Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

10 Zest for Progress

Z Peal of artnership

4th QUARTER – Module 3:

INTERPRETING MEASURES OF POSITION

Name of Learner: ___________________________

Grade & Section: ___________________________
Name of School: ___________________________
Mathematics – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 - Module 3: Interpreting Measures of Position
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Mildred P. Caceres
Editors: Rosemary B. Garcia
Elizabeth M. Raciles, Ed.D.
Illustrator: Mildred P. Caceres
Layout Artist: Zandro G. Sepe, M.S.
Reviewers: EPS, Mathematics Vilma A. Brown, Ed.D.
Principal Zandro G. Sepe, M.S.
Management Team: SDS Roy C. Tuballa, EMD, JD, CESO VI
ASDS Jay S. Montealto, CESO VI
ASDS Norma T. Francisco, Ed.D.,CESE
EPS Mathematics Vilma A. Brown, Ed.D.
EPS LRMS Aida F. Coyme, Ed.D.

Printed in the Philippines

Department of Education – Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
Office Address: Tiguma, Airport Road, Pagadian City
Telefax: (062) – 215 – 3751; 991 – 5975
E-mail Address: region9@deped.gov.ph

1
Introductory Message
This Self – Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue
your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and
discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you
discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell
you if you can proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your
teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you
need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each
activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our
facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your
home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use
a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. Read the instructions carefully
before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.

What I Need to Know

In our country, all Grade 9 students are required to take the National Career
Assessment Examination (NCAE) which is intended to predict which profession
matches their skills and interests. The graduating students may use these results as
their guide on what track to take when they proceed to Senior High School.

If you have seen your result on this test, it does not only show the student’s
percentage score but also your individual percentile rank. Do you have any idea on
what your rank means? The percentile rank relates a student’s score to those of the
other examinees.

In this module, you will know more about solving percentile rank, and
interpreting the computed measures of position. As you go through this module, you
will be able to answer questions like: How can the position of data be described and
used in solving real-life problems? What is the importance of interpreting measures of
position?

2
 At the end of this module, you are expected to interpret measures of position
(M10SP-IVc-1):
• Interpret the computed upper and lower quartile of ungrouped data
• Interpret the computed deciles of ungrouped data
• Interpret the computed percentile of ungrouped data
• Interpret the computed percentile rank of a specific value in ungrouped set
of data

What I Know
Directions: Choose the letter that corresponds to your answer. Write your answer on
a separate sheet.

1. Agapito Flores ranks 10th in a class of 40. What is Agapito Flores percentile
rank?
A. 90 B. 75 C. 30 D.10
2. Consider the score distribution of 15 students below:
83 72 87 79 82 77 80 73 86 81 79 82 79 74 74

How can median be interpreted?

A. Seven students scored below and above 79.
B. Seven students scored below 79.
C. Fourteen students scored below 79.
D. Seven students scored above 79.

3. The third quartile of the ages of 1600 Grade 10-students is 18 years. Which of
the following statements is TRUE?
A. One thousand four hundred students are older than 18 years old.
B. Majority of the students are above 18 years old.
C. Seventy-five percent of the students are 18 years old and below.
D. Seven Hundred Fifty students are 18 years old.

4. Francis’ score in a 75-item test was the median score. What is his percentile
rank?
A. 35th B. 50th C. 75th D. 25th

5. Fifty employees of a certain private company were rated and ranked. Those
who are above the 90th percentile rank received an additional incentive. How
many of the employees received an additional incentive?
A. 45 B. 10 C. 5 D. 2

3
 What’s In

ACTIVITY Do you have a sharp memory?

Direction: Answer the activity as fast as you can. Write your answers on a separate
sheet.

The following are scores of 10 students in their 40-item quiz:

34 23 15 27 36 21 20 13 33 25

1. What are the scores of the students which are less than or equal to 25% of the data?
___________________________________________________________________

2. What are the scores of the students which are less than or equal to 65% of the data?
___________________________________________________________________

3. What are the scores of the students which are less than or equal to 8% of the data?
___________________________________________________________________

What’s New

ACTIVITY

Directions: Read the situation carefully and answer the questions that follow. Write
your answer on a separate sheet.

