F

ires are devastating, not only

to property but to the lives
that can be lost if people don’t
escape safely. This issue of Panorama
highlights various fire-related issues
that can affect us all. Kitchen fires, a
leading cause of home fires, can be
prevented with fire-safety awareness
and adherence to fire-safety rules.
Read how one family escaped a
fire that started while the wife was
cooking in the “Cooking Up a Fire”
article on page 14.

The elderly are especially vulnerable

to fires because of certain physical
limitations that come with age.
Review with the elderly members
of your family the article “Retire
Fire” to make sure that their living
environment is fire-hazard free.
Unfortunately, not even our young
children are immune to fire hazards.
Children’s natural attraction to
fireworks has sent many of them to

Inside this issue the emergency room. Don’t let your

child be another victim of fireworks.
But don’t stop there; teach your
1st Quarter 2007
children how to be responsible around
fire and how to react safely should a
fire occur by going over with them the
safety tips and activities in the “Desert
Kids’ Club.”

Begin this New Year with a

commitment to preventing and
surviving fires. Be fire educated. Be

2 6 9
fire safe!
Spotlight on Home Fires Different Burns, Retire Fire
Different Treatment

The Sound that

Saves Lives 12 Cooking Up a Fire
14 Safety Keeps
the Fun in Fireworks16 Desert Kids’ Club
18
If you have any articles you would like to submit or any suggestions, please
contact the editor of Panorama at panorama@aramco.com
Panorama (Issn 1319-2027) is published quarterly by Saudi Aramco's Loss Prevention
Loss Prevention Department and is distributed free of charge to company Room A-117
employees and other readers with an interest in safety. Articles may be Building 3150, LIP
reprinted without permission provided Panorama and Saudi Aramco Dhahran 31311
Loss Prevention are credited. Saudi Aramco 1st Quarter 2007
 serious damage. The lesson learned was that all new hires needed to be
properly educated in home fire safety. Soon afterwards the company
included a home-fire-safety package in the new-hire orientation procedure.

By 2001, the company had experienced a significant reduction in the

number of unattended cooking fires and, therefore, other causes of home
fires, such as electrical, took more prominence. During investigation of
several electrical fire incidents, it was determined that the primary causes of
the fires included inappropriate use of power cords (e.g., placing cords under
carpets or furniture), poor quality power cords (i.e., power cords that did not
bear a recognized testing authority’s approval), and using electrical cords of
the wrong rating. Incorrect or damaged electrical adapters are still the
largest cause of electrical fires in company housing.

Spotlight As a result of the campaign, the

on Home
company experienced a significant
reduction in home fires. During the
1st and 2nd quarters of 1998 there

Fires
were no home fires. However, two
years later the number of home fires
increased again. This was primarily
due to two factors: First, employees
forgetting the safety information
passed on to them during the Kitchen
The lesson learned was that all new
Fire Safety Campaign; and second,
there was an inflow of new hires needed to be properly educated
employees, many of whom did not in home fire safety.
have the necessary fire safety
We are all aware of the dangers of home fires, but are they increasing or decreasing in knowledge. A graphic example of this
company communities? To find out, Panorama met with one of Saudi Aramco’s fire experts was when a new-hire Asian female
to discuss home fires. David K. Churches [Ph.D.] has been with the company for about employee placed firewood inside the
13 years and has investigated many home fires. In that time, he has seen a dramatic oven to cook her meal. She had never
reduction in both the number and cost of home fires in company communities. Churches seen a modern stove or oven before
gave us a brief rundown of the company’s progress so far in the reduction of home fires. and had no experience in gas or
electric cooking. Fortunately for her,
the smoke detector in her
accommodation activated
Approximately 15 years ago, the company realized that there 40 fires each year in Dhahran alone, of which 80% were immediately as soon as she ignited
was a significant number of home fires and that community home fires, and of these home fires 80% were kitchen the firewood and FrPD firefighters
fires outnumbered industrial fires. The company decided to fires. Almost 70% of the kitchen fires were the result of arrived shortly afterwards and
seek assistance from experts to determine the causes of home unattended cooking. extinguished the fire before it caused
fires and establish lessons learned to help prevent, or at least
reduce, the number and cost of home fires. In 1997, in an effort to reduce the number and severity
of home fires with special focus on kitchen safety, Central
According to the Fire Protection Department’s (FrPD) records, Community Services Department (CCSD) launched a
in the early 1990s the company recorded an average of 38 to Kitchen Fire Safety Campaign that runs every two years.
 serious damage. The lesson learned was that all new hires needed to be
properly educated in home fire safety. Soon afterwards the company
included a home-fire-safety package in the new-hire orientation procedure.

By 2001, the company had experienced a significant reduction in the

number of unattended cooking fires and, therefore, other causes of home
fires, such as electrical, took more prominence. During investigation of
several electrical fire incidents, it was determined that the primary causes of
the fires included inappropriate use of power cords (e.g., placing cords under
carpets or furniture), poor quality power cords (i.e., power cords that did not
bear a recognized testing authority’s approval), and using electrical cords of
the wrong rating. Incorrect or damaged electrical adapters are still the
largest cause of electrical fires in company housing.

Spotlight As a result of the campaign, the

on Home
company experienced a significant
reduction in home fires. During the
1st and 2nd quarters of 1998 there

Fires
were no home fires. However, two
years later the number of home fires
increased again. This was primarily
due to two factors: First, employees
forgetting the safety information
passed on to them during the Kitchen
The lesson learned was that all new
Fire Safety Campaign; and second,
there was an inflow of new hires needed to be properly educated
employees, many of whom did not in home fire safety.
have the necessary fire safety
We are all aware of the dangers of home fires, but are they increasing or decreasing in knowledge. A graphic example of this
company communities? To find out, Panorama met with one of Saudi Aramco’s fire experts was when a new-hire Asian female
to discuss home fires. David K. Churches [Ph.D.] has been with the company for about employee placed firewood inside the
13 years and has investigated many home fires. In that time, he has seen a dramatic oven to cook her meal. She had never
reduction in both the number and cost of home fires in company communities. Churches seen a modern stove or oven before
gave us a brief rundown of the company’s progress so far in the reduction of home fires. and had no experience in gas or
electric cooking. Fortunately for her,
the smoke detector in her
accommodation activated
Approximately 15 years ago, the company realized that there 40 fires each year in Dhahran alone, of which 80% were immediately as soon as she ignited
was a significant number of home fires and that community home fires, and of these home fires 80% were kitchen the firewood and FrPD firefighters
fires outnumbered industrial fires. The company decided to fires. Almost 70% of the kitchen fires were the result of arrived shortly afterwards and
seek assistance from experts to determine the causes of home unattended cooking. extinguished the fire before it caused
fires and establish lessons learned to help prevent, or at least
reduce, the number and cost of home fires. In 1997, in an effort to reduce the number and severity
of home fires with special focus on kitchen safety, Central
According to the Fire Protection Department’s (FrPD) records, Community Services Department (CCSD) launched a
in the early 1990s the company recorded an average of 38 to Kitchen Fire Safety Campaign that runs every two years.

