ABM12-1P G3 PreliminariesAppendices

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY
FACTORS AFFECTING THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

OF ABM STUDENTS IN OUR LADY OF
FATIMA UNIVERSITY
A Research Presented to the Faculty of the

Accountancy and Business Management
Our Lady of Fatima University
Antipolo, Rizal.
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the

Subject Practical Research 2
First Semester 2021-2022
By
Quizon, Katrina Laurence F. Sebua, Kurtnie Abegail T.
Ramos, Angelica Sto. Tomas Ashaira Julienne F.
Reyes, Edelbert B. Tan, Shanne Valerie L.
Ricardo, Razmine Angel N. Timario, Therenze Mariz G.
Robles, Uriel Justine D. Valeza, Nicole Franchesca D.
Rodriguez, Jazz G. Villanueva, Kyla C.
Sales, Ayana Villarias, Sebastian C.
Sarmiento, Angel Nnecole
2021
Endorsement
This thesis entitled “The Factors affecting the Academic Performance of Accountancy,
Business and Management students in Our Lady of Fatima University S.Y. 2021-2022”
prepared by ABM Group 3 of 12Y1-1P, in the partial fulfilment of the requirements for
Research Subject and now recommended for Oral Examination.
This is to certify that the ABM Group 3 of class 12Y1-1P is ready for the Oral Examination.
Junalyn P. Samonte
Research Adviser
This is to certify that the thesis: “Factors Affecting the Academic Performance of ABM
Students in Our Lady of Fatima University S.Y. 2021-2022” prepared and submitted by
Group 3 of ABM 12 Y1-1P, is recommended for Oral Examination.
Chair
Panelist 1 Panelist 2
Member Member
Panelist 3 Panelist 4
Member Member
Panelist 5
Member
Julieto C. Comendador JR, MAED

Principal/ SHS Administrator
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, we thank Jesus Christ, our Lord and Savior, for giving us the
courage, strength, support, and knowledge we needed to investigate things, for
providing guidance in assisting us in resolving all of the difficulties we encountered, and
for giving us the determination to pursue and complete this research.
To our research adviser, Professor Junalyn P. Samonte, deserves special
recognition for her unfailing support, encouragement, patience, and drive, as well as for
always being there for us.
The researchers would like to thank everyone who contributed their time and
expertise to make this study a reality in any manner.
To all of the families, friends, and others who offered spiritual support in any way.
Thank you very much for your moral support!
RESEARCHERS.
Certificate of Originality
This is to hereby declare that this research paper is the outcome of our own original ground-
work. Every member has responsibly acknowledged all sources and materials used in the pro-
duction of our research.
In the case should our paper be marked as plagiarized; we will accept every right of the Univer -
sity to impose sanctions on us.
Ma. Fatima P. Cueto

Principal investigator
Members:
Katrina Laurence F. Quizon
Angelica Ramos
Edelbert B. Reyes
Razmine Angel N. Ricardo
Uriel Justine D. Robles
Jazz G. Rodrigues
Ayana Sales
Angel Nnecole Sarmiento
Kurtnie Abegail T. Sebua
Ashaira Julienne F. Sto. Tomas
Shanne Valerie L. Tan
Therenze Mariz G. Timario
Nicole Franchesca D. Valeza
Kyla C. Villanueva
Sebastian C. Villarias
Junalyn P. Samonte
Thesis Adviser
December 16, 2021

Date of submission
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Title Page i
Certificate of Endorsement ii
Acknowledgements iii
Certificate of Originality iv
Table of Contents v
List of Figures vi
1. THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTINGS

Introduction 1
Theoretical Framework 4
Conceptual Framework 5
Statement of the Problem 6
Hypothesis 6
Scope and Limitations 7
Significance of the study 7
Definition of Terms 8
2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Students Academic Performance 10
Study Hours 11
Gender of the Student 13
Previous Academic Performance 14
Attendance and Punctuality 15
3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Method 17
Research Locale 18
Research Ethics 18
Research Instrument 19
Data Gathering Procedure 19
REFERENCES 23
APPENDICES
Appendix 1 Letter of Request 26
Appendix 2 Survey Questionnaire 27
Appendix 3 Curriculum Vitae 30
ii
LIST OF FIGURES
Number Title Page
1 Research Paradigm 5
ii
i
OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY 1
Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTINGS
Introduction
There are various external factors that may have influenced the student’s academic
performance other than their personal characteristics. This study is being conducted to know the
factors that have an impact on the Academic Performance of Grade 12 ABM students in Our
Lady of Fatima University. Lower academic performance in Senior High School is a warning to
every country’s educational system. As a result, there is a need to review the literature on
academic performance, and understand the factors that influence senior high school students’
academic outcomes (Brew et al (2021). According to Chinyoka et al (2013), as cited in Brew et al