A non-government organization grants scholarship to students based on their

academic performance, in comparison with other applicants. There is a total of 1500
applicants.
Full scholarship Full Scholarship Partial Partial
with Allowance without Scholarship with Scholarship
allowance Allowance without
allowance
95th to 99th 90th to 94th 85th to 89th 80th to 84th
Percentile Percentile percentile percentile

QUESTIONS:
1. How many students were not granted any scholarship?
2. How many students were granted full scholarship with allowance?
3. How many students were granted partial scholarship without allowance?

4
 What is It

LESSON Interpreting Measures of Position

1

A How to interpret computed lower and upper quartiles of ungrouped data?

LOWER AND UPPER QUARTILES

Recall that quartiles divide a distribution into four equal parts, and that the

Lower or first quartile (𝑄1) means there are 25% of the data fall below
or equal to 𝑄1 and 75% of the data is above 𝑄1.
Upper and third quartile (𝑄3 ) means there are 75% of the data fall below
or equal to 𝑄3 and 25% of the data is above 𝑄3 .

EXAMPLE

A group of students obtained the following scores in their latest 30-item quiz
in Math 10, find the lower quartile and upper quartile, and interpret the results.

7 10 11 19 19 21 24 24 26 27 30
ANSWER:

By computation, the first quartile and third quartile is 11 and 26,

respectively.

7, 10, 11, 19, 19, 21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 30

Q1 Q3
Thus,

GIVEN INTERPRETATION/S
It means that 25% of the students have scores
1st Quartile 11 lower than or equal to 11 while 75% have scores
higher than 11.
3rd Quartile 26 It means that 75% of the students have scores
lower than or equal to 26 while 25% have scores
higher than 26.

5
 B How to interpret the computed deciles of ungrouped data?

DECILES FOR UNGROUPED DATA

Deciles show the 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and
90% of the scores, such that 10% of the data fall below or equal to D1 and
90% of the distribution is above D1, 20% of the distribution fall below or equal
to D2, and so on.

EXAMPLES

1. Mrs. Magalang gave a test to her students in Statistics. The students finished their
test in 35 minutes. This time is the 2.5th decile of the allotted time. What does it
mean?

D2.5
35 minutes

GIVEN INTERPRETATION/S

The students finished the test in less than or equal

to 35 minutes which is 25% lower than the allotted
2.5th Decile 35 minutes time. (Giving a low quartile or percentile would be
considered good because the students finished
the test earlier than the given time frame.)

2. Florence works as a Covid-19 nurse in a private hospital in Zamboanga City. Her

salary is the 7th decile of the salaries of all employees. Should Florence be glad
about her salary or not? Explain your answer.

𝐷7
Florence’s ₱ salary

6
 GIVEN INTERPRETATION/S

Yes, Florence should be pleased with her salary

considering that 70% of the employees received a
7th Decile Florence’s salary
salary lower than hers while only 30% have salary
higher than hers.

C How to interpret the computed percentiles of ungrouped data?

PERCENTILES FOR UNGROUPED DATA

Percentiles are denoted by 𝑃1 , 𝑃2 , …, 𝑃99 . Read as “P sub 1 or first

percentile”, “P sub 2 or “second percentile,” and so on.
The 1st percentile means 1% of the data fall below or equal to 𝑃1, the 2nd
percentile means 2% of the data fall below or equal to 𝑃2 , and so on.

EXAMPLE

Consider the test scores in Geometry. The 75th percentile score is 15. If the 75th
percentile is the passing score, what does it mean? What is its measure of position in
relation to the other data?

𝑃75
Score 15

GIVEN INTERPRETATION/S
Students should answer correctly at least 15
items to pass the test.
75th Percentile 15 passing score
It also means that 75% of all the scores
obtained is less than or equal to the score of
15.

7
D How to interpret the computed percentile rank in an ungrouped set of data?

+ PERCENTILE RANK

Percentile ranks refer to the percentage of the total scores that are less
than or equal to a given score. These are particularly useful in relating individual
scores to their positions in the entire group or distribution.

