LESSON 1

RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES

Recreational activity

-means any outdoor activity undertaken for the purpose of exercise, relaxation or pleasure, including
practice or instruction in any such activity.

Recreation

-refers to all those activities that people choose to do to refresh their bodies and minds and make their
leisure time more interesting and enjoyable.

Classification of Recreational Activities

Spectator Type

-the audience,watching the event and derive enjoyment from it.

Participant Type

-they do so by joining the activity.

Active and Passive Type of Recreation

Active Type

-people have to function effectively in performing the action.

Passive Type

-no excessive movement in performing the task or action.

Physical and Mental

Physical Activity

-people exerts efforts/bodily functions in performing the action.

Mental Activity

-only mind doing the functions, less body movement.

Public,Private and Commercial

Public Type

-confined to people working in a private companies.

Public Type

-involves general public.

Commercial Type

-endorsing products which open to everybody.

Recreational Activities

-scrabble,dominoes & snake and ladders.

Characteristics of Recreation

-involves activity,no single form,universally sought and practical & gives direct satisfaction.

Values in Leisure and Recreation

-physical health,psychological health,social well-being,emotional stability and big business.

Scope of Recreation

Indoor Activities

-are ones that happen or are used inside a building and not outside.

Outdoor Activities

-happen or are used outside and not inside in a building.

LESSON 2

Benefits of Outdoor Recreational Activities

Different Outdoor Recreational Activities(land,water and air)

-hiking, camping, mountaineering, cycling, dog walking, canoeing, caving, kayaking, rafting, rock
climbing, running, sailing, skiing, sky diving and surfing.

Benefits of Outdoor Recreation

-fun and pleasure,positive effects on the general wellness of an individual.

Physical Health Benefits

-prevents a person from having a sedentary life,it allows people to move and improve the function of
the immune system.

Psycho-Emotional Benefits

-it helps people to relax,rest, unwind or de-stress and feel revitalized & also improves our self-
esteem,confidence and creativity.
Social Benefits

-are ways for families to become closer,spending time, allows to meet and interact with others.

Economics Benefits

-efficiency at the workplace.

Spiritual Benefits

-it strengthens an individual as it heals,rejuvenate,and sooths the body and soul.

LESSON 3

THE LEAVE NO TRACE SEVEN PRINCIPLES

1. Plan Ahead and Prepare

-Before going to a place,check if your planned activity is permitted.Make sure to know rules,guidelines
and safety procedures they have set.

-plan how to cope emergency arises.

-make sure you have the needed equipment for your activity and the skills needed to undertake the
activity.

2. Travel and Camp on Durable Surfaces

-walk,run,bike or camp on durable surfaces like established tracks,rocks,gravel and dry grasses.

-avoid walking on soft surfaces like soft plants.You might be trampling on a young tree or a pasture and
this will cause vegetation damage.

-use existing trails or campsites,no need to build a new campsite that will alter the environment.

3.Dispose of Waste Properly

-"Pack it in,pack it out",means everything you brought should be brought back with you including left-
over food or fruit peel.Nothing should be left.

4. Leave What You Find

-leave the nature as you found them.Do not take any plants,rocks or marine animal with you.Do not
touch nor leaves marks on them.

5. Minimize Campfire Impacts

-keep fires small and use only sticks from the ground that can be broken by hand.

-burn all wood to ash and make sure fires are completely out.Scatter the cool ash.

6.Respect Wildlife
-do not feed wild animals or birds as it is not their natural food.The food might damage their health or
after their natural behaviours and even expose them to predators.

7.Be Considerate of Other Visitors

-respect other visitors and let them have a momentous experience as well.

-camp away from trails and other visitors.

LESSON 4

AQUATIC ACTIVITIES

Scuba Diving

-is a type of underwater diving whereby divers use breathing equipment that is completely independent
of a surface air supply. The name "scuba", an acronym for "Self-Contained Underwater Breathing
Apparatus", was coined by Christian J. Lambertsen in a patent submitted in 1952.

