ST.

JOSEPH’S CONVENT SCHOOL INDORE

CHAPTER 1 PHYSICS
WORKSHEET
ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS

Question 1.
Which orientation of an electric dipole in a uniform electric field would correspond to stable equilibrium?

Question 2.
If the radius of the Gaussian surface enclosing a charge is halved, how does the electric flux through the
Gaussian surface change ?

Question 3.
Define the term electric dipole moment of a dipole. State its S.I. unit

Question 4.
In which orientation, a dipole placed in a uniform electric field is in

 stable,

 unstable equilibrium ?

Question 5.
Figure shows three point charges, +2q, -q and + 3q. Two charges +2q and -q are enclosed within a
surface ‘S’. What is the electric flux due to this configuration through the surface ‘S’

Question 6.
Name the physical quantity whose S.I. unit is JC-1. Is it a scalar or a vector quantity?
 Physical quantity whose S.I. unit is JC-1 is Electric potential.
 It is a Scalar quantity.

Question 7.
Define electric dipole moment. Write its S.I. unit.

Question 8.
Why should electrostatic field be zero inside a conductor?

Question 9.
Why must electrostatic field be normal to the surface at every point of a charged conductor?

Question 10.
A charge ‘q’ is placed at the centre of a cube of side l. What is the electric flux passing through each face
of the cube?

Question 11.
A charge ‘q’ is placed at the centre of a cube of side l. What is the electric flux passing through two
opposite faces of the cube?

Question 12.
Depict the direction of the magnetic field lines due to a circular current carrying loop.
Question 13.
What is the direction of the electric field at the surface of a charged conductor having charge density σ <
0?

Question 14.
Why do the electric field lines not form closed loops?

Question 15.
Is the electric field due to a charge configuration with total charge zero, necessarily zero? Justify.

Question 16.
Two charges of magnitudes – 2Q and + Q are located at points (a, 0) and (4a,0) respectively. What is the
electric flux due to these charges through a sphere of radius ‘3a’ with its centre at the origin?

Question 17.
Two charges of magnitudes -3Q and + 2Q are located at points (a, 0) and (4a, 0) respectively. What is the
electric flux due to these charges through a sphere of radius ‘5a’ with its centre at the origin?

Question 18.
Write the expression for the work done on an electric dipole of dipole moment p in turning it from its
position of stable equilibrium to a position of unstable equilibrium in a uniform electric field E.

Question 19.
Why do the electrostatic field lines not form closed loops?

Question 20.
Why do the electric field lines never cross each other?

Question 21.

distance ‘d’ apart as shown in the figure. The electric field intensity is zero at a point ’P’ on the line joining
them as shown. Write two conclusions that you can draw from this.

Question 22. What is the electric flux through a cube of side 1 cm which encloses an electric dipole?

Question 23.
Why are electric field lines perpendicular at a point on an equipotential surface of a conductor?

Question 24.

Is the potential difference VA – VB positive, negative or zero?

Question 25.
How does the electric flux due to a point charge enclosed by a spherical Gaussian surface get affected
when its radius is increased?
 Question 26.
Show on a plot the nature of variation of the

 Electric field (E) and

 potential (V), of a (small) electric dipole with the distance (r) of the field point from the centre of the
dipole.

Question 27.
Does the charge given to a metallic sphere depend on whether it is hollow or solid? Give reason for your
answer.

Question 28.
Draw a plot showing variation of electric field with distance from the centre of a solid conducting sphere of
radius R, having a charge of +Q on its surface.

Question 29.
A point charge +Q is placed in the vicinity of a conducting surface. Draw the electric field lines between the
surface and the charge.

Question 30.
Derive an expression for the torque experienced by an electric dipole kept in a uniform electric field.

Question 31.
Define electric flux. Write its S.I. unit.
A charge q is enclosed by a spherical surface of radius R. If the radius is reduced to half, how would the
electric flux through the surface change?

Question 32.
A spherical conducting shell of inner radius rx and outer radius r2 has a charge ‘Q’. A charge ‘q’ is placed
at the centre of the shell.
(a) What is the surface charge density on the
(i) inner surface,
(ii) outer surface of the shell?
(b) Write the expression for the electric field at a point x > r2 from the centre of the shell.

