Lumbini International Academy of Science and Technology

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND PUBLIC

AWARENESS (DRM 622)

 Be Aware and Get Prepared !

 LECTURE 3:
 Policy
Environment And Institutional
Set Up For Disaster Preparedness In
Nepal And Across Globe
 TIMELINE OF EVENTS INDICATING THE
MAJOR ACTS AND POLICIES
FORMULATED FOR DRR IN NEPAL

2014
Jure 2015 2017
Landslide Gorkha Terai Flood
Earthquake

2074
Disaster Risk
Reduction and
Management Act

Ongoing!!!!
Disaster Risk Reduction Policy –In line with Sendai Framework
(2015-2030)-Draft Prepared
Strategic Action Plan for DRR in Nepal-Draft Prepared
EXISTING LEGISLATIONS AND POLICIESFOR DRR
IN NEPAL
 Natural Calamity (Relief ) Act, 1982, till date two amendments in 1989 and 1992
 Local Self Governance Act, 1999
 GovernmentWork Division Regulation, 2012
 National Strategy for Disaster Risk Management, 2009 with 29 Strategies
 Rescue and Relief Standards, 2007, till date, two amendments in 2007 and 2012
 National Disaster Response Framework, 2012 with 49 different actions
 Disaster Preparedness and Response Plan Guideline, 2011
 Local Disaster Risk Management Guideline, 2012
 Prime Minister Disaster Response Fund Guideline 2006, 1st amendment 2007
 Post-Disaster Dead-body management Guideline, 2012
 Decision about Open Space in Kathmandu Valley by Cabinet on 2013
 National Strategic Action Plan on Search and Rescue, 2014
 National Platform on Disaster Risk Reduction in 2008, now turned as a loose-
network from 2012
 NRRC/Five Flagship/11 Clusters/NGOs Networks/DRRPlatform
 Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act-2017
 Local Governance Act -2017
 National Disaster Risk Reduction Policy and Strategic Action Plan- In process
(Draft Prepared)
NATURAL DISASTER (RELIEF) ACT- 1982
Institutional Set Up as per ReliefAct-1982
 Natural Disaster (Relief) Act- 1982

- Focused on post-disaster relief and rescue and aimed to protect

human lives and properties. Ministry of home affairs (MOHA) as
the nodal agency for disaster management
- Provision for the establishment of a central natural disaster relief
committee (CNDRC) chaired by the home minister to coordinate
rescue and relief as well as make and implement policy decisions
- Provision of a relief and rescue sub-committee (RRSC), supply,
shelter and rehabilitation sub-committee (SSRSC), regional natural
disaster relief committees (RNDRC), district natural disaster relief
committees (DNDRC) and local natural disaster relief committees
(LNDRC)
- Chief district officers were given the responsibility to head district-
level efforts
 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR DISASTERRISK
MANAGEMENT (NSDRM-2009)
 National Strategy for Disaster Risk Management (NSDRM) adopted in 2009 –
Based on Five Key Priorities of Hyogo Framework
 Strongly advocates for
 Integrating riskreduction concerns –safeguarding lives and livelihoods
through disaster resilience, and developing the institutional and policy
framework
 Protecting citizens from avoidable disaster –in recognition of their rights
to a dignified life andlivelihood
 Four Guiding Principles:
(1)incorporating the disaster riskmanagement issues identified in the
National Development plans;
(2)the inclusion of cross-cutting issues in planning and implementation (human
rights, gender and social inclusion, decentralization and local self-governance,
staff safety and security);
(3)acceptance of a cluster approach to create sectoral working groups in line
with the policy of the UN Inter-Agency Standing Committee approach;
(4)and using the five key priorities in the Hyogo Framework forAction (2015-
2030) as logical steps towards achievingDRR

NSDRM as a resource for specific action planning is the attention to

disaster management strategies in the different sectors
NEPAL RISK REDUCTION CONSORTIUM(NRRC)
chaired by HomeSecretary
 Building on NSDRM, NRRC was formed in 2009 to support the Government of
Nepal in developing a long term Disaster Risk Reduction Action Plan
 Members are: Asian Development Bank (ADB), the International Federation of
the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), United Nations Development
Programme (UNDP), UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
(OCHA), UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR) and the World
Bank
 The consortium identified five flagships program areas of immediate action for
disaster risk management in Nepal
 1. School and hospital safety- structural and non-structural aspects of making schools
and hospitals earthquake resilient
 2. Emergency preparedness and response capacity
 3. Flood management in the Koshi river basin
 4. Integrated community based disaster risk reduction/management
 5. Policy/Institutional support for disaster riskmanagement

29 Strategies in total under five flagships programs (Only 5 strategies successfully

implemented)

There is also a National Platform for DRR, a multisector and interdisciplinary national
mechanism for coordination and policy guidance on disaster risk reduction
 Guidance Note
Disaster Preparedness and Response Planning
2011
Conceptual Framework for Disaster Preparedness Planning

Implement Action Plan

C O O R D I NAT I O N

Disaster Preparedness and

F O L L O W UP &R E V I EW
Response Plan
Organize Final Workshop

Organize Meeting/s
with Partners
Review Existing
Information/Documents
Identify Humanitarian
Partners
NATIONAL DISASTER FRAMEWORK (NDRF), 2013 /CUSTER
APPROACH/EMERGENCY OPERATION CENTRES/DPRP