Hand Signals

-First and foremost, signaling is necessary to communicate intentions and give direction, such as
whether to go up or down. Hand signals also help to maintain safety during a dive. One might ask their
dive buddy if they're okay, how much air they have, or signal a problem.

Equipment

-mask,fins,BCD or BC,regulator,pressure gauge,weights,snorkel,bodysuit,wet suit,dry

suit,gloves,hood,boots,knife,air cylinder or tank,light,watch and scooter.This equipments allows you to
visit the underwater world by making it possible to breathe, see and move comfortably while below the
surface. Gear helps you change from being a land-dweller to somewhat of an aquatic being – if only for a
little while.

Snorkeling

-is the practice of swimming on or through a body of water while equipped with a diving mask, a shaped
breathing tube called a snorkel, and usually swimfins and it only allows you to swim at the water's
surface.

Basic Equipments of Snorkeling

-mask,snorkel,snorkeling fins,snorkel vests,skin protection,swimming cap and mask defogger.

Snorkeling involves exploring underwater with equipment that helps you breathe the surface air and
see clearly under the water. Through snorkeling, you can get a different view of the beautiful ocean
wildlife. But, to fully immerse yourself in the experience, you need to have the appropriate gear.

LESSON 5
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CANOE AND KAYAK

Kayaks vs Canoes

-They are both small boats that are ideal for paddling excursions.They both use paddles and appear
quite similar.Nevertheless these boats have fundamental characteristics in their shape and design that
make them distinctly different.

Major Differences Between Canoe and Kayak

1. Cockpit Design

A canoe larger,entirely open and have no cockpit.A kayak smaller,lighter closed-decked boards.

2.Paddling Techniques

A canoe is single-bladed paddle.A kayak is propelled, double-bladed paddle.

3.Seats

A canoe bench-like seats.A kayak sit on the bottom of the kayak hull and your legs stretched out.

4.Performance

Canoes are suited for calmer waters while kayaks can perform in rougher weather conditions.Most
kayaks can only hold one person while canoes is more spacious can easily fit two or three people.

Pros and Cons of

Canoe Pros

-can easily hold lot of gears,higher carrying capacity and greater comfort,harder to overturn and varry
your sitting position.

Cons

-difficult to learn and master.

-requires more effort to drive.

Pros and Cons of Kayak

Pros

-quickly learn and master basic kayaking skills.

-moves faster with less effort, lighter, easier to transport and greater variety in kayaking disciplines.

Cons

-double-bladed paddles are heavier and very scary moving from flatwater to whitewater.

Parts of Kayak

-Deck,hatch,cockpit,hull and footbrace.

Parts of Canoe

-Stern,gunwale,bow,seat,thwart and yoke.

Lesson 6
Mountineering Activity

-There are two types of camping, frontcountry and backcountry. Frontcountry camping is camping close
to a vehicle, with amenities such as stores and emergency aid. Backcountry camping requires hiking or
canoeing to get to the location or to move from place to place.

-Camping in the backwoods may differ from preparing for camping in eco-parks or camping resorts. The
most effective way to regulate the body temperature is through layering of clothes. Outer layer,
sometimes called shell, is your protection from wind, rain, or snow. The warmth of a sleeping bag is
determined by the kind of insulating material. Mummy-shaped bags are better when trekking because
they are lighter and warmer.

-A small lightweight backpack stove is more efficient than open fire because temperature can be
controlled. Cook pot can double as an eating utensil, if one wants to conserve on space.

-Camping the backcountry provides no toilet facility. As a camping rule, a cat hole must be dug to serve
as toilet. Cat hole is a hole of 6-8 inches deep and 6 inches wide. It should be 200 feet away from
water source, trail, or campsite.