One fire started when the occupant
of a house ran an improperly rated
electrical cord across the floor under
a sofa. The overheated cord ignited
the sofa, which caused a large fire
that damaged the house extensively.
Another fire destroyed a house when
a fax machine malfunctioned.
Fortunately, the house occupant was
away at the time so there were no
injuries, but the fire was so extensive
that it spread to the house next door
causing serious damage.
To further address the underlying
causes of home fires, in 2004, the
company started targeting electrical
fires and kitchen fires as well as other
causes during annual fire safety
exhibitions organized by CCSD and
FrPD. Every year at these annual
exhibitions employees and their
families have the opportunity to visit
a designated community house in
Dhahran, which is specially equipped
with both improperly and properly
selected fire safety features to
demonstrate correct and incorrect fire
safety practices in the home.
During the exhibitions visitors conduct
room-to-room inspections to learn how
to properly set their electrical
equipment and receive information on
the fire prevention practices they must
Fire risk factors,
in addition to
poor cooking practices
and misuse of electrical
equipment, include
unattended barbecues
and misuse of
halogen lights,
candles, and
insect burners.
follow. Examples include how to
properly set the TV and entertainment
center, computer and printer, and other
appliances in the home; what
precautions to take when cooking to
prevent cooking fires; how to
organize the garage and utility room
to minimize fire hazards; where to
set the barbecue to avoid a fire; and
what safe practices to follow in the
yard. Visitors also have a chance to
observe live fire demonstrations and
learn how to properly react in case of
fire. In addition, they are advised by
experts when to seek assistance from
a qualified electrician for the proper
inspection and maintenance of their
equipment.
Unfortunately, despite the company’s
fire safety educational efforts, home
fires continue to occur. Fire risk factors,
in addition to poor cooking practices
and misuse of electrical equipment,
include unattended barbecues and
misuse of halogen lights, candles, and
insect burners. The company continues
to focus its efforts on the reduction of
the number of home fires as well as on
minimizing the monetary loss and injury
resulting from fire.
Electrical fire safety tips
Tips on how to prevent cooking fires can be found in the article Cooking Up a Fire. Here we
provide tips on how to prevent electrical fires by making sure that electrical appliances, power
cords, multi-outlet power strips, adapters, outlet receptacles, and plugs are in good working
condition and used correctly.
• Ensure that all the electrical appliances you use are certified by a recognized testing authority, such as
Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Factory Mutual (FM), or European Committee for Standardization (CEN).
• Make sure that your appliances are rated for the electrical supply voltage at your home.
• Visually inspect your electrical appliances before each use. If an appliance makes an unusual noise or
vibration, or has a strange odor during use, immediately turn it off, unplug it, and have it repaired or
replaced.
• Once a year have all your electrical appliances inspected by a qualified electrician or manufacturer’s agent.
• Check to make sure that all electrical power cords are certified by a recognized testing authority. Flexible
electrical power cords and associated plugs are frequently used, and so are prone to frequent failure.
• Replace frayed or damaged cords.
• Make sure that the flat copper or brass pins on a plug are in good condition.
• Never exceed the power/current rating of a cord and plug (given by the manufacturer in amps/watts) by
overloading.
• Never place power cords under carpets or furniture, or on the floor in traffic areas. Doing so can cause the
cord to overheat, get frayed or damaged, and cause a fire.
• Visually inspect all multi-outlet power strips before each use.
• Never overload multi-outlet power strips. A good rule-of-thumb is that the total power load should never
exceed 1,500 watts (1.5 kilowatts). This usually means connecting only one high-power appliance (i.e., heat
producing or motor appliance) or alternatively a few low power appliances, so that the total rating is never
exceeded. The power rating can be found on a label attached on each appliance.
Heat producing appliances, such as a space heater, clothes iron, hair dryer, curling iron, microwave
oven, kettle, and coffee percolator, have a power rating of 850 to 1,500 watts. Connect only one
appliance at a time.
Motor appliances, such as a blender, mixer, vacuum cleaner, electric fan, and electric drill, have a
power rating of 850 to 1,500 watts. Connect only one appliance at a time.
Low power appliances, such as a TV, computer, monitor, printer, Hi-Fi, VCR, and table lamp, have a
power rating of 15 to 300 watts. Connect more than one such appliance making sure that you do not
exceed a total of 1,500 watts.
• Visually inspect electrical outlet receptacles to ensure that there is no damage. When inserting a plug, make
sure that there is a tight fit.
• Only use electrical adapters that are certified by a recognized testing authority. They should only be used
temporarily as they are not designed for a permanent connection. Never force in position an adapter that
does not fit the plug correctly and tightly. The safest solution is to have a qualified electrician change the plug
of the electrical equipment to the appropriate type.
• Never authorize or perform electrical modifications or installations. This can lead to electrocution or fire.
Take all necessary steps to prevent home fires. They not only damage property but also threaten lives!
5