(2021) Educational level of parents and their income, teachers’ knowledge of the subject,
absenteeism, availability of textbooks and accessibility, libraries, practical laboratory, meals
provision, and other factors are affecting the Academic performance.
UST Business Economic students’ study hours, gender, allowances, attendance, and
previous grade were expected to affect their academic performance. The factors aforementioned
may lead the student to have a positive or negative outcome on their academic performance.
The average hours a student spends studying is approximately 9.7 hours, the time spent on
school-related activities such as reading, studying, and other extracurricular activities are proven
to have a positive correlation with academic performance than non-school-related tasks (Ng et
al., 2014). Having academic success has a great impact on a student’s confidence, inspiration,
and determination in higher education. Low enthusiasm for learning or excessive
failure rates will result in an unsatisfactory level of attrition, it also will reduce the graduate and
increase the value of education Jayanthi et al (2014).
According to (Parajuli & Thapa, 2017) Differences also play a significant part in aca-
demics; various studies have shown that the majority of those who excel in school are predomi-
nantly females. Some of the hypothesis presume that male students tend to focus more on ex-
tracurricular activities than females, therefore, girls have a lot more time to study and finish their
assigned tasks resulting in better academic performance. Socioeconomic status of a student
should also be considered, a student's daily allowance should be sufficient enough for them to
purchase meals, transportation, and other necessities for school, if these needs are not met, stu-
dents may be forced to work part-time which could hinder their focus on their studies. Atten-
dance and former grades
O U Rare
LApart
DY of the
O Facademic
FATIM performance
A U N I V EforRitSis
I Tthe
Y one that could affect 3
the grading of the student directly. Regularly attending students shows more signs of academic
success compared to absentee students, this is also to say for the previous grading of the stu-
dent.
Particularly, students' performance remains a top priority for educators. It is meant for
making a difference regionally, locally, nationally, and globally. Many researchers, especially
educators have long been interested in exploring variables effectively for the standard
performance of learners. The main motive behind taking this study is how the academic
performance of ABM 12 in Our Lady of Fatima University gets affected by many factors. It is set
to fill this space in the literature. The performance of students may be affected by psychological,
economic, social, personal, and environmental factors. The majority of past student academic
performance centered on topics such as teacher education, class environment, gender
differences, teaching style, family educational history, and socioeconomic variables. On this
subject, a great deal of study has been done. Numerous researchers investigated various
factors, and a large number of variables were investigated. Students' performance is something
that everyone expects to be of higher quality because of the responsibilities the sector plays in
providing community service; on the other hand, those who do not perform well cannot
contribute successfully to human resources because they lack the necessary skills. As a result,
the goal of this research is to determine how important the variable is and whether it has an
impact on the students' level of satisfaction.
This study aims to assess what are the factors that affect the academic performance of
ABM of Our Lady of Fatima University. Other research has reached similar conclusions. Nowa-
days, many students are experiencing various problems at present because of this pandemic.
One of the reasons O
behind
U R that
LAD is Y
theOnew
F Flearning
A T I Mmodalities.
A U N I V The
E R Sfundamental
ITY reason for this 4
proposal is that the researchers want to identify the different factors that affect academic perfor-
mance. This can help the students to know the factors that are related to students' academic
performance at Our Lady of Fatima University. This aims to know how significant the variable is
and if it influences the quality of implementation of the students.
The various elements that affect the Academic Performance of Grade 12 ABM students
in Our Lady of Fatima University. Particularly, the study intends to measure the Academic
Performance of ABM students by the factors and evaluate its relation to their academic
performance. The specific objective is to provide statistics regarding the factors of the said
variables and to recognize the significance of academic success.
Theoretical Framework
This framework is based on the Theory of Education Production Function's initial concept.
It focuses on the economic field, which has now been applied to the educational field. According
to D.N. Harris in his Education Production Function: Concepts published in 2010, This
constitutes all combinations of inputs that produce a given set of outputs. In education, outputs
are typically measured by achievement scores and graduation rates. Inputs include both school
and family factors that influence outcomes. On the other hand, a Sociologist named James
Coleman is responsible for the existence of this theory. He had always been intrigued about
what aspects affect a child's ability to learn and what influences it. Is it friends or family? or
teachers? What are the kids learning and how are they doing? Those questions have been
lingering around him for a long time. Later on, The Coleman Report in 1966 found out that the
effect of various school inputs on students’ achievement was way smaller compared to the
impact that their family and peers bring.
The student's inadequate performance is one of the issues that the teachers have today.
The researchers want to know the factors that affect the academic performance of the students.
The researchers applied the case study used by Kingston K. of UST Colleges of Commerce
Major in Business Economics in order to support our study. The said study was done to identify
the factors affecting the students' academic performance.
Based on D.N Harris theory, study hours and gender are considered to be an input that
comes from personal and academics factors. While attendance and previous grade would be an
output that comes from the response of the students inputs. The variables study hours, gender,
attendance and previous grade are used to distinguish if the variables can affect the academic
performance of ABM students. With the use of GPA or GWA of the students coming from the
study of Harb et al., 2006 the researchers will be able to measure their performance.
Conceptual Framework
Statement of the Problem

This study focuses
OUR L onA the
D Ydifferent
O F F Afactors
TIMA thatU affect
N I V Ethe
R SAcademic
ITY Performance of 7
Grade 12 ABM students in Our Lady of Fatima University.
This research will answer the following questions:
1. What is the student demographic profile in terms of variables?
1.1 Name (optional):
1.2 Section
1.3 Age
1.4 Gender
2. What are the factors that affect the Academic Performance of ABM students in Our Lady of
Fatima University in terms of the following variables?
2.1 Study Hours
2.2 Previous academic performance
2.3 Attendance and Punctuality
3. Is there a significant difference in the respondent’s assessment on the factors that affect
the academic performance of Grade 12 ABM students in Our Lady of Fatima University?
Hypothesis
There is no significant difference in the respondents’ assessment on the factors that affect
Academic Performance in Grade 12 ABM students of Our Lady of Fatima University.

Scope and Limitations
This research is designed with the goal of delivering knowledge on different factors that
affect the Academic Performance of the students, and if there is a significant difference in the
respondents’ assessment on the factors affecting Academic Performance.
This study will be conducted inside the researchers’ campus facilities, The researchers
limit its coverage on the Grade 12 ABM students in Our Lady of Fatima University - Antipolo
Campus with a sample size that ranges up to one hundred (100) respondents.
The other students who do not fall as part of Grade 12 ABM students such as Grade 12
STEM, HUMSS AND GAS of Our Lady of Fatima University - Antipolo Campus are not within the
scope of this study.
Consent and necessary introduction to the study’s goal are to be taken importance since
the researchers value the privacy of the respondents. Should anonymity and discretion be
desired; it would be granted by the researchers.
The selection of the respondents are only limited to those representatives in every
section since the population of Grade 12 ABM students in Antipolo Campus is overwhelming.
Nonetheless, in order to carry out the study efficiently, it would be directed by careful strategies
and preparation.
Significance of the study
Benefiting the study are the various sector as follows:
Students. The findings of this study will assist students in understanding what elements
impact their academic success in academics, as well as their learning background, so that they
may avoid poor performance.

