ESEG5033

Technology in
Education

Topic 1: Understanding
Technology in Education
Issues and Trends
What will we discuss today:

1. What are the major issues, developments, and trends in the field
of educational technology?
2. How do technology‐using educators address these issues,
developments, and trends in order to succeed as teachers?
3. How can teachers more closely connect learning to the
experiences of the digital natives who are their students?

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Part 1: Issues and Trends

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First thing first: What is Technology?

• Every technology is an innovation designed to “solve problems and

extend human capabilities” (International Technology Education
Association, 2000).
• It is a “practice, a technique, or a device for altering the experience
of the world” (Solnit, 2003, p. 114).
In short, technologies make accomplishing important goals easier
for people to do.

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Today … ICT

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are tools that

encompass “virtually every- thing we encounter when sitting down to
a personal computer” (Snyder, 2003, p. 4), including:

• What is on a computer (software and other applications)

• What can be accessed by a computer (Internet websites and
web‐based technology tools)
• What can be connected to a computer (printers, scanners,
digital cameras, mp3 players, smartphones, touchscreens, and
other tools for learning)

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21st Century computer technologies - Web 1.0 →Web 2.0

a term denoting how the Internet has evolved into a more

Web 2.0 open medium capable of promoting interaction and
tools: collaboration among teachers and students.

include blogs, wikis, podcasts, social bookmarking and

Web 2.0 social net- working tools, inquiry‐based educational
technologies: websites, photo‐sharing websites, virtual worlds, and other
highly interactive tools and services that are now becoming
resources for teaching and learning in schools

bottom‐up, democratically derived, consensus‐driven ideas

Web 2.0 and information that differ dramatically from the theoretical
knowledge: knowledge created by experts and elites.
the curriculum so students develop the skills to critically
analyze information that comes from multiple sources
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Technology-using teachers: Key Issues

• What is your readiness to integrate technology

into teaching and learning in schools?
• What are your reasons for wanting to use
technology in teaching?
• What are your views of the barriers teachers face
in using technology in classes?
• What are your goals for the types of technologies
you will use in the classroom?
• What are your ideas for the kinds of teaching
methods you plan to use?
• What is your knowledge of the technologies
students are using both inside and outside of
schools?
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Tech tools, Apps for teaching and learning

• Share with us what kind of technological tools or Apps that you

have been using in your teaching and learning activities.

Double click on
any blank space
and write your
message.

You may insert links,

photo, videos or
documents in each
of your post.
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Part 2: Technology‐using Educators

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Rogers Innovation Curve

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 Innovation and technology Readiness

• The Rogers Innovation curve depicts on how individuals in

business and management respond to change.
• Roger’s model proposes that with every new idea there are always
small percentages of innovators (3%), early adopters (13%) and
majority of followers (68%).
This model divides k-12 teachers into 3 separate groups:
1. Teachers who are eagerly integrating computer and other
technologies into their teaching. (3%)
2. Teachers who are cautious and skeptical about using
technology because of system crashes and all the
equipment. (13%)
3. Majority of undecided observers who would utilize
technology sooner if they felt confident on how to use it.
(68%)
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 Identifying Groups and Technology users
• Digital collaborator • Desktop veteran
• Ambivalent networker • Drifting surfer
• Media mover • Information encumbered
• Roving mode • Mobile newbie
• Technology indifferent

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Digital Divides and Participation Gaps

• Digital divides and participation gaps

affect mainly low income, urban and
rural children and occur when
students do not have access to the
latest technologies at school or home.
• Lack of access to new technologies is
a contributing factor to academic and
achievement gaps.

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What motivates you to use Technology in your
students learning?

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4 key aspects of teaching philosophies

1. Teachers role: a scale that goes from teachers facilitating

learning to teachers presenting and explaining academic
material.
2. Goal of learning: a scale that goes from students
discovering ideas and concepts themselves to students
mastering teacher delivered curriculum content.
3. Student motivation: a scale that goes from students
expressing wide ranging interests and curiosity to students
knowing the material in textbooks and curriculum
frameworks.
4. Classroom organization: a scale that goes from students
engaging in individual and small group activities to
students engaging in mainly whole class activities.
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National
Educational
Technology
Standards
(NETS)
• Standards for teacher
learning with technology
developed by the
International society for
Technology in Education.
• At the core of NETS is a
belief that technology
makes new learning
experiences possible.

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 Part 3:
Connect learning to the experiences

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Digital natives and immigrants

• Digital natives: children and adults

who have grown up using
computers and other electronic
media.
• Digital immigrants: Adults who are
newcomers to the world of
computers and other information
technologies.

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Overcoming a digital disconnect

• The digital disconnect is

differences in technological
knowledge and interest
between tech-savvy students
and less technologically
confident teachers.
• Schools must overcome a
“digital disconnect” existing
between tech-savvy students
and tech-resistant teachers.

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High School Survey of Student Engagement
(HSSSE) - USA
Source: Yazzie-Mintz, E. (2010)

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Technology for Critical and Creative Thinking:

Technology fosters critical and creative thinking as well as inquiry

and problem‐based learning through:
• Writing and design programs
• Online information research and retrieval
• Web or computer‐based learning games

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Technology to support information recall

Technology supports information recall and basic skill building

through:
• Electronic worksheets
• Drill‐and‐practice software
• Online tutoring programs and simulation

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Barriers to use technology in Teaching

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Teaching with Technology Philosophy - revisit

ESEG5033 Dr Norizan Ahmad 25

ESEG5033 Dr Norizan Ahmad 26
References

Maloy, Robert W., Ruth-Ellen Verock-O'Loughlin, Sharon Edwards,

Beverly Woolf. Transforming Learning with New
Technologies, 2nd Edition. Pearson Singapore, 05/2014.

ESEG5033 Dr Norizan Ahmad 27

 Thank You
For Your
Participation