SENTENCE

Adalah kumpulan kata yg memiliki makna, minimal terdiri dari Sub + Verb.
Kalimat sendiri dibagi menjadi 2 :
1. Verbal sentence
Adalah kalimat yg subjeknya melakukan sesuatu.
2. Nominal sentence
Adalah kalimat yg subjeknya tidak melakukan sesuatu.

TENSE
Adalah kata kerja yg dipengaruhi oleh waktu dan sifat ketika kejadian atau peristiwa terjadi.

1. SIMPLE PRESENT

Digunakan ketika:
➔ Digunakan untuk menyatakan kebiasaan atau rutinitas.
➔ Digunakan untuk menyatakan kebenaran umum (general truth).
➔ Digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan sesuatu .

Form

(+) S + V1 (s/es) + O + (Adv)

(-) S + do/does + not + V1 + O + (Adv) atau

S + don't/doesn't + V1 + O + (Adv)

(?) Do/does + S + V1 + O + (Adv) ?

( -? ) Don't/doesn't + S + V1 + O + (Adv) ?

e.g. :
( +) Max speaks English
( - ) Max does not (doesn't) speak English ( ?)
Does Max speak English?
(-?) Doesn't Max speak English?

Note :
- Jika subjeknya I, you, we, they, dan plural (jamak) menggunakan V1
- Jika subjeknya she, he, it, singular (tunggal) menggunakan Vs/es

- Adverb adalah kata keterangan, adv sendiri ada 3 :

Adverb of place : keterangan tempat
(in the house, in the room)
Adverb of time : keterangan waktu (At
7 o'clock, on Friday)
Adverb of manner : keterangan cara
(Well, seriously, perfectly)

Time Signal
 - Everyday : setiap hari
- Every week : setiap minggu
- On Sundays : setiap hari minggu
- Seldom : jarang
- Often : sering
- Ever : pernah
- Never : tidak pernah
- Always : selalu
- Usually : biasanya

You

We
Speak English
They

Max and
Sherly

She

He

It
Speaks English
Max

Sherly

Rule for Verb s/es

….ss -> guess -> guesses
….sh -> brush -> brushes
….ch -> teach -> teaches
….x -> mix -> mixes
….o -> go -> goes
….zz -> buzz -> buzzes

Special for y ada 2 kemungkinan:

….y -> study -> studies
Fry -> fries
(sebelum y ada huruf mati maka +es)
….y -> enjoy -> enjoys
(sebelum y ada huruf hidup maka cukup +s)

Special for have

Bentuk Vs/es-nya berbeda dengan yg telah disebutkan diatas Have ->
has
YES ANSWER
1. Do you speak English?
- Yes I speak English.
2. Do I speak english?
- Yes you speak english
3. (We)
4. (They)

5. Does she speak English?

- Yes She speaks English
6. (He)
7. (It)
8. (Ali)
9. (Ani)

NO ANSWER
1. Do you speak Chinese?
- No , I don't speak Chinese. But, I speak English.
2. Do I speak Chinese?
- No, you don't speak Chinese.
But, you speak english.
3. Does she speak chinese?
- No, she doesn't speak chinese. But, she speaks english.

Question. (Change to)

1. (+) I study English

(-) I do not/ don’t study English (?)
do I study English?
(-?) Don’t I study English?

2. (+) You read a book

(-) You don’t read a book.
(?) Do you read a book?
(-?) Dont you read a book?

3. (+) We play football in the yard every week.

(-) We don’t play football in the yard every week. (?)
Do we play football in the yard every week?
(-?) Don’t we play football in the yard every week?

4. (+) They practice their English every day.

(-) They don’t practice their English every day.
 (?) Do they practice their English every day?
(-?) Don’t they practice their English every day?

5. (+) She tries to do the homework

(-) She doesn’t try to do the homework (?)
Does she try to do the homework?
(-?) Doesn’t she try to do the homework?

6. (+) he borrows some books in the library

(-) He doesn’t borrow some books in the library (?)
does he borrow some books in the library?
(-?) doesn’t he borrow some books in the library?

7. (+) The cat eats the fish in the kitchen

(-) The cat doesn’t eat the fish in the kitchen (?)
Does the cat eat the fish in the kitchen?
(-?) Doesn’t the cat eat the fish in the kitchen?

8. (+) My brother has a new cycle

(-) My brother doesn’t have a new cycle (?)
Does my brother have a new cycle?
(-?) Doesn’t my brother have a new cycle?