Finding the Percentile Rank Corresponding to a Value

The percentile corresponding to a given value x is computed by using
the following formula:
ሺ# 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑋 ሻ+0.5
Percentile = 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 # 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠
× 100

EXAMPLES

1. Consider the scores of 12 students of Grade 10-Hope in a Math quiz: 15, 13, 20,
16, 14, 19, 11, 15, 19, 10, 18, and 9. What is the percentile rank of 16 and what
does the result mean?
Solution:

STEPS Illustrative Example

1
Arrange the scores in ascending 9 10 11 13 14 15 15 16 18 19 19 20
order.
2 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 15, 16, 18, 19, 19, 20
Count the number of values or data
lower than given score.
*Note that there are 7 values below 16.
3 Percentile =
# 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑋 + 0.5
× 100
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 # 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠
Apply the formula for percentile rank.
7 + 0.5
Remember to round off to the nearest = × 100
12
whole number. = 62.5 ≈ 63
4 Therefore, 16 is the 63rd percentile and
Interpret the result. thus, 63% of the distribution fall below or
equal to 16.

2. If you obtained a score of 95 in a mathematics test and this score is greater than
or equal to the scores of 88% of the students who took the test, then your percentile
rank would be 88.

8
 What’s More
ACTIVITY

Directions: Study the following situations. Then, answer the questions that follow.

1. Emilio, who is a 14-year old grade 10 student, believes that he is generally young
for his grade level. Upon gathering of data, it has been found out that the first
quartile is 15 years old. Would you agree with Emilio? Why?
Ans._____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

2. Hidilyn Diaz received a score of 90 from the judges in an international weightlifting

competition joined by 50 participants. Of that, 40 participants had scores lower than
90. What does this imply?
Ans._____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

3. The class of 10-Mathpagmahal is composed of 20 female students. Josefa is said

to be the 8th tallest among her female classmates. What does it mean?
Ans._____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

Consider the situation below, then answer items 4-5.

The scores of 22 students in a Math quiz are the following: 22, 23, 21,
22, 25, 22, 18, 24, 24, 24, 24, 20, 22, 22, 22, 15, 26, 22, 22, 24, 28, 24

Compute and interpret the percentile rank of Ralph who got a score of 25.

4. Solution:

5. Interpretation:
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

9
 What I Have Learned

ACTIVITY 1 Cloud Process

Directions: Write the steps in finding the Percentile Rank using the clouds below.
Write your answers on a separate sheet.

1. 2. 3. 4.

ACTIVITY 2

Directions: Fill in each blank to make a true statement. Write your answers on a
separate sheet.

1. The first quartile means there are _______ of the data fall below or equal to Q1 .
2. _____________ corresponds to a position where 70% of the data are below or
equal to its given value.
3. The 42nd percentile of the distribution is the score 15, this implies that 58% of the
distribution have scores ________ than 15.
4. 3rd Decile or ____________means that 30% of the distribution is less than or equal
to the value of 𝐷3 .
5. The upper quartile corresponds to a position where ________ of the data are
above the given value.

What I Can Do

ACTIVITY JUSTIFY ME!

Directions: Read each situation carefully, then answer the questions that follow.

1. Your older sister tells you that you seem to be short for your age. In school, your
teacher measured your height and that of your classmates to compute for your
BMI. Your teacher tells you that your height belongs to the 9th decile in the class.

10
 Assuming you and your classmates have similar ages, would you agree with what
your sister says? Why?
Ans._____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

2. Many professional schools require applicants to take a standardized test. Suppose

that 1000 students took the test, and you found out that your score of 63 (out of
100) was the 73rd percentile. How would you interpret your position?
Ans._____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

3. Among the class, your score is at the 65th percentile in the final exam, what
conclusion can you draw?
Ans._____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

4. A year ago, Kaye Masigasig began working at a computer store. Her supervisor
asks her to keep a record of the number of sales she made each month. The
following data set is a list of her sales for the last 12 months: 34, 47, 1, 15, 57, 24,
20, 11, 19, 50, 28, 37. Using Kaye’s sales: 𝑄1=17 and 𝑄3 =42. Where does 34 fall
and what percent of the sales are below 34?
Ans._____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

5. Marikit ranked 84th percentile in an examination. What does this mean?

Ans._____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

Assessment
Directions: Read carefully each item and choose the letter that best answers the
question.

