PEVeS PPP Chapter 10 - 86 implications So today we will start with a topic that is something old we already know and learned about it from the previous lessons and so we will refresh our concepts about it and then we of course dig deep into it and keep building more on this topic in next coming lectures which is from chapter 10 (3§ + it's sisters &vol. \aJ...) , also chapter 11 is very important and is a big thing in basic s>J! so we need to pay some time and extra attention these two chapters. Zi8 Jas incomplete verbs, needs a_4+ to be complete 45 acomplete verb, only requires a Jus and Jew CHAPTER 10 — d.aiLti La! 10.1 INTRODUCTION ‘sit Jad! are a set of Jai that are incomplete in meaning, Si! Jai! are also known as esl JS, cor “uSand her sisters’. This is because Sis the most commonly used 83 Js, Take a look at the lst below. Pay attention to the definitions. 1. 85255, 3 oe ee i To become. ade Toremain.. adi Vist Tostillbe. Shu As long as.So , we learned 44a! ala long before ago and now we need to recall it, so we learned that a Jumlahismiyyah is, J43!! lua - the man is a Muslim , and, @l4 5 - He is a Muslim. es 463)! the man is a muslim es he is a muslim so we know already that 3$3!lis Mubtada because its the first 28) that came along and then next 28) (not connected to first 24) ) is the khabar so @lu4 is khabar, Likewise , in the second example , 9% is Mubtada and @l4 is khabar and in jumlah ismiyyah we always put " is "between Mubtada and khabar (to make it a sentence ) and this is the simple logic of atau! ales | Now , we will add the word 3 in the above two examples and see what change will occur . So it will be , ahaa J3.jil gS Now, the word J+! remained as it is, but the word ala changed into |4L.4 ( into Nasb status ) , and now the translation becomes :' The man was a Muslim', so this is how to say "The man was a Muslim "- labs J33!l 45, we just added §§ to the Mubtada and then we make the khabar «03. ELLA §25 Gis the man was a muslim.Let's take now another example , sll .,8 JH! it: simply means "the man is in the masjid", we will now add §§ to it; squall 8 J25!l 35, so did we make any changes to the sentence other than adding 3& ?.. No, we didn't made any changes at all . But in the first example above we changed the khabar which is always 98) we changed it into <3 after adding 4S to the Mubtada in the sentence , now here in this example we didn't change anything because there was no khabar in the sentence and we only had »2Jl glaze MBK . So basically when we add &, the only thing we change is kahabr 5+ and not sdb glez« because +Jb Slax stays as it is , it doesn't change at all because &§ has no problem with MBK or Mubtada ( Mubtada always have to be 24) as outisde elof s6),so s& has problem only with khabar + and and the problem 3S has with khabar is that, 3S wants it khabar to be in 5 status not 25) . pe \eL4 [85 GS the man was a muslim. sells JEM THE MAN IS IN THE MASJID aid 6 BUNGE Now, another example ;Allaah & is Knowing , Wise If we want to add 3& what should we do? We will add 5§ to the Mubtada so it will be; ass lade alll gS Allaah & has always been Knowing , Wise . Why this happened , because we know when §S comes ina aja) alot it wants to keep the Mubtada in 28) but what used to be the khabar ( @:8+ @é which is also 23) which is natural status of khabar ) now will be changed into 25 therefore lass lade is in Nasb status . So Now, in this example 535 eh JS He al So UeJI 444) is Raf’ and it is Mubtada and VU is harf »> therefore JS is > (and it is a special Blas ) and 2,4 is >> because it J! Blas, so le is connectedto Sand & is connected to e.4 as blas and 4d! Slee fragment , therefore this whole chain is one thing 54 JS Je and itis 3932 jl so it is MBK p44 and the word 338 second gy in the sentence so it is knabar . Now we wili add 35 to this sentence and so khabar ++ will be Nasb , and it will be ; 15235 e. JS He all gSSo when we translate normal @a:s! alas we used to put" is/ am / are" after the Mubtada as in above example, " Allaah is in complete control over everything " Io nest F de aul a So now, when we add 3& then "is" becomes "was", therefore translation when 3S is added woud be with "was", so, "Allaah &* was in complete control over everything". Kaana §S with Pronoun as Mubtada So the example we did above was , (x4 5 He is a Muslim - now we want to add 35 to this sentence so it is ; HLiud 9a 35 but the problem is §& from its past tense chart we know already has $® inside it , {S is 99 version - see pic below ; ub IS 8 Ue La SE LA WS WiTherefore , since &§ already has 94 in it , so the sentence will simply be now ; Lu 38 and so the 94 which is Mubtada in the sentence will have to go away and will be removed. es HE IS A MUSLIM LL2 SI HE WAS A MUSLIM Now, if the Mubtada is other then pronoun e.g. in the example of xd J43!! then