One fire started when the occupant
of a house ran an improperly rated
electrical cord across the floor under
a sofa. The overheated cord ignited
the sofa, which caused a large fire
that damaged the house extensively.
Another fire destroyed a house when
a fax machine malfunctioned.
Fortunately, the house occupant was
away at the time so there were no
injuries, but the fire was so extensive
that it spread to the house next door
causing serious damage.
To further address the underlying
causes of home fires, in 2004, the
company started targeting electrical
fires and kitchen fires as well as other
causes during annual fire safety
exhibitions organized by CCSD and
FrPD. Every year at these annual
exhibitions employees and their
families have the opportunity to visit
a designated community house in
Dhahran, which is specially equipped
with both improperly and properly
selected fire safety features to
demonstrate correct and incorrect fire
safety practices in the home.
During the exhibitions visitors conduct
room-to-room inspections to learn how
to properly set their electrical
equipment and receive information on
the fire prevention practices they must
Fire risk factors,
in addition to
poor cooking practices
and misuse of electrical
equipment, include
unattended barbecues
and misuse of
halogen lights,
candles, and
insect burners.
follow. Examples include how to
properly set the TV and entertainment
center, computer and printer, and other
appliances in the home; what
precautions to take when cooking to
prevent cooking fires; how to
organize the garage and utility room
to minimize fire hazards; where to
set the barbecue to avoid a fire; and
what safe practices to follow in the
yard. Visitors also have a chance to
observe live fire demonstrations and
learn how to properly react in case of
fire. In addition, they are advised by
experts when to seek assistance from
a qualified electrician for the proper
inspection and maintenance of their
equipment.
Unfortunately, despite the company’s
fire safety educational efforts, home
fires continue to occur. Fire risk factors,
in addition to poor cooking practices
and misuse of electrical equipment,
include unattended barbecues and
misuse of halogen lights, candles, and
insect burners. The company continues
to focus its efforts on the reduction of
the number of home fires as well as on
minimizing the monetary loss and injury
resulting from fire.
Electrical fire safety tips
Tips on how to prevent cooking fires can be found in the article Cooking Up a Fire. Here we
provide tips on how to prevent electrical fires by making sure that electrical appliances, power
cords, multi-outlet power strips, adapters, outlet receptacles, and plugs are in good working
condition and used correctly.
• Ensure that all the electrical appliances you use are certified by a recognized testing authority, such as
Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Factory Mutual (FM), or European Committee for Standardization (CEN).
• Make sure that your appliances are rated for the electrical supply voltage at your home.
• Visually inspect your electrical appliances before each use. If an appliance makes an unusual noise or
vibration, or has a strange odor during use, immediately turn it off, unplug it, and have it repaired or
replaced.
• Once a year have all your electrical appliances inspected by a qualified electrician or manufacturer’s agent.
• Check to make sure that all electrical power cords are certified by a recognized testing authority. Flexible
electrical power cords and associated plugs are frequently used, and so are prone to frequent failure.
• Replace frayed or damaged cords.
• Make sure that the flat copper or brass pins on a plug are in good condition.
• Never exceed the power/current rating of a cord and plug (given by the manufacturer in amps/watts) by
overloading.
• Never place power cords under carpets or furniture, or on the floor in traffic areas. Doing so can cause the
cord to overheat, get frayed or damaged, and cause a fire.
• Visually inspect all multi-outlet power strips before each use.
• Never overload multi-outlet power strips. A good rule-of-thumb is that the total power load should never
exceed 1,500 watts (1.5 kilowatts). This usually means connecting only one high-power appliance (i.e., heat
producing or motor appliance) or alternatively a few low power appliances, so that the total rating is never
exceeded. The power rating can be found on a label attached on each appliance.
Heat producing appliances, such as a space heater, clothes iron, hair dryer, curling iron, microwave
oven, kettle, and coffee percolator, have a power rating of 850 to 1,500 watts. Connect only one
appliance at a time.
Motor appliances, such as a blender, mixer, vacuum cleaner, electric fan, and electric drill, have a
power rating of 850 to 1,500 watts. Connect only one appliance at a time.
Low power appliances, such as a TV, computer, monitor, printer, Hi-Fi, VCR, and table lamp, have a
power rating of 15 to 300 watts. Connect more than one such appliance making sure that you do not
exceed a total of 1,500 watts.
• Visually inspect electrical outlet receptacles to ensure that there is no damage. When inserting a plug, make
sure that there is a tight fit.
• Only use electrical adapters that are certified by a recognized testing authority. They should only be used
temporarily as they are not designed for a permanent connection. Never force in position an adapter that
does not fit the plug correctly and tightly. The safest solution is to have a qualified electrician change the plug
of the electrical equipment to the appropriate type.
• Never authorize or perform electrical modifications or installations. This can lead to electrocution or fire.
Take all necessary steps to prevent home fires. They not only damage property but also threaten lives!
5
 Heat Burns
First-degree burns
Different Burns,
Are also called superficial burns
and are classified as minor. This
type of burn affects the outer
layer of the skin (epidermis),
Different Treatment
which becomes painful and red
in color. While this type of burn
generally heals well by itself,
your proper action can help the
healing process.
Not all burns are the same, which means that different burns require
different treatment. Although many burns are superficial, heal well, and To treat this type of burn, you
should stop the burning
are easily treated at home, serious ones can still occur that can cause process by cooling the area.
permanent disability and even death. Your ability to differentiate between Apply a cool, wet cloth to the
burn, or immerse the burned
the different types of burns means that you’ll be able to treat them area in cool—not ice—water
appropriately and safely. until the victim no longer feels
pain. Because swelling may
occur, be careful to remove any
jewelry or constrictive clothing.
Don’t apply ointments or other
substances to the burn but keep
it covered with a sterile,
nonadhesive bandage or clean
cloth. Over-the-counter pain
medication may be used to help
relieve pain.
Second-degree burns
Are also called partial thickness
burns, which go deeper into the
skin into the dermis area. This
type of burn is generally
accompanied by blistering of the
skin, which may leave a scar.
Although this type of burn is
usually treatable with basic first
aid, a burned victim should seek
medical attention if the burn
covers a large area of the body. If
the burn is smaller than the palm
of the hand, you can treat it at
home by immersing the burned
area in cool water until the pain
stops. Make sure to leave the
blisters intact. Cover the burn
with a dry, sterile dressing and
immobilize it. However, don’t
remove burnt clothing, unless it
comes off easily.
Third-degree burns
Are also called total thickness
burns, which penetrate through the
layers of the skin, and may burn
muscle and other tissue. This type
of burn can be life threatening. The
burned area will appear charred or
blackened, or white and leathery.
Call for emergency ambulance
services (110 for inside Saudi
Aramco and 997 for outside)
immediately.
For severe burns:
1. Cool the area with water until
the pain stops, then carefully
remove clothing if it’s not
sticking to the skin. Don’t use
ice/ice water.
2. Cover loosely with dry, sterile
dressings, or with a dry clean
sheet if the burn is large. Don’t
clean, apply ointment, or break
blisters.
3. Treat for shock and elevate the
burned area above the level of
the heart.
4. Monitor the victim’s breathing
and administer rescue
breathing or cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR) if you are
trained to do so, until
emergency services arrive.
Chemical burns
S hould a chemical burn occur,
immediately call 110 or 997.
If a harmful corrosive chemical
comes in contact with the skin,
flush the area with water until
emergency medical services arrive.
Because chemicals may give off
fumes—even if you don’t smell
them—you should move the
victim outdoors into fresh air.
After flushing the burn with
water, cover the area with a loose,
nonstick dressing.
If the burn was the result of
contact with a dry chemical or
powder, brush the chemical
off with a gloved hand before
flushing the burn for at least 30
minutes.
If the chemical has made contact
with the eye, flush the affected
eye immediately with water for
20 to 30 minutes, holding the eye
open. An alkaline burn to the eyes
can cause blindness or other
permanent damage to the eyes,
which is why you must seek
medical attention immediately.
 Heat Burns
First-degree burns
Different Burns,
Are also called superficial burns
and are classified as minor. This
type of burn affects the outer
layer of the skin (epidermis),
Different Treatment
which becomes painful and red
in color. While this type of burn
generally heals well by itself,
your proper action can help the
healing process.
Not all burns are the same, which means that different burns require
different treatment. Although many burns are superficial, heal well, and To treat this type of burn, you
should stop the burning
are easily treated at home, serious ones can still occur that can cause process by cooling the area.
permanent disability and even death. Your ability to differentiate between Apply a cool, wet cloth to the
burn, or immerse the burned
the different types of burns means that you’ll be able to treat them area in cool—not ice—water
appropriately and safely. until the victim no longer feels
pain. Because swelling may
occur, be careful to remove any
jewelry or constrictive clothing.
Don’t apply ointments or other
substances to the burn but keep
it covered with a sterile,
nonadhesive bandage or clean
cloth. Over-the-counter pain
medication may be used to help
relieve pain.
Second-degree burns
Are also called partial thickness
burns, which go deeper into the
skin into the dermis area. This
type of burn is generally
accompanied by blistering of the
skin, which may leave a scar.
Although this type of burn is
usually treatable with basic first
aid, a burned victim should seek
medical attention if the burn
covers a large area of the body. If
the burn is smaller than the palm
of the hand, you can treat it at
home by immersing the burned
area in cool water until the pain
stops. Make sure to leave the
blisters intact. Cover the burn
with a dry, sterile dressing and
immobilize it. However, don’t
remove burnt clothing, unless it
comes off easily.
Third-degree burns
Are also called total thickness
burns, which penetrate through the
layers of the skin, and may burn
muscle and other tissue. This type
of burn can be life threatening. The
burned area will appear charred or
blackened, or white and leathery.
Call for emergency ambulance
services (110 for inside Saudi
Aramco and 997 for outside)
immediately.
For severe burns:
1. Cool the area with water until
the pain stops, then carefully
remove clothing if it’s not
sticking to the skin. Don’t use
ice/ice water.
2. Cover loosely with dry, sterile
dressings, or with a dry clean
sheet if the burn is large. Don’t
clean, apply ointment, or break
blisters.
3. Treat for shock and elevate the
burned area above the level of
the heart.
4. Monitor the victim’s breathing
and administer rescue
breathing or cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR) if you are
trained to do so, until
emergency services arrive.
Chemical burns
S hould a chemical burn occur,
immediately call 110 or 997.
If a harmful corrosive chemical
comes in contact with the skin,
flush the area with water until
emergency medical services arrive.
Because chemicals may give off
fumes—even if you don’t smell
them—you should move the
victim outdoors into fresh air.
After flushing the burn with
water, cover the area with a loose,
nonstick dressing.
If the burn was the result of
contact with a dry chemical or
powder, brush the chemical
off with a gloved hand before
flushing the burn for at least 30
minutes.
If the chemical has made contact
with the eye, flush the affected
eye immediately with water for
20 to 30 minutes, holding the eye
open. An alkaline burn to the eyes
can cause blindness or other
permanent damage to the eyes,
which is why you must seek
medical attention immediately.
Electrical burns
E lectrical burns require
emergency medical services
as quickly as possible. The real
injury with this type of burn is
not the damage you see on the
skin, but damage to the internal
organs caused by the electricity
passing through the body.
To rescue an electrical burn
victim, first make sure the scene
is safe. Shut off the household
electricity or unplug the
appliance. Never touch a victim
who is still in contact with
electricity.
Treat any external burns the
same way you would treat heat
burns, depending on their
severity. While waiting for
emergency medical services,
treat the victim for shock,
monitor his/her breathing, and
be prepared to administer rescue
breathing and CPR if needed
and if you are trained to do so.
Kids and liquid burns
B urns—especially scalds from
hot water and liquids—are
some of the most common
childhood injuries. Babies and
young children are especially
Never leave hot beverages
or food in areas accessible to
young children.
vulnerable because they’re
curious, small, and have sensitive
skins that need extra protection.
Protect your child from scalds by
taking precautions throughout
your home.
Hot beverages
• Never drink or eat hot beverages
or food with a child sitting on
your lap, or carry hot liquids or
dishes when a child is around.
• Keep young children out of the
kitchen. When carrying hot food
in the kitchen you may
accidentally trip or bump into
him/her.
• Put hot drinks and soups toward
the center of the table, away
from curious fingers. Babies like
to grab things.
The real injury with
an electrical burn is
not the damage you
see on the skin, but
damage to the
internal organs
caused by the
electricity passing
through the body.
• Replace tablecloths with place
mats to prevent your child from
pulling everything on the table
and onto him/her.
• Avoid warming baby bottles in
the microwave oven. The liquid
may heat unevenly, resulting in
heat pockets of milk or baby
formula that can scald your
child’s mouth.
Tap water
• Set the thermostat on your hot
water heater to 49 °C or lower,
or use the low-medium setting.
A child can be scalded in 2 to
3 seconds if the temperature is
only 5 degrees higher than
49 °C.
• Always test the bath water
with your elbow before putting
your child in it.
• Always turn the cold water on
first and turn it off last when
running water in the bathtub
or sink.
• Turn children away from the
faucet when in the bathtub so
they are less likely to play with
it and accidentally turn it to
hot.
Cooking
• Turn pot handles toward the
back of the stove every time
you cook.
• Establish and enforce a “NO
Zone” around the stove. Don’t
let children play near the stove
or barbeque to protect them
from cooking liquids, grease,
and hot metal.
Take all precautions to prevent
burns. And remember, knowing
the appropriate first aid
treatment for burns can help you
minimize the magnitude of the
injuries.
T he elderly are an especially
vulnerable group when it
comes to fires, particularly as
most fires occur in the home.
Older people are more at risk for
two reasons: First, their
decreased mobility, health, sight,
and hearing—all of which may
limit their ability to take the
quick action necessary to escape
during a fire; second, their
dependence on others, such as
Fire
caregivers or neighbors, for help.
Retire
Common fire hazards that affect older adults • Always use heavy, deep ashtrays.
include: • Put your cigarettes or cigars out completely.
• Don’t walk away from lit cigarettes and other
- Unsafe use of smoking materials smoking materials.
- Misuse of heating equipment • Check upholstered furniture for smoldering
-
-
Carelessness when cooking
Faulty wiring
cigarette butts before going to bed.
Heat your home safely
While it’s difficult to change old habits, if risky behaviors such as
smoking in bed are not addressed, then appropriate safeguards As the second leading cause of fire deaths to people
or alternative plans need to be in place. ages 65 and older in the U.S., heating devices should
be used with extra caution.
Use smoking materials safely