1. Given the set of scores {48, 39, 57, 32, 28, 63, 51, 55, 36), if a student received a
score of 55, what does it mean?
A. 25% of the scores has a value ≤ 𝑄1
B. 50% of the scores has a value ≤ 𝑄2
C. 75% of the scores has a value ≤ 𝑄3
D. There are three scores below 𝑄1 , which is the 25% of the scores with values ≤ 55
2. In a 60-item test, the passing mark is the 3rd quartile. What does it imply?
A. The students should answer at least 45 items correctly to pass the test.
B. The students should answer at least 50 items correctly to pass the test.
C. The students should answer at most 45 items correctly to pass the test.
D. The students should answer at most 50 items correctly to pass the test.

11
3. Josefina’s score in an 85-item test was the median score. What is her percentile
rank?
A. 45 B. 50 C.75 D. 85
4. Jian and her brother are both 62 inches tall. Jian is the 85th percentile for her age
and her little brother is in the 90th percentile. Who is taller for their age?
A. They are the same, both are 62 inches tall.
B. Jian, she’s taller for more people of her age than her brother.
C. The brother of Jian, which is taller for more people of his age than to Jian.
D. You can’t tell if you don’t know the mean and standard deviation.
5. Cyclists also want to finish the race in less time than everyone else. Which of the
following measures of position would mean a cyclist finished the race in less time?
A. 5th percentile B. 3rd quartile C. 2nd decile D. 1st quartile

Additional Activities
ACTIVITY HOW’S YOUR RANK?

Directions: Read the given situation carefully, then answer the questions that
follow.

Forty Grade 10-Narra students compared their NCAE results with each
other in the Numerical Skills Area. Their standard scores are shown below.

455 462 479 481 482 508 508 526

534 538 548 559 580 583 585 595
598 605 606 611 616 628 640 642
655 655 667 677 681 700 712 713
719 727 729 746 752 770 774 779

QUESTIONS:

1. Jose scored 713. What is his percentile rank within the group?
2. What percentage of the students is higher than Jose?
3. If Antonio’s score is the 3rd quartile, who scored higher between Jose and
Antonio?
4. Students who scored higher than P90 will be granted a scholarship. How
many students will be given scholarships?
5. Given the scores of Jose and Antonio will they receive a scholarship
grant? Why?

12
 13
Additional Activities: (Optional)
1. PR=79 2. 21% 3. Jose 4. 4 students 5. None, as they both scores below P90
Assessment:
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A
What I Can Do:
1. No, I am taller than 90% of my classmates, therefore 90% of them are shorter
than me.
2. This means that 270 students got 63 or better score.
3. 65% of the class scored not as good than I did or 65% of the class scored less
than mine.
4. It means 34 falls in the third quartile which means 75% of the sales are less than
or equal to 42.
5. 84% obtained a score below than Marikit’s score in the exam.
What I Have Learned:
A. Cloud Process
Count the Apply the Interpret the
number of Formula for result.
Arrange the
values below Percentile
data from
the given Rank
lowest to
highest score
1. 25% 2. 7th Decile or 70th Percentile 3. Greater than/above 4. 30th Percentile 5. 25%
What’s More:
1. Yes, because only 25% of the students have ages 15 years and below while
75% of the students have ages 15 years and above.
2. It means that Heidelyn Diaz achieved a higher score compared to 80% of her
competitors.
3. Since Josefa is the 8th tallest, it means that there are 12 female students who are
shorter than her. Furthermore, it also implies that 60% of her female classmates
are shorter than her while the remaining 40% of her female classmates are taller
than Josefa.
# 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑋+0.5 19 +0.5
4. Percentile = 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 # 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠
× 100% =
22
× 100% = 88.64 ≈ 89
5. Therefore, 25 is the 89 percentile and thus, 89% of the distribution falls below 25.
What’s New:
1. 1200 students 2. 75 students 3. 75 students
What’s In:
1. 13 and 15 2. 13, 15, 20, 21, 23, and 25 3. NONE
What I Know:
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C
Answer Key
References:
Orlando A. Oronce and Marilyn O. Mendoza, e-math Advanced Algebra and
Trigonometry IV, Manila: Rex Bookstore, 2010, pp 431- 435

Melvin M. Callanta, et al, Mathematics Learner’s Module 10 DepEd Pasig: Rex

Bookstore, Inc., 2015, pp 283, 364-377, 392-394

Ramon B. Cristobal, et al, Math World 10 Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc. 2015,
pp 245-252, 264-268

