ACCIDENT PREVENTION SYSTEM IN

HILLY AREAS

Presentation Skills and Technical Seminar Report

Submitted by

AMAL STEPHEN (191101005)

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING in Department of Mechatronics

MAHENDRA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(Autonomous)

Mahendhirapuri, Mallasamudram, Namakkal DT - 637 503

JANUARY - 2022

1
 MAHENDRA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(Autonomous)

Mahendhirapuri, Mallasamudram, Namakkal DT - 637 503

Department of Mechatronics

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this Presentation Skills and Technical Seminar report on

“ ACCIDENT PREVENTION SYSTEM IN HILLY AREAS

” is the bonafide work of “ AMAL STEPHEN (191101005) ” who carried out
the seminar work under my supervision during the academic year 2021-22.

SUPERVISOR HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

(Signature with seal)

Date:

Submitted for the end semester viva voce examination held on …………..

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

2
 CONTENTS

• Objectives
• Proposed Methodology
• Modified Block Diagram
• Brief of Hardware & Software details
• Coding Progress (If applicable) with execution
screenshots
• Hardware Progress with photos as proof of
completion
• References

3
 OBJECTIVES

• Our main aim is to reduce the accident by intimating the driver

about the vehicle
coming on another side i.e., turns and bends.

• It is done by indicating Red LED and opening of speed Breaker. So

that the vehicle will
slow down the speed.

• Using this system, the drivers can easily judge the

arrival of vehicles from the other side more
confidently.

• In this system, the data for the number of uphill and downhill
vehicles are allowed to
store in the cloud and use these data for analysis purpose.

4
 PROPOSED METHODOLOGY

➢ In this system, a distance of the vehicle is sensed and give two stages of
alerts to the opposite
side driver, these alerts are based on the distance from the vehicle to the
sensor position.

➢ Using this system, the drivers can easily judge the arrival of vehicles
from the other side
more confidently.

➢ This system also senses the speed of the vehicle and if the vehicle speed
is high, it alerts the
drivers to go slow in curves and hairpin bends.

➢ In this system, the data for the number of uphill and downhill vehicles
are allowed to store
in the cloud and use these data for analysis purpose.

➢ If any vehicle came across another vehicle ultrasonic sensor

detects it will finds distance and red led will glow and buzzer
will be ON.

➢ If vehicle is not came across another vehicle green led will glow and
buzzer will be ON.

5
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE PROPOSED WORK
(MODIFIED)

Power Supply

Ultrasonic Sensor Red Led

DHT11 Sensor Green Led

Ultrasonic Sensor ARDUINO GSM/GPRS

Gas Sensor Buzzer

Servo Motor
Servo Motor

6
HARDWARE COMPONENTS REQUIRED &
IT’S SPECIFICATIONS

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

➢ Arduino uno

➢ Power supply

➢ Ultrasonic sensor

➢ Red led

➢ Green led

➢ Buzzer

➢ Gas sensor

➢ Servo motor

➢ DHT11 Sensor

7
ARDUINO UNO:

➢ The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller board based

on the Microchip ATmega328P microcontroller and developed

by Arduino.cc.
➢ The board is equipped with sets of digital and analog
input/output pins that may be interfaced to various
expansion boards and other circuits.

8
POWER SUPPLY:

➢ The power supply board is a basic essential interface for

regulating and
supplying power to the connected components.
➢ The female barrel jack connector on the power
supply board acts as the input terminal and the
terminal blocks on the board enables you to connect
to the components using the male bread board wires.

9
ULTRASONIC SENSOR:

➢ An ultrasonic sensor is an electronic device that

measures the distance of a target object by emitting
ultrasonic sound waves, and converts the reflected
sound into an electrical signal.

➢ Ultrasonic waves travel faster than the speed of

audible sound (i.e. the sound that humans can hear).

10
BUZZER:

➢ A buzzer or beeper is an audio signalling device,

which may be mechanical, electromechanical, or
piezoelectric (piezo for short). Typical uses of buzzers
and beepers include alarm devices, timers, and
confirmation of user input such as a mouse click or
keystroke.

11
RED LED:

➢ Red light is the universal signal for attention, so it is a great

thing to have in emergencies for signaling and safety.

12
GREEN LED:

➢ Green LEDs are useful for night vision.

13
GSM/GPRS Module:

➢ GSM GPRS modules are one of the normally utilized

correspondence modules in implanted gadgets. A GSM
GPRS module is utilized to speak with the
GSM/GPSR arrange by a microcontroller (or
coordinated circuits).

➢ GSM is the Global Mobile Communication System and GPRS

would be the General Packet Radio Service.

➢ A GSM GPRS MODEM consolidates a GSM GPRS

module similarly as various fragments, for instance,
correspondence interface, (for instance, Serial
Communication-RS-232), control supply and a couple
of pointers.

14
DHT11 SENSOR:

➢ A temperature sensor is a device used to measure temperature.

This can be air temperature, liquid temperature or the
temperature of solid matter.

➢ These devices is used to measure temperature readings through

electrical signals.

➢ The DHT11 is a basic , ultra low cost digital temperature and

humidity sensor .It uses a capacitive humidity sensor and a
thermistor to measure the surrounding air, and spits out a digital
signal on the data pin(no analog input pins needed).

15
Gas Sensor:

➢ This gas sensor uses a MQ-2 gas sensor to indicate if

there is gas in the area. so the sensor has a threshold value
(the threshold value is around the amount of smoke in
there is a fire) in that if it goes above it starts alerting
people in the vicinity.