Parents. The findings of this research will assist parents in better understanding the
elements that influence their children's academic achievement. As a consequence, they'll
educate their kids on how to keep up their performance in the face of adversity.
School. The findings of this inquiry will be valuable in identifying students who are
influenced by the elements and establishing the worth of academic performance in the future
school. In addition, this study will aid them in deciding which components they will focus on.
Society. The findings of this study will aid society in designing a program that will assist
our children in focusing on the various aspects that will help them achieve their life goals by
performing well in school. Also, to determine which kids, based on their academic backgrounds,
have the potential to become leaders in society.
Country. The findings of this study will assist our country to have a brighter future by
identifying the elements that influence our students' academic success. Because education is
the strongest foundation of each powerful nation.
Future Researchers. The study will help future researchers in knowing the factors that
affect the academic performance of the students, especially the ABM students. This study may
serve as their model for their research related to factors that affect academic performance. They
can also use this as their reference for their research for more information.
Definition of Terms
For the purpose of clarification, the following are the important terms used in this study
were conceptually and operationally defined:
Academic Performance. It is the achievement of the students that will measure across
the different academic subjects. The teachers and education officials are the people who will
measure the achievements using the performance and result of the tests of a student.
Attendance and Punctuality. Refers to the vital attributes that a student must have, it is
the act of attending and a state of being punctual.
Gender. Defines the socially manufactured traits of women, men, girls, and boys. The
goal of the study is to see if there is a substantial difference in the wide within-gender distribution
of academic achievements.
Previous academic performance. It is the measured achievement of the students from
their previous academic performance.
Study Hours. This refers to the allotted time you will spend in your studies.
Chapter 2
REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND STUDIES
This chapter presents the related literature and studies that we come upon and is
significant to the topic after the thorough search done by the researchers. It contained concepts
that are related to the topic such as student’s academic performance, study hours, gender of the
student, previous academic performance, and attendance and punctuality. The researchers
gathered information from journal articles in online resources to analyze the results and findings
and to answer the problems in the study.
Students’ Academic Performance
As defined by Barkley (2006) the academic performance of students will reflect on their
ability to apply and demonstrate the knowledge they have learned in tests, quizzes,
presentations, and final examinations. The significance of students' performance is visible not
just to students, but also to institutions, as it serves as an indicator of their educational process's
success. Galiher (2006)
OUR andLDarling
A D Y (2005)
O F F as
A Tcited
IMA in Mushtaq
U N I V E&RKhan
SITY (2012) utilized GPA to 12
assess student success since they were primarily concerned with the student's semester
performance. Some additional studies utilized test data or prior year findings given that they
were investigating performance for a certain subject or year. Preserving the sense of the
student's grades affecting their performances whether it is a negative or a positive result.
Meanwhile, the study of Wentzel & Wigfield (1988) that tackles the factors of academic
and social motivation that interact to affect the students’ academic performance found out that
teachers' instructional practices and interpersonal connections with students
are accentuated as potentially influential factors that influence the student motivation and
performance.
Study Hours
Academic success is a top priority for both students and instructors in any educational
system. Several studies have found that motivation and study time has an impact on student
accomplishment (Cole, et.al,. 2002, as cited in Ukpong & George,2013). Because grade is a
fundamental criterion for such learning, high grades suggest that the learner has done well,
whilst low marks indicate that the learner has done poorly. Many people have discovered,
however, that grades are influenced by a number of things. There is no way to forecast grades
based on a single criterion. Gender, IQ, study habits, study hours, age, grade, parental
education, social status, number of children, birth order, and many other factors all had an
impact. In fact, almost all of the above environmental, personal, and environmental factors affect
academic performance. The determinant of academic achievement is a recurring topic in higher
education policy discussions. The most important component of the curriculum, the impact of
student effort and learning time on academic performance remains largely unresolved. While
most people would agree
O U Rthat
L Astudents
DY OF won't
F Alearn
T I Mif Athey
UNdon't
IVE putR in
S Ithe
T Yeffort, we have only a 13
rough understanding of how study time affects academic success, as assessed by a particular
course grade. Quantifying the impact of study time on achievement appears to be important from
at least two perspectives: the perspective of the instructor, who provides classroom learning,
experience, and outcome measurement, academics, and perspectives of students, who try to
balance competitive personal ambitions. This study was caused by study time concerns relating
to student participation in homework, assignments, reading, and note-taking, study period
process, students' focus in examinations, and teachers' consulting services. According to
Eikeland and Manger (1992), more study hours did not improve class performance for first-
semester Norwegian university students. It results in a burned-out sense to the students
depicting the recital of the scholars throughout the academic field. It can be seen that they
employed a production–function statistical model to predict course grades in a macroeconomics
course and found that studying time had no influence on the educational outcome.
Effective time management will greatly help with academic results and student
achievement. Every student must be able to manage his or her time effectively, including setting
goals and priorities, implementing time management strategies, and sticking to a schedule. In
this case, self-motivation is the only way to manage time; performance, ability, and motivation
are all required (Brigitte, et.al,. 2005,as cited in Nasrullah & Khan, 2015). Due to poor time
management, they were behind schedule. While there is no universal strategy for time
management, getting to know each other is essential to making informed judgments about how
students spend their time. Likewise, this issue has been discussed and highlighted on many
platforms in the educational service delivery process, and an effort has been made to measure
and analyze management attitudes and behaviors. Students' time in teaching institutions. For
best results at higher levels of study, study schedules must be carefully established,
implemented, and followed.
OUR L The
A Dfocus
Y Oon
F time
FAT also
I Mhelps
A Uthe
N I government
V E R S I T Ydevelop cost-effective 14
educational programs, especially at the higher education level. The lack of simple and cost-