• Space heaters need space. Keep combustible items,
such as beddings, curtains, and blankets, at least
Careless smoking is the leading cause of fire deaths among
1 m away from heaters.
people ages 65 and older, according to the U.S. Fire
• Use space heaters that have a built-in shut-off
Administration. Cigarettes, if not properly extinguished, can control feature for when the heater falls over.
continue to burn. If a burning cigarette is accidentally knocked • Only purchase space heaters that bear the approval
over it can ignite a combustible item (e.g., curtain and blanket) of a recognized testing authority such as
and cause it to smolder for hours before a flare-up occurs. Underwriters Laboratories (UL) or Factory Mutual
(FM).
To avoid smoking-related fires: • Don’t use electric space heaters in the bathroom
or in areas where they can be exposed to water or
moisture.
• Never smoke in bed.
• Don’t dry clothing or store objects on top of your
• Stop smoking at the first sign of feeling drowsy while heater.
watching TV or reading.
Electrical burns
E lectrical burns require
emergency medical services
as quickly as possible. The real
injury with this type of burn is
not the damage you see on the
skin, but damage to the internal
organs caused by the electricity
passing through the body.
To rescue an electrical burn
victim, first make sure the scene
is safe. Shut off the household
electricity or unplug the
appliance. Never touch a victim
who is still in contact with
electricity.
Treat any external burns the
same way you would treat heat
burns, depending on their
severity. While waiting for
emergency medical services,
treat the victim for shock,
monitor his/her breathing, and
be prepared to administer rescue
breathing and CPR if needed
and if you are trained to do so.
Kids and liquid burns
B urns—especially scalds from
hot water and liquids—are
some of the most common
childhood injuries. Babies and
young children are especially
Never leave hot beverages
or food in areas accessible to
young children.
vulnerable because they’re
curious, small, and have sensitive
skins that need extra protection.
Protect your child from scalds by
taking precautions throughout
your home.
Hot beverages
• Never drink or eat hot beverages
or food with a child sitting on
your lap, or carry hot liquids or
dishes when a child is around.
• Keep young children out of the
kitchen. When carrying hot food
in the kitchen you may
accidentally trip or bump into
him/her.
• Put hot drinks and soups toward
the center of the table, away
from curious fingers. Babies like
to grab things.
The real injury with
an electrical burn is
not the damage you
see on the skin, but
damage to the
internal organs
caused by the
electricity passing
through the body.
• Replace tablecloths with place
mats to prevent your child from
pulling everything on the table
and onto him/her.
• Avoid warming baby bottles in
the microwave oven. The liquid
may heat unevenly, resulting in
heat pockets of milk or baby
formula that can scald your
child’s mouth.
Tap water
• Set the thermostat on your hot
water heater to 49 °C or lower,
or use the low-medium setting.
A child can be scalded in 2 to
3 seconds if the temperature is
only 5 degrees higher than
49 °C.
• Always test the bath water
with your elbow before putting
your child in it.
• Always turn the cold water on
first and turn it off last when
running water in the bathtub
or sink.
• Turn children away from the
faucet when in the bathtub so
they are less likely to play with
it and accidentally turn it to
hot.
Cooking
• Turn pot handles toward the
back of the stove every time
you cook.
• Establish and enforce a “NO
Zone” around the stove. Don’t
let children play near the stove
or barbeque to protect them
from cooking liquids, grease,
and hot metal.
Take all precautions to prevent
burns. And remember, knowing
the appropriate first aid
treatment for burns can help you
minimize the magnitude of the
injuries.
T he elderly are an especially
vulnerable group when it
comes to fires, particularly as
most fires occur in the home.
Older people are more at risk for
two reasons: First, their
decreased mobility, health, sight,
and hearing—all of which may
limit their ability to take the
quick action necessary to escape
during a fire; second, their
dependence on others, such as
Fire
caregivers or neighbors, for help.
Retire
Common fire hazards that affect older adults • Always use heavy, deep ashtrays.
include: • Put your cigarettes or cigars out completely.
• Don’t walk away from lit cigarettes and other
- Unsafe use of smoking materials smoking materials.
- Misuse of heating equipment • Check upholstered furniture for smoldering
-
-
Carelessness when cooking
Faulty wiring
cigarette butts before going to bed.
Heat your home safely
While it’s difficult to change old habits, if risky behaviors such as
smoking in bed are not addressed, then appropriate safeguards As the second leading cause of fire deaths to people
or alternative plans need to be in place. ages 65 and older in the U.S., heating devices should
be used with extra caution.
Use smoking materials safely
• Space heaters need space. Keep combustible items,
such as beddings, curtains, and blankets, at least
Careless smoking is the leading cause of fire deaths among
1 m away from heaters.
people ages 65 and older, according to the U.S. Fire
• Use space heaters that have a built-in shut-off
Administration. Cigarettes, if not properly extinguished, can control feature for when the heater falls over.
continue to burn. If a burning cigarette is accidentally knocked • Only purchase space heaters that bear the approval
over it can ignite a combustible item (e.g., curtain and blanket) of a recognized testing authority such as
and cause it to smolder for hours before a flare-up occurs. Underwriters Laboratories (UL) or Factory Mutual
(FM).
To avoid smoking-related fires: • Don’t use electric space heaters in the bathroom
or in areas where they can be exposed to water or
moisture.
• Never smoke in bed.
• Don’t dry clothing or store objects on top of your
• Stop smoking at the first sign of feeling drowsy while heater.
watching TV or reading.
Cook safely • Never leave cooking unattended; a • Never overload an electrical circuit PART B
fire can start in just seconds. by connecting more devices to it QUESTIONS FOR THE ELDERLY PERSON
According to the U.S. Fire • Always wear short or tight-fitting than it’s designed to handle.
Administration, cooking is the third sleeves when you cook. • Unplug small appliances, such as
leading cause of fire deaths and the • Keep towels, pot holders, and toasters or water boilers, when
leading cause of injury among the curtains away from heat sources. you’re not using them.
elderly. Wearing loose clothing— Do you know how to leave Are there any combustibles,
• Double-check the kitchen before you • Have all worn, frayed, or damaged quickly if there’s a fire? such as towels, oven mitts, or
especially dangling sleeves—leaving cords replaced immediately.
go to bed or leave the house to make Check that the older person knows curtains near the stove?
cooking unattended, and leaving
sure that all burners are turned off. • Have electrical appliances and two ways out in case the main route is Keep anything that can easily catch fire
combustible materials around the
equipment checked regularly. Have
stove are all risk factors contributing blocked by smoke or flames. Check that away from the stove.
to cooking fires. The kitchen can be
Wire up safely any electrical equipment that
all doors and windows can be easily
overheats; shorts out; causes
one of the most hazardous rooms in opened.
Faulty wiring is a major cause of fires electrical shocks; or gives off an
the house if you don’t practice safe
affecting the elderly. Older homes can odor, smoke, or sparks; repaired or
cooking behaviors:
have serious wiring problems, ranging replaced immediately. Do you have a neighbor who can Do you wear tight-fitting or
from old appliances with bad wiring to help in an emergency? rolled up sleeves when you use
overloaded sockets and circuits. Make sure that the elderly person can the stove?
walk to a neighbor’s house to call the Inform him/her that dangling sleeves
Fire safety check for caregivers of older adults fire department or a neighbor can help and loose clothing can easily brush
when the alarm sounds. against a hot burner and catch fire.
Below is a home fire safety checklist to be completed by the caregiver of an elderly person. The checklist is made up of two
parts:
Part A is the physical fire safety check of the elderly person’s home. It should be conducted once a month by a relative or Is there a phone near the bed in Are you careful not to reach over
friend. case you need help? hot burners?
Part B consists of 12 questions to ask the elderly person. These questions should be asked once, with periodic reminders. Make sure that there is a phone near Use the front burners as much as
the bed and all emergency numbers are possible.
PART A posted on the phone (998 for the local
fire department and 110 for inside Saudi
HOME FIRE SAFETY CHECK
Aramco communities).
Check that there are working Make sure that there is at least
smoke detectors on every level one multipurpose A:B:C fire What would you do if the room Do you keep portable heaters at
of the home and outside sleeping areas. extinguisher available near the is filled with smoke? least 1 m from any combustible
kitchen. Demonstrate to the elderly person materials, such as curtains, clothing,
Make sure the older person can It should be ready for use (adequate how to crawl low under smoke to or furniture?
hear the alarm when it activates. pressure, and pull pin still tagged and escape to safety. Remind the elderly person that portable
in place), and the elderly person knows heaters should never be used to dry
how to use it. clothing, towels, blankets, etc.
Check that smoke detectors have
Do you ever leave cooking Do you consider yourself to be a
been tested. Check for scorch marks on pots
unattended? careful smoker?
If not, test the smoke detector by and pans.
Remind the elderly person of the Inform him/her that smokers should
pressing the alarm test button, which If you find scorch marks, discuss your
importance of turning off the stove use large, deep ashtrays and to never
is usually located in the center of the finding with the elderly person. He/she
before leaving the kitchen. To help them smoke when drowsy or in bed. Also,
detector. If it’s difficult to reach, use a may be leaving cooking unattended.
remember, teach them to use a timer or make sure that large, deep ashtrays are
broom handle or ruler to test it.
to take an item such as a potholder with readily available in the house.
Make sure that the smoke detector Check that clothing, bedding, them.
batteries have been changed furniture, and floors are free of
within the past year. cigarette burns. Do you know what to do if a pot Where do you empty your
Batteries should be replaced each year. If you find cigarette burns, discuss this on the stove catches on fire? ashtrays?
To help you keep track of when the issue with the elderly person in your Keep a proper fitting lid or baking Inform him/her that ashtrays should
batteries are replaced, mark the date care. Warn him/her of the dangers of tray nearby and demonstrate to him/her be emptied into the sink, toilet, or a
on the batteries. Recognize and inform smoking. how to slide it over the burning pot. noncombustible can.
the elderly person that a chirping sound
indicates a low battery, keeping in mind
Based on © 2006 Fire Marshal’s Public Fire Safety Council
that this sound can be difficult for an
older person to hear.
Cook safely • Never leave cooking unattended; a • Never overload an electrical circuit PART B
fire can start in just seconds. by connecting more devices to it QUESTIONS FOR THE ELDERLY PERSON
According to the U.S. Fire • Always wear short or tight-fitting than it’s designed to handle.
Administration, cooking is the third sleeves when you cook. • Unplug small appliances, such as
leading cause of fire deaths and the • Keep towels, pot holders, and toasters or water boilers, when
leading cause of injury among the curtains away from heat sources. you’re not using them.
elderly. Wearing loose clothing— Do you know how to leave Are there any combustibles,
• Double-check the kitchen before you • Have all worn, frayed, or damaged quickly if there’s a fire? such as towels, oven mitts, or
especially dangling sleeves—leaving cords replaced immediately.
go to bed or leave the house to make Check that the older person knows curtains near the stove?
cooking unattended, and leaving
sure that all burners are turned off. • Have electrical appliances and two ways out in case the main route is Keep anything that can easily catch fire
combustible materials around the
equipment checked regularly. Have
stove are all risk factors contributing blocked by smoke or flames. Check that away from the stove.
to cooking fires. The kitchen can be
Wire up safely any electrical equipment that
all doors and windows can be easily
overheats; shorts out; causes
one of the most hazardous rooms in opened.
Faulty wiring is a major cause of fires electrical shocks; or gives off an
the house if you don’t practice safe
affecting the elderly. Older homes can odor, smoke, or sparks; repaired or
cooking behaviors:
have serious wiring problems, ranging replaced immediately. Do you have a neighbor who can Do you wear tight-fitting or
from old appliances with bad wiring to help in an emergency? rolled up sleeves when you use
overloaded sockets and circuits. Make sure that the elderly person can the stove?
walk to a neighbor’s house to call the Inform him/her that dangling sleeves
Fire safety check for caregivers of older adults fire department or a neighbor can help and loose clothing can easily brush
when the alarm sounds. against a hot burner and catch fire.
Below is a home fire safety checklist to be completed by the caregiver of an elderly person. The checklist is made up of two
parts:
Part A is the physical fire safety check of the elderly person’s home. It should be conducted once a month by a relative or Is there a phone near the bed in Are you careful not to reach over
friend. case you need help? hot burners?
Part B consists of 12 questions to ask the elderly person. These questions should be asked once, with periodic reminders. Make sure that there is a phone near Use the front burners as much as
the bed and all emergency numbers are possible.
PART A posted on the phone (998 for the local
fire department and 110 for inside Saudi
HOME FIRE SAFETY CHECK
Aramco communities).
Check that there are working Make sure that there is at least
smoke detectors on every level one multipurpose A:B:C fire What would you do if the room Do you keep portable heaters at
of the home and outside sleeping areas. extinguisher available near the is filled with smoke? least 1 m from any combustible
kitchen. Demonstrate to the elderly person materials, such as curtains, clothing,
Make sure the older person can It should be ready for use (adequate how to crawl low under smoke to or furniture?
hear the alarm when it activates. pressure, and pull pin still tagged and escape to safety. Remind the elderly person that portable
in place), and the elderly person knows heaters should never be used to dry
how to use it. clothing, towels, blankets, etc.
Check that smoke detectors have
Do you ever leave cooking Do you consider yourself to be a
been tested. Check for scorch marks on pots
unattended? careful smoker?
If not, test the smoke detector by and pans.
Remind the elderly person of the Inform him/her that smokers should
pressing the alarm test button, which If you find scorch marks, discuss your
importance of turning off the stove use large, deep ashtrays and to never
is usually located in the center of the finding with the elderly person. He/she
before leaving the kitchen. To help them smoke when drowsy or in bed. Also,
detector. If it’s difficult to reach, use a may be leaving cooking unattended.
remember, teach them to use a timer or make sure that large, deep ashtrays are
broom handle or ruler to test it.
to take an item such as a potholder with readily available in the house.
Make sure that the smoke detector Check that clothing, bedding, them.
batteries have been changed furniture, and floors are free of
within the past year. cigarette burns. Do you know what to do if a pot Where do you empty your
Batteries should be replaced each year. If you find cigarette burns, discuss this on the stove catches on fire? ashtrays?
To help you keep track of when the issue with the elderly person in your Keep a proper fitting lid or baking Inform him/her that ashtrays should
batteries are replaced, mark the date care. Warn him/her of the dangers of tray nearby and demonstrate to him/her be emptied into the sink, toilet, or a
on the batteries. Recognize and inform smoking. how to slide it over the burning pot. noncombustible can.
the elderly person that a chirping sound
indicates a low battery, keeping in mind
Based on © 2006 Fire Marshal’s Public Fire Safety Council
that this sound can be difficult for an
older person to hear.
 How do I install smoke detectors?