➢ The alert just shows a red led and starts beeping. This idea is
Very helpful and is used on a daily basis with the smoke
alarms that a lot of people have in their houses.

16
Servomotor:
➢ A servomotor (or servo motor) is a simple electric
motor, controlled with the help of servomechanism.
If the motor as a controlled device, associated with
servomechanism is DC motor, then it is commonly
known as a DC Servo Motor. If AC operates the
controlled motor, it is known as a AC Servo Motor.

➢ We can control the servo motor by

connecting the servo motor's signal pin to
an Arduino's pin, and programming to
generate PWM on the Arduino's pin.

17
 SOFTWARE REQUIRED & PROGRESS IN
CODING

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:

➢ ULTRA SONIC SENSOR

➢ BUZZER

➢ LEDS

18
SOFTWARE REQUIRED & PROGRESS IN
CODING

19
#define echoPin 6 // attach pin D2 Arduino to pin Echo of HC-SR04
#define trigPin 7 //attach pin D3 Arduino to pin Trig of HC-SR04

#define echoPin1 8 // attach pin D2 Arduino to pin Echo of HC-SR04

#define trigPin1 9 //attach pin D3 Arduino to pin Trig of HC-SR04 int
led_green1=2;

int led_red1=3; int led_green2=4;

int led_red2=5; int buzzer1=10; int buzzer2=11;

long duration; // variable for the duration of sound wave travel int
distance; // variable for the distance measurement

long duration1; // variable for the duration of sound wave travel

int distance1; // variable for the distance measurement void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); // Sets the trigPin as an OUTPUT
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); // Sets the echoPin as an INPUT
pinMode(trigPin1, OUTPUT); // Sets the trigPin as an OUTPUT
pinMode(echoPin1, INPUT); // Sets the echoPin as an INPUT

pinMode(led_green1,OUTPUT); pinMode(led_red1,OUTPUT);
pinMode(led_green2,OUTPUT);

pinMode(led_red2,OUTPUT); pinMode(buzzer1,OUTPUT);

pinMode(buzzer2,OUTPUT);

digitalWrite(buzzer1,LOW); digitalWrite(buzzer2,LOW);
}

20
void loop() {
//UV SENSOR ACTIVITY
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW); delayMicroseconds(2);
// Sets the trigPin HIGH (ACTIVE) for 10 microseconds
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH); delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
// Reads the echoPin, returns the sound wave travel time in
microseconds duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
// Calculating the distance
distance = duration * 0.034 / 2; // Speed of sound wave divided by 2
(go and back)
// Displays the distance on the Serial Monitor Serial.print("Distance: ");
Serial.print(distance);
Serial.println(" cm");

delay(100);

digitalWrite(trigPin1, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
// Sets the trigPin HIGH (ACTIVE) for 10 microseconds
digitalWrite(trigPin1, HIGH); delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin1, LOW);
// Reads the echoPin, returns the sound wave travel time in
microseconds
duration1 = pulseIn(echoPin1, HIGH);
// Calculating the distance
distance1 = duration1 * 0.034 / 2; // Speed of sound wave divided by 2
(go and back)
// Displays the distance on the Serial Monitor Serial.print("Distance: ");
Serial.print(distance1);
Serial.println(" cm"); delay(100);

21
if(distance<10)
{
digitalWrite(led_red2,HIGH); digitalWrite(led_green2,LOW);
digitalWrite(buzzer2,HIGH);
}

else if(distance1<10)
{
digitalWrite(led_red1,HIGH); digitalWrite(led_green1,LOW);
digitalWrite(buzzer1,HIGH);
}
else if(distance<10&&distance1<10)
{
digitalWrite(led_red1,HIGH);

digitalWrite(led_red2,HIGH); digitalWrite(led_green1,LOW);
digitalWrite(led_green2,LOW); digitalWrite(buzzer1,HIGH);
digitalWrite(buzzer2,HIGH);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(led_green1,HIGH); digitalWrite(led_green2,HIGH);
digitalWrite(led_red1,LOW);

digitalWrite(led_red2,LOW); digitalWrite(buzzer1,LOW);
digitalWrite(buzzer2,LOW);
}

22
SOFTWARE REQUIRED & PROGRESS IN
CODING

23
Hardware Summary of the work progress

24
Hardware Summary of the work progress

25
 REFERENCES

➢ Marshall, W. E. (2018). Understanding international road safety

disparities: Why is Australia so much safer than the United
States? Accident Analysis & Prevention, 111, 251- 265.

➢ Dhanya, S., Ameenudeen, P. E., Vasudev, A., Benny, A., & Joy,
S. (2018, July). Automated Accident Alert. In 2018 International
Conference on Emerging Trends and Innovations In Engineering
And Technological Research (ICETIETR) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

➢ Banik, S., Agrawal, S. K., & Singh, N. (2019). Terrain Smart

Safety System with Data Hub Establishment. In Innovations in
Computer Science and Engineering (pp. 479-491). Springer,
Singapore.

➢ Devi, B., Bavatharini, S. S., Samyuktha, G., Shobica, S., &

Sonia, E. (2018, March). Voice Alert for Accident Avoidance
on Merging Lanes, Blind Curves and T Junctions. In 2018
Second International Conference on Electronics,
Communication and Aerospace Technology (ICECA) (pp. 418-
422). IEEE.

➢ Balaji, P. A., Aadhivijay, R., & Sharma, P. D. (2017, August).

Hill road safety assistance using piezoelectric sensor. In 2017
International Conference on Energy, Communication, Data
Analytics and Soft Computing (ICECDS) (pp. 2807-2810).
IEEE.

26
THANK YOU

27