effective data collection methods is at the root of the persistent problem of knowledge scarcity on
time management and learning outcomes. In this regard, the issue of time management is
receiving great attention in modern education systems as it assesses students' attitudes and
behaviors related to time management. It is based on a position on effective time management,
determining the impact of time management skills on academic achievement, and the
importance of effective time management in both academic and professional life.
Gender of the Student
As per research, girls and women in underprivileged, marginalized, and
socioeconomically backward sectors of society are frequently subjected to discrimination and
according to Dr. Kapur, acquisition of education is one of them and the women and girls are
experiencing denial of the human right to education across the world. Later on, the idea of diverse
connections between fulfillment and gender inequality in the basic rights to education has been
established. Gender Inequality can be seen in a lot of institutions these days. Radhika Kapur in
her study “Gender Inequality in Education” found out that it has been observed in a lot of
educational institutions. There are some instances that the girls were given lesser opportunity to
take part in activities compared to their male schoolmates, which results in large-scale gender
inequality. Females receive fewer academic contacts in class. They are less likely to be called
upon by name, are asked fewer complex and abstract questions, receive less praise or
constructive feedback, and are given less direction on how to do things for themselves. In short,
girls are more likely to be invisible members of classrooms (Sadker, 2011) It can reflect on the
student’s final marks because of lack of participation in activities and in class. Individuals and
communities who offer women equal rights and opportunities will not only encourage their
functional growth and
OUdevelopment,
R LADY O butF also
F A the
TIM well-being
A UNIV of Etheir
R S Iinstitutions
TY and the entire 15
country.
Factors that affect the academic performance may vary from person to person but some
research that has been conducted across the world is that female students outperform their male
counterparts (Orabi, 2007; Dayioglu & Turut, 2007; Khwaileh & Zaza, 2010 as cited in Parajuli &
Thapa, 2017). In some areas, girls excel boys in subjects that they considered feminine, and
boys typically excel in others because they consider it as a masculine subject but overall
academic performances are different from person to person because of different internal and
external factors (such as physically, mentally, financially, etc.). The previous research found out
that girls are way more successful in terms of academics compared to boys, but there are some
instances that boys excel more in mathematics compared to girls. Furthermore, there was no
proof of any gender differences when it comes to mathematics achievement.
Previous Academic Performance
Students' academic performance depends on some variables, positive or negative, it
affects one's performance. The variables under consideration were the academic performance
(student’s marks/grades) as a dependent variable and the age, gender, faculty of study,
parents/guardian social economic status, and residential area, tuition fees, daily study hours, and
accommodation were independent variables. It is evident that students who showed great
performance in the starting classes of their age also performed better in future academic years.
Garton et al. (2000) as cited in Ahmad & Shahzadi (2011) carried out a study with freshmen
college students to evaluate the efficiency of student learning style and other university
admission variables in predicting student academic performance and retention. Act composite
score, high school class rank, high school core GPA, and learning style were used as predictors.
Results showed thatOcore
U R GPA
LADand
Y Act
O Fscore
FAT were
I M the
A Ubest
NIV predictors
E R S I Tfor
Y predicting academic 16
performance of the first year of college. A study in Oregon State University (2003) confirmed that
graduate admissions normally measure academic performance such as high school GPA scores
and educational potential. According to the previous study of Ali et al. (2013) It is important to
remember that even if these studies don't agree with the past studies that explored the previous
performance of the students, it is confirmed that the admission scores are related to academic
performance but to a short extent.
It is also assumed that children's educational performance and learning outcomes are
strongly affected by the type of educational institution in which the students got their education.
Zappala and Considine (2002) quoted Sparkles (1999) that teachers' expectations and school
environment has also a strong influence on students' performance. These are some reasons that
affect the previous academic performance of some students.
It is said that in this study the student’s previous academic performance can affect their
future academic performance, also some countries such as Nigeria use the student’s previous
academic performance as a basis for students to be admitted to universities, note that entry
qualifications are of equivalent rating. Bratti and Staffolani (2002) as cited in Morto Amasuomo,
J. O. (2014) observed and concluded that the student's previous academic performance is the
most important indicator for the student’s future academic performance.
Attendance and Punctuality
According to the Inspection feedback to basic skills programme area conducted by
Southwark College as cited in Ade-ojo (2005) the twin issues of attendance and punctuality have
in recent times assumed a very crucial role in the assessment of the quality of provision in the
area of skills for life.OIndeed,
U R L inspectors’
A D Y O F reports
F A T Iinevitably
M A U Ninclude
I V E Rcomments
SITY on the pattern of 17
attendance and punctuality of students. It is commonplace to find comments like the following in
inspectors’ reports. “Lateness is not positively challenged and attendance is still an issue”
Comments such as the one above have often left tutors in the FE totally frustrated and in many
cases, disillusioned. Tutors, perhaps rightly so, argue that they cannot be expected to have
control over what happens to students outside the college and more importantly, as they
perceive it, the willful decision of students not to benefit from the opportunity to learn provided by
colleges. Inspectorate regimes however do not share the sympathies of tutors. They would argue
that the pastoral duties of teachers necessitate their taking responsibility for their students’
performances in terms of attendance and punctuality, after all, students cannot be expected to
achieve if they do not attend classes or indeed, if they come in half way through lessons. More
importantly, from the viewpoint of students, it is incontrovertible that poor attendance and
punctuality will have adverse effects on their learning and achievement. This is the one point that
all parties involved agree on.
Sultana & Siti Nor Millah Binti Rashid (2013) found out that student behavior is the
preferred reason behind student time management and punctuality issues. In addition, time
management and punctuality issues tend to adversely affect student performance. This study
suggests that school managers, teachers and oldsters play a crucial role in overcoming these
problems, especially since most of those problems occur in schools and houses. Overall, the
study concluded that point management and punctuality issues between students adversely
affect the student's learning process. Meanwhile, Kassarnig et al., (2018) confirmed based on
