scop - traveling mistrel

monk - a member of a religious order that lives in a monastery

setting - position and time in which novel is set

biased attitude - preferring one thing to another

suspence – a sense of intrigue

protagonist – main character

kenning - a conventional poetic phrase used for the usual name of a thing

cesura - a metrical pause in a verse where one phrase ends and another begins

foul language – offensive language

show of - boastfully display one's abilities

plot - a series of events that form the story in a novel

pathetic – causing feelings of sadness and sympathy

tear-jerking – intended to move its audience to tears

hubris – exaggerated self-pride

wit - a natural aptitude for using words quickly to create humour

paradox - a literary device that contradicts itself but contains a plausible kernel of
truth

pun - a humorous way of using a word or phrase so that more than one meaning

conceit - a fanciful comparison or metaphor

euphuism - an elegant Elizabethan literary style marked by excessive use of balance,

antithesis, and alliteration and by frequent use of similes drawn from mythology and
nature

spenserian stanza - verse form that consists of 8 iambic pentameter lines followed
by a 9th line of 6 iambic feet

rhyme scheme - the ordered pattern of rhymes at the ends of the lines of a poem or
verse

drama - a written work that tells a story through action and speech and is acted out

tragedy - a play dealing with tragic events and having an unhappy ending, especially
one concerning the downfall of the main character
comedy - a genre of fiction that consists of discourses or works intended to be
humorous

cues - anything said or done, on or off stage, that is followed by a specific line or
action

hamartia - a fatal flaw leading to the downfall of a tragic hero or heroine

peripetia - a sudden reversal of fortune or change in circumstances, especially in

reference to fictional narrative

catharsis - the purification or purgation of the emotions (especially pity and fear)
primarily through art

anagnorisis - a literary device that reveals the true nature of a character or situation

an aside - іn a story, a character may turn to the audience to make an observation that
the other characters can’t hear

epigram - a rhetorical device that is a memorable, brief and surprising satirical

statement

diction - linguistic choices made by a writer to convey an idea in an effective way

poetic imagery - the sensory and figurative language used in poetry

metaphysical (poetry) - poetry that goes beyond the physical world of the senses and
explores the spiritual world

еmulation - ambition to equal or excel others (as in achievement)

stream of consciousness - style of writing that tries to capture the natural flow of a
character's extended thought process

exam

anti-novel - in which the traditions of the genre are studiously avoided

masque - entertainment in which disguised participants offer gifts to their host and
then join together for a ceremonial dance

mock-heroic style - imitating the style of heroic literature in order to satirize an

unheroic subject

picaresque - an episodic style of fiction dealing with the adventures of a rough and
dishonest but appealing hero
satire - a genre of literature characterized by the use of humor to show that
something is bad

utopia - an abstract model of an ideal social system that corresponds to the writer's
ideas about the harmony of man and society

ballad - a poem or song narrating a story in short stanzas

sonnet - a poem of 14 lines using any of a number of formal rhyme schemes, in

English typically having 10 syllables per line

blank verse - verse without rhyme, especially that which uses iambic pentameters

soliloquy - a speech in a play in which an actor speaks to himself and to the audience,
rather than to another actor

didactic - intended to teach, particularly in having moral instruction

epistolary - a novel told through the medium of letters written by one of the
characters

symbol - a mark or character used as a conventional representation of an object

unreliable narrator - narrator that is not trustworthy, whose rendition of events must
be taken with a grain of salt

Holy grail

 the cup used by Christ at the Last Supper, and in which Joseph of Arimathea
received Christ's blood at the Cross (legend)
 a thing which is eagerly pursued

castaway novel - an adventure story about a survivor of shipwreck or survival on an

island

iambic pentameter - a line consisting of four iambic feet

stanza - a group of lines forming the basic recurring metrical unit in a poem; a verse

meter - the rhythm of a piece of poetry, determined by the number and length of feet
in a line

rhyme - correspondence of sound between words or the endings of words, especially

at the ends of lines of poetry

alliteration - the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of closely
connected words

assonance - the repetition of vowel sounds without repeating consonants

blazon - a literary blazon catalogues the physical attributes of a subject, usually
female

epic - a long narrative poem in elevated style recounting the deeds of a legendary
historical hero

“Globe” theater - the theater in London where many of the great plays of William
Shakespeare were first performed

message - an underlying theme or idea

theme - an idea that recurs in a work of art or literature

Renaissance - the revival of European art and literature under the influence of
classical models in the 14th–16th centuries

irony - artistic trope, which expresses the critical attitude of the artist to the subject of
the image by rough humor

play-within-a play - a play that is being performed in the confines of another play

fiction - literature in the form of prose, especially novels, that describes imaginary
events and people

allusions to the Bible - uses words or situations that make direct references to
biblical motifs within a larger story/text

narrator (omniscient and omniscient limited) - a character who narrates/recounts

the events of a novel

omniscient narrator - the voice in which a story is written that is outside the story
and knows everything about the characters and events in the story

omniscient limited narrator - a narrator who only knows the thoughts and feelings
of the main character

tragi-comedy - a play or novel containing elements of both comedy and tragedy

faction (fact + fiction) - a literary and cinematic genre in which real events are used as
a basis for a fictional narrative or dramatization