The Sound
Most smoke detectors are easy to install; just make sure that you
follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for proper installation.

Install ceiling smoke detectors in the middle of the ceiling, staying

away from the edges and the corners by at least 10 cm. Corners can
create dead air spaces, making smoke detection slower. Place

that Saves
wall-mounted detectors at least 10 cm, but no more that 30 cm, from
the ceiling.

Avoid installing smoke detectors in areas where incoming fresh air can

L i v es
prevent smoke from reaching the detector, such as windows or
air-conditioning vents, or in areas where steam or vapor can falsely
trigger the detector, such as the bathroom or kitchen.

What type of smoke If your smoke

Few of us realize how easily—and how quickly—fire can destroy our homes
and take the lives of those we love. By providing an early warning in the
event of a fire, smoke detectors allow you and your family sufficient time to
put your emergency escape plan in place and reach safety.
How many smoke
detectors should I have?
For minimum level of protection at home, it is
recommended to install smoke detectors outside
each bedroom area and one on each level of the
house.
Most house fire deaths happen in the middle of the
night while people are asleep, between 10 p.m.
and 6 a.m. Many people believe that the smoke will
awaken them when a fire breaks out. In fact, the
opposite is true; toxic smoke and fumes from a fire
may actually put people into a deeper sleep,
making it impossible for them to react and escape
to safety.
One of the best places to position a smoke
detector is in the middle of the hallway ceiling or
above eye level on the walls outside bedroom areas.
Because smoke rises, a ceiling-mounted or
wall-mounted smoke detector can provide advance
warning of smoke coming from other parts of the
house.
Many people believe that the smoke will
awaken them when a fire breaks out. In
fact, the opposite is true; toxic smoke and
fumes from a fire may actually put people
into a deeper sleep, making it impossible
for them to react and escape to safety.
detector should I install?
There are two types of smoke
detectors: photoelectric and
ionizing. The difference of
detection time between the two is
small. Ionizing detectors are usually
less expensive and easier to find, so
they are more common.
Whichever detector you choose to
use, make sure it bears the mark of
an approved testing organization,
such as Factory Mutual (FM) or
Underwriters Laboratories (UL).
Smoke detectors can use either
household electricity or batteries as
their source of power.
Battery-powered
Battery-powered detectors are easier
to install in existing homes because
no special wiring is required. This type
of detector will continue to work
during power failure. However, dead
or missing batteries make many
battery-operated smoke detectors
useless.
Electric-powered
Electrically-operated smoke detectors
need no battery replacement. However,
adequate wiring is needed before they
can be installed. To have the best of
both systems, make sure that electric
current smoke detectors are equipped
with a backup, battery-powered source.
Remember to never install a detector in
an electrical circuit that can be turned
off at a wall switch. Also, if you use a
detector that plugs into the wall, make
sure it has a restraining device so that
the plug cannot accidentally be pulled
from the wall.
How do I keep my smoke
detectors working?
To make sure that smoke detectors can
provide you with an early warning to
help you escape safely, it is important to
test and clean them frequently.
Clean your smoke detectors regularly
and follow the manufacturer’s
cleaning instructions. Dust can trigger
a false alarm and impair your detector’s
sensitivity.
detectors are 10 years
old or more, it is time to
replace them with new
ones. There is a label on
each detector with the
date of manufacture.
Test your detectors at least once a
month by pressing the test button or
by holding a lit candle close to them.
Make sure you hear a beeping sound.
For battery-operated detectors,
replace the batteries according to the
manufacturer’s instructions, or at least
once a year, or when they make a
“chirping” sound.
If your smoke detectors are 10 years
old or more, it is time to replace them
with new ones. There is a label on
each detector with the date of
manufacture. If a detector does not
have a label, then it is already more
than 10 years old. If you are not sure
how old a detector is, it is best to
replace it with a new one.
Make sure your smoke detectors are
working properly; your own and your
family’s lives may depend on it!
 How do I install smoke detectors?