FIRST AID OF COMMON EMERGENCIES IN OUTDOOR ACTIVITY(LESSON 7)

-Blisters are a result of ill-fitting footwear, especially seen among hikers and trekkers. Burns or scalds are
injuries on the skin caused by hot liquid or heat. First degree burns: Immerse in cool water for 10-15
minutes; apply compress if running water is not available. Second degree burn:

-To prevent shock, let the person lie flat and elevate feet for about 12 inches high and cover the
person with coat or blanket

First aid is a combination of simple procedures and an application of some common sense. To treat
minor cuts, scrapes, and punctures, clean them with soap and water then apply antibiotic cream then
cover with sterile bandage and secure using medical tape. Do not apply tourniquet unless the bleeding is
severe and does not stop even after direct pressure. Symptoms of Syndesmotic Sprainpent at the air at
talfor. MStrain is the twisting or pulling of a muscle or tendon.

-First aid is a combination of simple procedures and an application of some common sense. To treat
minor cuts, scrapes, and punctures, clean them with soap and water then apply antibiotic cream then
cover with sterile bandage and secure using medical tape.

Do not apply tourniquet unless the bleeding is severe and does not stop even after direct pressure.
Symptoms of Syndesmotic Sprainpent at the air at talfor. MStrain is the twisting or pulling of a muscle or
tendon.

-Fracture involves the breaking of a bone. Concussion is atraumatic brain injury that is often caused by a
blow or bump to the head or body.

COMMON ILLNESSES OR SICKNESS EXPERIENCED IN

OUTDOOR RECREATION

(LESSON 8 )

-Altitude sickness may range from mild to life-threatening situations. Triggering factors may be
ascending too quickly, overexertion in ascent, inadequate fluid intake, hypothermia, and alcohol
consumption.

- Over-the-counter medicines may be taken such as paracetamol, ibuprofen, or aspirin to prevent

further discomfort. One should also observe the source of problem as it may just be a symptom of
something else. Hyperthermia is a condition where the body produces or absorbs heat more than it can
dissipate.

-This may be caused by an increase in air temperature, solar or reflected radiation, poor ventilation in
clothing, low fitness level. Emergency treatment should be sought when the person has HAPE and
exhibits the following progression of symptoms:. Shortness of breath at rest or experience tightness of
chest. Gurgling or rattling breaths. Cough with frothy or pink sputum. Lips or fingernails turn bluish or
grayish.

-Hyperthermia occurs when the body chills faster than the body's ability to produce heat due to
exposure to cold, wet and/or windy weather. First aid must be administeredquickly:. Move the person
to a sheltered area and restore warmth slowly. Remove wet clothes and replace with dry clothes. Wrap
with blankets or sleeping bag. Find ways for the victim to stay conscious.
RISK MANAGEMENT OF OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES
(LESSON 9)

-Risk Management of Outdoor Activities - Risk Identification, Assessment, and Reduction. Hazards are
things that have the potential to harm while risk is the likelihood of realizing such potential. There are
three sources of hazards that may give rise to the risks. One can find ways to manage and reduce the
risk of accidents. Risk assessment now includes understanding the degree of the risk and the probability
or likelihood of it happening or occurring.

-There are hazards that are not as easily defined such as the attitude or state of mind of participants. If
one factor conflicts with another factor, there might be a great potential for accident.

-Pre-trip planning is basically having an understanding and knowledge of how the activity will go in a
specific place at a specific date and time. Qualification and training of conduct or coordinate activities
there are specific skill crucial to conduct and facilitate outdoor recreational acti very important role in
the safety of participants.

SAFETY RISK AND

MANAGEMENT PLAN

(LESSON 10)

-A risk management plan is a document that a project manager prepares to foresee risks, estimate
impacts, and define responses to risks. It also contains a risk assessment matrix. A risk is "an uncertain
event or condition that, if it occurs, has a positive or negative effect on a project's objectives."

-A Risk Management Plan (RMP) is prepared by a project manager to address risks, their potential
impact on a program and consists of ways to reduce these risks. The RMP tells the government and
contractor team how they plan on reducing risks to a certain level by a certain time.