their earlier findings that class is the most important predictor among individual characteristics.
Chapter 3
METHODOLOGY
This chapter explains the research methodology used in the study. This includes the
research method, population, sample size and sampling technique, description of respondents,
and the instrument used to conduct the study. The researchers demonstrated the procedures to
gather necessary data and information.
Research Method
Quantitative Approach was used by the researchers for a reason that it observes events
or situations that affect people and produces data that can be measured or communicated
through statistics and numbers. Non Experimental Survey Research that falls under Cross-
sectional study was used for a reason that It is the most suitable method for the study in
gathering data aboutO the
U Rfactors
L A D that
Y Oaffect
F F Athe
T Iacademic
M A U N performance
I V E R S I T Yof the ABM students. 19
Since conducting a study on factors affecting the academic performance of ABM students in Our
Lady of Fatima University, the researchers have an insane amount of respondents. The
researchers will conduct a research survey to narrow the respondent’s percentages. A survey
will help us to pinpoint the data that will be collected. It will assist the researchers to graph the
data to get the desired hypothesis.
The researchers will tackle the problems or occurrences that can affect their academic
performances. Since the respondents are the whole ABM 12 Strand, the researchers will receive
such an enormous quantity of data, and the researchers are sure to be overwhelmed by it.
Based on the above definition, Survey Research is the best way to analyze a large
population. It will help the researchers to identify the percentage of such quantities they will be
acquiring when they are finished conducting it. By doing a survey the researchers can gather the
data provided by the respondents in a less hassle way.
Research Locale
This study will cover the Antipolo Campus of Our Lady of Fatima University located at
Km. 23 Sumulong Hi-way, Brgy. Sta. Cruz, Antipolo City near the Fatima University Medical
Center. It is one ride away from the researchers’ location. The researchers will be focusing on
their Senior High School Department more specifically its 12th grade ABM students that caters
15 out of 52 sections in Grade 12 including all academic strand. Our Lady of Fatima University -
Antipolo Campus was selected as the place that researchers want to conduct this study because
of the huge number of population it has and since all of its campuses implemented Flexible
Learning in 2020 and has been producing achievers and topnotchers throughout the years.
Research Ethics OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY 20
This study ensured that research ethics were properly considered, developed and
recognized. No one was forced to participate in this study; they did it of their own free will. After
the researcher explained the purpose of the study and how the results could improve their well-
being at university, all participants gave their consent. [1] This was done in order to obtain
reliable information which accurately reflects what happened there. From data collection to
analysis to publication of results, confidentiality was maintained and confirmed throughout the
research process. This study also ensured that injuries or malicious behavior deemed harmful
(physically or psychologically) to participants were not included. As a result, the study was able
to collect reliable first-hand data from the field. [2] The researchers took precautions to respect
the anonymity of the respondents as students and individuals, as their collaboration is most
beneficial in this study. The interviewed participant has the option of answering or skipping the
survey questions. Participants are not forced or obligated to answer questions posed by
researchers. [3] During the research, researchers keep the data collected anonymously and ask
participants whether they wish to register their names or not. Participants will receive a consent
letter outlining the terms of the research.
Research Instrument
In this study, the researchers will be using questions in a closed-ended format as the
questionnaire in the survey. This type of question will have multiple answers and allow the
students to select an option from the given question. Since the researchers conduct a survey
online, participants must expect the use of the internet. Part 1 consists of items that gather
respondents' profiles, such as their names, section, age, and gender. Part 2 includes the
questions that are related to the factors that affect Academic Performance. These questionnaires
were made initially by
OUtheRresearchers.
L A D Y O After
F F Athe
T Iresearchers
MA UNIV developed
E R S I T the
Y questionnaires, the 21
survey questions were approved and validated by the research adviser. The researchers seek
advice from the statistician to approve the questionnaires by using a reliability test. The
questionnaires passed the reliability test and the statistician allowed and approved survey
questions. The respondents must answer every question truthfully to have reliable and relevant
data for the study.
Data Gathering Procedure
The pandemic that's occurring nationwide left researchers to think of a new way to gather
data, and one such way is conducting online surveys. The researchers formally ask permission
from their research adviser and to the head of Senior High School of Our Lady of Fatima
University, Antipolo Campus via email to conduct the online survey. And for conducting such
surveys, the researchers will need participants that can provide them with data that's in line with
the topic, and make sure that they agreed with the said terms and conditions. The number of
days the researchers had to wait for the approval of the request is 4 days. The respondents are
the 12 - grade Senior High School students in Our Lady of Fatima Antipolo City. Conducting
online surveys took the form of a questionnaire and respondents can interact with it through the
use of the internet, the time period that the respondents consumed answering the survey
depends on them. With the approval of relevant entities and a set of questionnaires containing
20 questions. In a week, the researchers gathered data from Monday to Friday with a maximum
of 4 hours every day, but the gathering of 100 respondents was already done by Wednesday
therefore the data were accumulated prior to the said days of gathering. Before approaching a
statistician, the researchers made sure that the sample sizes were gathered completely and
were ready to be O
forwarded
UR LAD and
Y analyzed
O F F A Tusing
I M Athe
U Nappropriate
I V E R S I Tstatistical
Y tools by the 22
statistician.
Population, Sample Size, and Sampling Technique
The population may vary from the study we conduct. It could be the population of fe-
male students in the University that you attend, or the people in a given community, it could be a
group of workers working in a said company. To make it short, a population is a group of individ-
uals that shares the same characteristics or interests. While the sample size is a subset of a pop-
ulation, it consists of individuals that stand for the whole population.
In this study, the research population includes the grade 12 ABM students of Our
Lady of Fatima University. There are 14 sections in the ABM strand and each section consist of
50 students, the computation of the population (N) will be:
𝑛 = 50 𝑥 14
𝑛 = 700
The researchers used Slovin’s formula to calculate the suitable minimum number of
respondents needed from the population. It can be computed by:
Where:
n = number of sample
N = total population
e = error tolerance level

