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Agrobiodiversity Management Part 1
Agrobiodiversity Management Part 1
Agrobiodiversity Management Part 1
Rosen in 1985
Variation in the forms of life Genetic/Species/Ecosystem
Energy crisis
Climate change
Food insecurity
Loss of biodiversity
Currently Earth is undergoing its sixth mass
extinction—because of us.
Farmers
managing
species
Farmers
managing
ecosystems
3.5 billion years of evolution
Domestication:10,000 years ago, fire-stick farming.
Dogs and ships are thought to be domesticated first
among other animals.
9500 BCE that the eight so-called founder crops of
agriculture appear: first emmer and einkorn wheat, then
hulled barley, peas, lentils, bitter vetch, chick peas and
flax.
Subset of biodiversity that directly or indirectly engaged in the
key functions of agricultural ecosystem.
Agricultural biodiversity is indeed fundamental for resilience and
adaptation to change.
Includes:.
The diversity of genetic resources (varieties, breeds,
species, whether cultivated, reared or wild) used directly or
indirectly for food and agriculture;
The diversity of species that support production (soil
biota, pollinators, predators, etc.) and those in the wider
environment that support agroecosystems (agricultural,
pastoral, forest and aquatic)
The diversity of the agroecosystems themselves.
The variety and variability of animals, plants and micro-organisms that
are used directly or indirectly for food and agriculture, including crops,
livestock, forestry and fisheries. It comprises the diversity of genetic
resources (varieties, breeds) and species used for food, fodder, fibre,
fuel and pharmaceuticals. It also includes the diversity of non-
harvested species that support production (soil micro-organisms,
predators, pollinators), and those in the wider environment that
support agro-ecosystems (agricultural, pastoral, forest and aquatic) as
well as the diversity of the agro-ecosystems.
FAO, 1999
Ensure the production of Goods (food, fibre,
fuel, fodder, medicine)
Maintain other ecosystem services
Allow adaptation to changing conditions -
including climate change
Sustain rural peoples' livelihoods
Human interference and management
Introduction of novel material
Economic consideration
Industrial agriculture, reduced diversity (crop
diversity is now held ex-situ)
Water Pest Pollination
Nutrient Climate
Soils control
cycling
Domestic
Crop animals
genetic and
species
AGRICULTURE
diversity Meat, grains, vegetables, fruits, seeds, fibers,
fuels
Healthy ecosystems
Farmscapes, recreation, biodiversity
Commercial Mechanization
Domestic
varieties in
Crop Feed lots
animals
monoculture
genetic and
species
AGRICULTURE
diversity Meat, grains, vegetables, fruits, seeds, fibers,
fuels
Healthyeutrophication,
EXTERNALITIES: ecosystemspollution; salinization; soil erosion and
compaction, greenhouse gas emissions, biodiversity loss, human health issues
Farmscapes, recreation, biodiversity
Monoculture landscapes