The Sound
Most smoke detectors are easy to install; just make sure that you
follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for proper installation.

Install ceiling smoke detectors in the middle of the ceiling, staying

away from the edges and the corners by at least 10 cm. Corners can
create dead air spaces, making smoke detection slower. Place

that Saves
wall-mounted detectors at least 10 cm, but no more that 30 cm, from
the ceiling.

Avoid installing smoke detectors in areas where incoming fresh air can

L i v es
prevent smoke from reaching the detector, such as windows or
air-conditioning vents, or in areas where steam or vapor can falsely
trigger the detector, such as the bathroom or kitchen.

What type of smoke If your smoke

Few of us realize how easily—and how quickly—fire can destroy our homes
and take the lives of those we love. By providing an early warning in the
event of a fire, smoke detectors allow you and your family sufficient time to
put your emergency escape plan in place and reach safety.
How many smoke
detectors should I have?
For minimum level of protection at home, it is
recommended to install smoke detectors outside
each bedroom area and one on each level of the
house.
Most house fire deaths happen in the middle of the
night while people are asleep, between 10 p.m.
and 6 a.m. Many people believe that the smoke will
awaken them when a fire breaks out. In fact, the
opposite is true; toxic smoke and fumes from a fire
may actually put people into a deeper sleep,
making it impossible for them to react and escape
to safety.
One of the best places to position a smoke
detector is in the middle of the hallway ceiling or
above eye level on the walls outside bedroom areas.
Because smoke rises, a ceiling-mounted or
wall-mounted smoke detector can provide advance
warning of smoke coming from other parts of the
house.
Many people believe that the smoke will
awaken them when a fire breaks out. In
fact, the opposite is true; toxic smoke and
fumes from a fire may actually put people
into a deeper sleep, making it impossible
for them to react and escape to safety.
detector should I install?
There are two types of smoke
detectors: photoelectric and
ionizing. The difference of
detection time between the two is
small. Ionizing detectors are usually
less expensive and easier to find, so
they are more common.
Whichever detector you choose to
use, make sure it bears the mark of
an approved testing organization,
such as Factory Mutual (FM) or
Underwriters Laboratories (UL).
Smoke detectors can use either
household electricity or batteries as
their source of power.
Battery-powered
Battery-powered detectors are easier
to install in existing homes because
no special wiring is required. This type
of detector will continue to work
during power failure. However, dead
or missing batteries make many
battery-operated smoke detectors
useless.
Electric-powered
Electrically-operated smoke detectors
need no battery replacement. However,
adequate wiring is needed before they
can be installed. To have the best of
both systems, make sure that electric
current smoke detectors are equipped
with a backup, battery-powered source.
Remember to never install a detector in
an electrical circuit that can be turned
off at a wall switch. Also, if you use a
detector that plugs into the wall, make
sure it has a restraining device so that
the plug cannot accidentally be pulled
from the wall.
How do I keep my smoke
detectors working?
To make sure that smoke detectors can
provide you with an early warning to
help you escape safely, it is important to
test and clean them frequently.
Clean your smoke detectors regularly
and follow the manufacturer’s
cleaning instructions. Dust can trigger
a false alarm and impair your detector’s
sensitivity.
detectors are 10 years
old or more, it is time to
replace them with new
ones. There is a label on
each detector with the
date of manufacture.
Test your detectors at least once a
month by pressing the test button or
by holding a lit candle close to them.
Make sure you hear a beeping sound.
For battery-operated detectors,
replace the batteries according to the
manufacturer’s instructions, or at least
once a year, or when they make a
“chirping” sound.
If your smoke detectors are 10 years
old or more, it is time to replace them
with new ones. There is a label on
each detector with the date of
manufacture. If a detector does not
have a label, then it is already more
than 10 years old. If you are not sure
how old a detector is, it is best to
replace it with a new one.
Make sure your smoke detectors are
working properly; your own and your
family’s lives may depend on it!
 Cooking Up
a Fire
T areq was upstairs in the bedroom resting after work while
Aisha was preparing dinner. The chicken was in the oven
and she was getting ready to fry some frozen potatoes. She
took out a deep frying pan and poured oil inside of it to
cover almost ¾ of the pan. Although she left the potatoes
out to thaw, they were still partially frozen when she placed
them in the pan with the oil. When the moist potatoes made
contact with the hot oil, the oil splattered onto the burner
and the stove. At the sight of the hot splashes, Aisha
panicked. The oil ignited and there were flames in the pan.
Aisha cried for Tareq’s help. Tareq heard his wife calling
“fire” and rushed downstairs with a blanket. He folded it and
tried using it to cover the pan to cut off the supply of
oxygen. As Tareq put the dry blanket over the pan, it caught
fire immediately. Heavy smoke started to cover the whole
area. Tareq and Aisha could not breathe. In panic, they
rushed out of the house and called for emergency services.
The entire incident took less than 2 minutes. In about one
minute, security arrived followed by a fire truck. The
firemen entered the house and extinguished the fire quickly.
The stove and lower part of the kitchen cabinets were
destroyed from the fire while the nearby walls were damaged
from smoke.
All over the world, cooking-related
fires are responsible for most home
fires. Unattended cooking is the most
frequent cause. The majority of victims
are injured while attempting to fight the
fire.
What did Aisha and Tareq do
wrong?
In the incident above, Aisha did not
realize that combining water (i.e., wet
potatoes) and hot oil—especially lots
of oil—will cause the oil to splash and
possibly ignite. She should have avoided
splashing water into oil by making sure
that the potatoes were dry (i.e., wait for
them to thaw completely and then pat
dry them with a dishrag or paper towel)
before placing them in the hot oil.
When using a deep fryer, submerge the
basket containing the food slowly.
Aisha did not have an appropriate
tight-fitting and/or large lid nearby to
slide over the pan to cut off the supply
of oxygen to extinguish the fire. Always
keep a lid that fits over the pan tightly
or a baking pan nearby for quick use.
Slide a lid on a grease fire to smother it,
then turn off the heat. Baking soda will
also work.
Tareq and Aisha did not keep a
multipurpose (A:B:C) fire extinguisher in
the kitchen. If you cannot smother the
cooking fire, try using a dry chemical or
multipurpose (A:B:C) fire extinguisher.
Never, under any circumstances, use
water or flour to douse the flames.
Water causes grease and oil to splatter
whereas flour can catch fire.
Tareq used a dry blanket instead of
making sure that the blanket was wet
before placing it over the flames. The
dry blanket, a combustible item, caught
on fire causing heavy smoke.
What did Aisha and Tareq do right?
Aisha used a deep frying pan. To be
even safer and to prevent oil from
overheating—a frequent cause of
cooking fires—she could have used a
temperature controlled frying pan or a
deep fat fryer.
Aisha never left her cooking
unattended. From the time she placed
the oil in the pan she remained by the
stove. Never leave food cooking in the
oven or on the stove unattended. With
all that goes on in our busy lives, it is
easy to forget that you placed a pan on
the stove. It happens all the time. You put
something on the stove to cook and then
you get sidetracked. You forget about it
until a fire starts to smoke and the smoke
detector goes off. If you are still at home,
you may have time to react. But if you
have left the house, it may be too late.
You might return to the remnants of what
was once a house.
Aisha did not attempt to move the
burning pan. If she tried, she would
have spread the fire to a larger area of the
kitchen and possibly burned herself badly.
Aisha did not have any
combustibles near the stove. Always
keep cooking areas clean and clear of
combustible materials such as
potholders, towels, drapes, and food
packaging. Built-up grease can easily
become fuel for a fire. Never wear loose
clothing when working around the stove
or oven. Loose clothing, such as scarves,
dangling sleeves, and neckties, can easily
come in contact with burners or
electrical heating elements and catch fire.
Keep sleeves buttoned.
Tareq and Aisha left the house.
When Tareq’s and Aisha’s attempts to put
out the fire failed, they got out of the
house immediately and called for help.
If you do not succeed to put out a fire
within a few seconds, or the fire rages
out of control, get yourself and your
family out of the house immediately. Call
the fire department from a neighbor’s
house (inside Saudi Aramco communities
the number is 110 and in local
communities the number is 998). Leave
the firefighting to trained professionals.
Cooking fires are a major concern as they
can damage property and injure precious
lives. Take the above cooking fire safety
tips to keep your home and family safe.
 Cooking Up
a Fire
T areq was upstairs in the bedroom resting after work while
Aisha was preparing dinner. The chicken was in the oven
and she was getting ready to fry some frozen potatoes. She
took out a deep frying pan and poured oil inside of it to
cover almost ¾ of the pan. Although she left the potatoes
out to thaw, they were still partially frozen when she placed
them in the pan with the oil. When the moist potatoes made
contact with the hot oil, the oil splattered onto the burner
and the stove. At the sight of the hot splashes, Aisha
panicked. The oil ignited and there were flames in the pan.
Aisha cried for Tareq’s help. Tareq heard his wife calling
“fire” and rushed downstairs with a blanket. He folded it and
tried using it to cover the pan to cut off the supply of
oxygen. As Tareq put the dry blanket over the pan, it caught
fire immediately. Heavy smoke started to cover the whole
area. Tareq and Aisha could not breathe. In panic, they
rushed out of the house and called for emergency services.
The entire incident took less than 2 minutes. In about one
minute, security arrived followed by a fire truck. The
firemen entered the house and extinguished the fire quickly.
The stove and lower part of the kitchen cabinets were
destroyed from the fire while the nearby walls were damaged
from smoke.
All over the world, cooking-related
fires are responsible for most home
fires. Unattended cooking is the most
frequent cause. The majority of victims
are injured while attempting to fight the
fire.
What did Aisha and Tareq do
wrong?
In the incident above, Aisha did not
realize that combining water (i.e., wet
potatoes) and hot oil—especially lots
of oil—will cause the oil to splash and
possibly ignite. She should have avoided
splashing water into oil by making sure
that the potatoes were dry (i.e., wait for
them to thaw completely and then pat
dry them with a dishrag or paper towel)
before placing them in the hot oil.
When using a deep fryer, submerge the
basket containing the food slowly.
Aisha did not have an appropriate
tight-fitting and/or large lid nearby to
slide over the pan to cut off the supply
of oxygen to extinguish the fire. Always
keep a lid that fits over the pan tightly
or a baking pan nearby for quick use.
Slide a lid on a grease fire to smother it,
then turn off the heat. Baking soda will
also work.
Tareq and Aisha did not keep a
multipurpose (A:B:C) fire extinguisher in
the kitchen. If you cannot smother the
cooking fire, try using a dry chemical or
multipurpose (A:B:C) fire extinguisher.
Never, under any circumstances, use
water or flour to douse the flames.
Water causes grease and oil to splatter
whereas flour can catch fire.
Tareq used a dry blanket instead of
making sure that the blanket was wet
before placing it over the flames. The
dry blanket, a combustible item, caught
on fire causing heavy smoke.
What did Aisha and Tareq do right?
Aisha used a deep frying pan. To be
even safer and to prevent oil from
overheating—a frequent cause of
cooking fires—she could have used a
temperature controlled frying pan or a
deep fat fryer.
Aisha never left her cooking
unattended. From the time she placed
the oil in the pan she remained by the
stove. Never leave food cooking in the
oven or on the stove unattended. With
all that goes on in our busy lives, it is
easy to forget that you placed a pan on
the stove. It happens all the time. You put
something on the stove to cook and then
you get sidetracked. You forget about it
until a fire starts to smoke and the smoke
detector goes off. If you are still at home,
you may have time to react. But if you
have left the house, it may be too late.
You might return to the remnants of what
was once a house.
Aisha did not attempt to move the
burning pan. If she tried, she would
have spread the fire to a larger area of the
kitchen and possibly burned herself badly.
Aisha did not have any
combustibles near the stove. Always
keep cooking areas clean and clear of
combustible materials such as
potholders, towels, drapes, and food
packaging. Built-up grease can easily
become fuel for a fire. Never wear loose
clothing when working around the stove
or oven. Loose clothing, such as scarves,
dangling sleeves, and neckties, can easily
come in contact with burners or
electrical heating elements and catch fire.
Keep sleeves buttoned.
Tareq and Aisha left the house.
When Tareq’s and Aisha’s attempts to put
out the fire failed, they got out of the
house immediately and called for help.
If you do not succeed to put out a fire
within a few seconds, or the fire rages
out of control, get yourself and your
family out of the house immediately. Call
the fire department from a neighbor’s
house (inside Saudi Aramco communities
the number is 110 and in local
communities the number is 998). Leave
the firefighting to trained professionals.
Cooking fires are a major concern as they
can damage property and injure precious
lives. Take the above cooking fire safety
tips to keep your home and family safe.
 Safe firing