In substituting the variables, we get:
From the total population of 700 of the grade 12 ABM students of Our Lady of Fatima
University, the sample size is 255.

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Appendix 1
LETTER OF REQUEST

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Accountancy, Business and Management
October 13, 2021
Mr. Julieto C. Comendador

SHS Principal
Our Lady of Fatima University – Antipolo Campus
Dearest Sir:
Good day!
We, the Grade 12 students from Our Lady of Fatima University - Antipolo Campus under
the Accountancy, Business and Management strand are requesting from your good office for
permission to conduct our research in partial fulfillment of the requirements in the subject Prac-
tical Research 2 entitled “Factors Affecting the Academic Performance of ABM Students in
Our Lady of Fatima University”

We guarantee you that the information provided will be kept strictly confidential and used
solely for academic purposes only. If you have any questions, you may contact the signatory by
phone at 09155278669 or by email at ktsebua9230ant@student.fatima.edu.ph.
It would be extremely helpful if you can somehow provide your approval on this matter.
Thank you!
Respectfully yours,
KURTNIE ABEGAIL T. SEBUA

Representative
NOTED BY:
Ms. Junalyn P. Samonte

Research Adviser
Appendix 2
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
Dear Respondents,
We are ABM Students of Our Lady of Fatima University. We are administering a
study entitled “Factors Affecting the Academic Performance of Students in Our Lady of
Fatima University” for the partial fulfillment of our Practical Research 2 subject. Your re-
sponses are confidential and you will not be identified in the results of this survey.
Please be open and honest in answering the following questions as this will help us in
attaining the purpose of our study.
Please take your time in answering the following questions. Thank you for your coopera-
tion!
1. Respondent’s Profile
Instruction: Please complete all the needed information and shade the boxes that
correspond to your answer.
1.1
Name (Optional):_ _
1.2
Section:_ _
1.3
 15-17
 18-19
 20 years old and above
1.4
 Male
 Female
2. Factors That Affect Academic Performance
5 - Always
4 - Often
3 - Sometimes
2 - Rarely
1 - Never
2.1 Study Hours 5 4 3 2 1

1. Due to prolonged hours of studying, I usually get so tired that I end
up not participating/listening/attending my class.
2. When I have enough sleep, I actively participate in class discus-

sion.
3. The longer I study, the more I learn.
4. I usually get more achievements in school when I invest a lot of

time studying.
5. My performance in doing my school work gets really poor when

I'm procrastinating.
2.2 Previous Academic Performance 5 4 3 2 1

1. When I did have a below average grade last semester, doubts and
discouragement set in, It greatly obstructed progress in my life
and confines me to average performance and failure.
2. I studied harder when I got a low grade in my previous semester.
3. I felt really shy whenever I received low marks in my previous

quarter. That's why I study hard, so that I won't get low marks
again.
4. I feel hopeless every time I'll receive a low mark on my report card
and sometimes it leads to poor academic performance due to loss
of motivation.
5. Upon receiving low scores, my interest in studying weakens.

2.3 Gender of the Student 5 4 3 2 1

1. Because of being part of LGBTQ, I am experiencing bullying,
chronic sadness and it leads to poorer learning engagement.
2. Being a girl means being powerful and assertive in class and be-
ing kind at the same time.
3. Being a boy is especially prone to getting into mischief, so teach-

ers may interact with them more frequently to keep them focused
on the task at hand.
4. Boys are expected to be more active in physical education and

perform well in sports.
5. I am experiencing peer pressure because being a girl is expected

to be more motivated to perform well in school.
2.4 Attendance and Punctuality 5 4 3 2 1

1. When I attend school regularly, it has been shown to achieve at
higher levels than those days I do not have regular attendance.
2. When I miss out one topic in a specific subject, I also miss out on
tons of knowledge as well as continuity of learning.
3. Absence from school disrupts my learning and hinders progress.
4. My daily presence in class upholds my productivity and increases

my interest to learn.
5. Being on time in school leads to my good academic performance.

Appendix 3
CURRICULUM VITAE
KATRINA LAURENCE F. QUIZON

70 Tupas Street
Brgy, San Pedro, Morong Rizal.
09272993030
Katrinalaurenceq03@gmail.com
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL Our Lady of Fatima University

2020 - present Antipolo City
Accountancy, Business and Manage-
ment │ ABM
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Jesus My Shepherd Montessori School

2016 - 2020 Morong Rizal
AWARDS/HONOR RECEIVED
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL Subject Excellence Award/Dean’s List

Award
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL With High Honors (Grade 7, 8, 9, and 10)

Number Reasoning Smart
Bravo Company Platoon Leader
PERSONAL INFROMATION
DATE OF BIRTH: December 03, 2004

PLACE OF BIRTH: Queen Mary, Cardona Rizal
AGE: 17
SEX: Female
STATUS: Single
FATHER: Laurencio D. Quizon

OCCUPATION: N/A
MOTHER: Maria Lita F. Ferido
OCCUPATION: Self- employed
ANGELICA A. RAMOS
Caluma Compound
San Jose St. Mayamot Antipolo City.
09238564584
angelalejoramos1003@gmail.com

ment │ ABM
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Sta. Elena High School

2016 - 2020 Marikina City
DATE OF BIRTH: July 29, 2003

PLACE OF BIRTH: Malanday, Marikina City
AGE: 18
SEX: Female
STATUS: Single
FATHER: Reynaldo G. Ramos

OCCUPATION: Retired Police
MOTHER: Angelina A. Ramos
OCCUPATION: Vendor
EDELBERT B. REYES
204 Purok Maligaya II Brgy. Mambugan
Antipolo City, Rizal
09665382243
ebreyes0312ant@student.fatima.edu.ph

ment │ ABM
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Mambugan National High School An-

2016 - 2020 tipolo City
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Top student

Nutrition month quizzer top 5
MTOP Top 5
SEMINARS/WORKSHOPS ATTENDED
November 2019 Youth Leadership Conference on Mental

Health, Bullying AND Drug Abuse for
Supreme Student Government Officers at
Ynares Event Center
Disaster Resiliency Youth Volunteers Train-
September 2019 ing at Ynares Event Center
Global Youth Summit 2019 at Mall of Asia

August 2019 Arena
Career Talk at Cubao center

Webi-
nar, “Peep into the new normal towards the
April 27, 2021 horizon of hospitality and tourism industry”
DATE OF BIRTH: May 16, 2004

PLACE OF BIRTH: Malanday, Marikina City
AGE: 17
SEX: Male
STATUS: Single
FATHER: Albert Reyes

OCCUPATION: Business Man
MOTHER: Jonie Reyes
OCCUPATION: Business Woman
RAZMINE ANGEL N. RICARDO