Math DLL

14
 I AM A FILIPINO
by Carlos P. Romulo
I am a Filipino – inheritor of a glorious past, hostage to the
uncertain future. As such, I must prove equal to a two-fold
task – the task of meeting my responsibility to the past, and
the task of performing my obligation to the future.
I am sprung from a hardy race – child many generations
removed of ancient Malayan pioneers. Across the centuries,
the memory comes rushing back to me: of brown-skinned
men putting out to sea in ships that were as frail as their hearts
were stout. Over the sea I see them come, borne upon the
billowing wave and the whistling wind, carried upon the
mighty swell of hope – hope in the free abundance of the new
land that was to be their home and their children’s forever.
This is the land they sought and found. Every inch of shore
that their eyes first set upon, every hill and mountain that
beckoned to them with a green and purple invitation, every
mile of rolling plain that their view encompassed, every river
and lake that promised a plentiful living and the fruitfulness
of commerce, is a hollowed spot to me.
By the strength of their hearts and hands, by every right of
law, human and divine, this land and all the appurtenances
thereof – the black and fertile soil, the seas and lakes and
rivers teeming with fish, the forests with their inexhaustible
wealth in wild and timber, the mountains with their bowels
swollen with minerals – the whole of this rich and happy land
has been for centuries without number, the land of my
fathers. This land I received in trust from them, and in trust
will pass it to my children, and so on until the world is no
more.
I am a Filipino. In my blood runs the immortal seed of heroes
– seed that flowered down the centuries in deeds of courage
and defiance. In my veins yet pulses the same hot blood that
sent Lapulapu to battle against the alien foe, that drove Diego
Silang and Dagohoy into rebellion against the foreign
oppressor.
That seed is immortal. It is the self-same seed that flowered
in the heart of Jose Rizal that morning in Bagumbayan when
a volley of shots put an end to all that was mortal of him and
made his spirit deathless forever; the same that flowered in
the hearts of Bonifacio in Balintawak, of Gregorio del Pilar
at Tirad Pass, of Antonio Luna at Calumpit, that bloomed in
flowers of frustration in the sad heart of Emilio Aguinaldo at
Palanan, and yet burst forth royally again in the proud heart
of Manuel L. Quezon when he stood at last on the threshold
of ancient Malacanang Palace, in the symbolic act of
possession and racial vindication. The seed I bear within me
is an immortal seed.
15
It is the mark of my manhood, the symbol of my dignity as
a human being. Like the seeds that were once buried in the
tomb of Tutankhamen many thousands of years ago, it shall
grow and flower and bear fruit again. It is the insigne of my
race, and my generation is but a stage in the unending
search of my people for freedom and happiness.
I am a Filipino, child of the marriage of the East and the
West. The East, with its languor and mysticism, its passivity
and endurance, was my mother, and my sire was the West
that came thundering across the seas with the Cross and
Sword and the Machine. I am of the East, an eager
participant in its struggles for liberation from the imperialist
yoke. But I know also that the East must awake from its
centuried sleep, shake off the lethargy that has bound its
limbs, and start moving where destiny awaits.
For I, too, am of the West, and the vigorous peoples of the
West have destroyed forever the peace and quiet that once
were ours. I can no longer live, a being apart from those
whose world now trembles to the roar of bomb and cannon
shot. For no man and no nation is an island, but a part of the
main, and there is no longer any East and West – only
individuals and nations making those momentous choices
that are the hinges upon which history revolves. At the
vanguard of progress in this part of the world I stand – a
forlorn figure in the eyes of some, but not one defeated and
lost. For through the thick, interlacing branches of habit and
custom above me I have seen the light of the sun, and I
know that it is good. I have seen the light of justice and
equality and freedom, my heart has been lifted by the vision
of democracy, and I shall not rest until my land and my
people shall have been blessed by these, beyond the power
of any man or nation to subvert or destroy.
I am a Filipino, and this is my inheritance. What pledge
shall I give that I may prove worthy of my inheritance? I
shall give the pledge that has come ringing down the
corridors of the centuries, and it shall be compounded of the
joyous cries of my Malayan forebears when first they saw
the contours of this land loom before their eyes, of the battle
cries that have resounded in every field of combat from
Mactan to Tirad Pass, of the voices of my people when they
sing:
“I am a Filipino born to freedom, and I shall not rest until
freedom shall have been added unto my inheritance—for
myself and my children and my children’s children—
forever.”