Parents should never allow children younger than 14 years old to play with fireworks. Children ages 14 and above should
only be permitted to use fireworks under close adult supervision. Below is a list of safety tips parents should make sure
older children follow when using fireworks:

1 4
Safety
Store fireworks
Educate children
about the dangers
2 3 in a dry, cool
place; follow the
of fireworks and Always read and Never relight manufacturer’s

Keeps the Fun in

teach them to follow the label or even handle instructions for
practice safety at directions. fireworks that storage.
all times. do not go off.

Fireworks
Although most experts warn against their use, for many children fireworks are a traditional
5
Light fireworks
6
Be sure people are
7
Light only one
firework at a
8
Never light
fireworks in a
away from houses, far away before
part of celebrations. Unfortunately, many of these joyful celebrations can turn into painful time. container—especially
dry leaves, grass, lighting fireworks and
memories because of inappropriate use of fireworks. glass or metal.
and combustible never direct fireworks
materials. at people.

10
Do not wear
loose clothing
According to Dr. Mohammed Al-Harthi, a Cosmetic Who gets hurt? 9 while using
(plastic surgery) Consultant and General Manager
at the Dammam Central Hospital, 90% of cases of More than 40% of those injured are children
Never put any
part of your body
fireworks. 11
younger than 14; the majority of whom are boys. Never
injured children admitted are caused by fireworks. over the firework
experiment or
Dr. Al-Harthi also stated that most of the injuries Active participants in firework-related activities, not when lighting it.
make your own
caused by fireworks occur to the face and hands, bystanders and audiences, are the most frequently
fireworks.
each differing in the level of severity according to and more seriously injured.
the size of the firework. The bigger the firework the
more severe the injury is. Other common Children are often injured by sparklers, a popular
injuries include partial or total loss of sight, firework, considered by many as the ideal “safe” 12
lacerations, and fractures. Two-thirds of firework
injuries involve second and third degree burns,
firework for the young. This type of firework burns
at temperatures as high as 982 ºC, while emitting
Keep a bucket of 13
water nearby for Dispose fireworks
particularly to the hands, arms, and feet. color flames, sparks, effects, and can easily ignite emergencies and properly by soaking
clothing. When a sparkler burns out, kids usually to pour over them in water; then
throw the core on the ground. The core can fireworks that do dispose of them in
continue to burn at temperatures as high not go off. the trash.
as 649 ºC for a long time, and if stepped on
barefoot can cause second degree burns.

Follow all the above tips to be safe and to keep the fun in fireworks!
 Safe firing

Parents should never allow children younger than 14 years old to play with fireworks. Children ages 14 and above should
only be permitted to use fireworks under close adult supervision. Below is a list of safety tips parents should make sure
older children follow when using fireworks:

1 4
Safety
Store fireworks
Educate children
about the dangers
2 3 in a dry, cool
place; follow the
of fireworks and Always read and Never relight manufacturer’s

Keeps the Fun in

teach them to follow the label or even handle instructions for
practice safety at directions. fireworks that storage.
all times. do not go off.