Question 33.
Show that the electric field at the surface of a charged conductor is given by , where σ is the
surface charge density and h is a unit vector normal to the surface in the outward direction.

Question 34.
A thin straight infinitely long conducting wire having charge density X is enclosed by a cylindrical surface of
radius r and length l, its axis coinciding with the length of the wire. Find the expression for the electric flux
through the surface of the cylinder.

Question 35.
Plot a graph showing the variation of coulomb force (F) versus , where r is the distance between the
two charges of each pair of charges : (1µC, 2µC) and (2µC, – 3µC). Interpret the graphs obtained.

Question 36.
A hollow cylindrical box of length 1m and area of cross-section 25 cm2 is placed in a three dimensional
coordinate system as shown in the figure. The electric field in the region is given by where E is
in NC-1 and x is in metres. Find
 Net flux through the cylinder.
 Charge enclosed by the cylinder.
Question 37.
Given a uniform electric field , find the flux of this field through a square of 10 cm
on a side whose plane is parallel to the y-z plane. What would be the flux through the same square if the
plane makes a 30° angle with the x-axis?

Question 38.
Given a uniform electric field = 2 × 103 N/ C, find the flux of this field through a square of side 20 cm,
whose plane is parallel to the y-z plane. What would be the flux through the same square, if the plane
makes an angle of 30° with the x-axis?

Question 39.
Given a uniform electric field N/C. Find the flux of this field through a square of 5 cm on a
side whose plane is parallel to the Y-Z plane. What would be the flux through the same square if the plane
makes a 30° angle with the x-axis?

Question 40.
A small metal sphere carrying charge +Q is located at the centre of a spherical cavity in a large uncharged
metallic spherical shell. Write the charges on the inner and outer surfaces of the shell. Write the
expression for the electric field at the point P1 .

Question 41.
An electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field with its dipole moment parallel to the field. Find
(i) the work done in turning the dipole till its dipole moment points in the direction
opposite to .
(ii) the orientation of the dipole for which the torque acting on it becomes maximum.

Question 42.
A sphere S1 of radius r1 encloses a net charge Q. If there is another concentric sphere S2 of radius r2 (r2 >
r,) enclosing charge 2Q, find the ratio of the electric flux through S1 and S2. How will the electric flux
through sphere S1 change if a medium of dielectric constant K is introduced in the space inside S2 in place
of air?

Question 43.
Define the term ‘electric flux’. Write its S.I. units. What is the flux due to electric field N/C
through a square of side 10 cm, when it is held normal to if?

Electric Charges and Fields Class 12 Important Questions Short Answer Type
Question 44.
A thin conducting spherical shell of radius R has charge Q spread uniformly over its surface. Using
Gauss’s law, derive an expression for an electric field at a point outside the shell.
Draw a graph of electric field E(r) with distance r from the centre of the shell for 0 ≤ r ≤ ∞

Question 45.
State Gauss’ law in electrostatics. Using this law derive an expression for the electric field due to a
uniformly changed infinite plane sheet.

Question 46.
State ‘Gauss law’ in electrostatics. Use this law to derive an expression for the electric field due to an
infinitely long straight wire of linear charge density λ cm-1
Answer:
Gauss’s law in electrostatics : It states that “the total electric flux over the surface S in vaccum is times
the total charge (q).”

Question 47.
A positive point charge (+ q) is kept in the vicinity of an uncharged conducting plate. Sketch electric field
lines originating from the point on to the surface of the plate.
Derive the expression for the electric field at the surface of a charged conductor.

Question 48.
Use Gauss’s law to derive the expression for the electric field between two uniformly charged large parallel
sheets with surface charge densities a and -a respectively.distance r from the sheet where we have to find

Question 49.
State Gauss’s law.
A thin straight infinitely long conducting wire of linear charge density ‘X’ is enclosed by a cy¬lindrical
surface of radius V and length ‘l’—its axis coinciding with the length of the wire. Obtain the expression for
the electric field, indi¬cating its direction, at a point on the surface of the cylinder.