we don't skip the noun Ji! rather the noun stays as it is (J43!! )and we simply put 5% before it , as (ald JS3I 45, but the moment we have Mubtada which is a pronoun and we want to put 4S as well then we simply remove that pronoun ( Mubtada) and use the matching version of 4§ from (chart ) that replaces the pronoun as we did in the above example . (Lis 58 HE IS A MUSLIM (ALLA O§ HE WAS A MUSLIM Aes §o5N THE MAN IS A MUSLIM aes Jesnais So we will now practice little bit using versions of §& from &S chart to replaced a pronoun when the pronoun comes asMubtada . So let's say for example , | ama student - cJlb Ul, so let's say we want to add 3& to it, so then we will remove the pronoun UI first then replace it with UI version of 5S which is “5 ( see sSchart ) and then we also make the khabar of 5S Nasb therefore the correct sentence is : Wis 4g5 -| wasa student . So when a pronoun comes a Mubtada and we add 8S to it, then that Mubtada (pronoun) go away and it actually becomes inside pronoun of §& , so therefore g& takes pronoun inside it and therefore we use the matching 5& version from the chart ( which has same pronoun as of Mubtada pronoun) . Another example ; 3941.4 «3! - You all are Muslim So if we want to say, " You all were Muslims ", to make it 55 sentence, we will use the pl version of §& which is e2S and replace it with pal Mubtada in sentence and then we make the khabar Nasb as well, which will be {asbua. So the Sentence is : j.olus aS - You all were Muslims And this will be wrong to say : & Seshud asl gS So we have to use the el version of s§ to replace the pronoun Mubtada and no matter whatever version we use of 5S it's khabar will alway be 23 and therefore , the right wayto say is : Sgahus ais ops ai YOU ALL ARE MUSLIMS. Rais st New example : jl! 8 @& - They are in the fire . So This 42s) a4 is composed of Mubtada and MBK. So now , how can we turn this into " They were in the fire". So we will simply replace Mubtada «4 with «4 version of 3S whichis 196 and it will be then; yl! _,8 1955 . Possessive statements with 3S So for possession we use ,J laam so we will take few examples first to understand few things ; S55 spew 5 There is a man in the masjid ( Quick Reminder : In this example , +> Case 1: sentence which has khabar * phe 3h: He is a muslim 3: mubtada (pronoun) , 4.2 : khabar Now if we want to say ‘he was a muslim’ we have to add oo .so it will be Vs 3h of * But this is not the correct construction. We have to drop the pronoun 38. Only ULL of is needed. It is because o€ already has an inside pronoun 38 in it. * Also we have to match that form of & which matches with the pronoun. * Forex: JU Ui: 1 ama student. If we want to add o& , we have to match the Ul form of uo. So the sentence will be WUs es © Ex2:6 fb eI: you all are muslims Mubtada : 231 khabar : 5,21. Adding of , Calis: 3 :you all were muslims Mubtada : as Khabar : Gobi > Case 2: sentence without khabar * Note : In sentences where khabar is not present no changes occur because oS only makes the khabar nasb. 3 {mubtada : 2, MBK : LI 3} N SIPsAdding ots When MUBTADA is a fOUN > Case 1: sentence which has khabar © Lis (291: The man is muslim Mubtada : (25)\ (noun) khabar : Add of to this : > UL JS) of : The man was a muslim Mubtada : j25)l of khabar: ULL jo) ale 4u\: Allah is knowing,wise Mubtada : ib| Khabar 1 and 2:55 Qe » USS le au of Mubtada : 4is\ S6 Khabar 4 and 2:1SS ide Spa mubtada :i\, MBK : eb BE, khabar: a5 > pS i BE we mubtada : SE MBK 24 & Se khabar : 3.05 Sz ae > Case 2: sentence without khabar Note : no changes happen . |.e IS only makes the khabar nasb. But in a sentence where khabar is missing there is nothing to make nasb. acc 3 545) : The man is in the masjid Mubtada : (25), MBK : anid 3 Adding 3 Ha : The man was in the masjid /e have knowledge Mubtada (mua’khar) : tle , MBK mugaddam : i *** when we have mubtada which is ‘common’ Jt is supposed to be mua’khar and therefore no ikhtisas is present in the meaning *** J can be translated as has or have» pe \l 48 : we had knowledge Mubtada (mua’khar) : 3S + fe. MBK mugaddam : {si © nai JESU: Men have a portion Mubtada (mua’khar) : 2.25, MBK mugaddam : 6 : Men had a portion Mubtada (mua’khar) : 36 + C..25, MBK mugaddam : JESU) © 5:54:he has a fruit 4 » 33 448 :he hada fruit (from sura kahf) When OUTSIDE ISIN of gS" is singular /duat/ plural Syfalis 5.2) : The muslims are travelers Mubtada : 6.2.41) , khabar: 3 y/3la4 > Geils 5,105) SS: The muslims were travelers Mubtada : 52102) 68 , khabar: gp sla’ Note that we wont say j sli SAL ge Outside ism of S€ can be singular ,plural or dual but it should be raf’. There is no need to match Sf with the ism number wise. But if the outside ism is feminine we have to use the feminine form fo S& which is £36 . Also note that we check for outside isms only when itis in 3 or form.