#93 Maries Gulod, St. John St,
Mayamot, Antipolo City
09999685545
rrazmine@gmail.com

ment │ ABM
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Mayamot National High School An-

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Top 3 with honor in Class for 1st Grading
t
(Grade 10)
1st Quarter Best in Health (Grade 10)
1st to 4th Quarter Best Mathematics, Fil-
ipino, MAPEH, Araling Panlipunan, and Sci-
ence (Grade 10)
Top 1 with honor in Class for 2nd - 4th
Grading (Grade 10)
Outstanding Academic Performance as with
Honors (Grade 10)
1st Quarter 8th Achiever (Grade 9)
Best in Attendance (Grade 9)
2nd Quarter 8th Achiever (Grade 8)
DATE OF BIRTH: August 28, 2004

PLACE OF BIRTH: Antipolo City
AGE: 17
SEX: Female
STATUS: Single
FATHER: Raymond R. Ricardo

OCCUPATION: Driver
MOTHER: Maribel N. Ricardo
OCCUPATION: OFW
URIEL JUSTINE D. ROBLES

Block 1 Lot 2 Sitio Malalim San Juan
Baras Province, Rizal
09477056475
urobles5988ant@student.fatima.edu.ph

ment │ ABM
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL San Ildefonso College

2016 - 2020 Tanay, Rizal
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL Conduct Award
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Conduct Award (G7-G10)
2021 RISE UP: Peep into the new normal towards

the horizon of the hospitality and tourism in-
dustry.
DATE OF BIRTH: May 19 2004

PLACE OF BIRTH: Queen Mary Hospital
AGE: 17
SEX: Male
STATUS: Single
FATHER: Ronaldo Herera Robles

OCCUPATION: Farmer/Store Owner
MOTHER: Arlyn De Vela Robles
OCCUPATION: Teacher
JAZZ G. RODRIGUEZ
#44-A Andalucia St., Sitio El Dorado
Brgy. San Jose, Antipolo City, Rizal
09296665657
shadezofslayer09@gmail.com

ment │ ABM
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Rockfort Christian Academy, Inc.

2016 - 2020 Antipolo City, Rizal
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Computer Literate: MS Word,

MS Excel, Power Point

PLACE OF BIRTH: Bacolod City, Negros Occidental
AGE: 17
SEX: Male
STATUS: Single
FATHER: Joselito L. Rodriguez

OCCUPATION: Security Guard
MOTHER: Imee G. Rodriguez
OCCUPATION: Finance Staff
AYANA SALES
Blk 7 lot 7 phs IIB Brgy San Luis
Antipolo City
09673865603
Ayanasales209@gmail.com

ment │ ABM
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Don Antonio De Zuzuarregui Sr

2016 - 2020 Memorial Academy
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL With high honor from 1st grading up to

4th grading
Athletic of the year 2018
With honors from 1st - 2nd grading (gr 9)
With high honor from 3rd - 4th grading (gr 9)
Best In Filipino (grade 9)
Student Teacher of the year in Araling Pan-
lipunan (grade 9)
With honors (grade 8)
With honors (grade 7)
DATE OF BIRTH: July 29, 2004

AGE: 17
SEX: Female
STATUS: Single
FATHER: Joel P. Baquiran

OCCUPATION: Family Business (Secretary)
MOTHER: Jenelyn S. Baquiran
OCCUPATION: OFW
ANGEL NNECOLE SARMIENTO

38 Sitio Taguisan
Brgy. Bagong Nayon 1, Antipolo City
(+63) 9686598248
angelsrmntx28@gmail.com

ment │ ABM
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

2018 - 2020 Don Antonio de Zuzuarregui Academy
Inarawan, Antipolo city
2016 - 2018 Saviour School

Bentley Park subdivision, Antipolo City
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL Subject Excellence

Dean’s List Award
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL With Honors (Grade 7-9)

With High Honors (Grade 10)
Binibining Sipnayan 2016
Poem Recital (1st place)
2021 Preparing SHS Students to become

Tech-Ready for the New Normal
Rise Up- Peep into the new normal
Towards the Horizon and Tourism
Industry

PLACE OF BIRTH: Pandacan, Manila
AGE: 17
SEX: Female
STATUS: Single
FATHER: N/A
OCCUPATION: N/A
MOTHER: Mary Ann L. Sarmiento
OCCUPATION: Import Manager
KURTNIE ABEGAIL T. SEBUA

B8 L5 Sitio Hacienda, SAMALUPA
Brgy. Santa Cruz, Antipolo City
09155278669
abegailsebuax@gmail.com

ment │ ABM
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Sumulong Memorial High School

2016 - 2020 Antipolo City

Award
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL With Honors (Grade 9)

With Honors (Grade 8)
SEMINAR/WORKSHOPS ATTENDED
April 27, 2021 Peep into the New Normal towards the
Horizon of Hospitality and Tourism In-
dustry
DATE OF BIRTH: October 14, 2003

AGE: 18
SEX: Female
STATUS: Single
FATHER: Abenizer C. Sebua Sr.

OCCUPATION: Operational Manager
MOTHER: Leonila T. Sebua
OCCUPATION: Housewife
ASHAIRA JULIENNE F. STO.