Question 50.
(a) Define electric flux. Write its S.I. units.
(b) Consider a uniform electric field
= 3 × 103 N/C. Calculate the flux of this field through a square surface of area 10 cm2 when
(i) its plane is parallel to the y-z plane, and
(ii) the normal to its plane makes a 60° angle with the x-axis.

Question 51.
Two charged spherical conductors of radii R1 and R2 when connected by a conducting wire acquire
charges q1 and q2 respectively. Find the ratio of their surface charge densities in terms of their radii. (Delhi
2014)

Question 52.
Two point charges + q and -2q are placed at the vertices ‘B’ and ‘C’ of an equilateral triangle ABC of side as
given in the figure. Obtain the expression for (i) the magnitude and

(ii) the direction of the resultant electric field at the vertex A due to these two charges.
Question 53.
Two point charges + 3q and – 4q are placed at the vertices ‘B’ and ‘C’ of an equilateral triangle ABC of
side ‘a’ as given in the figure. Obtain the expression for

(i) the magnitude and

(ii) the direction of the resultant electric field at the vertex A due to these two charges.

Question 54.
An electric dipole of dipole moment is placed in a uniform electric field ?. Obtain the expression for
the torque experienced by the dipole. Identify two pairs of perpendicular vectors in the expression.
(ii) Two pairs of perpendicular vectors are,
(a) is perpendicular to
(b) is perpendicular to

Question 55.
(a) Two spherical conductors of radii Ra and R2 (R2 > R1) are charged. If they are connected by a
conducting wire, find out the ratio of the surface charge densities on them.
(b) A steady current flows in a metallic conductor of non-uniform cross-section. Which of these
quantities isconstant along the conductor : current, current density, electric field, drift speed?
(c) When two charged spherical conductors of Radii R1 and R2 respectively (R2 > R1) are connected by a
conducting wire, we know that the common potential (V) is given by,

Question 56.
A charge is distributed uniformly over a ring of radius ‘a’. Obtain an expression for the electric intensity E ata
point on the axis of the ring. Hence show that for points at large distances from the ring, it behaves like a
point charge.

Question 57.
Two thin concentric and coplanar spherical shells, of radii a and b (b > a) carry charges, q and Q,
respectively. Find the magnitude of the electric field, at a point distant x, from their common centre for
(i) 0 < x < a
(ii) a ≤ x < b
(iii) b ≤ x < ∞

Question 58.
A charge +Q, is uniformly distributed within a sphere of radius R. Find the electric field, due to this charge
distribution, at a point distant r from the centre of the sphere where :
(i) 0 < r < R and
(ii) r > R

Question 59.
(i) Derive the expression for electric field at a point on the equatorial line of an electric dipole.
(ii) Depict the orientation of the dipole in
(a) stable,
(b) unstable equilibrium in a uniform electric field.
 Question 60.
(i) Obtain the expression for the torque experienced by an electric dipole of dipole moment in a
uniform electric ?
(ii) What will happen if the field were not uniform?

Question 61.
State Gauss’s law in electrostatics. Derive an expression for the electric field due to an infinitely long
straight uniformly charged wire.

Electric Charges and Fields Class 12 Important Questions Long Answer Type
Question 62.
(a) Using Gauss’ law, derive an expression for the electric field intensity at any point outside a uniformly
charged thin spherical shell of radius R and charge density a C/m 2. Draw the field lines when the charge
density of the sphere is
(i) positive,
(ii) negative.
(b) A uniformly charged conducting sphere of 2.5 m in diameter has a surface charge density of 100
µC/m2. Calculate the
(i) charge on the sphere
(ii) total electric flux passing through the sphere.

Question 63.
(a) Define electric flux. Write its SI units.
(b) The electric field components due to a charge inside the cube of side 0.1 m are as shown :
Ex = ax, where α = 500 N/C-m

Calculate
(i) the flux through the cube, and
(ii) the charge inside the cube.

