UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY

Biglang Awa St., Corner Catleya St., EDSA, Caloocan City

READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

 
SUBJECT CODE : GEC 002
TOPIC OR LESSON 1 : INTRODUCTION OF THE COURSE: READINGS IN
PHILIPPINE HISTORY
WEEK :2
SUB-TOPIC/S : Importance of Studying History

OVERVIEW:

This learning module encapsulate the concept and reason of how we change the
perspective on understanding the study of Philippine History. The module will commence of the
etymologic description about the word History. It unfolds the varied definition given by historical experts
in a reason for developing an accepted characteristic of history.
The learning discussion includes an analysis about historical sources and its importance in
reconstructing the forgotten past. The learners are enjoined to answer the module for them to initially
have a prior knowledge about readings in Philippine history.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

 Understand what history means and its application to society;

 Appreciate the importance of history to the society and the role that the historian plays in the
society.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1. To identify and understand the varied definition given by respective experts in history.
2. To understand the new approach how the study of Philippine History will be undertaken.
3. To evaluate the different types of sources of information and its example

ENGAGE

Pre-Test: Identification. Identify the term being asked below.

______1. The Greek work term for history
a. Hestiria b. Historia c. Hestor d. Histricia

______2. The main actor in the development of History

a. Document b. People c. Artifacts d. Fossil
______3. Term given to the individuals who survived the challenge of time.
 UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Biglang Awa St., Corner Catleya St., EDSA, Caloocan City

a. Eye Soar b. Suspect c. Eyewitness d. Netizen

______4. The continent where the development of history started.
a. Asia b. Africa c. Europe d.Australia
______5. The UP historian who gave his ideas and definition of history
a. Gregorio Zaide c. Zeus Salazar
b. Teodoro Agoncillo d.Renato Constantino
______6. Greatest Con Man of Philippine History
a. E.H.Carr c. Alfred Nobel
b. Charles Darwin d. Jose Marco
______7.Produced at the same time as the event being studied.
a. Primary source c. Tertiary Source
b. Secondary Source d. None of the ff.
______8. Materials used by the historian in reconstructing the past.
a. Mankind c. Fossils
b. Artifacts d. surviving records
______9. According to him history is historian’s experiences.
a. Collingwood c Oakeshott
b. Parsons d. E.H Carr

______10. Period where no written record exist?

a. History b. Pre-History c. Post-History d. None of the ff.

EXPLORE

ACTIVITY NUMBER 1: WHAT IS HISTORY IN YOUR OWN WORDS? GIVE THE

IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING HISTORY.

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 UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Biglang Awa St., Corner Catleya St., EDSA, Caloocan City

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EXPLAIN

The past is a rich depository of man’s struggle and triumph. It reveals the effort
of mankind to withstand every challenge that comes before him/her. It is the
reconstruction of the very event that had been lost like a missing jigsaw puzzle.

Famous Personalities and its Description

1. H.E. Carr
It is a continues process of inquiry and interpretation of reconstructing
the fast thru evidence from the past.
2. F. Hornedo
It is the story of the victors/champion.
3. Collingwood
History is the re-enactment in the historian's mind of the thought whose
history he is studying.
4. Oakeshott
History is the historian's experience.
5. Parsons
History is “a selective system” not only of cognitive, but of causal,
orientations to reality.
6. Henry Johnson
“History, in its broadest sense, is everything that ever happened.”
7. Zeus Salazar
Relevant stories/narrative of the people (Salaysay na may saysay para sa
sinasalaysayang grupo)

Nature of History
1. A study of the present in the light of the past: The present has evolved out of the
past. Modern history enables us to understand how society has come to its present
form so that one may intelligently interpret the sequence of events. The causal
relationships between the selected happenings are uncovered that help in revealing
the nature of happenings and framing of general laws.
2. History is the study of man: History deals with man’s struggle through the ages.
History is not static. By selecting “innumerable biographies” and presenting their lives
in the appropriate social context and the ideas in the human context, we understand
the sweep of events. It traces the fascinating story of how man has developed through
the ages, how man has studied to use and control his environment and how the
present institutions have grown out of the past.
 UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Biglang Awa St., Corner Catleya St., EDSA, Caloocan City