TOMAS
16 Filipinas Avenue Dulumbayan
Teresa, Rizal
09977759547
ashairastotomas@gmail.com

ment │ ABM
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL St. Rose of Lima Montessori School

2016 - 2020 Teresa, Rizal

Award
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL With Honors (2020)

Service Award (2020)
Drum & Lyre of the Year (2020)
2021 Coping with Online Learning In Pandemic
Peep into the New Normal towards the

April 27, 2021 Horizon of Hospitality and Tourism Industry
DATE OF BIRTH: November 7, 2003

PLACE OF BIRTH: Antipolo Doctors
AGE: 18
SEX: Female
STATUS: Single
FATHER: Joel E. Sto Tomas

OCCUPATION: Engineer
MOTHER: Amparo F. Sto Tomas
SHANNE VALERIE L. TAN

B4 L33 Antipolo Brittany Exec. Homes 2
Brgy. San Isidro, Antipolo City
09158872498
shannetan7@gmail.com

ment │ ABM

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL Subject Excellence Award/Dean’s List Award
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL With Honors (Grade 7-10)

3rd Place CAPSAA Literary and Musi-
cal Competition Duet (Grade 8)
April 18, 2017 – June 24, 2017 Glee Club Summer Workshop
April 27, 2021 Peep into the New Normal towards the Hori-
zon of Hospitality and Tourism Industry
DATE OF BIRTH: August 28, 2003

PLACE OF BIRTH: Pasay City
AGE: 18
SEX: Female
STATUS: Single
FATHER: Alvin Sandy L. Tan

OCCUPATION: Civil Engineer
MOTHER: Dina L. Tan
OCCUPATION: Admin Officer
THERENZE MARIZ G. TIMARIO

#11 E. Leyva St.
Brgy. Dela Paz, Antipolo City
09750576356
maritimario@gmail.com

ment │ ABM

DATE OF BIRTH: January 20, 2004

AGE: 17
SEX: Female
STATUS: Single
FATHER: Ronualdo Seranillo Timario.

OCCUPATION: Messenger
MOTHER: MA. Theresa Aquino Timario
OCCUPATION: Sales Analyst
NICOLE FRANCHESCA D. VALEZA

034 A. Rodriguez Avenue Felix Subd.
Cainta, Rizal
09325940395
ndvaleza7239ant@student.fatima.edu.ph

ment │ ABM
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Cainta Catholic College

2016 - 2020 Cainta, Rizal
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 3rd quarter Top 1 in Statistics
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 1st Quarter Top 4 in Class (Grade 10)

Homeroom Top Award (grade 9)
Techno Kids Award
DATE OF BIRTH: February 6,2004

PLACE OF BIRTH: Lying- in Clinic
Cainta, Rizal
AGE: 17
SEX: Female
STATUS: Single
FATHER: Manolo V. Valeza

OCCUPATION: Assistant Manager / Salesman
MOTHER: Liberty D.S Valeza
OCCUPATION: Chief Nurse
KYLA C. VILLANUEVA
92 Agnes Ville
Brgy. Mambugan, Antipolo City.
09150167622
Kylavillanueva0619@gmail.com

ment │ ABM
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Mambugan National High School An-

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL Subject Excellence Award/Dean’s List Award

Prince and Princess in MNHS (2nd Runner Up)
4th Place in Spoken Poetry Contest
2021 The Stentor and Umalohokan Workshop

Supreme Student Government Workshop
DATE OF BIRTH: June 19, 2004

PLACE OF BIRTH: Antipolo Doctors
AGE: 17
SEX: Female
STATUS: Single
FATHER: Erizalde L. Villanueva

OCCUPATION: Driver
MOTHER: Marissa C. Villanueva
SEBASTIAN C. VILLARIAS
146 Lower Sto. Nino
Sta Cruz, Antipolo Rizal
09127309806
scvillarias4588ant@student.fatima.edu.ph

ment │ ABM
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Antipolo National High School

2016 - 2020 Sta. Cruz, Rizal

Top 2 (Grade 9)
DATE OF BIRTH: February 22, 2003

PLACE OF BIRTH: Makati City
AGE: 18
SEX: Male
STATUS: Single
FATHER: Julius J. Villarias

OCCUPATION: OFW
MOTHER: Myrna C. Villarias

ABM12-1P G3 PreliminariesAppendices

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OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY

FACTORS AFFECTING THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

A Research Presented to the Faculty of the

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the

Julieto C. Comendador JR, MAED

courage, strength, support, and knowledge we needed to investigate things, for

providing guidance in assisting us in resolving all of the difficulties we encountered, and

for giving us the determination to pursue and complete this research.

To our research adviser, Professor Junalyn P. Samonte, deserves special

always being there for us.

expertise to make this study a reality in any manner.

Thank you very much for your moral support!

Ma. Fatima P. Cueto

December 16, 2021

1. THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTINGS

2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Number Title Page

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTINGS

academic outcomes (Brew et al (2021). According to Chinyoka et al (2013), as cited in Brew et al

absenteeism, availability of textbooks and accessibility, libraries, practical laboratory, meals

provision, and other factors are affecting the Academic performance.

and determination in higher education. Low enthusiasm for learning or excessive

increase the value of education Jayanthi et al (2014).

assigned tasks resulting in better academic performance. Socioeconomic status of a student

performance centered on topics such as teacher education, class environment, gender

impact on the students' level of satisfaction.

and if it influences the quality of implementation of the students.

variables and to recognize the significance of academic success.

impact that their family and peers bring.

the factors affecting the students' academic performance.

Statement of the Problem

This research will answer the following questions:

1. What is the student demographic profile in terms of variables?

Fatima University in terms of the following variables?

2.1 Study Hours

2.2 Previous academic performance

2.3 Attendance and Punctuality

Academic Performance in Grade 12 ABM students of Our Lady of Fatima University.

respondents’ assessment on the factors affecting Academic Performance.

scope of this study.

desired; it would be granted by the researchers.

Significance of the study

Benefiting the study are the various sector as follows:

may avoid poor performance.

elements that influence their children's academic achievement. As a consequence, they'll

have the potential to become leaders in society.

the strongest foundation of each powerful nation.

were conceptually and operationally defined:

the act of attending and a state of being punctual.

Previous academic performance. It is the measured achievement of the students from

their previous academic performance.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND STUDIES

and to answer the problems in the study.

Students’ Academic Performance

student's grades affecting their performances whether it is a negative or a positive result.

teachers' instructional practices and interpersonal connections with students

academic performance. The determinant of academic achievement is a recurring topic in higher

to student participation in homework, assignments, reading, and note-taking, study period

process, students' focus in examinations, and teachers' consulting services. According to

semester Norwegian university students. It results in a burned-out sense to the students

employed a production–function statistical model to predict course grades in a macroeconomics

behaviors related to time management. It is based on a position on effective time management,

importance of effective time management in both academic and professional life.