Question 64.
(a) Define electric flux. Write its S.I. units.
(b) Using Gauss’s law, prove that the electric field at a point due to a uniformly charged infinite plane sheetis
independent of the distance from it.
(c) How is the field directed if
(i) the sheet is positively charged,
(ii) negatively charged? (Delhi 2012)

Question 65.
(a) Define electric flux. Write its S.I. unit.
(b) A small metal sphere carrying charge +Q is located at the centre of a spherical cavity inside a large
uncharged metallic spherical shell as shown in the figure the expressions for the electric field at
points P1 and P2.
(c) Draw the pattern of electric field lines in this arrangement.
 Question 66.
Define electric dipole moment. Is it a scalar or a vector? Derive the expression for the electric field of a
dipole at a point on the equatorial plane of the dipole.

Question 67.
Using Gauss’ law deduce the expression for the electric field due to a uniformly charged spherical
conducting shell of radius R at a point
(i) outside and
(ii) inside the shell.
Plot a graph showing variation of electric field as a function of r > R and r < R (r being the distance from
the centre of the shell)

Question 68.
Using Gauss’s law, derive the expression for the electric field at a point
(i) outside and
(ii) inside a uniformly charged thin spherical shell. Draw a graph showing electric field E as a function of
distance from the centre.

Question 69.
(a) Deduce the expression for the torque acting on a dipole of dipole moment in the presence of a
uniform electric field E.
(b) Consider two hollow concentric spheres, S1 and S2, enclosing charges 2Q and 4Q respectively as
shown in the figure.
(i) Find out the ratio of the electric flux through them.
(ii) How will the electric flux through the sphere S1 change if a medium of
dielectric constant ‘εr‘ is introduced in the space inside S1, in place of air?
Deduce the necessary expression.

Question 70.
(a) An electric dipole of dipole moment consists of point charges + q and – q separated by a distance
2a apart. Deduce the expression for the electric field due to the dipole at a distance x from the centre of
the dipole on its axial line in terms of the dipole moment ?. Hence show that in the limit x >> a, —>2
(4πε0x3).

Question 71.
(a) Define electric flux. Write its S.I. unit. “Gauss’s law in electrostatics is true for any closed surface, no
matter what its shape or size is”. Justify this statement with the help of a suitable example.
(b) Use Gauss’s law to prove that the electric field inside a uniformly charged spherical shell is zero. (All
India)
Question 72.
(a) Derive the expression for the energy stored in a parallel plate capacitor. Hence obtain the expression
for the energy density of the electric field.
(b) A fully charged parallel plate capacitor is connected across an uncharged identical capacitor. Show that
the energy stored in the combination is less than that stored initially in the single capacitor. (All India 2015)

Question 73.
(i) Use Gauss’s law to find the electric field due to a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet. What is the
direction of field for positive and negative charge densities?
(ii) Find the ratio of the potential differences that must be applied across the parallel and series
combination of two capacitors Cj and C2 with their capacitances in the ratio 1 : 2 so that the energy stored
in the two cases becomes the same.

Question 74.
(a) Derive an expression for the electric field E due to a dipole of length ‘2a’ at a point distant r from the
centre of the dipole on the axial line. (b) Draw a graph of E versus r for r >> a.
(c) If this dipole were kept in a uniform external electric field diagrammatically represent the position of the
dipole in stable and unstable equilibrium and write the expressions for the torque acting on the dipole in
both the cases.

Question 75.
(a) Use Gauss’s theorem to find the electronic field due to a uniformly charged infinitely large plane thin
sheet with surface charge density a.
(b) An infinitely large thin plane sheet has a uniform surface charge density +a. Obtain the expression for
the amount of work done in bringing a point charge q from infinity to a point, distant r, in front of the
charged plane sheet.

Question 76.
(a) State Gauss’ law. Using this law, obtain the expression for the electric field due to an infinitely long
straight conductor of linear charge density X.
(b) A wire AB of length L has linear charge density λ = kx, where x is measured from the end A of the wire.
This wire is enclosed by a Gaussian hollow surface. Find the expression for the electric flux through this
surface.

Question 77.
Two point charges 4 (J.C and +1 pC are separated by a distance of 2 m in air. Find the point on the line-
joining charges at which the net electric field of the system is zero.