Introduction to Management

MPOB Class 3
 Is Management Art?

OR

Is Management Science?
Features of Art

• Body Of Knowledge
• Personalized application of knowledge and skills
• Creativity
• Practical know-how
• Refined through practice
Does Management fulfill
these features?
Features of Science

• Systemized body of knowledge

• Cause and effect relationship
• Based on repeated experiments and research
• Principles have universal applicability
Does Management fulfill
these features?
 SO…

Is Management Art?

OR

Is Management Science?
Management is both art
as well as science
Levels of Management
Skills of a Manager

Interperson
Technical al/ Human
Skills Skills

Diagnostic Conceptual
Skills Skills
Roles of a Manager

• Management is an activity because it is the manager who

works to accomplish the goals of the organization

Management is what the manger does.

 Recipient

Informational
Disseminator
Activity

Spokesperson

Entrepreneur

Resource allocator
Roles of a Decisional
Activity
Manager Negotiator

Disturbance handler

Figurehead

Interpersonal
Leader
Activity

Liaison
Manageme
nt as
function

• Decision Making
Function
• Execution function
Administration

• Determinative function
It is concerned with formulation of broad objectives, plans & policies,
organization structure and an overall control of the organization.

• Decision-making function
Decides what is to be done & when it is to be done.

• Thinking function because plans & policies are formulated

under it.

• Handled by Top levels.

Points of
ADMINISTRATION MANAGEMENT
Distinction

Art of getting things done

Concerned with formulation of
through others by directing their
Meaning broad objective, plans and
efforts towards achievement of
policies
pre-determined goals

Nature Decision making function Executing function

Decides what is to be done and Decides who should do it and

Process
when how he/she should do it

Determinative function (thinking

Function Doing function (action oriented)
oriented)

Skills Conceptual and Human skills Technical and Human skills

Level Top Level Middle and Lower level

External forces like economic

Organizational mission,
Influencing factor environment, social forces,
objectives, culture, policies etc.
government policies etc.
Coordination as
Essence of
Management

• Coordination can be defined as “Synchronization of efforts

from the stand-point of time and the sequence of execution”.

• In general coordination means bringing together the activities

and resources of organization in a smooth manner and
bringing harmony in them.

• The features of Coordination are:

• a) It is needed to perform all functions of management
• b) It is required at all levels of management
• c) It is most important function of an organization.
 Need for Coordination

• Unity in Diversity
• Team Work
• Conflicting Goals
• Manage Growth
• Specialization
• Differentiation and integration
• Synergy Effect
• Interdependence
• Empire-building
• Human Nature
• Congruence of flows
Techniques for Coordination

• Clearly defined goals

• Harmonized policies and procedures
• Co-operation
• Managerial Hierarchy
• Sound Organization Structure
• Proper Communication Systems
• Committees
• Liaison Officers