• NDRF clarifies roles and responsibilities of related stakeholders involved in disaster risk
management in Nepal including actions to be taken before, during and after the disasters
• 11 clusters with their contingency plans, Guidance note for preparing Disaster Preparedness
Plan (District Disaster Preparedness and Response Plans (DPRP), Local level Disaster Risk
Management Plan (LDRMP), District Disaster Management Plan (DDMP)
• District Lead Support Agencies (DLSA) in all 75 districts among national and international
agencies to support DDRC for preparing District Disaster Preparedness and Response Plans
(DPRP)
Institutional Map for Disaster Risk Reduction
Initiatives in Nepal (Until Now)
KEY STAKEHOLDERS AND LINE AGENCIES INVOLVED IN
INFORMATION EXCHANGE FOR EARLY WARNING

•
 INSTITUTIONAL SET UP IN ACCORDANCE
WITH DRRMACT-2074
1. National Council for Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
2. Executive Committee
3. National Authority for Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
a. National Emergency Operation Centre
4. Provincial Disaster Management Committee
5. District Disaster Management Committee
a. District Emergency Operation Centre
6. Local Disaster Management Committee
a. Local Emergency Operation Centre
b. Ward Level Disaster Preparedness and Response Committee
7. Security Agencies
8. Fire Brigades
9. Public Organizations and Business Enterprises
INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE (DRRM ACT-2017)
National Council for Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management
Chaired by Prime Minister
Member Secretary-Chief of Authority

Executive Committee Chaired

by Home Minister
Member Secretary- Chief of Authority

National Authority for DisasterRisk

Security Reduction and Management Focal Points for Disaster
agencies Chief: Expert Appointed by Government Risk Reduction and
Management

Fire brigades Provincial Disaster Management Provincial line agencies for

Committee Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management

Public organizations District Disaster Management

and business Committee District line agencies for Disaster
Risk Reduction and
enterprises Management

Academic and
research Local Disaster Management
institutions Committee

Local Governance Act 2017has provided the rural and urban municipalities the sole
responsibilities of disaster management at local level
 GUIDING
DOCUMENT/FRAMEWORK FOR
DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
ACROSS GLOBE
 Global and Regional Commitments

Government of Nepal has been participating in all

world conferences on disaster management
(Yokohama, 1994; Hyogo 2005; and Sendai
2015), global platforms which occurs in two year
intervals from 2007 onwards, and in the
Ministerial Conferences on Disaster Risk
Reduction in Asia.
Moreover, Nepal is one of the signatories to these
world conferences and has expressed commitment
to fulfill its obligations and priority action within
the given time frame
Yokohama Strategy and Plan
of Action for a Safer World

World Conference on Natural Disaster Reduction, held in

Yokohama, Japan, from 23 May to 27 May 1994. It provides
guidelines for natural disaster prevention, preparedness and
mitigation.

It was the main outcome of the mid-term review of the

International Decade of Natural Disaster Reduction
(IDNDR) and established 10 principles for its strategy, a
plan of action and a follow-up.
 ALREADY PHASED OUTAND REPLACED BY SENDAI
FRAMEWORK 2015-2030

 Hyogo Framework for Action2005-2015

 Building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters
 Adopted by 168 Governments at the World Conference on Disaster
Reduction, held in Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan, 18-22 January
2005
 The HFA identified five separate priorities for action

1.Making disaster risk reduction a priority;

2.Improving risk information and early warning;
3.Building a culture of safety and resilience;
4.Reducing the risks in key sectors;
5.Strengthening preparedness for response.
 Sendai Framework
for Disaster Risk Reduction
2015-2020
o Adopted at the Third United Nations World
Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction,
held from 14 to 18 March 2015 in
o Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
o Addresses lessons learned, gaps
identified and future challenges across
Hyogo Framework of Action
o Replaces Hyogo Framework of Action

Four Priorities
1.Understanding disaster risk;
2.Strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster
risk;
3.Investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience;
4.Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response,
and to "Build Back Better" in recovery, rehabilitation and
reconstruction.
 Sendai framework-The Seven Global Targets

(a) Substantially reduce global disaster mortality by 2030, aiming to

lower average per 100,000 global mortality rate in the decade 2020-
2030 compared to the period 2005-2015.
(b) Substantially reduce the number of affected people globally by
2030, aiming to lower average global figure per 100,000 in the
decade 2020 -2030 compared to the period 2005-2015.
(c) Reduce direct disaster economic loss in relation to global gross
domestic product (GDP) by 2030.
(d) Substantially reduce disaster damage to critical infrastructure and
disruption of basic services, among them health and educational
facilities, including through developing their resilience by 2030.
(e) Substantially increase the number of countries with national and
local disaster risk reduction strategies by 2020.
(f) Substantially enhance international cooperation to developing
countries through adequate and sustainable support to complement
their national actions for implementation of this Framework by
2030.
(g) Substantially increase the availability of and access to multi-
hazard early warning systems and disaster risk information and
assessments to the people by 2030
Thank you