Fireworks
Although most experts warn against their use, for many children fireworks are a traditional
5
Light fireworks
6
Be sure people are
7
Light only one
firework at a
8
Never light
fireworks in a
away from houses, far away before
part of celebrations. Unfortunately, many of these joyful celebrations can turn into painful time. container—especially
dry leaves, grass, lighting fireworks and
memories because of inappropriate use of fireworks. glass or metal.
and combustible never direct fireworks
materials. at people.

10
Do not wear
loose clothing
According to Dr. Mohammed Al-Harthi, a Cosmetic Who gets hurt? 9 while using
(plastic surgery) Consultant and General Manager
at the Dammam Central Hospital, 90% of cases of More than 40% of those injured are children
Never put any
part of your body
fireworks. 11
younger than 14; the majority of whom are boys. Never
injured children admitted are caused by fireworks. over the firework
experiment or
Dr. Al-Harthi also stated that most of the injuries Active participants in firework-related activities, not when lighting it.
make your own
caused by fireworks occur to the face and hands, bystanders and audiences, are the most frequently
fireworks.
each differing in the level of severity according to and more seriously injured.
the size of the firework. The bigger the firework the
more severe the injury is. Other common Children are often injured by sparklers, a popular
injuries include partial or total loss of sight, firework, considered by many as the ideal “safe” 12
lacerations, and fractures. Two-thirds of firework
injuries involve second and third degree burns,
firework for the young. This type of firework burns
at temperatures as high as 982 ºC, while emitting
Keep a bucket of 13
water nearby for Dispose fireworks
particularly to the hands, arms, and feet. color flames, sparks, effects, and can easily ignite emergencies and properly by soaking
clothing. When a sparkler burns out, kids usually to pour over them in water; then
throw the core on the ground. The core can fireworks that do dispose of them in
continue to burn at temperatures as high not go off. the trash.
as 649 ºC for a long time, and if stepped on
barefoot can cause second degree burns.

Follow all the above tips to be safe and to keep the fun in fireworks!
 ?7 If you cannot escape from your room in a fire, you should
place wet towels at the bottom of the door to
keep the smoke out.
a) True

?8
b) False

If your clothing catches fire, you should stop, drop, and:

a) Get up and run.
b) Lay still.

?9
c) Roll.

Surviving a Fire Most fire victims die from smoke, not the flames:
a) True
b) False

Kids, do you think you can stay safe in a fire? Test your fire safety smarts with this quiz. If you
have difficulties with any of the answers, ask your parents to explain the correct answer to you.

?1 Every house should have smoke detectors:

a) On each floor and outside all sleeping areas
b) On the first floor
Answers
A1. (a) Working smoke detectors should be located on each floor, including outside of all separate sleeping areas.

?2
c) Inside the kitchen A2. (c) Remind your parents that smoke detectors should be tested each month by pushing the test button. They should
replace the battery in each smoke detector every year or when the unit makes a chirping sound that lets you know the battery
You should test smoke detectors: is low.
a) Once a year
b) Every six months A3. (c) Be sure to practice your fire escape plan with all your family twice a year. In a fire it’s easy to become confused and

?3
c) Every month panic. A fire escape plan will help you keep calm and focused. When developing your plan, determine with your parents two
ways out of every room. For example, the door may be one way out and the window may be the second.
You should have a family fire escape plan and practice it:
a) Every month A4. (c) People have about two minutes to get outside during a house fire. That doesn’t leave time to gather things to take
b) Once a year with you. If fire isn’t blocking your escape routes and it’s safe, leave the building right away.

?4
c) Every six months
A5. (a) By gathering at a preplanned meeting place, you will know if everyone in your family was able to escape. Good
When escaping during a fire: meeting spots might be a neighbor’s house, a streetlight, or a street corner that’s located a safe distance from your house.
a) Move quickly to leave the building.
b) Do not stop to gather belongings. A6. (a) If a fire has started, you are in danger and must immediately leave the building and not go back for any reason. Never

?5
c) Both answers are correct. use the elevator if there is a fire; the elevator may not work and you could be trapped inside.

It’s a good idea to decide on a meeting place outside A7. (a) Wet towels or fabric placed at the bottom of a door will help prevent smoke from entering the room. If there is a
of the house where all members of your family can phone in the room, call the fire department and let them know you’re in the building. You should also crawl to a window,
meet in the event of a fire. open it, and yell out for help. Waving a sheet or other cloth will help attract attention during the day. At night, wave
a) True a flashlight.

?6
b) False
A8. (c) You need to stop, drop, and roll to smother the fire. Be sure to cover your face with your hands. Running only makes
If you live in an apartment building and there is a fire: the fire worse. Laying still doesn’t help.
a) Use the stairs, not the elevator.
b) Take your house key with you in case you cannot escape A9. (a) Most people who are victims of fire die from exposure to smoke and poisonous gases. Smoke and toxic gases also can
and have to return to your apartment. kill people who are asleep when the fire starts. That’s why it’s important to use smoke detectors for early warning of a fire.
c) Both answers are correct.
 ?7 If you cannot escape from your room in a fire, you should
place wet towels at the bottom of the door to
keep the smoke out.
a) True

?8
b) False

If your clothing catches fire, you should stop, drop, and:

a) Get up and run.
b) Lay still.

?9
c) Roll.

Surviving a Fire Most fire victims die from smoke, not the flames:
a) True
b) False

Kids, do you think you can stay safe in a fire? Test your fire safety smarts with this quiz. If you
have difficulties with any of the answers, ask your parents to explain the correct answer to you.

?1 Every house should have smoke detectors:

a) On each floor and outside all sleeping areas
b) On the first floor
Answers
A1. (a) Working smoke detectors should be located on each floor, including outside of all separate sleeping areas.

?2
c) Inside the kitchen A2. (c) Remind your parents that smoke detectors should be tested each month by pushing the test button. They should
replace the battery in each smoke detector every year or when the unit makes a chirping sound that lets you know the battery
You should test smoke detectors: is low.
a) Once a year
b) Every six months A3. (c) Be sure to practice your fire escape plan with all your family twice a year. In a fire it’s easy to become confused and

?3
c) Every month panic. A fire escape plan will help you keep calm and focused. When developing your plan, determine with your parents two
ways out of every room. For example, the door may be one way out and the window may be the second.
You should have a family fire escape plan and practice it:
a) Every month A4. (c) People have about two minutes to get outside during a house fire. That doesn’t leave time to gather things to take
b) Once a year with you. If fire isn’t blocking your escape routes and it’s safe, leave the building right away.

?4
c) Every six months
A5. (a) By gathering at a preplanned meeting place, you will know if everyone in your family was able to escape. Good
When escaping during a fire: meeting spots might be a neighbor’s house, a streetlight, or a street corner that’s located a safe distance from your house.
a) Move quickly to leave the building.
b) Do not stop to gather belongings. A6. (a) If a fire has started, you are in danger and must immediately leave the building and not go back for any reason. Never

?5
c) Both answers are correct. use the elevator if there is a fire; the elevator may not work and you could be trapped inside.

It’s a good idea to decide on a meeting place outside A7. (a) Wet towels or fabric placed at the bottom of a door will help prevent smoke from entering the room. If there is a
of the house where all members of your family can phone in the room, call the fire department and let them know you’re in the building. You should also crawl to a window,
meet in the event of a fire. open it, and yell out for help. Waving a sheet or other cloth will help attract attention during the day. At night, wave
a) True a flashlight.

?6
b) False
A8. (c) You need to stop, drop, and roll to smother the fire. Be sure to cover your face with your hands. Running only makes
If you live in an apartment building and there is a fire: the fire worse. Laying still doesn’t help.
a) Use the stairs, not the elevator.
b) Take your house key with you in case you cannot escape A9. (a) Most people who are victims of fire die from exposure to smoke and poisonous gases. Smoke and toxic gases also can
and have to return to your apartment. kill people who are asleep when the fire starts. That’s why it’s important to use smoke detectors for early warning of a fire.
c) Both answers are correct.
Don’t get burned

D id you ever reach for the hot stove just as your mom warned
you not to, only to pull away with a burnt finger? If you
ever get burned, you should know the right way to be
treated.
Cool burn area with cold water.

Never put grease, butter, or ointment on a burn.

Don’t remove clothing from the burn.

Cover the burn with a clean sheet or towel.

See a doctor.

ta

re
r t He

Escape Maze

J ust like when you’re practicing your home

fire escape plan with your family, there
are two ways out of this maze. Can you find
them?

Remember these safety tips for your home fire escape plan:

1. Crawl low to avoid smoke and heat.

2. Feel doors with the back of your hand before

opening them.

3. Don’t open doors if they feel hot. Instead, use your

second escape exit.

4. Get out fast.

5. Meet outside and then call for help.

6. Fill in your emergency number here: ..........................