing IOGP member
companies for 2014 based on the analysis
of 4366 million work hours of data.
Submissions were made by 52 of the 58
operating company IOGP Members and
cover operations in 111 countries.
The key performance indicators (KPI) used
to benchmark safety performance are:
• number of fatalities
• fatal accident and incident rates
• total recordable injury rate, and
• lost time injury frequency.
Against the background of a 16% increase
in work hours reported, the number of
fatalities has decreased from 80 in 2013 to
45 in 2014. The resulting fatal accident rate
(FAR) of 1.03 is 51% lower than last year.

2014 Safety Performance

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2014 Safety Performance

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REPORT JUNE

Safety performance indicators –

Photography used with permission courtesy of ©psphotograph/

These Terms and Conditions shall be governed by and construed in accordance

Safety performance indicators –

VERSION DATE AMENDMENTS

1.0 June 2015 First release

Introduction and background 9

1. Summary of 2014 results 11

4.3 Severity of lost work day cases (LWDC) 79

Appendix B - Data tables 109

Appendix C – Contributing companies 133

Appendix D – Countries represented 135

Appendix E – Glossary of terms 139

Fatalities Fatal accident rate (FAR)

FAR fatalities per 100 million hours worked

Figure 1: Number of fatalities and fatal accident rate (2005–2014)

No appropriate Rule 5% Core Rule 38%

Supplementary Rule 40%

Figure 2: Life-Saving Rules applicable to 2014 fatal incidents - % of total incidents

Five fatal incidents were as a result of process safety events.

Total recordable injury rate Lost time injury frequency

Introduction and background

Scope of reporting and data validation

A self-assessment questionnaire is included within the data submission process

The scope of data included within this report is detailed in Appendix A.

These are available from the IOGP website http://www.iogp.org/Our-library/

1. Summary of 2014 results

Safety performance indicators – 2014 data summarizes the safety performance of

Third party fatalities are not included in this report.

Submissions were made by 52 of the 58 operating company IOGP Members.

The data reported cover operations in 111 countries.

Company Contractor Fatal accident rate

FAR (fatalities per 100 million hours worked)

Figure 4: Reported work hours and fatal accident rate (1985–2014)

Water related 6.7% Caught between 15.6%

Confined space 2.2%

Pressure release 2.2% Exposure electrical 6.7%

Figure 5: Percentage of fatalities by incident category (2014)

Category Number of fatalities

Table 1: Fatalities by incident category (2014)

Fatalities categorized as ‘explosions or burns’ were the second greatest

Transport – Water 4.4% Construction 13.3%

Transport – Land 13.3%

Production 6.7% Drilling 35.6%

Figure 6: Percentage of fatalities by incident activity (2014)

Activity Number of fatalities

Table 2: Fatalities by incident activity (2014)

Fatal accident rate (per 100 million hours worked)

Company Contractor Overall

Figure 7: Fatal accident rate by company & contractor (2005–2014)

1.3 Total recordable injuries

Company Contractor Overall

Figure 8: Total recordable injury rate by company & contractor (2005–2014)

1.4 Lost time injuries

This reduction is similar in both company and contractor performance. Both

Company Contractor Overall

Figure 9: Lost time injury frequency by company & contractor (2005–2014)

Other 6.7% Assault 0.7%

Slips/trips 18.2% Exposure N, C, B, V 0.9%

Category Number of LWDC

Table 3: Lost work day cases by incident category (2014)

Unspecified 8.1% Construction 9.1%

Transport – Water 5.1% Diving 0.6%