3.History is concerned with man in time: It deals with a series of events and each
event occurs at a given point in time. Human history, in fact, is the process of human
development in time. It is time which affords a perspective to events and lends a
charm that brightens up the past.
4. History is concerned with man in space: The interaction of man on environment
and vice versa is a dynamic one. History describes about nations and human activities
in the context of their physical and geographical environment. Out of this arise the
varied trends in the political, social, economic and cultural spheres of man’s activities
and achievements.
5. Objective record of happenings: Every precaution is taken to base the data on
original sources and make them free from subjective interpretation. It helps in clear
understanding of the past and enables us to take well informed decisions.
6. Multisided: All aspects of the life of a social group are closely interrelated and
historical happenings cover all these aspects of life, not limited only to the political
aspect that had so long dominated history.
7. History is a dialogue between the events of the past and progressively
emerging
future ends. The historian’s interpretation of the past, his selection of the significant
and the relevant events, evolves with the progressive emergence of new goals. The
general laws regulating historical happenings may not be considered enough; attempts
must be made to predict future happenings based on the laws.
8. Not only narration but also analysis: The selected happenings are not merely
narrated; the causal relationships between them are properly unearthed. The tracing
of these relationships leads to the development of general laws that are also compared
and contrasted with similar happenings in other social groups to improve the
reliability and validity of these laws.
9. Continuity and coherence are the necessary requisites of history: History
carries
the burden of human progress as it is passed down from generation to generation,
from society to society, justifying the essence of continuity.
10. Relevant: In the study of history only those events are included which are
relevant to the understanding of the present life.
11. Comprehensiveness: According to modern concept, history is not confined to one
period or country or nation. It also deals with all aspects of human life-political, social,
economic, religious, literary, aesthetic, and physical, giving a clear sense of world
unity and world citizenship.

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 UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Biglang Awa St., Corner Catleya St., EDSA, Caloocan City

ELABORATE

FOCUS OF HISTORY
1. Interpretation, perspective, and representation of the past
2. Critical evaluation of sources and evidence
3. Narratives, explanation, and analysis
4. Careful and systematic study of key societal processes
a. relationship of political power
b. economic interest
c. cultural life
d. change that occurs in human societies
5. It study the past and its implication to the future.
6. A focus upon reaction, adaptation, and transformation as the core engine of the
historical process

Historical Criticism
 A branch of history which looked at literature for evidence about economic,
political events going on at the time at which the works were produced to
explain the content of the said literary works this led to Historical
Interpretation.
Historical Method
 The process of critically examining and analyzing the records for the survivals of
the past.
New Historicism
 Is a process that seek to find meaning in each text that is being studied that
includes complex description of human reality that is embedded and most often
hidden in the text that is needed to surface.

ACTIVITY NUMBER: 2
What are the relevance of History to you as a Learner?
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 UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Biglang Awa St., Corner Catleya St., EDSA, Caloocan City

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ACTIVITY NUMBER: 3
Diagram and Analysis Interpretation: What is your interpretation on this picture about man’s
understanding on History?

PICTURE 1 PICTURE 2

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 UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Biglang Awa St., Corner Catleya St., EDSA, Caloocan City

ACTIVITY NUMBER: 4
Concept Building: What is now your concept of history based on the diagram?

Present

Sources Past
HISTORY

Man

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 UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Biglang Awa St., Corner Catleya St., EDSA, Caloocan City

EVALUATE
ACTIVITY NUMBER: 5
Writing your Quotation (Learners Personal Interpretation)
Direction: Create your own quotation about what you have learned from the topic.

Sample Quotation
“Each generation of historians develops its own perspectives, and that our
understanding of the past is constantly reshaped by the historian and the world he
or she inhabits” -Howell & Prevenier

Your Quotation